1
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Yu JR, LeRoy G, Bready D, Frenster JD, Saldaña-Meyer R, Jin Y, Descostes N, Stafford JM, Placantonakis DG, Reinberg D. The H3K36me2 writer-reader dependency in H3K27M-DIPG. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabg7444. [PMID: 34261657 PMCID: PMC8279504 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg7444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Histone H3K27M is a driving mutation in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), a deadly pediatric brain tumor. H3K27M reshapes the epigenome through a global inhibition of PRC2 catalytic activity and displacement of H3K27me2/3, promoting oncogenesis of DIPG. As a consequence, a histone modification H3K36me2, antagonistic to H3K27me2/3, is aberrantly elevated. Here, we investigate the role of H3K36me2 in H3K27M-DIPG by tackling its upstream catalyzing enzymes (writers) and downstream binding factors (readers). We determine that NSD1 and NSD2 are the key writers for H3K36me2. Loss of NSD1/2 in H3K27M-DIPG impedes cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis by disrupting tumor-promoting transcriptional programs. Further, we demonstrate that LEDGF and HDGF2 are the main readers mediating the protumorigenic effects downstream of NSD1/2-H3K36me2. Treatment with a chemically modified peptide mimicking endogenous H3K36me2 dislodges LEDGF/HDGF2 from chromatin and specifically inhibits the proliferation of H3K27M-DIPG. Our results indicate a functional pathway of NSD1/2-H3K36me2-LEDGF/HDGF2 as an acquired dependency in H3K27M-DIPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ray Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gary LeRoy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Devin Bready
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua D Frenster
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ricardo Saldaña-Meyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ying Jin
- Shared Bioinformatics Core Cancer Center, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Nicolas Descostes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- EMBL Rome, Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Rome, Italy
| | - James M Stafford
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Dimitris G Placantonakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Brain and Spine Tumor Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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2
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Escobar TM, Oksuz O, Saldaña-Meyer R, Descostes N, Bonasio R, Reinberg D. Active and Repressed Chromatin Domains Exhibit Distinct Nucleosome Segregation during DNA Replication. Cell 2020; 179:953-963.e11. [PMID: 31675501 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chromatin domains and their associated structures must be faithfully inherited through cellular division to maintain cellular identity. However, accessing the localized strategies preserving chromatin domain inheritance, specifically the transfer of parental, pre-existing nucleosomes with their associated post-translational modifications (PTMs) during DNA replication, is challenging in living cells. We devised an inducible, proximity-dependent labeling system to irreversibly mark replication-dependent H3.1 and H3.2 histone-containing nucleosomes at desired loci in mouse embryonic stem cells so that their fate after DNA replication could be followed. Strikingly, repressed chromatin domains are preserved through local re-deposition of parental nucleosomes. In contrast, nucleosomes decorating active chromatin domains do not exhibit such preservation. Notably, altering cell fate leads to an adjustment of the positional inheritance of parental nucleosomes that reflects the corresponding changes in chromatin structure. These findings point to important mechanisms that contribute to parental nucleosome segregation to preserve cellular identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thelma M Escobar
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ozgur Oksuz
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ricardo Saldaña-Meyer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Nicolas Descostes
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Roberto Bonasio
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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3
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Hansen AS, Hsieh THS, Cattoglio C, Pustova I, Saldaña-Meyer R, Reinberg D, Darzacq X, Tjian R. Distinct Classes of Chromatin Loops Revealed by Deletion of an RNA-Binding Region in CTCF. Mol Cell 2019; 76:395-411.e13. [PMID: 31522987 PMCID: PMC7251926 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian genomes are folded into topologically associating domains (TADs), consisting of chromatin loops anchored by CTCF and cohesin. Some loops are cell-type specific. Here we asked whether CTCF loops are established by a universal or locus-specific mechanism. Investigating the molecular determinants of CTCF clustering, we found that CTCF self-association in vitro is RNase sensitive and that an internal RNA-binding region (RBRi) mediates CTCF clustering and RNA interaction in vivo. Strikingly, deleting the RBRi impairs about half of all chromatin loops in mESCs and causes deregulation of gene expression. Disrupted loop formation correlates with diminished clustering and chromatin binding of RBRi mutant CTCF, which in turn results in a failure to halt cohesin-mediated extrusion. Thus, CTCF loops fall into at least two classes: RBRi-independent and RBRi-dependent loops. We speculate that evidence for RBRi-dependent loops may provide a molecular mechanism for establishing cell-specific CTCF loops, potentially regulated by RNA(s) or other RBRi-interacting partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders S Hansen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Li Ka Shing Center for Biomedical and Health Sciences, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; CIRM Center of Excellence, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Tsung-Han S Hsieh
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Li Ka Shing Center for Biomedical and Health Sciences, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; CIRM Center of Excellence, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Claudia Cattoglio
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Li Ka Shing Center for Biomedical and Health Sciences, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; CIRM Center of Excellence, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Iryna Pustova
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Li Ka Shing Center for Biomedical and Health Sciences, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; CIRM Center of Excellence, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ricardo Saldaña-Meyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Xavier Darzacq
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Li Ka Shing Center for Biomedical and Health Sciences, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; CIRM Center of Excellence, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Robert Tjian
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Li Ka Shing Center for Biomedical and Health Sciences, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; CIRM Center of Excellence, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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4
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Saldaña-Meyer R, Rodriguez-Hernaez J, Escobar T, Nishana M, Jácome-López K, Nora EP, Bruneau BG, Tsirigos A, Furlan-Magaril M, Skok J, Reinberg D. RNA Interactions Are Essential for CTCF-Mediated Genome Organization. Mol Cell 2019; 76:412-422.e5. [PMID: 31522988 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The function of the CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) in the organization of the genome has become an important area of investigation, but the mechanisms by which CTCF dynamically contributes to genome organization are not clear. We previously discovered that CTCF binds to large numbers of endogenous RNAs, promoting its self-association. In this regard, we now report two independent features that disrupt CTCF association with chromatin: inhibition of transcription and disruption of CTCF-RNA interactions through mutations of 2 of its 11 zinc fingers that are not required for CTCF binding to its cognate DNA site: zinc finger 1 (ZF1) or zinc finger 10 (ZF10). These mutations alter gene expression profiles as CTCF mutants lose their ability to form chromatin loops and thus the ability to insulate chromatin domains and to mediate CTCF long-range genomic interactions. Our results point to the importance of CTCF-mediated RNA interactions as a structural component of genome organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Saldaña-Meyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYULSoM, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | - Thelma Escobar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYULSoM, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Karina Jácome-López
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elphege P Nora
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Benoit G Bruneau
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology, NYULSoM, New York, NY, USA; Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mayra Furlan-Magaril
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jane Skok
- Department of Pathology, NYULSoM, New York, NY, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYULSoM, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
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5
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Lee CH, Yu JR, Granat J, Saldaña-Meyer R, Andrade J, LeRoy G, Jin Y, Lund P, Stafford JM, Garcia BA, Ueberheide B, Reinberg D. Automethylation of PRC2 promotes H3K27 methylation and is impaired in H3K27M pediatric glioma. Genes Dev 2019; 33:1428-1440. [PMID: 31488577 PMCID: PMC6771381 DOI: 10.1101/gad.328773.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Lee et al. use both in vitro and in vivo approaches to elucidate the regulation of PRC2. They demonstrate a novel PRC2 self-regulatory mechanism through its EZH1/2-mediated automethylation activity. The histone methyltransferase activity of PRC2 is central to the formation of H3K27me3-decorated facultative heterochromatin and gene silencing. In addition, PRC2 has been shown to automethylate its core subunits, EZH1/EZH2 and SUZ12. Here, we identify the lysine residues at which EZH1/EZH2 are automethylated with EZH2-K510 and EZH2-K514 being the major such sites in vivo. Automethylated EZH2/PRC2 exhibits a higher level of histone methyltransferase activity and is required for attaining proper cellular levels of H3K27me3. While occurring independently of PRC2 recruitment to chromatin, automethylation promotes PRC2 accessibility to the histone H3 tail. Intriguingly, EZH2 automethylation is significantly reduced in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) cells that carry a lysine-to-methionine substitution in histone H3 (H3K27M), but not in cells that carry either EZH2 or EED mutants that abrogate PRC2 allosteric activation, indicating that H3K27M impairs the intrinsic activity of PRC2. Our study demonstrates a PRC2 self-regulatory mechanism through its EZH1/2-mediated automethylation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Hwan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Jia-Ray Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Jeffrey Granat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Ricardo Saldaña-Meyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Joshua Andrade
- Proteomics Laboratory, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Gary LeRoy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Ying Jin
- Shared Bioinformatics Core, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
| | - Peder Lund
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - James M Stafford
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Beatrix Ueberheide
- Proteomics Laboratory, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
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6
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Stafford JM, Lee CH, Voigt P, Descostes N, Saldaña-Meyer R, Yu JR, Leroy G, Oksuz O, Chapman JR, Suarez F, Modrek AS, Bayin NS, Placantonakis DG, Karajannis MA, Snuderl M, Ueberheide B, Reinberg D. Multiple modes of PRC2 inhibition elicit global chromatin alterations in H3K27M pediatric glioma. Sci Adv 2018; 4:eaau5935. [PMID: 30402543 PMCID: PMC6209383 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau5935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A methionine substitution at lysine-27 on histone H3 variants (H3K27M) characterizes ~80% of diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) and inhibits polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) in a dominant-negative fashion. Yet, the mechanisms for this inhibition and abnormal epigenomic landscape have not been resolved. Using quantitative proteomics, we discovered that robust PRC2 inhibition requires levels of H3K27M greatly exceeding those of PRC2, seen in DIPG. While PRC2 inhibition requires interaction with H3K27M, we found that this interaction on chromatin is transient, with PRC2 largely being released from H3K27M. Unexpectedly, inhibition persisted even after PRC2 dissociated from H3K27M-containing chromatin, suggesting a lasting impact on PRC2. Furthermore, allosterically activated PRC2 is particularly sensitive to H3K27M, leading to the failure to spread H3K27me from PRC2 recruitment sites and consequently abrogating PRC2's ability to establish H3K27me2-3 repressive chromatin domains. In turn, levels of polycomb antagonists such as H3K36me2 are elevated, suggesting a more global, downstream effect on the epigenome. Together, these findings reveal the conditions required for H3K27M-mediated PRC2 inhibition and reconcile seemingly paradoxical effects of H3K27M on PRC2 recruitment and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M. Stafford
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Chul-Hwan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Philipp Voigt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicolas Descostes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Ricardo Saldaña-Meyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Jia-Ray Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Gary Leroy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Ozgur Oksuz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | | | - Fernando Suarez
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aram S. Modrek
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
| | - N. Sumru Bayin
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dimitris G. Placantonakis
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthias A. Karajannis
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beatrix Ueberheide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Proteomics Laboratory, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYUSoM, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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7
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Lee CH, Holder M, Grau D, Saldaña-Meyer R, Yu JR, Ganai RA, Zhang J, Wang M, LeRoy G, Dobenecker MW, Reinberg D, Armache KJ. Distinct Stimulatory Mechanisms Regulate the Catalytic Activity of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2. Mol Cell 2018; 70:435-448.e5. [PMID: 29681498 PMCID: PMC5949877 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of gene expression patterns during metazoan development is achieved, in part, by the actions of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). PRC2 catalyzes mono-, di-, and trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27), with H3K27me2/3 being strongly associated with silenced genes. We demonstrate that EZH1 and EZH2, the two mutually exclusive catalytic subunits of PRC2, are differentially activated by various mechanisms. Whereas both PRC2-EZH1 and PRC2-EZH2 are able to catalyze mono- and dimethylation, only PRC2-EZH2 is strongly activated by allosteric modulators and specific chromatin substrates to catalyze trimethylation of H3K27 in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). However, we also show that a PRC2-associated protein, AEBP2, can stimulate the activity of both complexes through a mechanism independent of and additive to allosteric activation. These results have strong implications regarding the cellular requirements for and the accompanying adjustments in PRC2 activity, given the differential expression of EZH1 and EZH2 upon cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Hwan Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Marlene Holder
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Daniel Grau
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ricardo Saldaña-Meyer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Jia-Ray Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Rais Ahmad Ganai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Jenny Zhang
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Miao Wang
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Gary LeRoy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Marc-Werner Dobenecker
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Epigenetics and Signaling, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
| | - Karim-Jean Armache
- Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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8
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Aranda-Orgilles B, Saldaña-Meyer R, Wang E, Trompouki E, Schrewe H, Tsirigos A, Zon L, Aifantis I. Med12 is an essential regulator of enhancer dynamics in hematopoietic stem cells. Exp Hematol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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9
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Aranda-Orgilles B, Saldaña-Meyer R, Wang E, Trompouki E, Fassl A, Lau S, Mullenders J, Rocha PP, Raviram R, Guillamot M, Sánchez-Díaz M, Wang K, Kayembe C, Zhang N, Amoasii L, Choudhuri A, Skok JA, Schober M, Reinberg D, Sicinski P, Schrewe H, Tsirigos A, Zon LI, Aifantis I. MED12 Regulates HSC-Specific Enhancers Independently of Mediator Kinase Activity to Control Hematopoiesis. Cell Stem Cell 2016; 19:784-799. [PMID: 27570068 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic-specific transcription factors require coactivators to communicate with the general transcription machinery and establish transcriptional programs that maintain hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal, promote differentiation, and prevent malignant transformation. Mediator is a large coactivator complex that bridges enhancer-localized transcription factors with promoters, but little is known about Mediator function in adult stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. We show that MED12, a member of the Mediator kinase module, is an essential regulator of HSC homeostasis, as in vivo deletion of Med12 causes rapid bone marrow aplasia leading to acute lethality. Deleting other members of the Mediator kinase module does not affect HSC function, suggesting kinase-independent roles of MED12. MED12 deletion destabilizes P300 binding at lineage-specific enhancers, resulting in H3K27Ac depletion, enhancer de-activation, and consequent loss of HSC stemness signatures. As MED12 mutations have been described recently in blood malignancies, alterations in MED12-dependent enhancer regulation may control both physiological and malignant hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Aranda-Orgilles
- Department of Pathology, Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, and The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ricardo Saldaña-Meyer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Eric Wang
- Department of Pathology, Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, and The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Eirini Trompouki
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne Fassl
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephanie Lau
- Department of Pathology, Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, and The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jasper Mullenders
- Department of Pathology, Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, and The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Pedro P Rocha
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ramya Raviram
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - María Guillamot
- Department of Pathology, Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, and The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - María Sánchez-Díaz
- Department of Pathology, Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, and The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, and The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Clarisse Kayembe
- Department of Pathology, Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, and The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, and The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Leonela Amoasii
- Department of Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA
| | - Avik Choudhuri
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jane A Skok
- Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Markus Schober
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology and Department of Cell Biology, The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Piotr Sicinski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Heinrich Schrewe
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology, Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, and The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Center for Health Informatics and Bioinformatics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Department of Pathology, Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, and The Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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González-Buendía E, Saldaña-Meyer R, Meier K, Recillas-Targa F. Transcriptome-wide identification of in vivo interactions between RNAs and RNA-binding proteins by RIP and PAR-CLIP assays. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1288:413-28. [PMID: 25827894 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2474-5_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive genomic and computational studies in the era of high-throughput sequencing revealed that the major proportion of the human genome is transcribed. This novel insight confronted the scientific community with new questions concerning the expanded role of RNA, especially noncoding RNA (ncRNA), in cellular pathways. In recent years, there has been mounting evidence that ncRNAs and RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are involved in a wide range of biological processes, such as developmental transitions, cell differentiation, stress response, genome organization, and regulation of gene expression. In particular, in the chromatin field long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have drawn increasing attention to their function in epigenetic regulation due to the fact that they were found to interact with multiple chromatin regulators and modifiers. Recently, techniques to study the extent of RNA-protein interactions have been developed in many research laboratories. Here we describe protocols for RNA Immunoprecipitation-Sequencing (RIP-Seq) and Photoactivatable-Ribonucleoside-Enhanced Cross-linking and Immunoprecipitation combined with deep sequencing (PAR-CLIP-Seq) to identify RNA targets of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) on a transcriptome-wide level, discussing advantages and drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar González-Buendía
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-242, Ciudad de México, DF, 04510, Mexico
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11
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12
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Saldaña-Meyer R, González-Buendía E, Guerrero G, Narendra V, Bonasio R, Recillas-Targa F, Reinberg D. CTCF regulates the human p53 gene through direct interaction with its natural antisense transcript, Wrap53. Genes Dev 2014; 28:723-34. [PMID: 24696455 PMCID: PMC4015496 DOI: 10.1101/gad.236869.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The multifunctional CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) protein exhibits a broad range of functions, including that of insulator and higher-order chromatin organizer. We found that CTCF comprises a previously unrecognized region that is necessary and sufficient to bind RNA (RNA-binding region [RBR]) and is distinct from its DNA-binding domain. Depletion of cellular CTCF led to a decrease in not only levels of p53 mRNA, as expected, but also those of Wrap53 RNA, an antisense transcript originated from the p53 locus. PAR-CLIP-seq (photoactivatable ribonucleoside-enhanced cross-linking and immunoprecipitation [PAR-CLIP] combined with deep sequencing) analyses indicate that CTCF binds a multitude of transcripts genome-wide as well as to Wrap53 RNA. Apart from its established role at the p53 promoter, CTCF regulates p53 expression through its physical interaction with Wrap53 RNA. Cells harboring a CTCF mutant in its RBR exhibit a defective p53 response to DNA damage. Moreover, the RBR facilitates CTCF multimerization in an RNA-dependent manner, which may bear directly on its role in establishing higher-order chromatin structures in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Saldaña-Meyer
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Genética Molecular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City 04510, México
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Kaneko S, Bonasio R, Saldaña-Meyer R, Yoshida T, Son J, Nishino K, Umezawa A, Reinberg D. Interactions between JARID2 and noncoding RNAs regulate PRC2 recruitment to chromatin. Mol Cell 2013; 53:290-300. [PMID: 24374312 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2013.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
JARID2 is an accessory component of Polycomb repressive complex-2 (PRC2) required for the differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). A role for JARID2 in the recruitment of PRC2 to target genes silenced during differentiation has been put forward, but the molecular details remain unclear. We identified a 30-amino-acid region of JARID2 that mediates interactions with long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and found that the presence of lncRNAs stimulated JARID2-EZH2 interactions in vitro and JARID2-mediated recruitment of PRC2 to chromatin in vivo. Native and crosslinked RNA immunoprecipitations of JARID2 revealed that Meg3 and other lncRNAs from the imprinted Dlk1-Dio3 locus, an important regulator of development, interacted with PRC2 via JARID2. Lack of MEG3 expression in human induced pluripotent cells altered the chromatin distribution of JARID2, PRC2, and H3K27me3. Our findings show that lncRNAs facilitate JARID2-PRC2 interactions on chromatin and suggest a mechanism by which lncRNAs contribute to PRC2 recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syuzo Kaneko
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and NYU School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biochemistry, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Roberto Bonasio
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and NYU School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biochemistry, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ricardo Saldaña-Meyer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and NYU School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biochemistry, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Takahaki Yoshida
- National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Jinsook Son
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and NYU School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biochemistry, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Koichiro Nishino
- University of Miyazaki, Faculty of Agriculture, Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Department of Reproductive Biology, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and NYU School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biochemistry, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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