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Gobeil P, Pillet S, Boulay I, Charland N, Lorin A, Cheng MP, Vinh DC, Boutet P, Van Der Most R, Roman F, Ceregido MA, Landry N, D'Aoust MA, Ward BJ. Durability and cross-reactivity of immune responses induced by a plant-based virus-like particle vaccine for COVID-19. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6905. [PMID: 36371408 DOI: 10.1101/2021.08.04.21261507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic evolves, vaccine evaluation needs to include consideration of both durability and cross-reactivity. This report expands on previously reported results from a Phase 1 trial of an AS03-adjuvanted, plant-based coronavirus-like particle (CoVLP) displaying the spike (S) glycoprotein of the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 virus in healthy adults (NCT04450004). Humoral and cellular responses against the ancestral strain were evaluated 6 months post-second dose (D201) as secondary outcomes. Independent of dose, all vaccinated individuals retain binding antibodies, and ~95% retain neutralizing antibodies (NAb). Interferon gamma and interleukin-4 responses remain detectable in ~94% and ~92% of vaccinees respectively. In post-hoc analyses, variant-specific (Alpha, Beta, Delta, Gamma and Omicron) NAb were assessed at D42 and D201. Using a live virus neutralization assay, broad cross-reactivity is detectable against all variants at D42. At D201, cross-reactive antibodies are detectable in almost all participants against Alpha, Gamma and Delta variants (94%) and the Beta variant (83%) and in a smaller proportion against Omicron (44%). Results are similar with the pseudovirion assay. These data suggest that two doses of 3.75 µg CoVLP+AS03 elicit a durable and cross-reactive response that persists for at least 6 months post-vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipe Gobeil
- Medicago Inc., Suite 600, 1020 route de l'Église, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada
| | - Stéphane Pillet
- Medicago Inc., Suite 600, 1020 route de l'Église, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada
| | - Iohann Boulay
- Medicago Inc., Suite 600, 1020 route de l'Église, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada
| | - Nathalie Charland
- Medicago Inc., Suite 600, 1020 route de l'Église, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada
| | - Aurélien Lorin
- Medicago Inc., Suite 600, 1020 route de l'Église, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada
| | - Matthew P Cheng
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Street, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Donald C Vinh
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Street, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Philippe Boutet
- GlaxoSmithKline (Vaccines), Avenue Fleming 20, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Robbert Van Der Most
- GlaxoSmithKline (Vaccines), rue de l'Institut 89, 1330, Rixensart, Belgium
- BioNTech, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - François Roman
- GlaxoSmithKline (Vaccines), Avenue Fleming 20, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | | | - Nathalie Landry
- Medicago Inc., Suite 600, 1020 route de l'Église, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada
| | - Marc-André D'Aoust
- Medicago Inc., Suite 600, 1020 route de l'Église, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada
| | - Brian J Ward
- Medicago Inc., Suite 600, 1020 route de l'Église, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada.
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Street, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
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Arunachalam PS, Feng Y, Ashraf U, Hu M, Walls AC, Edara VV, Zarnitsyna VI, Aye PP, Golden N, Miranda MC, Green KWM, Threeton BM, Maness NJ, Beddingfield BJ, Bohm RP, Scheuermann SE, Goff K, Dufour J, Russell-Lodrigue K, Kepl E, Fiala B, Wrenn S, Ravichandran R, Ellis D, Carter L, Rogers K, Shirreff LM, Ferrell DE, Deb Adhikary NR, Fontenot J, Hammond HL, Frieman M, Grifoni A, Sette A, O’Hagan DT, Van Der Most R, Rappuoli R, Villinger F, Kleanthous H, Rappaport J, Suthar MS, Veesler D, Wang TT, King NP, Pulendran B. Durable protection against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is induced by an adjuvanted subunit vaccine. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabq4130. [PMID: 35976993 PMCID: PMC10466502 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq4130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite the remarkable efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, waning immunity and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants such as Omicron represents a global health challenge. Here, we present data from a study in nonhuman primates demonstrating durable protection against the Omicron BA.1 variant induced by a subunit SARS-CoV-2 vaccine comprising the receptor binding domain of the ancestral strain (RBD-Wu) on the I53-50 nanoparticle adjuvanted with AS03, which was recently authorized for use in individuals 18 years or older. Vaccination induced neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers that were maintained at high concentrations for at least 1 year after two doses, with a pseudovirus nAb geometric mean titer (GMT) of 1978 and a live virus nAb GMT of 1331 against the ancestral strain but not against the Omicron BA.1 variant. However, a booster dose at 6 to 12 months with RBD-Wu or RBD-β (RBD from the Beta variant) displayed on I53-50 elicited high neutralizing titers against the ancestral and Omicron variants. In addition, we observed persistent neutralization titers against a panel of sarbecoviruses, including SARS-CoV. Furthermore, there were substantial and persistent memory T and B cell responses reactive to Beta and Omicron variants. Vaccination resulted in protection against Omicron infection in the lung and suppression of viral burden in the nares at 6 weeks after the final booster immunization. Even at 6 months after vaccination, we observed protection in the lung and rapid control of virus in the nares. These results highlight the durable and cross-protective immunity elicited by the AS03-adjuvanted RBD-I53-50 nanoparticle vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhu S. Arunachalam
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yupeng Feng
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Usama Ashraf
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mengyun Hu
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alexandra C. Walls
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Venkata Viswanadh Edara
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | | | - Pyone Pyone Aye
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Nadia Golden
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Marcos C. Miranda
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Rudolf P. Bohm
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | | | - Kelly Goff
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Jason Dufour
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Kepl
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Brooke Fiala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Samuel Wrenn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rashmi Ravichandran
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Daniel Ellis
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lauren Carter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kenneth Rogers
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - Lisa M. Shirreff
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - Douglas E. Ferrell
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - Nihar R. Deb Adhikary
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - Jane Fontenot
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - Holly L. Hammond
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Matthew Frieman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Alba Grifoni
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | | | | | - Francois Villinger
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | | | - Jay Rappaport
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mehul S. Suthar
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - David Veesler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Taia T. Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Neil P. King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Bali Pulendran
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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3
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Bruxvoort KJ, Ackerson B, Sy LS, Bhavsar A, Tseng HF, Florea A, Luo Y, Tian Y, Solano Z, Widenmaier R, Shi M, Van Der Most R, Schmidt JE, Danier J, Breuer T, Qian L. Recombinant Adjuvanted Zoster Vaccine and Reduced Risk of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Diagnosis and Hospitalization in Older Adults. J Infect Dis 2021; 225:1915-1922. [PMID: 34962997 PMCID: PMC8755259 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some vaccines elicit nonspecific immune responses that may protect against heterologous infections. We evaluated the association between recombinant adjuvanted zoster vaccine (RZV) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes at Kaiser Permanente Southern California. METHODS In a cohort design, adults aged ≥50 years who received ≥1 RZV dose before 1 March 2020 were matched 1:2 to unvaccinated individuals and followed until 31 December 2020. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for COVID-19 outcomes were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. In a test-negative design, cases had a positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 test and controls had only negative tests, during 1 March-31 December 2020. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs for RZV receipt were estimated using logistic regression. RESULTS In the cohort design, 149 244 RZV recipients were matched to 298 488 unvaccinated individuals. The aHRs for COVID-19 diagnosis and hospitalization were 0.84 (95% CI, .81-.87) and 0.68 (95% CI, .64-.74), respectively. In the test-negative design, 8.4% of 75 726 test-positive cases and 13.1% of 340 898 test-negative controls had received ≥1 RZV dose (aOR, 0.84 [95% CI, .81-.86]). CONCLUSIONS RZV vaccination was associated with a 16% lower risk of COVID-19 diagnosis and 32% lower risk of hospitalization. Further study of vaccine-induced nonspecific immunity for potential attenuation of future pandemics is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia J Bruxvoort
- Correspondence: Katia Bruxvoort, PhD MPH, Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA ()
| | | | - Lina S Sy
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA
| | | | - Hung Fu Tseng
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA,Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Ana Florea
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Yun Tian
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Zendi Solano
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA
| | | | - Meng Shi
- GlaxoSmithKline, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Lei Qian
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA
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4
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Walls AC, Miranda MC, Schäfer A, Pham MN, Greaney A, Arunachalam PS, Navarro MJ, Tortorici MA, Rogers K, O'Connor MA, Shirreff L, Ferrell DE, Bowen J, Brunette N, Kepl E, Zepeda SK, Starr T, Hsieh CL, Fiala B, Wrenn S, Pettie D, Sydeman C, Sprouse KR, Johnson M, Blackstone A, Ravichandran R, Ogohara C, Carter L, Tilles SW, Rappuoli R, Leist SR, Martinez DR, Clark M, Tisch R, O'Hagan DT, Van Der Most R, Van Voorhis WC, Corti D, McLellan JS, Kleanthous H, Sheahan TP, Smith KD, Fuller DH, Villinger F, Bloom J, Pulendran B, Baric RS, King NP, Veesler D. Elicitation of broadly protective sarbecovirus immunity by receptor-binding domain nanoparticle vaccines. Cell 2021; 184:5432-5447.e16. [PMID: 34619077 PMCID: PMC8440233 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Understanding vaccine-elicited protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants and other sarbecoviruses is key for guiding public health policies. We show that a clinical stage multivalent SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain nanoparticle (RBD-NP) vaccine protects mice from SARS-CoV-2 challenge after a single immunization, indicating a potential dose-sparing strategy. We benchmarked serum neutralizing activity elicited by RBD-NPs in non-human primates against a lead prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike (HexaPro) using a panel of circulating mutants. Polyclonal antibodies elicited by both vaccines are similarly resilient to many RBD residue substitutions tested, although mutations at and surrounding position 484 have negative consequences for neutralization. Mosaic and cocktail nanoparticle immunogens displaying multiple sarbecovirus RBDs elicit broad neutralizing activity in mice and protect mice against SARS-CoV challenge even in the absence of SARS-CoV RBD in the vaccine. This study provides proof of principle that multivalent sarbecovirus RBD-NPs induce heterotypic protection and motivates advancing such broadly protective sarbecovirus vaccines to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C Walls
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Marcos C Miranda
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alexandra Schäfer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Minh N Pham
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Allison Greaney
- Basic Sciences and Computational Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Prabhu S Arunachalam
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mary-Jane Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - M Alejandra Tortorici
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institut Pasteur and CNRS UMR 3569, Unité de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France
| | - Kenneth Rogers
- New Iberia Research Center and Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - Megan A O'Connor
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA 98121, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lisa Shirreff
- New Iberia Research Center and Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - Douglas E Ferrell
- New Iberia Research Center and Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - John Bowen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Natalie Brunette
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kepl
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Samantha K Zepeda
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Tyler Starr
- Basic Sciences and Computational Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ching-Lin Hsieh
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Brooke Fiala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Samuel Wrenn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Deleah Pettie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Claire Sydeman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kaitlin R Sprouse
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Max Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alyssa Blackstone
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rashmi Ravichandran
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Cassandra Ogohara
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lauren Carter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sasha W Tilles
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Sarah R Leist
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - David R Martinez
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Matthew Clark
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Roland Tisch
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | | | | | - Wesley C Van Voorhis
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Davide Corti
- Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Jason S McLellan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | | | - Timothy P Sheahan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Kelly D Smith
- UW Medicine Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Deborah H Fuller
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA 98121, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Francois Villinger
- New Iberia Research Center and Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - Jesse Bloom
- Basic Sciences and Computational Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Bali Pulendran
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - David Veesler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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5
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Walls AC, Miranda MC, Pham MN, Schäfer A, Greaney A, Arunachalam PS, Navarro MJ, Tortorici MA, Rogers K, O'Connor MA, Shireff L, Ferrell DE, Brunette N, Kepl E, Bowen J, Zepeda SK, Starr T, Hsieh CL, Fiala B, Wrenn S, Pettie D, Sydeman C, Johnson M, Blackstone A, Ravichandran R, Ogohara C, Carter L, Tilles SW, Rappuoli R, O'Hagan DT, Van Der Most R, Van Voorhis WC, McLellan JS, Kleanthous H, Sheahan TP, Fuller DH, Villinger F, Bloom J, Pulendran B, Baric R, King N, Veesler D. Elicitation of broadly protective sarbecovirus immunity by receptor-binding domain nanoparticle vaccines. bioRxiv 2021:2021.03.15.435528. [PMID: 33758839 PMCID: PMC7986998 DOI: 10.1101/2021.03.15.435528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the ability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-elicited antibodies to neutralize and protect against emerging variants of concern and other sarbecoviruses is key for guiding vaccine development decisions and public health policies. We show that a clinical stage multivalent SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain nanoparticle vaccine (SARS-CoV-2 RBD-NP) protects mice from SARS-CoV-2-induced disease after a single shot, indicating that the vaccine could allow dose-sparing. SARS-CoV-2 RBD-NP elicits high antibody titers in two non-human primate (NHP) models against multiple distinct RBD antigenic sites known to be recognized by neutralizing antibodies. We benchmarked NHP serum neutralizing activity elicited by RBD-NP against a lead prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike immunogen using a panel of single-residue spike mutants detected in clinical isolates as well as the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants of concern. Polyclonal antibodies elicited by both vaccines are resilient to most RBD mutations tested, but the E484K substitution has similar negative consequences for neutralization, and exhibit modest but comparable neutralization breadth against distantly related sarbecoviruses. We demonstrate that mosaic and cocktail sarbecovirus RBD-NPs elicit broad sarbecovirus neutralizing activity, including against the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 variant, and protect mice against severe SARS-CoV challenge even in the absence of the SARS-CoV RBD in the vaccine. This study provides proof of principle that sarbecovirus RBD-NPs induce heterotypic protection and enables advancement of broadly protective sarbecovirus vaccines to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C Walls
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Marcos C Miranda
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Minh N Pham
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alexandra Schäfer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Allison Greaney
- Basic Sciences and Computational Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Prabhu S Arunachalam
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mary-Jane Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - M Alejandra Tortorici
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institut Pasteur and CNRS UMR 3569, Unité de Virologie Structurale, Paris, France
| | - Kenneth Rogers
- New Iberia Research Center and Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA, 70560 USA
| | - Megan A O'Connor
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lisa Shireff
- New Iberia Research Center and Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA, 70560 USA
| | - Douglas E Ferrell
- New Iberia Research Center and Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA, 70560 USA
| | - Natalie Brunette
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kepl
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - John Bowen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Samantha K Zepeda
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Tyler Starr
- Basic Sciences and Computational Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ching-Lin Hsieh
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Brooke Fiala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Samuel Wrenn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Deleah Pettie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Claire Sydeman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Max Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Alyssa Blackstone
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rashmi Ravichandran
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Cassandra Ogohara
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lauren Carter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sasha W Tilles
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | | | | | - Wesley C Van Voorhis
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jason S McLellan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | | | - Timothy P Sheahan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Deborah H Fuller
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Francois Villinger
- New Iberia Research Center and Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA, 70560 USA
| | - Jesse Bloom
- Basic Sciences and Computational Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Bali Pulendran
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ralph Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Neil King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David Veesler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Van Der Most R. UNDERSTANDING AND ADDRESSING IMMUNOSENESCENCE. Innov Aging 2019. [PMCID: PMC6844983 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igz038.774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aging comes with an increased impact of infectious disease in terms of hospitalization, morbidity and mortality. This increased susceptibility to infection appears to be linked to age-related changes in the immune system and its capacity to respond to infection and vaccination. Importantly, this phenomenon occurs despite existence of pre-existing immune memory. The age-related weakening of the immune response is referred to as “immunosenescence”. Immunosenescence operates at several levels of the immune system and is multifactorial. Recent advances in systems immunology have shed new light on the immunological processes that may drive the age-related changes in immune response to infection and vaccination. However, gaps in our understanding still exist at basic and translational research levels. One approach to counteract this is the development and implementation of innovative vaccines against the pathogens with particular risks for older adults. The use of innovative immune adjuvants holds promise for the development of such vaccines.
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Leroux-Roels G, Marchant A, Levy J, Van Damme P, Schwarz TF, Horsmans Y, Jilg W, Kremsner PG, Haelterman E, Clément F, Gabor JJ, Esen M, Hens A, Carletti I, Fissette L, Tavares Da Silva F, Burny W, Janssens M, Moris P, Didierlaurent AM, Van Der Most R, Garçon N, Van Belle P, Van Mechelen M. Impact of adjuvants on CD4(+) T cell and B cell responses to a protein antigen vaccine: Results from a phase II, randomized, multicenter trial. Clin Immunol 2016; 169:16-27. [PMID: 27236001 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immunogenicity and safety of different adjuvants combined with a model antigen (HBsAg) were compared. Healthy HBV-naïve adults were randomized to receive HBs adjuvanted with alum or Adjuvant Systems AS01B, AS01E, AS03A or AS04 at Days 0 and 30. Different frequencies of HBs-specific CD4+ T cells 14days post dose 2 but similar polyfunctionality profiles were induced by the different adjuvants with frequencies significantly higher in the AS01B and AS01E groups than in the other groups. Antibody concentrations 30days post-dose 2 were significantly higher in AS01B, AS01E and AS03A than in other groups. Limited correlations were observed between HBs-specific CD4+ T cell and antibody responses. Injection site pain was the most common solicited local symptom and was more frequent in AS groups than in alum group. Different adjuvants formulated with the same antigen induced different adaptive immune responses and reactogenicity patterns in healthy naïve adults. The results summary for this study (GSK study number 112115 - NCT# NCT00805389) is available on the GSK Clinical Study Register and can be accessed at www.gsk-clinicalstudyregister.com.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert Leroux-Roels
- Center for Vaccinology, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Arnaud Marchant
- ImmuneHealth, Gosselies, Belgium; Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Jack Levy
- ImmuneHealth, Gosselies, Belgium; CHU Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Damme
- Center for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tino F Schwarz
- Central Laboratory and Vaccination Center, Stiftung Juliusspital, Academic Teaching Hospital of the University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Yves Horsmans
- Unité de Pharmacologie Clinique, University Hospital St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wolfgang Jilg
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter G Kremsner
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Frédéric Clément
- Center for Vaccinology, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julian J Gabor
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Germany
| | - Meral Esen
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Germany
| | - Annick Hens
- Center for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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