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Santos WBR, Melo MAO, Alves RS, de Brito RG, Rabelo TK, Prado LDS, Silva VKDS, Bezerra DP, de Menezes-Filho JER, Souza DS, de Vasconcelos CML, Scotti L, Scotti MT, Lucca Júnior WD, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Guimarães AG. p-Cymene attenuates cancer pain via inhibitory pathways and modulation of calcium currents. Phytomedicine 2019; 61:152836. [PMID: 31035053 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncological pain is one of the most prevalent and difficult-to-treat symptoms in patients with cancer. p-Cymene (PC) is a monoterpene found in more than 100 different plant species, endowed with various pharmacological properties-particularly antinociceptive. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE PC has antinociceptive effect in a model of oncologic pain due to the activation of the descending inhibitory pathway of pain. STUDY DESIGN A pre-clinical, longitudinal, blind and randomized study. METHODS Male Swiss mice were induced with S180 cells in the right hind paw, then treated daily with PC (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg, s.c.) and screened for mechanical hyperalgesia, spontaneous nociception, nociception induced by non-noxious palpation, tumor growth, changes in the neuromuscular function and existence of bone degradation in the tumor area. The effect of PC on Ca2+ currents (electrophysiological records), histological and neurochemical changes (immunofluorescence for Fos) were also evaluated. RESULTS PC reduced (p < 0.05) the mechanical hyperalgesia, the spontaneous (p < 0.001) and non-noxious palpation (p < 0.001) nociceptions, not changing the tumor development, neuromuscular function or histopathological aspects of the paw affected. PC reduced Fos expression in the spinal cord (p < 0.001) and increased this expression in the PAG (p < 0.05) and in the NRM (p < 0.01). PC decreased the density of calcium channel currents (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION These results suggest the antinociceptive effect of PC on oncologic pain, probably acting in both ascending and descending pain pathways, and modulating the calcium channel currents in order to exert its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner B R Santos
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Marlange A O Melo
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Rafael S Alves
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Renan G de Brito
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Thallita K Rabelo
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Lindaura da S Prado
- Postgraduate Program in Sciences Applied to Health, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel P Bezerra
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Immunopharmacology, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Diego S Souza
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Scotti
- Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Adriana G Guimarães
- Department of Health Education, Federal University of Sergipe, Padre Álvares Pitangueira street, nº 248, Downtown, 49400-000 Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil.
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