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Hoffman C, Cheng J, Morales R, Ji D, Dabaghian Y. Altered patterning of neural activity in a tauopathy mouse model. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.23.586417. [PMID: 38585991 PMCID: PMC10996513 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.23.586417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative condition that manifests at multiple levels and involves a spectrum of abnormalities ranging from the cellular to cognitive. Here, we investigate the impact of AD-related tau-pathology on hippocampal circuits in mice engaged in spatial navigation, and study changes of neuronal firing and dynamics of extracellular fields. While most studies are based on analyzing instantaneous or time-averaged characteristics of neuronal activity, we focus on intermediate timescales-spike trains and waveforms of oscillatory potentials, which we consider as single entities. We find that, in healthy mice, spike arrangements and wave patterns (series of crests or troughs) are coupled to the animal's location, speed, and acceleration. In contrast, in tau-mice, neural activity is structurally disarrayed: brainwave cadence is detached from locomotion, spatial selectivity is lost, the spike flow is scrambled. Importantly, these alterations start early and accumulate with age, which exposes progressive disinvolvement the hippocampus circuit in spatial navigation. These features highlight qualitatively different neurodynamics than the ones provided by conventional analyses, and are more salient, thus revealing a new level of the hippocampal circuit disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hoffman
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030
| | - J Cheng
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - R Morales
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030
| | - D Ji
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Y Dabaghian
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030
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Rady T, Erb S, Deddouche-Grass S, Morales R, Chaubet G, Cianférani S, Basse N, Wagner A. Targeted delivery of immune-stimulating bispecific RNA, inducing apoptosis and anti-tumor immunity in cancer cells. iScience 2024; 27:109068. [PMID: 38380254 PMCID: PMC10877685 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Double-stranded RNAs (dsRNA)-based strategies appeared as promising therapies to induce an inflammation in the tumor microenvironment. However, currently described systems generally lack active targeting of tissues, and their clinical translation is thus limited to intratumoral injection. Herein, we developed an antibody-siRNA-5'triphosphate conjugate with multiple modes of action, combining cell surface EphA2-specific internalization, leading to a simultaneous gene silencing and activation of the receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I). Recognition of cytosolic siRNA-5'triphosphate by RIG-I triggers the expression of interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines, inducing an inflammation of the tumor environment and activating neighboring immune cells. In addition, these RIG-I-specific effects synergized with siRNA-mediated PLK1 silencing to promote cancer cell death by apoptosis. Altogether, such immune-stimulating antibody-RNA conjugate opens a novel modality to overcome some limitations encountered by dsRNA molecules currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Rady
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199), LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
- Sanofi, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Stéphane Erb
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI – FR2048, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Renaud Morales
- Sanofi, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Guilhem Chaubet
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199), LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI – FR2048, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Basse
- Sanofi, 13 Quai Jules Guesde, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Alain Wagner
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199), LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
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Cascales A, Morales R, Castro A, Ortiz JA, Lledo B, Ten J, Bernabeu A, Bernabeu R. Factors associated with embryo mosaicism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Assist Reprod Genet 2023; 40:2317-2324. [PMID: 37592098 PMCID: PMC10504166 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluate which factors are involved in the increased rate of mosaicism in embryos. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. After an exhaustive search of the literature, a total of seven papers were included in the analysis. In addition, data collected from IVF cycles performed in our fertility clinic were also analysed. Day of biopsy, embryo quality, maternal and paternal age and seminal quality were the chosen factors to be studied. RESULTS The results of the meta-analysis show that neither embryo quality nor seminal quality were related to mosaic embryo rate (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.94-1.28 and OR: 1.10; 95% CI: 0.87-1.37, respectively). A positive association was observed for the variable "biopsy day" with embryos biopsied at day 6 or 7 having the highest rate of mosaicism (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.11). In opposite to what happens with aneuploidy rate, which increases with maternal age, embryo mosaicism is higher in younger women (<34 years) rather than in older ones (≥34 years) (OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.92-0.98). However, for the "paternal age" factor, no association with mosaicism was found (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.90-1.21). CONCLUSIONS With the present study, we can conclude that the factors related to the presence of mosaicism in embryos are the embryo biopsy day and maternal age. The rest of the studied factors showed no significant relationship with mosaicism. These results are of great importance as knowing the possible causes leading to mosaicism helps to improve the clinical results of reproductive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cascales
- Molecular Biology Department, Instituto Bernabeu, Avda. Albufereta 31, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Molecular Biology Department, Instituto Bernabeu, Avda. Albufereta 31, 03016, Alicante, Spain.
| | - A Castro
- Molecular Biology Department, Instituto Bernabeu, Avda. Albufereta 31, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - J A Ortiz
- Molecular Biology Department, Instituto Bernabeu, Avda. Albufereta 31, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - B Lledo
- Molecular Biology Department, Instituto Bernabeu, Avda. Albufereta 31, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Ten
- Reproductive Biology, Instituto Bernabeu, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Reproductive Medicine, Instituto Bernabeu, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Reproductive Medicine, Instituto Bernabeu, Alicante, Spain
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Inzalaco HN, Bravo-Risi F, Morales R, Walsh DP, Storm DJ, Pedersen JA, Turner WC, Lichtenberg SS. Ticks harbor and excrete chronic wasting disease prions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7838. [PMID: 37188858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34308-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by infectious prions (PrPCWD) affecting cervids. Circulating PrPCWD in blood may pose a risk for indirect transmission by way of hematophagous ectoparasites acting as mechanical vectors. Cervids can carry high tick infestations and exhibit allogrooming, a common tick defense strategy between conspecifics. Ingestion of ticks during allogrooming may expose naïve animals to CWD, if ticks harbor PrPCWD. This study investigates whether ticks can harbor transmission-relevant quantities of PrPCWD by combining experimental tick feeding trials and evaluation of ticks from free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Using the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay, we show that black-legged ticks (Ixodes scapularis) fed PrPCWD-spiked blood using artificial membranes ingest and excrete PrPCWD. Combining results of RT-QuIC and protein misfolding cyclic amplification, we detected seeding activity from 6 of 15 (40%) pooled tick samples collected from wild CWD-infected white-tailed deer. Seeding activities in ticks were analogous to 10-1000 ng of CWD-positive retropharyngeal lymph node collected from deer upon which they were feeding. Estimates revealed a median infectious dose range of 0.3-42.4 per tick, suggesting that ticks can take up transmission-relevant amounts of PrPCWD and may pose a CWD risk to cervids.
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Affiliation(s)
- H N Inzalaco
- Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - F Bravo-Risi
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Centro Integrativo de Biologia y Quimica Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - R Morales
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Centro Integrativo de Biologia y Quimica Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - D P Walsh
- U.S. Geological Survey, Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - D J Storm
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Eau Claire, WI, USA
| | - J A Pedersen
- Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - W C Turner
- Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, U.S. Geological Survey, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - S S Lichtenberg
- Department of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Lledo B, Marco A, Morales R, Ortiz JA, García-Hernández E, Lozano FM, Cascales A, Guerrero J, Bernabeu A, Bernabeu R. Identification of novel candidate genes associated with meiotic aneuploidy in human embryos by whole-exome sequencing. J Assist Reprod Genet 2023:10.1007/s10815-023-02825-9. [PMID: 37171739 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-02825-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify novel genetic variants responsible for meiotic embryonic aneuploidy. METHODS A prospective observational cohort study that included 29 couples who underwent trophectoderm biopsies from 127 embryos and performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) between November 2019 and March 2022. Patients were divided into two groups according to the expected embryo aneuploidy rate based on maternal age. RESULTS After variant filtering in the WES analysis of 58 patients/donors, five heterozygous variants were identified in female partners from the study group that had an impact on embryo aneuploidy. Additionally, a slowdown in embryo development and a decrease in the number of blastocysts available for biopsy were observed in the study group embryos. CONCLUSION This study has identified new candidate genes and variants not previously associated with meiotic embryo aneuploidy, but which are involved in important biological processes related to cell division and chromosome segregation. WES may be an efficient tool to identify patients with a higher-than-expected risk of embryo aneuploidy based on maternal age and allow for individualized genetic counselling prior to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lledo
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, 03016, Alicante, Spain.
| | - A Marco
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - J A Ortiz
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - F M Lozano
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Cascales
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Guerrero
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynaecology, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynaecology, 03016, Alicante, Spain
- Cátedra de Medicina Comunitaria y Salud Reproductiva, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynaecology, 03016, Alicante, Spain
- Cátedra de Medicina Comunitaria y Salud Reproductiva, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
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Morales R, Weber-Vintzel L, Awada L, Caceres P, Tizzani P, Meske M. The World Animal Health Information System as a tool to support decision-making and research in animal health. REV SCI TECH OIE 2023; 42:242-251. [PMID: 37232300 DOI: 10.20506/rst.42.3367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS) collects and publishes a wealth of information gathered by individual countries' Veterinary Services, including detailed country-specific information on outbreaks of diseases listed by the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH, founded as OIE), including emerging diseases, in domestic animals and wildlife, and non-listed diseases in wildlife. The data set is one of the most comprehensive in the world, with 182 Members obliged to report this information to WOAH in a timely manner. As such, the data provide invaluable input for Veterinary Services, animal health researchers and stakeholders to gain insight into risk from infectious diseases, for example through the development of predictive models and risk assessments to address the risk from trade of animal products, globalisation, or movement of wildlife or vectors across country borders. This paper reviews previous analyses that have been conducted using WAHIS data and outlines ways in which these data can be used for preparedness and risk assessment.
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Ziadi C, Sánchez JP, Sánchez M, Morales R, Molina A. Survival analysis of productive life in Florida dairy goats using a Cox proportional hazards model. J Anim Breed Genet 2023. [PMID: 36932904 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Longevity is an economically important trait, since extending the functional life of a doe would allow us to keep the most productive females in the herd as long as possible, and this could result in the increased profitability of dairy farms. Thus, the objectives of this study were to determine the most important factors that influence the length of productive life (LPL) of female Florida goats and to estimate its genetic additive variance using a Cox proportional hazards model. The data consisted of 70,695 productive life records from 25,722 Florida females kidding between 2006 and 2020. A total of 19,495 does had completed their productive life while 6227 (24.2%) does had censored information. The pedigree contained information on 56,901 animals. The average censoring age and average failure age after first kidding for LPL were 36 and 47 months respectively. The model included, as time-independent effects, the age at first kidding and the interaction between herd, year and season of birth of the doe, and as time-dependent effects, the age at kidding, the interaction between herd, year and season of kidding, the within-herd class of milk production deviation, and the interaction between the lactation number and the stage of lactation. All fixed effects had a significant effect on LPL (p < 0.05). Does with older ages at the first kidding and an earlier age at kidding were at higher risk of being culled. A large difference among herds was observed in terms of culling risk, which highlighted the importance of adequate management practices. Also, high-producing does were less likely to be culled. The estimate of the additive genetic variance was 1.844 (in genetic standard deviation), with a heritability estimate of 0.58 ± 0.012. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of a genetic model for genetic evaluation of the length of the productive life of Spanish dairy goat breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ziadi
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Gregor Mendel. Campus de Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain
| | - J P Sánchez
- Departamento de Genética y Mejora Animal, IRTA. Torre Marimon, Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Sánchez
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad de Córdoba. Campus de Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Gregor Mendel. Campus de Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain
| | - A Molina
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Gregor Mendel. Campus de Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain
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Galvis V, Tello A, Otoya V, Arba-Mosquera S, Villamizar, Translateur A, Morales R. DETERMINATION OF CORNEAL POWER AFTER REFRACTIVE SURGERY WITH EXCIMER LASER: A CONCISE REVIEW. Cesk Slov Oftalmol 2023; 3:1001-1006. [PMID: 36858947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Refractive surgery with excimer laser has been a very common surgical procedure worldwide during the last decades. Currently, patients who underwent refractive surgery years ago are older, with a growing number of them now needing cataract surgery. To establish the power of the intraocular lens to be implanted in these patients, it is essential to define the true corneal power. However, since the refractive surgery modified the anterior, but not the posterior surface of the cornea, the determination of the corneal power in this group of patients is challenging. This article reviews the different sources of error in finding the true corneal power in these cases, and comments on several approaches, including the clinical history method as described originally by Holladay, and a modified version of it, as well as new alternatives based on corneal tomography, using devices that are able to measure the actual anterior and posterior corneal curvatures, which have emerged in recent years to address this issue.
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Galvis V, Tello A, Otoya V, Arba-Mosquera S, Villamizar SJ, Translateur A, Morales R. Determination of Corneal Power after Refractive Surgery with Excimer Laser: A Concise Review. Cesk Slov Oftalmol 2023; 79:215-220. [PMID: 37993276 DOI: 10.31348/2023/8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Refractive surgery with excimer laser has been a very common surgical procedure worldwide during the last decades. Currently, patients who underwent refractive surgery years ago are older, with a growing number of them now needing cataract surgery. To establish the power of the intraocular lens to be implanted in these patients, it is essential to define the true corneal power. However, since the refractive surgery modified the anterior, but not the posterior surface of the cornea, the determination of the corneal power in this group of patients is challenging. This article reviews the different sources of error in finding the true corneal power in these cases, and comments on several approaches, including the clinical history method as described originally by Holladay, and a modified version of it, as well as new alternatives based on corneal tomography, using devices that are able to measure the actual anterior and posterior corneal curvatures, which have emerged in recent years to address this issue.
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Galvis V, Tello A, Otoya V, Arba-Mosquera S, Villamizar, Translateur A, Morales R. DETERMINATION OF CORNEAL POWER AFTER REFRACTIVE SURGERY WITH EXCIMER LASER: A CONCISE REVIEW. Cesk Slov Oftalmol 2023; 3:1001-1006. [PMID: 38016811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Refractive surgery with excimer laser has been a very common surgical procedure worldwide during the last decades. Currently, patients who underwent refractive surgery years ago are older, with a growing number of them now needing cataract surgery. To establish the power of the intraocular lens to be implanted in these patients, it is essential to define the true corneal power. However, since the refractive surgery modified the anterior, but not the posterior surface of the cornea, the determination of the corneal power in this group of patients is challenging. This article reviews the different sources of error in finding the true corneal power in these cases, and comments on several approaches, including the clinical history method as described originally by Holladay, and a modified version of it, as well as new alternatives based on corneal tomography, using devices that are able to measure the actual anterior and posterior corneal curvatures, which have emerged in recent years to address this issue.
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Parente A, Navarro H, Vargas NM, Lapa P, Basaran AC, González EM, Redondo C, Morales R, Munoz Noval A, Schuller IK, Vicent JL. Unusual Magnetic Hysteresis and Transition between Vortex and Double Pole States Arising from Interlayer Coupling in Diamond-Shaped Nanostructures. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:54961-54968. [PMID: 36469495 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the magnetic ground states at the nanoscale is a long-standing basic research problem and an important issue in magnetic storage technologies. Here, we designed a nanostructured material that exhibits very unusual hysteresis loops due to a transition between vortex and double pole states. Arrays of 700 nm diamond-shaped nanodots consisting of Py(30 nm)/Ru(tRu)/Py(30 nm) (Py, permalloy (Ni80Fe20)) trilayers were fabricated by interference lithography and e-beam evaporation. We show that varying the Ru interlayer spacer thickness (tRu) governs the interaction between the Py layers. We found this interaction mainly mediated by two mechanisms: magnetostatic interaction that favors antiparallel (antiferromagnetic, AFM) alignment of the Py layers and exchange interaction that oscillates between ferromagnetic (FM) and AFM couplings. For a certain range of Ru thicknesses, FM coupling dominates and forms magnetic vortices in the upper and lower Py layers. For Ru thicknesses at which AFM coupling dominates, the magnetic state in remanence is a double pole structure. Our results showed that the interlayer exchange coupling interaction remains finite even at 4 nm Ru thickness. The magnetic states in remanence, observed by magnetic force microscopy (MFM), are in good agreement with corresponding hysteresis loops obtained by the magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) and micromagnetic simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Parente
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pl. Ciencias, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - H Navarro
- Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Nanoscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - N M Vargas
- Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Nanoscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - P Lapa
- Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Nanoscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Ali C Basaran
- Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Nanoscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - E M González
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pl. Ciencias, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, c/ Faraday, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Redondo
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU & BCMaterials, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- IKERBASQUE. Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - A Munoz Noval
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pl. Ciencias, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, c/ Faraday, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivan K Schuller
- Department of Physics and Center for Advanced Nanoscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - J L Vicent
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pl. Ciencias, 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, c/ Faraday, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Laseca N, Morales R, Molina A, Anaya G, Medina C, Demyda-Peyrás S. 163 Genome-wide association study to identify candidate genomic regions for cow fertility in Retinta cattle breed. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv35n2ab163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Huang Y, Wang P, Morales R, Luo Q, Ma J. Map2k5 deficient mice manifest phenotypes and pathological changes of dopamine deficiency in the central nervous system. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Morales R, Lledo B, Ortiz JA, Lozano FM, Garcia EM, Bernabeu A, Fuentes A, Bernabeu R. Identification of new variants and candidate genes in women with familial premature ovarian insufficiency using whole-exome sequencing. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:2595-2605. [PMID: 36208357 PMCID: PMC9723088 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02629-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify candidate variants in genes possibly associated with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). METHODS Fourteen women, from 7 families, affected by idiopathic POI were included. Additionally, 98 oocyte donors of the same ethnicity were enrolled as a control group. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed in 14 women with POI to identify possibly pathogenic variants in genes potentially associated with the ovarian function. The candidate genes selected in POI patients were analysed within the exome results of oocyte donors. RESULTS After the variant filtering in the WES analysis of 7 POI families, 23 possibly damaging genetic variants were identified in 22 genes related to POI or linked to ovarian physiology. All variants were heterozygous and five of the seven families carried two or more variants in different genes. We have described genes that have never been associated to POI pathology; however, they are involved in important biological processes for ovarian function. In the 98 oocyte donors of the control group, we found no potentially pathogenic variants among the 22 candidate genes. CONCLUSION WES has previously shown as an efficient tool to identify causative genes for ovarian failure. Although some studies have focused on it, and many genes are identified, this study proposes new candidate genes and variants, having potentially moderate/strong functional effects, associated with POI, and argues for a polygenic etiology of POI in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Morales
- Molecular Biology, Instituto Bernabeu, 03016, Alicante, Spain.
| | - B Lledo
- Molecular Biology, Instituto Bernabeu, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - J A Ortiz
- Molecular Biology, Instituto Bernabeu, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - F M Lozano
- Molecular Biology, Instituto Bernabeu, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - E M Garcia
- Molecular Biology, Instituto Bernabeu, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Reproductive Medicine, Instituto Bernabeu, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Fuentes
- Reproductive Medicine, Instituto Bernabeu, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Reproductive Medicine, Instituto Bernabeu, 03016, Alicante, Spain
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15
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Pay A, García E, Lozano F, Turienzo A, Lledó B, Cascales A, Morales R, Ortiz J, Bernabeu A, Bernabeu R. Next generation sequencing as a potential diagnostic tool of teratozoospermia related infertility. Reprod Biomed Online 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Ortiz JA, Morales R, Lledó B, Vicente J, González J, García-Hernández E, Cascales A, Ten J, Bernabeu A, Bernabeu R. Application of machine learning to predict aneuploidy and mosaicism in embryos from in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. AJOG Global Reports 2022; 2:100103. [PMID: 36275401 PMCID: PMC9574883 DOI: 10.1016/j.xagr.2022.100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OBJECTIVE STUDY DESIGN RESULTS CONCLUSION
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17
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Fuentes A, Lledo B, Lozano P, Cascales A, Morales R, Hortal M, Palacios-Marqués A, Bermejo R, Quereda F, Escoriza JM, Bernabeu R, Bernabeu A. P-370 The vaginal microbiome in the first trimester of pregnancy is different in spontaneous versus IVF gestation. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Are there differences in the vaginal microbiome of pregnant women who had a spontaneous pregnancy compared to those who required IVF?
Summary answer
The composition of the vaginal microbiome at 12 week's gestation is different in women who achieve the pregnancy spontaneously or by IVF.
What is known already
The vaginal microbiome plays an important role in women's reproductive health, finding associations between different microbiome patterns and the presence of infertility and embryo implantation failure in IVF. Additionally, recent studies show a correlation between obstetrics and perinatal outcomes and the composition of vaginal microbiota in pregnant women, as well as an increased risk of obstetrics complications in pregnant women after IVF.
Study design, size, duration
Observational, prospective and multicentre study. A total of 64 women were enrolled between January 2020 and June 2021. Spontaneous pregnancies n = 30; and IVF pregnancies n = 34.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Vaginal swabs were obtained by speculum exam at 12 weeks of gestation in two public hospitals and a fertility private clinic in Spain, to evaluate the differences in vaginal microbiome between both cohorts. The microbiome composition was analyzed by sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA on the Illumina MiSeq platform.
Main results and the role of chance
There were no significant differences in socio-demographic characteristics between groups, except for an expected higher maternal age in the IVF cohort.
Lactobacillus was the most prevalent genus in both groups. When we compared the beta diversity of vaginal microbial by cohort a significant difference was obtained (p = 0.001).
Gardenella, Neisseria, Prevotella and Staphyloccocus were significantly enriched in the IVF group (p = 0.01).
A further evaluation of the four most abundant Lactobacillus species showed that Lactobacillus iners was dominant in IVF pregnancies (15.2%) compared to spontaneous (9.8%) (p = 0.002). On the other hand, Lactobacillus gasseri showed a lower abundance in vaginal microbiome from women belonged to IVF (9.2%) vs spontaneous pregnant group (13.8%) (p = 0.005).
These findings allowed us to create a model to identify a microbial signature. This model is able to discriminate between IVF and spontaneous pregnancies.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The main limitation of our study is the small sample size. Larger studies are needed to corroborate our findings and their relationship with important aspects such as obstetric and perinatal complications.
Wider implications of the findings
The microbiome composition is different between both cohorts. The microbiome found in our IVF cohort has been also associated with obstetric complications as preterm delivery in previous studies. This suggest that the microbiome composition could be a plausible etiology for a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in IVF patients.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fuentes
- Instituto Bernabeu, Gynecologist and Assisted Reproductive Unit , Alicante, Spain
| | - B Lledo
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology , Alicante, Spain
| | - P Lozano
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology , Alicante, Spain
| | - A Cascales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology , Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology , Alicante, Spain
| | - M Hortal
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology , Alicante, Spain
| | | | - R Bermejo
- San Juan Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology , Alicante, Spain
| | - F Quereda
- Miguel Hernández University, Division of Gynecology- School of Medicine , Elche, Spain
| | | | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Gynecologist and Assisted Reproductive Unit , Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Gynecologist and Assisted Reproductive Unit , Alicante, Spain
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Ortiz JA, Lledó B, Morales R, Mañez A, Cascales A, Rodriguez-Arnedo A, Bernabeu A, Bernabeu R. O-025 Factors affecting biochemical pregnancy: Machine learning-assisted identification. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac104.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
What variables in a PGT-A cycle can influence biochemical pregnancy loss?
Summary answer
There are paternal, maternal, ovarian stimulation, endometrial and embryo biopsy factors that are associated with the rate of biochemical pregnancy after the euploid embryo transfer.
What is known already
Biochemical miscarriage is an early termination in the development of pregnancy. Embryonic chromosomal alterations have been proposed to cause biochemical pregnancy. However, even though euploid embryos are transferred in PGT-A cycles, biochemical pregnancy rates do not seem to be modified, so there must be other factors associated with this type of miscarriage.
The classical-statistical methods used to establish the factors related to biochemical miscarriage have produced contradictory results and there is no unanimity in the literature. As an alternative to traditional methods, different artificial intelligence algorithms are being used for the analysis of biological data.
Study design, size, duration
The study design is observational and retrospective. A total of 5892 embryos from 1919 PGT-A cycles were considered (January-2017 to October-2021). Only transferred embryos were included in the study (n = 1161). The trophoectoderm biopsies on D5, D6 or D7 blastocysts were analysed by NGS using the Illumina platform (VeriSeq Illumina®, San Diego, CA, USA). The biopsied embryos were vitrified and transferred in a subsequent cycle.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Indications for PGT-A were advanced maternal age, altered karyotype or sperm FISH, history of chromosomal abnormalities in the offspring, repeated miscarriages and recurrent implantation failures.
Clinical outcomes were recorded in a database including additional potential factors (n = 48) associated with biochemical pregnancy and related to progenitors, embryos and their biopsy, ovarian stimulation and adjuvant treatments.
The association between the different variables and biochemical pregnancy was analysed using SPSS (v20.0) and R (v. 4.0.5) statistical software.
Main results and the role of chance
In order to determine which factors might increase biochemical pregnancy rates in euploid embryos, a multivariate analysis using logistic regression was initially performed. In the best predictive model (AUC=0.659) with a lower AIC (Akaike information criterion) value, only 3 factors showed a statistically significant association: uterine alterations (OR = 4.88, 95% CI [1.65-12.64]), day of embryo biopsy (OR = 2.19, 95% CI [1.46-3.31]) and mosaicism (number of altered chromosomes: OR = 1.59, 95% CI [1.10-2.22]) which significantly increased the risk of biochemical pregnancy.
To identify other variables that might modify biochemical pregnancy rates and could be missed by classic statistical methods, different types of machine learning algorithms were used: unsupervised model (cluster analysis) and supervised predictive models (support vector machines (AUC=0.845), k-nearest neighbors (AUC=0.858), random forest (AUC=0.853), neural networks multilayer (AUC=0.719) and gradient boosting (AUC=0.825).
The variables that had the greatest predictive power in the different machine learning algorithms were the variables associated with the embryo biopsy (day, number of laser pulses and biopsied cells), endometrial thickness and variables related to the male factor (sperm aneuploidy and DNA fragmentation). These algorithms apply different methodologies, but all agree on the fundamental role of these variables.
Limitations, reasons for caution
To confirm that the new identified variables are associated with biochemical pregnancy, it would be necessary to carry out prospective studies.
Wider implications of the findings
Biochemical pregnancy is the least studied clinical outcome in IVF. Knowledge of the variables that could affect biochemical pregnancy may be relevant as it may be a target for new therapies to reduce biochemical pregnancy rates and thus increase success rates.
Trial registration number
Not Applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Ortiz
- Instituto Bernabeu, Biología Molecular y Genética , Alicante, Spain
| | - B Lledó
- Instituto Bernabeu, Biología Molecular y Genética , Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Biología Molecular y Genética , Alicante, Spain
| | - A Mañez
- Instituto Bernabeu, Embriología , Alicante, Spain
| | - A Cascales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Biología Molecular y Genética , Alicante, Spain
| | | | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Medicina Reproductiva , Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Medicina Reproductiva , Alicante, Spain
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19
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Lledo B, Ortiz J, Iervolino N, Bailen A, Morales R, Castillo J, Bernabeu A, Bernabeu R. P-565 Pharmacogenetic (PGx) Gene-Drug Association in IVF: clinical relevance of a panel test for ovarian stimulation. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Could the PGx approach be useful for increasing the number of mature oocytes after personalized COS?
Summary answer
There was an increase in the number of MII in the cycle after the PGx implementation compared to the previous cycle.
What is known already
Pharmacogenetics (PGx) is the study of variability in drug responses associated with genetic differences amongst individuals. There is a growing evidence-based indications for PGx testing, but the implications of PGx test results for individual patients poses the next challenge. An efficient controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) is essential for IVF, as its success is tightly related to the oocytes retrieved. PGx for COS may provide an alternative approach to predict ovarian response, as it may help to understand the unexpected response and design a personalized therapy. We evaluated the application and clinical impact of pharmacogenetic test for ovarian response to COS.
Study design, size, duration
We conducted an observational multicentric cohort study that evaluated the results of a PGx panel test and their implementation for personalized COS between June 2016 and November 2021. The primary outcome was the number of mature oocytes in the cycle after the PGx management compared with the previous cycle without PGx approach. PGx panel test includes the analysis of S680N in the FSHR gene and CAG repeats in exon 1 in AR gene.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
We included 228 patients who underwent PGx testing previous COS and a preceding COS without PGx approach. In total 549 cycles were included. For the cycle preceding to PGx test (C0-cycle), patients followed a COS protocol according to their clinical characteristic. For the cycle using PGx approach (C1-cycle) the gonadotrophin and doses were selected according to the polymorphism S680N in FSHR gene and an androgen pretreatment regarding to the number of repeats in AR gene.
Main results and the role of chance
Clinical characteristics of patients were measured. The median and IQR of age, AMH and number of antral follicle count of the patient included in the study were 39.1y [36.4-41.4], 0.72pmol/L [0.38-1.19] and 5 [4-8], respectively. These characteristics agree with the Bologna criteria for poor ovarian reserve. The mean duration of stimulation and total dose of gonadotrophins required were similar between C0 and C1 cycles (9.25 + 2.59 vs 9.15 + 3.68, p = 0.62; 2885 + 1383 vs 2645 + 1352, p = 0.16). Differences were shown in the female age 38.4 + 4.1y in C0 vs 39.1 + 4.1y in C1 (p < 0.0001). Patients in C1 were older than their previous cycle C0. This difference is in favour of better ovarian stimulation outcome in the first cycle where patients were younger. Statistical differences were shown in MII yield (3.1 + 2.2 vs 4.2 + 3.2; p < 0.001). Regarding the differences observed in the COS outcome among the different genotypes and PGx interventions, all the patients showed a clear benefit of PGx. On the other hand, for patients that carried a number of repeats lower than 22 and higher than 24 in AR gene and NN genotype for 680-FSHR, to which no PGx intervention has to be done according to the test result, no significances differences were reported (3.60 vs 4.22; p = 0.33).
Limitations, reasons for caution
A small sample size and the inherent limitations of an observational study. A clinical randomized trial will be necessary to draw firm conclusions. More research in the genes involved in ovarian function is warranted.
Wider implications of the findings
This project represents the first effort to investigate whether a PGx test could improve COS outcomes in POR cohort. Our results suggest that PGx test could benefit the process of controlled ovarian stimulation towards a true individualized approach in clinical practice.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lledo
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology , Alicante, Spain
| | - J.A Ortiz
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology , Alicante, Spain
| | - N Iervolino
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Biology , Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bailen
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology , Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology , Alicante, Spain
| | - J.C Castillo
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine , Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine , Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine , Alicante, Spain
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20
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Eva M G, Lozano F, Lledo B, Turienzo A, Cascales A, Ortiz J, Morales R, Fuentes A, Bernabeu A, Bernabeu R. P-024 Identification of spermatogenic infertility phenotypes using next generation sequencing. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Can next generation sequencing (NGS) contribute to diagnoses male idiopathic infertility?
Summary answer
A male factor gene panel identifies pathogenic variants associated to spermatogenic failure in oligozoospermia and cryptozoospermia patients.
What is known already
In 50% of cases, infertility is due to a male factor problem. Although the causes of male infertility are heterogeneous, genetic causes account for approximately 30% of cases. Some phenotypes have been associated with specific genetic disorders such as chromosomal abnormalities and chromosome Y microdeletions. However, current genetic studies explain only 4% of cases, whilst most cases of male factor infertility remain without a clear diagnosis. Therefore, new techniques that explain the cause of male infertility are needed. Advances in NGS allowed us to study a large number of genes involved in spermatogenesis process in patients with idiopathic infertility.
Study design, size, duration
A retrospective study was performed from July 2020 until May 2021. A total of 30 patients with abnormal seminal count parameters (oligozoospermic and cryptozoospermic) were included in the male factor gene panel study. Patients carrying Y-chromosome microdeletions or abnormal karyotype were excluded. The control group included 20 normozoospermic healthy donors selected on the basis of normal semen parameters according to the WHO criteria (2010).
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Genomic DNA extraction from blood-EDTA of the patients was performed using the commercial MagMax DNA MultiSample Ultra kit and the King-Fisher automated extractor (ThermoFisher®). Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was done using a panel with 426 genes involved in the spermatogenesis process. Panel sequencing for identification of genetic variants was performed using Nextera Enrichment technology (Illumina®). FASTAQ data were processed using BWA and GATK algorithms. VCF files were analyzed using Variant Interpreter software.
Main results and the role of chance
After data analysis, we observed that eight of the thirty patients studied were carriers of mutations in least one of the genes included in the panel (8/30, 26.7%). We identified the following pathogenic variants: a missense mutation (Phe1052Val) and a deletion (Phe508del) of CFTR gene (2/30, 6.6%), two frameshifts (Asp128GlufsTer34 and Lys1299Ter) of CEP290 (2/30, 6.6%), a missense mutation (Tyr284Cys) of GNRHR gene (1/30, 3.3%), a missense mutation (Tyr416Cys) of SCN5A gene (1/30, 3.3%), a deletion (Ser83del) of NANOS1 gene (1/30, 3.3%), a stop gained in splice region Arg341Ter of TEX14 gene (1/30, 3.3%), a splicing donor c.362 + 2T>C of ESR2 gene (1/30, 3.3%) and a missense mutation (Ser321Leu) of DNAH5 gene (1/30, 3.3%), which are related to spermatogenesis failure. Additionally, some variants classified as benign have been identified, which are not associated with pathogenicity. All the variants identified are related with male infertility, affecting spermatogenesis process, such as congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CFTR), reproductive system syndrome (CEP190), endocrine disorder (GNRHR, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism), testis expressed (SCN5A), spermatogenic failure (NANOS1, TEX14 and ESR2) and syndromic infertility (DNAH5). Nevertheless, no pathogenic mutations associated to spermatogenic failure were observed in the control group.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The main limitation of this study is the small number of patients included. Further studies including a higher number of males with idiopathic infertility are warranted to confidently link the genetic variants included in our gene panel to spermatogenic failure.
Wider implications of the findings
The gene list included in our panel represents a step-forward in the diagnosis screening of males with altered sperm parameters. Our results may add in the knowledge of male factor infertility in order to provide etiologic factors towards a personalized treatment and adequate genetic counselling.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- G Eva M
- Instituto Bernabeu, IB Biotech , Alicante, Spain
| | - F.M Lozano
- Instituto Bernabeu, IB Biotech , Alicante, Spain
| | - B Lledo
- Instituto Bernabeu, IB Biotech , Alicante, Spain
| | - A Turienzo
- Instituto Bernabeu, IB Biotech , Alicante, Spain
| | - A Cascales
- Instituto Bernabeu, IB Biotech , Alicante, Spain
| | - J.A Ortiz
- Instituto Bernabeu, IB Biotech , Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu, IB Biotech , Alicante, Spain
| | - A Fuentes
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine , Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine , Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine , Alicante, Spain
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21
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Pay García A, Turienzo A, García E, Cascales A, Pedrosa A, Ortiz J, Lledó B, Morales R, Rodriguez-Arnedo A, Bernabeu A, Bernabeu R. P-532 Embryo aneuploidy risk is increased in couples with unexplained infertility. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Are chromosomal abnormalities (aneuploidy and mosaicism) increased in couples with unexplained infertility?
Summary answer
Couples with unexplained infertility show higher rates of embryo aneuploidy compared to IVF with donor sperm cycles.
What is known already
Aneuploidy is the most common genetic abnormality found in early embryos. Although there is strong evidence about the correlation between oocyte age and aneuploidy rates, the potential contribution of additional female and male factor warrants further elucidation.
Unexplained infertility is a diagnosed of exclusion affecting ∼30% of couples seeking infertility care. Recent medical evidence suggests that these couples have lower odds of having a live birth compared to their counterparts using donor sperm. Therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate whether chromosomal abnormalities (aneuploidy and mosaicism) were increased in couples with unexplained infertility.
Study design, size, duration
Retrospective analysis of the chromosomic evaluation of 700 embryos coming from 220 IVF/PGT-A cycles (March 2017 - September 2021) performed in a private fertility center. The comprehensive chromosome screening included testing for aneuploidy and mosaicism. In addition, whole and segmental chromosomal alterations were also identified and reported.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Participants were divided into two groups: couples with unexplained infertility (study group) and women undergoing IVF using donated sperm (control group). Only normospermic and normal sperm FISH samples were included. The Veriseq NGS (Illumina) platform was employed for PGT-A testing.
An SPSSv20.0 logistic regression analysis was performed for aneuploidy and mosaicism rate. The resulted odds ratio was then adjusted to account for: female/male age, previous implantation failure, recurrent pregnancy loss, previous chromosomopathies and embryo quality.
Main results and the role of chance
A total of 220 PGT-A cycles were included in the analysis (study group n = 94 vs control group n = 126) comprising 700 embryos (study group n = 313 vs control group n = 387). The female age was 38.17 ± 3.6 vs 40.08 ± 2.4 and the male age was 40.57 ± 5.0 and 25.37 ± 3.8, in the study vs control groups, respectively.
Unexplained infertility couples showed a higher risk for generating aneuploid embryos compared to IVF with donor sperm cycles [OR = 2.33 IC 95% (1.11-5.00)]. In addition, whole chromosomal alterations [OR = 2.11 IC 95% (1.00-4.44)] as well as segmental chromosomal alterations rate [OR = 1.38 IC 95% (0.49-3.86)], were higher in unexplained infertility couples, but without reaching statistical significance.
Regarding to mosaicism rate, no significant differences were found between groups: overall [OR = 0.74 IC 95% (0.30-1.83)], whole chromosome [OR = 0.92 IC 95% (0.35-2.46)] and segmental chromosomal [OR = 0.36 IC95% (0.10-1.34)] mosaicism.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The inherent limitations of a retrospective analysis. Additional studies are warranted to clarify the potential factors explaining the higher embryo aneuploidy risk in this sub-set of patients.
Wider implications of the findings
Our data suggest an increased risk for embryo aneuploidy in unexplained infertility couples undergoing ART. Since the treatment for these couples is largely empirical, our results emphasize the importance of PGT-A analysis as a potential strategy for unexplained infertility patients.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Turienzo
- Instituto Bernabeu , Biotech, Alicante, Spain
| | - E.M García
- Instituto Bernabeu , Biotech, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - A Pedrosa
- Instituto Bernabeu , Biotech, Alicante, Spain
| | - J.A Ortiz
- Instituto Bernabeu , Biotech, Alicante, Spain
| | - B Lledó
- Instituto Bernabeu , Biotech, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu , Biotech, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, gynecology , Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, gynecology , Alicante, Spain
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Cascales A, Lledó B, Ortiz J, Morales R, Castro A, Ten J, Bernabeu A, Bernabeu R. P-520 Factors associated with embryonic mosaicism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
What factors are involved in chromosomal mosaicism in human blastocysts?
Summary answer
Progenitors’ age and embryo biopsy day are associated with mosaicism rate.
What is known already
Chromosomal abnormalities are common in embryos analyzed in preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) cycles. Mosaicism is a usual event in embryos derived from IVF cycles.
With the development of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) techniques, the ability to detect mosaicism in embryos has been improved.
Several studies show that mosaic embryos have reduced potential to reach term compared to euploid. Furthermore, the existing scientific evidence regarding the cause of embryonic mosaicism is scarce with conclusions generating considerable controversy.
Study design, size, duration
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the PRISMA guidelines on Medline and Google Scholar (January 2016 to December 2021).
Studies addressing factors associated with embryo mosaicism were comprehensively analyzed. As inclusion criteria: mosaicism should have been detected from a blastocyst trophectoderm biopsy on day 5,6 o 7 and analyzed by NGS.
Embryo quality, maternal and paternal age, day of biopsy and seminal quality were the outcomes variables included for analysis.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
A comprehensive database search resulted in 195 articles, 18 of which were included for abstract reading. Search, screen, and data extraction were performed by two reviewers independently based on inclusion criteria.
The study by meta-analysis of the effect of the different factors associated with embryonic mosaicism was carried out using the inverse variance method. Depending on the existence of heterogeneity between studies, the fixed effects method or the random effects method were used.
Main results and the role of chance
After critically and thoroughly reading the selected papers, 10 of them were included in the meta-analysis. Data from our reproductive clinic were also enclosed in the analysis (2513 cycles, 7242 embryos).
The results of the meta-analysis show that neither embryo quality nor seminal quality (male factor) were related to mosaic embryo rate (OR: 1.15; 95%CI: 0.98-1.35 and OR: 1.01; 95%CI: 0.80-1.27, respectively).
In contrast, a positive association with embryo mosaicism was observed for the variable “biopsy day” (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.11): in embryos biopsied on day 6 or 7 of embryonic development, a small increase in the mosaicism rate was observed, in comparison with day 5. A significative positive association was also observed when we studied “paternal age” factor (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02-1.26): embryo mosaicism increases with paternal age.
On the other hand, maternal age showed a negative association with mosaicism (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.74-0.95). Interestingly, in opposite to what happens with the aneuploidy rate, embryo mosaicism is higher in young women.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The main limitation is the low number of papers analyzed in the meta-analysis. Limitations also include the retrospective design and heterogeneity of studies, limiting comparison and pooling of data. Nonetheless, our conclusions were based on studies with low risk of bias.
Wider implications of the findings
Our result, combined with the body of medical evidence available suggest that embryo mosaicism rate is influenced by trophectoderm biopsy day and maternal and paternal age. This information will add in the knowledge for elucidating the uncertainties surrounding the factors by which mosaicism is generated in embryos.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cascales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology and Genetics , Alicante, Spain
| | - B Lledó
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology and Genetics , Alicante, Spain
| | - J.A Ortiz
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology and Genetics , Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology and Genetics , Alicante, Spain
| | - A Castro
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology and Genetics , Alicante, Spain
| | - J Ten
- Instituto Bernabeu, Embryology laboratory , Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu , Gynaecology, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu , Gynaecology, Alicante, Spain
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23
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Lledo B, Fuentes A, Lozano FM, Cascales A, Morales R, Hortal M, Sellers F, Palacios-Marques A, Bermejo R, Quereda F, Martínez-Escoriza JC, Bernabeu R, Bernabeu A. Identification of vaginal microbiome associated with IVF pregnancy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6807. [PMID: 35474343 PMCID: PMC9042930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The factors that cause a preterm birth (PTB) are not completely understood up to date. Moreover, PTB is more common in pregnancies achieved by in-vitro fertilization (IVF) than in spontaneous pregnancies. Our aim was to compare the composition of vaginal microbiome at 12 weeks of gestation between women who conceived naturally or through IVF in order to study whether IVF PTB-risk could be related to vaginal microbiome composition. We performed an observational, prospective and multicentre study among two public hospitals and a fertility private clinic in Spain. Vaginal swabs from 64 pregnant women at 12 weeks of gestation were collected to analyse the microbiome composition by sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA. Our results showed that the vaginal microbiome signature at 12 weeks of pregnancy was different from women who conceived naturally or through IVF. The beta diversity and the genus composition were different between both cohorts. Gardnerella, Neisseria, Prevotella, and Staphylococcus genus were enriched genus in the vaginal microbiome from the IVF group, allowing us to create a balance model to predict both cohorts. Moreover, at species level the L. iners abundance was higher and L. gasseri was lower in the IVF group. As a conclusion, our findings were consistent with a proposed framework in which IVF pregnancy are related to risk for preterm birth (PTB) suggesting vaginal microbiome could be the reason to the relation between IVF pregnancy and risk for PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lledo
- Molecular Biology, Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, Avda. Albufereta, 31, 03016, Alicante, Spain.
| | - A Fuentes
- Reproductive Medicine, Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - F M Lozano
- Molecular Biology, Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, Avda. Albufereta, 31, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Cascales
- Molecular Biology, Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, Avda. Albufereta, 31, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Molecular Biology, Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, Avda. Albufereta, 31, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - M Hortal
- Molecular Biology, Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, Avda. Albufereta, 31, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - F Sellers
- Reproductive Medicine, Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, 03016, Alicante, Spain.,Obstetrics, Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Palacios-Marques
- Obstetrics, Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, 03016, Alicante, Spain.,Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, 03010, Alicante, Spain.,ISABIAL (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante), Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bermejo
- Division of Gynecology, Hospital Universitario San Juan de Alicante, 03550, Alicante, Spain.,Division of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | - F Quereda
- Division of Gynecology, Hospital Universitario San Juan de Alicante, 03550, Alicante, Spain.,Division of Gynecology, School of Medicine, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | - J C Martínez-Escoriza
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, 03010, Alicante, Spain.,ISABIAL (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante), Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Reproductive Medicine, Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, 03016, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Reproductive Medicine, Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, 03016, Alicante, Spain
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24
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Jiménez JM, Morales R, Molina A, Moreno-Millán M, Demyda Peyrás S. The effect of the Robertsonian translocation 1/29 on the fertility of beef cattle reared under extensive conditions: a 30 years retrospective study. Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 57:349-356. [PMID: 34958697 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Robertsonian translocation 1/29 (rob(1;29)) is the most worldwide widespread chromosomal abnormality in domestic animals. Previous studies have demonstrated its negative effect on fertility in dairy herds, but not in beef cattle extensively bred. In this study, we analyzed the effect of rob(1;29) in a Retinta cattle breed dataset gathered during the last 30 years. The data presented herein includes rob(1;29) analysis of 11,505 cows from 251 herds, pedigree information of 24,790 animals, and 67,457 calving records. Fertility was evaluated using estimated breeding values for the reproductive efficiency (Re), calculated as the percentage ratio between the number of calvings of an individual with the number expected in an optimal situation. Our results showed that cows carrying the heterozygote genotype showed a significant decrease in their Re (-5.10%, p<0.001). No decrease was detected in free rob(1;29) animals and homozygous carriers. In addition, the incidence of rob(1;29) in the breed fertility was decreased to very low values after 30 years of avoiding selection bulls carrier as stallions. The effect of rob(1;29) in cattle fertility is only significant when the prevalence of carrier individuals is high. Selecting against the disease only by the paternal side reduced the incidence to negligible values.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Jiménez
- CEAG Diputación de Cádiz, Jerez de la Frontera, España
| | - R Morales
- Department of Genetics, Veterinary School, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - A Molina
- Department of Genetics, Veterinary School, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - M Moreno-Millán
- Department of Genetics, Veterinary School, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - S Demyda Peyrás
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary School, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
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25
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Teran E, Molina A, Ramon M, Morales R, Pirosanto Y, Peña Rodriguez Z, Demyda-Peyrás S. 115 Sperm motility subpopulations are correlated with fertility in Retinta bulls. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 34:294-295. [PMID: 35231252 DOI: 10.1071/rdv34n2ab115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Teran
- Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (IGEVET), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Molina
- Departamento de Genética, Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Ramon
- Centro Regional de Selección y Reproducción Animal de Castilla (CERCYRA), Valdepeñas, Castilla La Mancha, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Departamento de Genética, Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Y Pirosanto
- Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (IGEVET), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - S Demyda-Peyrás
- Departamento de Producción Animal, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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26
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Ortiz JA, Morales R, Lledo B, Garcia-Hernandez E, Cascales A, Vicente JA, González J, Ten J, Bernabeu A, Llácer J, Bernabeu R. O-203 Application of machine learning to predict aneuploidy and mosaicism in embryos from in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab128.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Is it possible to predict the likelihood of an IVF embryo being aneuploid and/or mosaic using a machine learning algorithm?
Summary answer
There are paternal, maternal, embryonic and IVF-cycle factors that are associated with embryonic chromosomal status that can be used as predictors in machine learning models.
What is known already
The factors associated with embryonic aneuploidy have been extensively studied. Mostly maternal age and to a lesser extent male factor and ovarian stimulation have been related to the occurrence of chromosomal alterations in the embryo.
On the other hand, the main factors that may increase the incidence of embryo mosaicism have not yet been established.
The models obtained using classical statistical methods to predict embryonic aneuploidy and mosaicism are not of high reliability. As an alternative to traditional methods, different machine and deep learning algorithms are being used to generate predictive models in different areas of medicine, including human reproduction.
Study design, size, duration
The study design is observational and retrospective. A total of 4654 embryos from 1558 PGT-A cycles were included (January-2017 to December-2020). The trophoectoderm biopsies on D5, D6 or D7 blastocysts were analysed by NGS. Embryos with ≤25% aneuploid cells were considered euploid, between 25-50% were classified as mosaic and aneuploid with >50%.
The variables of the PGT-A were recorded in a database from which predictive models of embryonic aneuploidy and mosaicism were developed.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
The main indications for PGT-A were advanced maternal age, abnormal sperm FISH and recurrent miscarriage or implantation failure. Embryo analysis were performed using Veriseq-NGS (Illumina).
The software used to carry out all the analysis was R (RStudio). The library used to implement the different algorithms was caret. In the machine learning models, 22 predictor variables were introduced, which can be classified into 4 categories: maternal, paternal, embryonic and those specific to the IVF cycle.
Main results and the role of chance
The different couple, embryo and stimulation cycle variables were recorded in a database (22 predictor variables). Two different predictive models were performed, one for aneuploidy and the other for mosaicism. The predictor variable was of multi-class type since it included the segmental and whole chromosome alteration categories.
The dataframe were first preprocessed and the different classes to be predicted were balanced. A 80% of the data were used for training the model and 20% were reserved for further testing. The classification algorithms applied include multinomial regression, neural networks, support vector machines, neighborhood-based methods, classification trees, gradient boosting, ensemble methods, Bayesian and discriminant analysis-based methods. The algorithms were optimized by minimizing the Log_Loss that measures accuracy but penalizing misclassifications.
The best predictive models were achieved with the XG-Boost and random forest algorithms. The AUC of the predictive model
for aneuploidy was 80.8% (Log_Loss
1.028) and for mosaicism 84.1% (Log_Loss: 0.929). The best predictor variables of the models were maternal age, embryo quality, day of biopsy and whether or not the couple had a history of pregnancies with chromosomopathies. The male factor only played a relevant role in the mosaicism model but not in the aneuploidy model.
Limitations, reasons for caution
Although the predictive models obtained can be very useful to know the probabilities of achieving euploid embryos in an IVF cycle, increasing the sample size and including additional variables could improve the models and thus increase their predictive capacity.
Wider implications of the findings
Machine learning can be a very useful tool in reproductive medicine since it can allow the determination of factors associated with embryonic aneuploidies and mosaicism in order to establish a predictive model for both. To identify couples at risk of embryo aneuploidy/mosaicism could benefit them of the use of PGT-A.
Trial registration number
Not Applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Ortiz
- Instituto Bernabeu, Biología Molecular y Genética, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Biología Molecular y Genética, Alicante, Spain
| | - B Lledo
- Instituto Bernabeu, Biología Molecular y Genética, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - A Cascales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Biología Molecular y Genética, Alicante, Spain
| | - J A Vicente
- Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia UNED, Economía Aplicada y Estadística, Madrid, Spain
| | - J González
- Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia UNED, Economía de la Empresa y Contabilidad, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Ten
- Instituto Bernabeu, Embriología, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Medicina Reproductiva, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Llácer
- Instituto Bernabeu, Medicina Reproductiva, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Medicina Reproductiva, Alicante, Spain
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27
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Ev. M G, Morales R, Lledo B, Ortiz JA, Lozano FM, Fuentes A, Llacer J, Bernabeu A, Bernabeu R. P–546 Exome sequencing and preimplantation genetic testing for unexplained recurrent fetal malformations. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Could patient suffering unexplained recurrent fetal malformations be benefit of PGT-M by exome sequencing mutations identification?
Summary answer
Patients suffering unexplained recurrent fetal malformations could be benefit of the use of exome sequencing in combination to PGT-M to have a healthy live birth.
What is known already
Fetal malformations account for approximately 3% of live births and causes include: chromosomal abnormalities, exposure to toxic substances or teratogens and infections. Recently, studies have shown that several monogenic diseases are linked to fetal abnormalities. However, because of the large number of potential genes, genetic testing is challenging. Exome sequencing is widely used to detect genetic mutations and has emerged as a useful tool for finding the genetic cause of fetal abnormalities. The aim of this study was to show how exome sequencing in patients suffering unexplained recurrent fetal malformations in combination to PGT-M could lead to successful healthy newborn.
Study design, size, duration
Case report of a non-consanguineous couple with unexplained, recurrent fetal malformations. Couple were recruited during clinical consultation for unexplained recurrent fetal malformations at a private reproductive medicine clinic. The couple had two malformed fetus with the same congenital abnormalities: hydrocephalus, cerebellar vermis agenesis, cerebellar hypoplasia and enlarged cisterna magna. Patients signed written informed consent regarding to exome testing. For fetal sample, informed consent was obtained from parents.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Sample of the affected fetus were provided. Parental genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. Exome sequencing was performed using TrusightOne (Illumina®). FASTAQ data were processed through BWA and GATK algorithm. VCF files were analysed using Variant Interpreter software. After genetic counselling, PGT-M was performed using linkage polymorphic markers analysis and mutation sequencing. Embryo biopsy was carried at blastocyst stage. Embryos were vitrified and one healthy embryo was thaw and transfer in a subsequent cycle.
Main results and the role of chance
An homozygous novel pathogenic mutation c.641 C>T (p.Ala214Val) in FVLCR2 gene was found. The parents were heterozygous carriers revealing that the detected variant follow an autosomal recessive pattern. The FLVCR2 (14q24.3) gene encodes a transmembrane protein that belongs to the major facilitator superfamily of secondary carriers that transport small solutes in response to chemiosmosis ion gradients, such as calcium. Mutations in this gene are related to fetal central nervous system defects. This disorder is diagnosed prenatally and is lethal. PGT-M was recommended during genetic counselling. After control ovarian stimulation 14 oocytes were retrieved and finally 4 embryos were suitable for embryo biopsy at blastocyst stage. One embryo was diagnosed as healthy, two affected and one heterozygous carrier. The healthy embryo was thaw and transferred and a healthy male baby was born.
Limitations, reasons for caution
Exome sequencing has technical limitations: only covers mutations in coding regions and does not cover noncoding regions of the genome. It also cannot reliably detect copy-number variants at single gene level.
Wider implications of the findings: This study offers strong evidence of exome-sequencing as a new diagnostic strategy and powerful tool discovering the underlying etiology of recurrent fetal malformations and identifying new genes important for human development. Using this strategy in combination with PGT-M, clinicians can help couples with recurrent fetal malformations to have healthy newborns.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ev. M
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology, Alicante, Spain
| | - B Lledo
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology, Alicante, Spain
| | - J A Ortiz
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology, Alicante, Spain
| | - F M Lozano
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Fuentes
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Llacer
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine, Alicante, Spain
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28
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Cascales A, Morales R, Lledó B, Ortiz JA, Guerrero J, Llácer J, Bernabeu R. P–550 Clinical outcomes of mosaic embryos are similar between young and older women. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Are there differences in the clinical outcomes of mosaic embryos depending on the female age?
Summary answer
Clinical outcomes of mosaic embryo transfers are similar regardless female age.
What is known already
Chromosomal abnormalities are common in embryos analyzed in preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) cycles. Mosaicism (the presence of two or more chromosomally distinct cell lines) is a usual event in embryos derived from IVF cycles.
Several studies show that mosaic embryos have reduced potential to reach term, compared to euploid embryos. The factors affecting the implantation potential and development of mosaic embryos are controversial. Recently, Victor et al. (2019) argued that mosaic blastocysts generated at younger ages show better outcomes compared to older ages. The aim of this study was to test this hypothesis in our centre.
Study design, size, duration
A total of 136 mosaic embryos from patients undergoing PGT-A cycles from May 2014 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. The blastocyst trophoectoderm biopsies of day 5 and 6 were analysed by aCGH (n = 47, 30.1%) and NGS (n = 109, 69.9%). An embryo was considered mosaic when the percentage of aneuploid cells were 25–50% in aCGH and 20–50% in NGS. Only single embryo transfer cycles were included in the analysis.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Embryo analysis were performed using Agilent SurePrint G3 8x60K CGH microarrays or Veriseq NGS (Illumina), with previous whole genome amplification. We evaluated if clinical results of mosaic embryos transfers in IVF cycles were correlated with female age. The main outcome measures were β-hCG, implantation rate and ongoing pregnancy rate. β-hCG was measured in blood 14 days after the embryo transfer and was considered positive when it was >2 mUI/ml.The statistical analysis was performed with SPSSv20.0.
Main results and the role of chance
A total of 136 mosaic embryos were included in this study. Overall, we evaluated factors affecting embryo mosaicism implantation potential. Neither the percentage of mosaicism nor the segmental mosaicism were related to mosaic embryo implantation, pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy rates.
To evaluate the impact of female age in clinical outcomes, we established two different groups depending on whether mosaic blastocysts were generated from oocytes retrieved at young maternal ages (≤35 years; n = 62) or at older ages (>35years; n = 74).
No differences were found between groups. Nonetheless, to reduce bias, embryo quality, percentage of mosaicism, segmental mosaicism and whether the transferred embryo was frozen or fresh were included as confounding factors.
The rate of positive β-hCG was similar between groups: 45.2% in ≤ 35y group vs 54.1% in > 35y (p = 0.476). The implantation rate was also similar: 30.6% vs 39.2%% (p = 0.855), respectively. Furthermore, the ongoing pregnancy rate was higher in the >35y group (35.1%), compared to the ≤35y group (19.4%) without reaching statistically significant differences (p = 0.245).
Limitations, reasons for caution
The sample size is a limitation. aCGH test and a different definition for mosaic embryo in terms of percentage of abnormal cells was employed in this study compared to Victor et. al. (2019) study. Larger prospective studies should evaluate the impact of maternal age in the outcome of mosaic embryos.
Wider implications of the findings: Our results challenge that female age is associated with clinical outcomes after the transfer of mosaic embryos. Comparable results were obtained in young and older women. Therefore, in the absence of euploid embryos, mosaic embryos might be considered for transfer and similar outcomes are expected regardless of the maternal age.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cascales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Alicante, Spain
| | - B Lledó
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Alicante, Spain
| | - J A Ortiz
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Guerrero
- Instituto Bernabeu, Embriology laboratory, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Llácer
- Instituto Bernabeu, Gynaecology, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Gynaecology, Alicante, Spain
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29
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Lledo B, Morales R, Ortiz JA, Cascales A, Fabregat A, Ten J, Moliner B, Fuentes A, Bernabeu A, Llacer J, Bernabeu R. P–540 A feasible diagnostic approach for the cryptic subtelomeric traslocations in early recurrent miscarriage patients by preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Could cryptic subtelomeric traslocations in early recurrent miscarriage patients be diagnosed by preimplantation genetic testing?
Summary answer
PGT is a powerful tool to detect subtelomeric cryptic traslocations identifying the cause of early recurrent miscarriage and allowing subsequent genetic counselling. What is known already: Chromosome translocations are frequently associated with birth defects, spontaneous early pregnancy losses and infertility. However, submicroscopic traslocations (so-called cryptic traslocations) are too small to be detected by conventional karyotyping.. Due to balanced status, high resolution molecular techniques as arrayCGH are not able to detect it. Thus, cryptic traslocations detection is challenging. PGT is able to detect CNVs at higher resolution than routine karyotyping. Therefore, the recurrent diagnosis of CNV at embryo level could suggest a subchromosomal parental traslocation. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using PGT as an indicator of parental balanced cryptic traslocations.
Study design, size, duration
We included three couples who underwent PGT for unexplained repeated pregnancy loss (RPL) in our clinic from February 2020 to November 2020. Common established causes of RPL (uterine anomalies, antiphospholipid syndrome, immunological, hormonal and metabolic disorders) were previously rouled-out. Even couple karyotypes were normal. Twenty-three embryos from those couples were biopsied at blastocyst and analysed for CNVs detection using low coverage whole genome NGS.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
PGT by NGS was performed by Veriseq-NGS (Illumina), with previous whole genome amplification. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using parental blood samples were performed to validate the origin of subchromosomal number variation. Commercially available subtelomeric specific probes were selected according to the CNV identified and the procedures were performed according to the manufacturer’s protocols.
Main results and the role of chance
Overall, CNVs of terminal duplication and deletion that imply unbalanced traslocation derivatives were detected in the 43.5% of biopsied embryos. For couple 1, 4 out of 5 embryos (80%) carried deletion of telomeric region on chromosomes 5 and 21. Three out of 6 biopsed embyos (50%) were diagnosed with subchromosomal copy variants at telomeric region on chromosomes 6 and 16 for couple 2. In the case of couple 3, three out of 12 embryos (25%) were carriers of CNV at subtelomeric region on chromosomes 2 and 6. The size of CNVs detected ranges from 8Mb to 20Mb. Accurate diagnosis with the parental study was made by FISH. The combination of probes to detect the structural chromosome alteration were: Tel5qter-LSI21q, Tel6pter-CEP16 and Tel6pter-CEP6 for each couple respectively. The FISH studies reveal that CNVs were inherited from one parent carrying the balanced cryptic traslocation. Ultimately, the abnormal karyotype from the carrier parent were 46,XY,t(5;21)(q33.2;q21.2) for couple 1, 46,XY,t(6;16)(p22.3;q22.1) for couple 2 and 46,XY,t(2;6)(p25.1;p24.2) for couple 3. Finally, each couple performed a cryotransfer of a single normal balanced embryo. Two pregnancies are ongoing.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The main limitation of this approach is the NGS- PGT resolution. CNVs smaller than 5Mb could not be detected.
Wider implications of the findings: This study shows the value of PGT for unexplained RPL, followed by parental FISH to better characterize CNVs and identify couples in whom one partner carries a cryptic translocation. Accurate diagnosis of parental chromosome translocation can achieve with FISH only, but FISH would not be performed unless PGT showed CNVs.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lledo
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology, Alicante, Spain
| | - J A Ortiz
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Cascales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Fabregat
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Ten
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Biology, Alicante, Spain
| | - B Moliner
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Fuentes
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Llacer
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Reproductive Medicine, Alicante, Spain
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LOZANO P, Bernabeu A, Lledó B, Morales R, Aranda FI, Llacer J, Bernabeu R. O-143 Characterization of vaginal and endometrial microbiome in patients with chronic endometritis (CE). Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab127.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Could vaginal and endometrial microbiome by sequencing 16S rRNA be comparable to classic diagnostic methods or immunohistochemistry CD138 for diagnosis of chronic endometritis?
Summary answer
A characteristic endometrial and vaginal microbiome is present in patients with chronic endometritis. An abnormal vaginal microbiome correlates with the presence of chronic endometritis.
What is known already
Chronic endometritis is a disease characterized by persistent inflammation of the endometrial lining. Currently, histopathological evaluation by immunohistochemistry CD138 marker is most common diagnostic method for CE. Microbiome analysis based on subunit 16S rRNA sequencing is a fast tool that can enable the identification of pathogenic microorganisms associated with CE. The main bacteria at vaginal and endometrial level belong to genus Lactobacillus, producers of lactic acid that allows maintaining acidic pH of vagina and acts as barrier against pathogens. Investigations on the effect of an abnormal endometrial and vaginal microbiome could improve assisted reproductive technologies.
Study design, size, duration
This is a observational pilot study (60 patients and 120 samples). The study population consists of patients attending to our fertility clinic for frozen euploid embryo transfer (FET) from May 2017 to May 2019. Preimplantation Genetic Testing of aneuploidy (PGT-A) was performed at blastocyst stage using Veriseq (Illumina). The inclusion criteria to be meet by patients were: age between 18 and 50 years, own or donated oocytes and use of ICSI.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Cohort study with sixty patients undergoing assisted reproductive treatment (TRA) with their own or donated gametes and PGT-A Vaginal and endometrial samples were taken in the cycle prior to embryo transfer. The vaginal and endometrial microbiome was analyzed by mass sequencing of the V3V4 region of 16S rRNA. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using QIIME2 and MicrobiomeAnalyst packages. Alpha, beta diversity and taxonomic characterization were compared with positive and negative CD138 groups for chronic endometritis (CE).
Main results and the role of chance
Different bacterial communities were detected when vaginal and endometrial samples were analyzed in patients with and without endometritis diagnosed with CD138 immunohistochemistry. In patients with endometritis, a higher alpha diversity index tendency was found in vaginal samples (p = 0.15 for the Shannon index) and significant differences in endometrial samples (p = 0.01 for the Shannon index). In the beta diversity analysis, no significant differences were observed between the groups established as per the diagnosis of endometritis. Vaginal and endometrial samples from women with endometritis showed a microbiome pattern not dominated by Lactobacillus spp. Relative abundance analysis identified the genera Ralstonia and Gardnerella in endometrial sample, and the genera Streptoccoccus and Ureaplasma in vaginal sample of patients diagnosed with CD138 for endometritis. Comparing endometrial and vaginal samples CD138 positive diagnosed for endometritis, alpha diversity (p = 0.06 for the Shannon index and p = 0.08 for the Simpson index) and beta diversity (p < 0.001) showed significant differences. Relative abundance identified the genera Lactobacillus (p = 3.76E-4), Ralstonia (p = 8.19E-4), Delftia (p = 0.004) and Anaerobacillus (p = 0.004) in these sample groups.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The main limitation of this study is the small sample size. Larger studies including a higher number of samples are needed to confirm the different microbiome pattern observed at the vaginal and endometrial levels in correlation with chronic endometritis. The microbiome pattern has not been analyzed after treatment of CE.
Wider implications of the findings
Our findings suggest the existence of a characteristic vaginal and endometrial microbiota in patients with chronic endometritis. Different genera and species were identified in patients with and without endometritis depending on whether the sample was endometrial or vaginal. An abnormal vaginal microbiome appears to be strongly correlated with chronic endometritis.
Trial registration number
Not Applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- P LOZANO
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, Spain
| | - B Lledó
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Alicante, Spain
| | - F I Aranda
- HGUA, Servicio Anatomía Patológica, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Llacer
- Instituto Bernabeu, Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu, Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, Spain
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Deddouche-Grass S, Andouche C, Bärenz F, Halter C, Hohwald A, Lebrun L, Membré N, Morales R, Muzet N, Poirot M, Reynaud M, Roujean V, Weber F, Zimmermann A, Heng R, Basse N. Discovery and Optimization of a Series of Benzofuran Selective ERAP1 Inhibitors: Biochemical and In Silico Studies. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1137-1142. [PMID: 34267884 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
ERAP1 is a key aminopeptidase involved in peptide trimming before major histocompatibility complex (MHC) presentation. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the ERAP1 gene can lead to impaired trimming activity and affect ERAP1 function. ERAP1 genetic variations have been linked to an increased susceptibility to cancer and autoimmune disease. Here, we report the discovery of novel ERAP1 inhibitors using a high throughput screening approach. Due to ERAP1 broad substrate specificity, the hit finding strategy included testing inhibitors with a range of biochemical assays. Based on the hit potency, selectivity, and in vitro absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity, the benzofuran series was selected. Fifteen derivatives were designed and synthesized, the compound potency was improved to the nanomolar range, and the structure-activity relationship supported by modeling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rama Heng
- Evotec, 31036 Toulouse cedex, France
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Rady T, Erb S, Deddouche-Grass S, Morales R, Bouchard H, Chaubet G, Cianférani S, Wiederschain D, Basse N, Wagner A. Abstract 691: Antibody conjugated to a bispecific RNA molecule targeting RIG-I and PLK1. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Simultaneous access to several targets has become the subject of intense studies in immuno-oncology. In order to benefit from the synergies provided by the activation of different signaling pathways in immunology and the knockdown of proteins involved in cancer cell survival, we established a bispecific approach. The activation of the innate immune response by delivering agonists of pattern-recognition receptors (PRR) such as RIG-I (retinoic acid-inducible I) represents a promising strategy. RIG-I detects short double-stranded RNA molecules ended by a 5'-di/triphosphate moiety (5'ppp-dsRNA). RIG-I activation promotes type I IFN secretion and cancer-cell selective apoptosis. To obtain a bifunctional molecule, the 5'ppp-dsRNA sequence was designed to silence PLK1 (polo-like kinase 1). Suppressing PLK1 expression with small interfering RNAs (siRNA) leads to cell cycle arrest and retards cancer cell growth. This concept of bifunctional RNAs has been validated by using non-targeted systems.1
To enhance this synergy, we conjugated this 5'ppp-siPLK1 to an antibody for a specific delivery to cancerous cells that overexpress erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A2 (EphA2) at their surface. Upon binding to EphA2 receptor, the antibody is well internalized, thus making it a good vehicle to deliver the bispecific 5'ppp-siPLK1. After EphA2-positive cells treatment, we observed RIG-I specific activation as well as PLK1 depletion. Both effects were correlated with cellular apoptosis and the mode of action was further confirmed with mechanistic and kinetic studies. Finally, while non-modified unconjugated siRNA has a very short half-life in plasma, we observed an increase in stability for the antibody-5'ppp-siPLK1 conjugates. These data suggest that anti-EphA2 receptor antibody could be used to deliver a bispecific RNA molecule.
References:1H. Poeck, R. Besch, C. Maihoefer, M. Renn, D. Tormo, S. S. Morskaya, S. Kirschnek, E. Gaffal, J. Landsberg, J. Hellmuth, A. Schmidt, D. Anz, M. Bscheider, T. Schwerd, C. Berking, C. Bourquin, U. Kalinke, E. Kremmer, H. Kato, S. Akira, R. Meyers, G. Häcker, M. Neuenhahn, D. Busch, J. Ruland, S. Rothenfusser, M. Prinz, V. Hornung, S. Endres, T. Tüting and G. Hartmann, 5′-triphosphate-siRNA: turning gene silencing and Rig-I activation against melanoma, Nat. Med., 2008, 14, 1256-1263.
Citation Format: Tony Rady, Stéphane Erb, Safia Deddouche-Grass, Renaud Morales, Hervé Bouchard, Guilhem Chaubet, Sarah Cianférani, Dmitri Wiederschain, Nicolas Basse, Alain Wagner. Antibody conjugated to a bispecific RNA molecule targeting RIG-I and PLK1 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 691.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Rady
- 1University of Strasbourg/Sanofi, Strasbourg, France
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Lozano FM, Bernabeu A, Lledo B, Morales R, Diaz M, Aranda FI, Llacer J, Bernabeu R. Characterization of the vaginal and endometrial microbiome in patients with chronic endometritis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2021; 263:25-32. [PMID: 34144490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the endometrial and vaginal microbiome of women with and without chronic endometritis. STUDY DESIGN A cohort study with 60 patients undergoing assisted reproductive treatment with their own or donated gametes was undertaken. Vaginal and endometrial samples were taken in the cycle prior to embryo transfer. The endometrial and vaginal microbiome was analysed by mass sequencing of the V3V4 region of 16S rRNA gene. Bioinformatics analysis was performed using QIIME2 and MicrobiomeAnalyst packages. Alpha diversity, beta diversity and taxonomic characterization were compared between samples that tested positive and negative for chronic endometritis on CD138 immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Different bacterial communities were detected when vaginal and endometrial samples were analysed in patients with and without endometritis diagnosed using CD138 immunohistochemistry. In patients with endometritis, a higher alpha-diversity index was found in vaginal samples (p = 0.15 for the Shannon index) and significant differences were found in endometrial samples (p = 0.01 for the Shannon index). In the beta-diversity analysis, no significant differences were observed between the groups with and without endometritis. Vaginal and endometrial samples from women with endometritis showed a microbiome pattern that was not dominated by Lactobacillus spp. Relative abundance analysis identified Ralstonia and Gardnerella spp. in endometrial samples, and Streptoccoccus and Ureaplasma spp. in vaginal samples of patients diagnosed with chronic endometritis on CD138 immunohistochemistry. When comparing endometrial and vaginal samples diagnosed with endometritis on CD138 immunohistochemistry, both alpha diversity (p = 0.06 for the Shannon index and p = 0.08 for the Simpson index) and beta diversity (p < 0.001) showed significant differences. Lactobacillus spp. (p = 3.76E-4), Ralstonia spp. (p = 8.19E-4), Delftia spp. (p = 0.004) and Anaerobacillus spp. (p = 0.004) were identified in these sample groups. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate the existence of a characteristic vaginal and endometrial microbiota in patients with chronic endometritis. Different genera and species were identified in patients with and without chronic endometritis depending on whether the sample was endometrial or vaginal. There is a clear relationship between changes in the vaginal microbiome and chronic endometritis. The microbiota is a continuum throughout the female reproductive tract, so study of the vaginal microbiota could be useful for the diagnosis of diseases of the upper reproductive tract, such as chronic endometritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Lozano
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, Alicante, Spain.
| | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynaecology, Alicante, Spain
| | - B Lledo
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, Alicante, Spain
| | - M Diaz
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynaecology, Alicante, Spain
| | - F I Aranda
- Servicio Anatomía Patológica, HGUA, Alicante, Spain
| | - J Llacer
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynaecology, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynaecology, Alicante, Spain
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Antunes M, Vertuan M, Miquilin A, Pasqual Marques A, Morales R. AB0878-HPR EFFECT OF AQUATIC PHYSIOTHERAPY ON PAIN AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN ELDERLY WOMEN WITH FIBROMYALGIA. Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Fibromyalgia is defined as a chronic non-articular rheumatic disease, characterized by generalized, diffuse bilateral pain and the presence of tender points in specific anatomical regions. Its symptoms are characterized by a very varied picture and the etiology is considered multifactorial. Today, with difficult treatment, fibromyalgia has been a major challenge for healthcare professionals. Aquatic physiotherapy is currently one of the most commonly used forms of intervention in the management of fibromyalgia, and for this reason it has been used in interdisciplinary rehabilitation programs to promote health.Objectives:To evaluate the effects of aquatic physiotherapy on pain and quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia.Methods:This is an interventional, quasi-experimental study carried out at the Physiotherapy School Clinic of Universidade Cesumar in the city of Maringá, PR, Brazil. The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Unicesumar under opinion No. 1,025,567. Participated in the study, elderly women aged 60 years, with clinical diagnosis of fibromyalgia. To assess the quality of life, the Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) instrument was used and to verify the intensity of the pain, the Visual Analogue Scale was used. The aquatic physiotherapy intervention protocol was to perform 10 Watsu sessions, performed twice a week, lasting 40 minutes each. To perform the Watsu method, the following steps of the technique were followed: before starting, opening, delivering the water, dancing the breath in the water, breathing balance and to finish releasing the spine. For data analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk test was initially applied to verify the normality of the variables under study. As the data presented a normal distribution, mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum were used to characterize the results. To compare the initial and final variables, the dependent student t test was used. The significance adopted was p <0.05.Results:The study included 17 elderly women with a mean age of 67.5 ± 4.7 years. When comparing the evaluation and the reassessment, a statistically significant improvement was evidenced in the domains of quality of life: functional capacity (p=0.00445), limitation due to physical aspects (p=0.01347), pain (p=0.00861), vitality (p=0.00044), limitation due to emotional aspects (p=0.02019), mental health (p=0.00748). The domains that did not show statistical increase were the general health status (p=0.30663) and the social aspects (p=0.05037). The pain, on the other hand, was statistically less after the intervention (p=0.00059).Conclusion:Aquatic physical therapy provided benefits in reducing pain and improving the quality of life of elderly women with fibromyalgia. It is important to encourage individuals with fibromyalgia to perform non-pharmacological interventions, such as aquatic physiotherapy, to promote their health and quality of life.References:[1]Oliveira DV, Ferreira AAM, Oliveira DCD, Leme DEDC, Antunes MD, Nascimento Júnior JRAD. Association of the practice of physical activity and of health status on the quality of life of women with fibromyalgia. Journal of Physical Education. 2019;30(1): e3027. https://doi.org/10.4025/jphyseduc.v30i1.3027.[2]Antunes MD, Vertuan MP. Miquilin A, Leme DEC, Morales RC, Oliveira DV. Efeitos do Watsu na qualidade de vida e quadro doloroso de idosas com fibromialgia. ConScientiae Saúde. 2016;15(4), 636-641. https://doi.org/10.5585/conssaude.v15n4.6756.[3]Antunes M, Ferreira A, Oliveira D, Júnior JN, Bertolini S, Marques AP. There is association between the level of physical activity and quality of life of women with fibromyalgia?. Annals of rheumatic diseases. 2019;78(2)650-1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.2835.Acknowledgements:This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Lai LP, Brel V, Sharma K, Frappier J, Le-Henanf N, Vivet B, Muzet N, Schell E, Morales R, Rooney E, Basse N, Yi M, Lacroix F, Holderfield M, Englaro W, Marcireau C, Debussche L, Nissley DV, McCormick F. Sensitivity of Oncogenic KRAS-Expressing Cells to CDK9 Inhibition. SLAS Discov 2021; 26:922-932. [PMID: 33896272 DOI: 10.1177/24725552211008853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenic forms of KRAS proteins are known to be drivers of pancreatic, colorectal, and lung cancers. The goal of this study is to identify chemical leads that inhibit oncogenic KRAS signaling. We first developed an isogenic panel of mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cell lines that carry wild-type RAS, oncogenic KRAS, and oncogenic BRAF. We validated these cell lines by screening against a tool compound library of 1402 annotated inhibitors in an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-based cell viability assay. Subsequently, this MEF panel was used to conduct a high-throughput phenotypic screen in a cell viability assay with a proprietary compound library. All 126 compounds that exhibited a selective activity against mutant KRAS were selected and prioritized based on their activities in secondary assays. Finally, five chemical clusters were chosen. They had specific activity against SW620 and LS513 over Colo320 colorectal cancer cell lines. In addition, they had no effects on BRAFV600E, MEK1, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha (PI3Kα), AKT1, or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) as tested in in vitro enzymatic activity assays. Biophysical assays demonstrated that these compounds did not bind directly to KRAS. We further identified the mechanism of action and showed that three of them have CDK9 inhibitory activity. In conclusion, we have developed and validated an isogenic MEF panel that was used successfully to identify RAS oncogenic or wild-type allele-specific vulnerabilities. Furthermore, we identified sensitivity of oncogenic KRAS-expressing cells to CDK9 inhibitors, which warrants future studies of treating KRAS-driven cancers with CDK9 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lick Pui Lai
- National Cancer Institute (NCI) RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Viviane Brel
- Sanofi, Open Innovation Access Platform, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kanika Sharma
- National Cancer Institute (NCI) RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Julia Frappier
- Sanofi, Open Innovation Access Platform, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Bertrand Vivet
- Sanofi, Open Innovation Access Platform, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Muzet
- Sanofi, Open Innovation Access Platform, Strasbourg, France
| | - Emilie Schell
- Sanofi, Open Innovation Access Platform, Strasbourg, France
| | - Renaud Morales
- Sanofi, Open Innovation Access Platform, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eamonn Rooney
- Sanofi, Open Innovation Access Platform, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Basse
- Sanofi, Open Innovation Access Platform, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ming Yi
- National Cancer Institute (NCI) RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - Matthew Holderfield
- National Cancer Institute (NCI) RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Walter Englaro
- Sanofi, Open Innovation Access Platform, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | - Dwight V Nissley
- National Cancer Institute (NCI) RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Frank McCormick
- National Cancer Institute (NCI) RAS Initiative, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick, MD, USA.,UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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González-Stegmaier R, Cereceda K, Briones JL, Beltran-Pávez C, Oyarzún-Arrau A, Riquelme-Barrios S, Selman C, Yarad F, Mahave M, Caglevic C, Morales R, Aguirre A, Valiente-Echeverría F, Soto-Rifo R, Marsiglia H, Gazitua R, Villarroel-Espindola F. Seroconversion and Abundance of IgG Antibodies against S1-RBD of SARS-CoV-2 and Neutralizing Activity in the Chilean Population. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6680337. [PMID: 33644235 PMCID: PMC7901042 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6680337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. In Chile, half a million people have been infected and more than 16,000 have died from COVID-19. As part of the clinical trial NCT04384588, we quantified IgG against S1-RBD of SARS-CoV-2 (anti-RBD) in recovered people in Santiago and evaluated their suitability as COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors. ELISA and a luminescent SARS-CoV-2 pseudotype were used for IgG and neutralizing antibody quantification. 72.9% of the convalescent population (468 of 639) showed seroconversion (5-55 μg/mL anti-RBD IgG) and were suitable candidates for plasma donation. Analysis by gender, age, and days after symptom offset did not show significant differences. Neutralizing activity correlated with an increased concentration of anti-RBD IgG (p < 0.0001) and showed a high variability between donors. We confirmed that the majority of the Chilean patients have developed anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The quantification of anti-RBD IgG in convalescent plasma donors is necessary to increase the detection of neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. González-Stegmaier
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
| | - K. Cereceda
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
| | - J. L. Briones
- Haematology Department, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
| | - C. Beltran-Pávez
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Virology, Virology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
- HIV/AIDS Work Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - A. Oyarzún-Arrau
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Virology, Virology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
- HIV/AIDS Work Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - S. Riquelme-Barrios
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Virology, Virology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
- HIV/AIDS Work Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - C. Selman
- Diagnostic Units, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
- Biobank, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
| | - F. Yarad
- Diagnostic Units, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
| | - M. Mahave
- Medical Oncology Department, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
| | - C. Caglevic
- Cancer Research Department, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
| | - R. Morales
- Internal Medicine Department, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
| | - A. Aguirre
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
| | - F. Valiente-Echeverría
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Virology, Virology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
- HIV/AIDS Work Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - R. Soto-Rifo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Virology, Virology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
- HIV/AIDS Work Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - H. Marsiglia
- Radiotherapy Department, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
| | - R. Gazitua
- Haematology Department, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
| | - F. Villarroel-Espindola
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
- Cancer Research Department, Instituto Oncológico Fundación Arturo López Pérez, Santiago, Chile
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Campos-Arteaga G, Forcato C, Wainstein G, Lagos R, Palacios-García I, Artigas C, Morales R, Pedreira M, Rodríguez E. Differential neurophysiological correlates of retrieval of consolidated and reconsolidated memories in humans: An ERP and pupillometry study. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2020; 174:107279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Khalaf D, Aragón I, Annala M, Lozano R, Taavitsainen S, Lorente D, Finch D, Romero-Laorden N, Vergidis J, Cendón Y, Oja C, Pacheco M, Zulfiqar M, Gleave M, Wyatt A, Olmos D, Chi K, Castro E, Almagro E, Arranz J, Billalabeitia E, Borrega P, Castro E, Contreras J, Domenech M, Escribano R, Fernández-Parra E, Gallardo E, García-Carbonero I, García R, Garde J, González del Alba A, González B, Hernández A, Hernando S, Jiménez P, Laínez N, Lorente D, Luque R, Martínez E, Medina A, Méndez-Vidal M, Montesa A, Morales R, Olmos David, Pérez-Gracia J, Pérez-Valderrama B, Pinto Á, Piulats J, Puente J, Querol R, Rodríguez-Vida A, Romero-Laorden N, Sáez M, Vázquez S, Vélez E, Villa-Guzmán J, Villatoro R, Zambrana C. HSD3B1 (1245A>C) germline variant and clinical outcomes in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with abiraterone and enzalutamide: results from two prospective studies. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1186-1197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Lai LP, Brel V, Sharma K, Frappier J, Le-Henanf N, Vivet B, Muzet N, Schell E, Morales R, Rooney E, Holderfield M, Lacroix F, Englaro W, Marcireau C, Debussche L, Nissley DV, Mccormick F. Abstract 6425: Sensitivity of oncogenic KRAS-expressing cells to CDK9 inhibition identified by a phenotypic compound screen. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-6425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The normal RAS signaling pathway provides a primary switch whereby cell proliferation is controlled through activation of RAS proteins and downstream signaling. Oncogenic mutants of RAS genes often drive hyper-activation of cell proliferation and signaling resulting in tumorigenesis. Oncogenic forms of KRAS protein are known to be drivers of pancreatic, colorectal and lung cancers. These cancers are particularly lethal and are associated with poor prognosis. The goal of this study is to identify chemical leads that inhibit oncogenic KRAS signaling with phenotypic screen. We first developed an isogenic panel of mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cell lines that carry wild-type and oncogenic RAS. We validated these cell lines by screening against a tool compound library of 1402 annotated inhibitors in the CellTiter-Glo® cell viability assay. We identified previously known specific RAS allele vulnerabilities, confirming the biological properties of these cell lines and their utility in future screens. Subsequently, MEFs from this panel expressing KRASG12D, KRASG12V, KRASG13D, KRASQ61R, HRASWT, and NRASWT, were used to conduct a high throughput screen with a proprietary compound library of about 931,000 compounds in the CellTiter-Glo® cell viability assay. 126 compounds (29 chemical clusters and 10 singletons) showed specific activity against mutant KRAS (IC50: RASWT/mutant KRAS ≥ 5), and were selected for secondary assays including a series of cell-based, biophysical and biochemical assays, in order to prioritize and eliminate compounds with undesired properties. Finally, five chemical clusters were chosen. They have specific activity against SW620 (KRASG12V) and LS513 (KRASG12D) over Colo320 (RASWT) colon cancer cell lines. In addition, they have no effects on BRAFV600E, MEK1, ERK2, PI3K alpha, AKT1, or mTOR as tested in in vitro enzymatic activity assays. Biophysical assays, SPR and DSF, demonstrated that these compounds do not bind directly to KRAS. We further identified the mechanism of action of these five chemical clusters, with three of them having CDK9 inhibitory activity. In conclusion, we have developed and validated an isogenic MEF panel that can be used successfully to identify specific RAS oncogenic or wild-type allele vulnerabilities. Furthermore, we identified sensitivity of oncogenic KRAS-expressing cell to CDK9 inhibitors, which warrants future studies of potential use of CDK9 inhibitors in treating KRAS-driven cancers.
Citation Format: Lick P. Lai, Viviane Brel, Kanika Sharma, Julia Frappier, Nadia Le-Henanf, Bertrand Vivet, Nicolas Muzet, Emilie Schell, Renaud Morales, Eamonn Rooney, Matthew Holderfield, Frederic Lacroix, Walter Englaro, Christophe Marcireau, Laurent Debussche, Dwight V. Nissley, Frank Mccormick. Sensitivity of oncogenic KRAS-expressing cells to CDK9 inhibition identified by a phenotypic compound screen [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 6425.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lick P. Lai
- 1Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD
| | - Viviane Brel
- 2Sanofi, Open Innovation Access Platform, France
| | - Kanika Sharma
- 1Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Matthew Holderfield
- 1Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD
| | | | | | | | | | - Dwight V. Nissley
- 1Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD
| | - Frank Mccormick
- 4Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, MD
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Abstract
Plantain and chicory are interesting forage species since they present good nutritional quality and are more resistant to drought than many temperate grasses. The fatty acid (FA) profile in milk and meat is related to a growing concern for the consumption of healthy foods, that is, with a lower content of saturated FA, higher polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and a favourable n-6 : n-3 FAs ratio. Our objective was to evaluate the FA content in ewe's milk and lamb's meat fed a plantain-chicory mixture (PCH) or a grass-based permanent sward (GBS) dominated by perennial ryegrass. Eighteen Austral ewes in mid-lactation were allocated to PCH and GBS treatments. Milk samples were obtained during September (spring). Thirty weaned lambs were finished on both treatments from November to December (7 weeks), slaughtered and their meat sampled. Fat from milk and meat samples was extracted and stored until analysed by gas chromatography. Milk fat from GBS was higher than from PCH (P < 0.05) in C18:0 (11 385 v. 5874 mg/100 g FA), 9c-18:1 (15 750 v. 8565 mg/100 g FA), 11 t-18:1 (4576 v. 2703 mg/100 g FA) and 9c,11 t-18:2 (1405 v. 921 mg/100 g FA) and lower in 18:2n-6 (827 v. 1529 mg/100 g FA) and 18:3n-3 (943 v. 1318 mg/100 g FA) FA. Total mono-unsaturated FA was higher in GBS than PCH (P < 0.05). Meat fat from PCH swards presented a higher (P < 0.05) content than GBS for 18:2n-6 (46.8 v. 28.2 mg/100 g FA), linolenic (24.6 v. 14.2 mg/100 g FA), polyunsaturated FA (119.7 v. 73.4 mg/100 g FA), n-6 (65.9 v. 40.8 mg/100 g FA) and n-3 (53.8 v. 32.5 mg/100 g FA), respectively. No effect of treatment (P > 0.05) was detected for 9c-18:1 (283.9 v. 205.8 mg/100 g FA), 11 t-18:1 (26.2 v. 19.3 mg/100 g FA) and 9c,11 t-18:2 (10.1 v. 7.6 mg/100 g FA), for PCH and GBS. These results suggest that grazing a PCH mixture results in a higher concentration of PUFA in ewes' milk and in lambs' fat, as compared to a GBS sward.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rodríguez
- Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - D Alomar
- Instituto Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia5090000, Chile
| | - R Morales
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Remehue, Ruta 5 Norte km 8, P.O. Box 24-0, Osorno, Chile
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Díaz J, Gargiani P, Quirós C, Redondo C, Morales R, Álvarez-Prado LM, Martín JI, Scholl A, Ferrer S, Vélez M, Valvidares SM. Chiral asymmetry detected in a 2D array of permalloy square nanomagnets using circularly polarized x-ray resonant magnetic scattering. Nanotechnology 2020; 31:025702. [PMID: 31546237 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab46d7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of circularly polarized x-ray resonant magnetic scattering (CXRMS) to chiral asymmetry has been demonstrated. The study was performed on a 2D array of Permalloy (Py) square nanomagnets of 700 nm lateral size arranged in a chess pattern, in a square lattice of 1000 nm lattice parameter. Previous x-ray magnetic circular dichroism photoemission electron microscopy (XMCD-PEEM) images on this sample showed the formation of vortices at remanence and a preference in their chiral state. The magnetic hysteresis loops of the array along the diagonal axis of the squares indicate a non-negligible and anisotropic interaction between vortices. The intensity of the magnetic scattering using circularly polarized light along one of the diagonal axes of the square magnets becomes asymmetric in intensity in the direction transversal to the incident plane at fields where the vortex states are formed. The asymmetry sign is inverted when the direction of the applied magnetic field is inverted. The result is the expected in the presence of an unbalanced chiral distribution. The effect is observed by CXRMS due to the interference between the charge scattering and the magnetic scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Díaz
- Depto. Física, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33007 Oviedo, Spain. CINN (CSIC-Univ. de Oviedo), E-33940 El Entrego, Spain
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De-la-Barra R, Carvajal AM, Martínez ME, Morales R. Body Architecture of Holstein Friesian and Black Frison Biotypes Used in South Chilean Dairy Farms. INT J MORPHOL 2019. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022019000401444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ozeir M, Huyet J, Burgevin MC, Pinson B, Chesney F, Remy JM, Siddiqi AR, Lupoli R, Pinon G, Saint-Marc C, Gibert JF, Morales R, Ceballos-Picot I, Barouki R, Daignan-Fornier B, Olivier-Bandini A, Augé F, Nioche P. Structural basis for substrate selectivity and nucleophilic substitution mechanisms in human adenine phosphoribosyltransferase catalyzed reaction. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11980-11991. [PMID: 31160323 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The reversible adenine phosphoribosyltransferase enzyme (APRT) is essential for purine homeostasis in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In humans, APRT (hAPRT) is the only enzyme known to produce AMP in cells from dietary adenine. APRT can also process adenine analogs, which are involved in plant development or neuronal homeostasis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying substrate specificity of APRT and catalysis in both directions of the reaction remains poorly understood. Here we present the crystal structures of hAPRT complexed to three cellular nucleotide analogs (hypoxanthine, IMP, and GMP) that we compare with the phosphate-bound enzyme. We established that binding to hAPRT is substrate shape-specific in the forward reaction, whereas it is base-specific in the reverse reaction. Furthermore, a quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) analysis suggests that the forward reaction is mainly a nucleophilic substitution of type 2 (SN2) with a mix of SN1-type molecular mechanism. Based on our structural analysis, a magnesium-assisted SN2-type mechanism would be involved in the reverse reaction. These results provide a framework for understanding the molecular mechanism and substrate discrimination in both directions by APRTs. This knowledge can play an instrumental role in the design of inhibitors, such as antiparasitic agents, or adenine-based substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ozeir
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, UMR 1124, Centre Interdisciplinaire Chimie Biologie-Paris, Paris, 75006, France; INSERM, UMR 1124, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Jessica Huyet
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, UMR 1124, Centre Interdisciplinaire Chimie Biologie-Paris, Paris, 75006, France; INSERM, UMR 1124, Paris, 75006, France
| | | | - Benoît Pinson
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095, Bordeaux cedex, 33077, France
| | - Françoise Chesney
- Sanofi R&D, Translational Science Unit, Chilly-Mazarin, 91385, France
| | - Jean-Marc Remy
- Sanofi R&D, Translational Science Unit, Chilly-Mazarin, 91385, France
| | - Abdul Rauf Siddiqi
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Roland Lupoli
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, UMR 1124, Centre Interdisciplinaire Chimie Biologie-Paris, Paris, 75006, France; INSERM, UMR 1124, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Grégory Pinon
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, UMR 1124, Centre Interdisciplinaire Chimie Biologie-Paris, Paris, 75006, France; INSERM, UMR 1124, Paris, 75006, France; Université Paris Descartes, Structural and Molecular Analysis Platform, Paris, 75006, France
| | - Christelle Saint-Marc
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095, Bordeaux cedex, 33077, France
| | | | - Renaud Morales
- Sanofi R&D, Translational Science Unit, Chilly-Mazarin, 91385, France
| | - Irène Ceballos-Picot
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolomique et Protéomique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, 75006, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, UMR 1124, Centre Interdisciplinaire Chimie Biologie-Paris, Paris, 75006, France; INSERM, UMR 1124, Paris, 75006, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolomique et Protéomique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, 75006, France
| | - Bertrand Daignan-Fornier
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, CNRS UMR 5095, Bordeaux cedex, 33077, France
| | | | - Franck Augé
- Sanofi R&D, Translational Science Unit, Chilly-Mazarin, 91385, France.
| | - Pierre Nioche
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, UMR 1124, Centre Interdisciplinaire Chimie Biologie-Paris, Paris, 75006, France; INSERM, UMR 1124, Paris, 75006, France; Université Paris Descartes, Structural and Molecular Analysis Platform, Paris, 75006, France.
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Arjona-Sanchez A, Rodriguez-Ortiz L, Baratti D, Schneider MA, Gutiérrez-Calvo A, García-Fadrique A, Tuynman JB, Cascales-Campos PA, Martín VC, Morales R, Salti GI, Arteaga X, Pacheco D, Alonso-Gomez J, Yalkin O, Villarejo-Campos P, Sanchez-Hidalgo JM, Casado-Adam A, Cosano-Alvarez A, Rufian-Peña S, Briceño J. RAS Mutation Decreases Overall Survival After Optimal Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy of Colorectal Peritoneal Metastasis: A Modification Proposal of the Peritoneal Surface Disease Severity Score. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:2595-2604. [PMID: 31111351 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-019-07378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) are currently the most accepted treatment for peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer. Restrictive selection criteria are essential to obtain the best survival benefits for this complex procedure. The most widespread score for patient selection, the peritoneal surface disease severity score (PSDSS), does not include current biological factors that are known to influence on prognosis. We investigated the impact of including RAS mutational status in the selection criteria for these patients. METHODS We studied the risk factors for survival by multivariate analysis using a prospective database of consecutive patients with carcinomatosis from colorectal origin treated by CRS and HIPEC in our unit from 2009 to 2017. The risk factors obtained were validated in a multicentre, international cohort, including a total of 520 patients from 15 different reference units. RESULTS A total of 77 patients were selected for local análisis. Only RAS mutational status (HR: 2.024; p = 0.045) and PSDSS stage (HR: 2.90; p = 0.009) were shown to be independent factors for overall survival. Early PSDSS stages I and II associated to RAS mutations impaired their overall survival with no significant differences with PSDSS stage III overall survival (p > 0.05). These results were supported by the international multicentre validation. CONCLUSIONS By including RAS mutational status, we propose an updated RAS-PSDSS score that outperforms PSDSS alone providing a quick and feasible preoperative assessment of the expected overall survival for patients with carcinomatosis from colorectal origin undergone to CRS + HIPEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arjona-Sanchez
- Oncologic and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University Hospital Reina Sofıa, Córdoba, Spain. .,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, University Hospital Reina Sofıa, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - L Rodriguez-Ortiz
- Oncologic and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University Hospital Reina Sofıa, Córdoba, Spain
| | - D Baratti
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancy Program, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Instituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - M A Schneider
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Gutiérrez-Calvo
- Surgery Department, Unit of Peritoneal Oncologic Surgery, Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - A García-Fadrique
- Department of Surgery, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, Spain
| | - J B Tuynman
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P A Cascales-Campos
- Departamento De Cirugía General, Unidad De Cirugía De La Carcinomatosis Peritoneal, Virgen De La Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - V Concepción Martín
- Unit of Peritoneal Oncologic Surgery and Colorectal Surgery, Hospital University Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Unit of Oncologic and Pancreatic Surgery, Hospital Son Spaces, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - G I Salti
- Division of Surgical Oncology, The University of Illinois at Chicago Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - X Arteaga
- Department of Surgery, Donostia Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - D Pacheco
- Gastroenterology Service, Liver Transplantation Unit, Rio Hortega Hospital, Valladolid, Spain
| | - J Alonso-Gomez
- Department of Surgery, H.U. Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Canarias, Spain
| | - O Yalkin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - P Villarejo-Campos
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospital Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - J M Sanchez-Hidalgo
- Oncologic and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University Hospital Reina Sofıa, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, University Hospital Reina Sofıa, Córdoba, Spain
| | - A Casado-Adam
- Oncologic and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University Hospital Reina Sofıa, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, University Hospital Reina Sofıa, Córdoba, Spain
| | - A Cosano-Alvarez
- Oncologic and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University Hospital Reina Sofıa, Córdoba, Spain
| | - S Rufian-Peña
- Oncologic and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University Hospital Reina Sofıa, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, University Hospital Reina Sofıa, Córdoba, Spain
| | - J Briceño
- Oncologic and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, University Hospital Reina Sofıa, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), University of Cordoba, University Hospital Reina Sofıa, Córdoba, Spain
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Ungerfeld E, Urrutia N, Vásconez-Montúfar C, Morales R. Factors associated with the content of mammary-synthesized fatty acids in milk fat: A meta-analysis. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:4105-4117. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Leigh Y, De Elia C, Krishna M, Taylor L, Morales R, Kellogg B, Salvatore F. SIMULATION TRAINING FOR RESIDENTS AND RESPIRATORY THERAPIST ON MECHANICAL VENTILATION. Chest 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.02.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Vasquez DS, Maldonado X, Altabas M, Moreno D, Micó S, Raventós C, Lozano F, Morales R, Giralt J. EP-1592 Consolidative radiotherapy after loco regional relapse in muscle invasive bladder cancer. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)32012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lledo B, Ortiz JA, Morales R, García-Hernández E, Ten J, Bernabeu A, Llácer J, Bernabeu R. Comprehensive mitochondrial DNA analysis and IVF outcome. Hum Reprod Open 2018; 2018:hoy023. [PMID: 30895263 PMCID: PMC6396640 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoy023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and heteroplasmy in human embryos affect the ongoing pregnancy rate? SUMMARY ANSWER Our study suggests that mtDNA copy number above a specific threshold is associated with the ongoing pregnancy rate. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Mitochondria play a vital role in cell function. Recently, there has been increasing research on mtDNA as a biomarker of embryo implantation. Although reports showed that high levels of mtDNA in the blastocyst are associated with low implantation potential, other publications were unable to confirm this. Confounding factors may influence the mtDNA copy number in euploid embryos. On the other hand it has been speculated that both mtDNA heteroplasmy and copy number contribute to mitochondrial function. Next generation sequencing (NGS) allows us to study in depth mtDNA heteroplasmy and copy number simultaneously. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A prospective non-selection study was performed. We included 159 blastocyst biopsies from 142 couples who attended our clinic for preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A), from January 2017 to December 2017. All embryos were biopsied on Day 5 or Day 6. The aneuploid testing was performed by NGS. All blastocysts were diagnosed as euploid non-mosaic and were transferred. The mtDNA analysis was performed once the embryo diagnosis was known. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Sequencing reads mapping to the mtDNA genome were extracted from indexed bam files to identify copy number and heteroplasmy. The relative measure of mtDNA copy number was calculated by dividing the mtDNA reads by the nuclear DNA value to normalize for technical variants and the number of cells collected at the biopsy. All the results were subjected to a mathematical correction factor according to the embryo genome. Heteroplasmy was assigned by MitoSeek. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The mean average copy number and SD of mtDNA per genome was 0.0016 ± 0.0012. Regarding heteroplasmy, 40 embryos were heteroplasmy carriers (26.32%). MtDNA variants were detected in coding and non-coding regions and the highest number of variants in an embryo was eight. With respect to IVF outcome for mtDNA copy number analysis, we set a threshold of 0.003 for the following analysis. The vast majority of the embryos were below the threshold (142/159, 89.31%) and 17 embryos were classified as having higher mtDNA levels. We showed a reduction in ongoing pregnancy rate associated with elevated mtDNA copy number (42.96% versus 17.65%, P < 0.05). This result was independent of maternal age and day of the biopsy: these factors were included as confounding factors because mtDNA copy number was negatively correlated with female age (25 –30 y: 0.0017 ± 0.0011, 30 –35 y: 0.0012 ± 0.0007, 35 –40 y: 0.0016 ± 0.0009, over 40 y: 0.0024 + 0.0017, P < 0.05). Embryos biopsied on Day 5 were more likely to have higher quantities of mtDNA compared with those biopsied on Day 6 (0.0017 versus 0.0009, P < 0.001). According to IVF outcome and heteroplasmy, a lower ongoing pregnancy rate was reported for embryos that carried more than two variants. However, this did not reach statistical significance when we compared embryos with a number of variants lower or higher than two (39.15 versus 20.0, P = 0.188). Finally, a clear positive association between the mtDNA variants and copy number was reported when we compare embryos with or without heteroplasmy (0.0013 ± 0.0009 versus 0.0025 ± 0.0014, P < 0.001) and among different numbers of variants (0:0.0013 ± 0.0009, 1–2:0.0023 ± 0.0012, >2:0.0043 ± 0.0014, P < 0.05). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION A limitation may be the size of the sample and the high-throughput sequencing technology that might not have detected heteroplasmy levels below 2% which requires high sequence depth A clinical randomized trial comparing the clinical outcome after the transfer of embryos selected according to mtDNA levels or only by morphological evaluation will be necessary. More research into the impact of mtDNA heteroplasmy and copy number on IVF outcome is needed. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our results demonstrate that embryos with elevated mtDNA copy number have a lower chance of producing an ongoing pregnancy. MtDNA copy number is higher in older women and is dependent upon the number of cell divisions that preceded biopsy. Moreover, our data suggest that mitochondrial activity could be a balance between functional capacity and relative mtDNA copy number. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) There are no conflicts of interest or sources of funding to declare. Trial registration number Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lledo
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, 03016 Alicante, Spain
| | - J A Ortiz
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, 03016 Alicante, Spain
| | - R Morales
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, 03016 Alicante, Spain
| | | | - J Ten
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, Spain
| | - A Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, 03016 Alicante, Spain
| | - J Llácer
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu Biotech, 03016 Alicante, Spain.,Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, Spain
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Morales R, Subiabre I, Lara J, Larraín R, Sales F. PSIX-35 Finishing feeding strategies for dairy steers based on summer turnip and their effects on beef quality produced in south Chile. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Morales
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias,Osorno, Chile
| | - I Subiabre
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias,Osorno, Chile
| | - J Lara
- Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.,Santiago, Chile
| | - R Larraín
- Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.,Santiago, Chile
| | - F Sales
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Punta Arenas, Chile, Punta Arena, Chile
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