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Aidos L, Pallaoro M, Mirra G, Serra V, Castrica M, Agradi S, Curone G, Vigo D, Riva F, Balzaretti CM, De Bellis R, Pastorelli G, Brecchia G, Modina SC, Di Giancamillo A. Intestine Health and Barrier Function in Fattening Rabbits Fed Bovine Colostrum. Vet Sci 2023; 10:657. [PMID: 37999480 PMCID: PMC10675739 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10110657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The permeability of the immature intestine is higher in newborns than in adults; a damaged gut barrier in young animals increases the susceptibility to digestive and infectious diseases later in life. It is therefore of major importance to avoid impairment of the intestinal barrier, specifically in a delicate phase of development, such as weaning. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on the intestinal barrier, such as the intestinal morphology and proliferation level and tight junctions expression (zonulin) and enteric nervous system (ENS) inflammation status (through the expression of PGP9.5 and GFAP) in fattening rabbits. Rabbits of 35 days of age were randomly divided into three groups (n = 13) based on the dietary administration: commercial feed (control group, CTR) and commercial feed supplemented with 2.5% and 5% bovine colostrum (BC1 and BC2 groups, respectively). Rabbits receiving the BC1 diet showed a tendency to have better duodenum morphology and higher proliferation rates (p < 0.001) than the control group. An evaluation of the zonulin expression showed that it was higher in the BC2 group, suggesting increased permeability, which was partially confirmed by the expression of GFAP. Our results suggest that adding 2.5% BC into the diet could be a good compromise between intestinal morphology and permeability, since rabbits fed the highest inclusion level of BC showed signs of higher intestinal permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Aidos
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (V.S.); (S.A.); (G.C.); (D.V.); (F.R.); (C.M.B.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (S.C.M.)
| | - Margherita Pallaoro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (V.S.); (S.A.); (G.C.); (D.V.); (F.R.); (C.M.B.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (S.C.M.)
| | - Giorgio Mirra
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (V.S.); (S.A.); (G.C.); (D.V.); (F.R.); (C.M.B.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (S.C.M.)
| | - Valentina Serra
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (V.S.); (S.A.); (G.C.); (D.V.); (F.R.); (C.M.B.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (S.C.M.)
| | - Marta Castrica
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione—BCA, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy;
| | - Stella Agradi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (V.S.); (S.A.); (G.C.); (D.V.); (F.R.); (C.M.B.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (S.C.M.)
| | - Giulio Curone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (V.S.); (S.A.); (G.C.); (D.V.); (F.R.); (C.M.B.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (S.C.M.)
| | - Daniele Vigo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (V.S.); (S.A.); (G.C.); (D.V.); (F.R.); (C.M.B.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (S.C.M.)
| | - Federica Riva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (V.S.); (S.A.); (G.C.); (D.V.); (F.R.); (C.M.B.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (S.C.M.)
| | - Claudia Maria Balzaretti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (V.S.); (S.A.); (G.C.); (D.V.); (F.R.); (C.M.B.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (S.C.M.)
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Via A. Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Grazia Pastorelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (V.S.); (S.A.); (G.C.); (D.V.); (F.R.); (C.M.B.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (S.C.M.)
| | - Gabriele Brecchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (V.S.); (S.A.); (G.C.); (D.V.); (F.R.); (C.M.B.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (S.C.M.)
| | - Silvia Clotilde Modina
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.A.); (M.P.); (G.M.); (V.S.); (S.A.); (G.C.); (D.V.); (F.R.); (C.M.B.); (G.P.); (G.B.); (S.C.M.)
| | - Alessia Di Giancamillo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Pastorelli G, Benamri R, Faustini M, De Bellis R, Serra V, Turin L, Haumont M, Durand P, Bianchessi L, Prost-Camus E, Pecqueur T, Prost M. Partial Replacement of Synthetic Vitamin E by Polyphenols in Post-Weaning Piglets. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1752. [PMID: 37760055 PMCID: PMC10525264 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E is an essential nutrient usually recommended in post-weaning piglets, when a decline in the serum vitamin E concentration is observed. Selected polyphenols have the potential to partially replace vitamin E in animal feed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the dietary inclusion of some commercial polyphenol products (PPs) on the growth performance, antioxidant status and immunity of post-weaning piglets. A total of 300 piglets (BW 7.18 kg ± 1.18) were randomly assigned to six dietary groups: CON- (40 mg/kg vitamin E); CON+(175.8 mg/kg vitamin E); and PP1, PP2, PP3 and PP4, in which 50% vitamin E of CON+ was replaced with PP with equivalent vitamin E activity. The PP1 group exhibited lower performance (p < 0.05) than the other dietary groups, but a similar performance to that commonly registered in pig farms. Dietary polyphenols did not influence the IgG concentration or the IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α cytokine concentrations. A lower IL-8 level was found in the PP4 group than in the other groups. The diets that affected the vitamin A content showed the highest value (p < 0.05) in the PP1 group, and a trend was noted for vitamin E with a higher content in PP4 and CON+. The polyphenols-enriched diets, especially the PP3 diet, maintained an antioxidant capacity (whole blood KRL) similar to the CON+ diet. In conclusion, the replacement of vitamin E with all PPs enables partial vitamin E substitution in post-weaning piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Pastorelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.F.); (V.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Rachida Benamri
- Cargill Animal Nutrition, Cargill Incorporated, Wayzata, MN 55391, USA; (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Massimo Faustini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.F.); (V.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Valentina Serra
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.F.); (V.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Lauretta Turin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.F.); (V.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Marc Haumont
- Laboratoire Lara-Spiral, 3 rue des Mardors, 21560 Couternon, France; (M.H.); (P.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Philippe Durand
- Laboratoire Lara-Spiral, 3 rue des Mardors, 21560 Couternon, France; (M.H.); (P.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Laura Bianchessi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milano, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (M.F.); (V.S.); (L.B.)
| | | | - Thomas Pecqueur
- Cargill Animal Nutrition, Cargill Incorporated, Wayzata, MN 55391, USA; (R.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Michel Prost
- Laboratoire Lara-Spiral, 3 rue des Mardors, 21560 Couternon, France; (M.H.); (P.D.); (M.P.)
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Gubitosa F, Fraternale D, De Bellis R, Gorassini A, Benayada L, Chiarantini L, Albertini MC, Potenza L. Cydonia oblonga Mill. Pulp Callus Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Injured Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051076. [PMID: 37237942 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological activity of a callus extract from the pulp of Cydonia oblonga Mill., also known as quince, was investigated in murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) and human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell lines. In particular, the anti-inflammatory activity of C. oblonga Mill. pulp callus extract was assessed in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 by the Griess test and in LPS-treated HaCaT human keratinocytes by examining the expression of genes involved in the inflammatory process, including nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), nuclear factor-kappa-B inhibitor alfa (ikBα), and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM). The antioxidant activity was evaluated by quantizing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the hydrogen peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide-injured HaCaT cell line. The obtained results indicate that C. oblonga callus from fruit pulp extract has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, suggesting its possible application in delaying and preventing acute or chronic diseases associated with aging or in the treatment of wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gubitosa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Daniele Fraternale
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Andrea Gorassini
- Department of Humanities and Cultural Heritage, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Leila Benayada
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Laura Chiarantini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Potenza
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
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Serra V, Castrica M, Agradi S, Curone G, Vigo D, Di Giancamillo A, Modina SC, Riva F, Balzaretti CM, De Bellis R, Brecchia G, Pastorelli G. Antioxidant Activity of Different Tissues from Rabbits Fed Dietary Bovine Colostrum Supplementation. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13050850. [PMID: 36899707 PMCID: PMC10000081 DOI: 10.3390/ani13050850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in animal nutrition have indicated that bovine colostrum (BC), due to its content of macronutrients, micronutrients and bioactive compounds, is an excellent health supplement. To the best of our knowledge, no studies on the effect of BC on antioxidant status have been performed in rabbits. This study aimed to investigate the effect of two BC concentrations on antioxidant status and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in some tissues of rabbits. Thirty New Zealand White male rabbits were randomly divided into three experimental diets, containing 0% (CON), 2.5%, and 5% of BC (BC-2.5 and BC-5, respectively). The activity of antioxidant enzymes in plasma (catalase: CAT; glutathione peroxidase: GPx; superoxide dismutase: SOD), and the enzymes' gene expression in the liver and longissimus dorsi muscle, were determined. Results showed no significant differences, neither in plasma nor in tissues. A significant tissue-related effect has been observed regarding the mRNA levels of SOD and GPx, which were higher in the LD (p = 0.022) and liver (p = 0.001), respectively. Further studies, considering modifications of the length and dosage of dietary BC supplementation, are required to update the current state of knowledge in rabbits, as well as to fully understand the potential value of BC for possible application in farming use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Serra
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Marta Castrica
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Stella Agradi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Giulio Curone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Daniele Vigo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Alessia Di Giancamillo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Clotilde Modina
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Federica Riva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Balzaretti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, Via A. Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Gabriele Brecchia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0250-334-583
| | - Grazia Pastorelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
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De Bellis R, Chiarantini L, Potenza L, Gorassini A, Verardo G, De Marco R, Benayada L, Stocchi V, Cristina Albertini M, Fraternale D. High production of secondary metabolites and biological activities of Cydonia oblonga Mill. pulp fruit callus. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Antonini E, Torri L, Piochi M, Cabrino G, Meli MA, De Bellis R. Nutritional, antioxidant and sensory properties of functional beef burgers formulated with chia seeds and goji puree, before and after in vitro digestion. Meat Sci 2019; 161:108021. [PMID: 31809915 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.108021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The addition of chia seeds and goji puree (2.5 and/or 5%) was evaluated in terms of their effects on the fatty acid profile, lipid peroxidation, total phenols and antioxidant capacity of cooked beef burgers. In comparison to control burgers, polyunsaturated fatty acids doubled or tripled in samples containing chia seeds; polyphenols and antioxidant capacities (ORAC, ABTS, DPPH) increased up to 70% and malondialdehyde values were reduced up to 50% in burgers formulated with both ingredients. Polyphenols, antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation were also assessed after in vitro digestion. A marked increase of polyphenol bioaccessibility and antioxidant capacity was observed for all samples, but also malondialdehyde values were increased after digestion, especially in samples containing 5% chia seeds. Finally, hedonistic tests were conducted on young (18-30 years), adult (31-60 years) and elderly (>60 years) subjects and the burgers resulted acceptable by all groups, appointing to their potential application as functional burgers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Antonini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy.
| | - Luisa Torri
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele 9, 12060 Bra (CN), Italy
| | - Maria Piochi
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele 9, 12060 Bra (CN), Italy
| | - Giorgia Cabrino
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele 9, 12060 Bra (CN), Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Meli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy
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De Bellis R, Piacentini MP, Meli MA, Mattioli M, Menotta M, Mari M, Valentini L, Palomba L, Desideri D, Chiarantini L. In vitro effects on calcium oxalate crystallization kinetics and crystal morphology of an aqueous extract from Ceterach officinarum: Analysis of a potential antilithiatic mechanism. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218734. [PMID: 31238335 PMCID: PMC6592703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceterach officinarum Willd is a plant widespread throughout Europe and used in southern Italy as a diuretic. Beliefs in the benefits of C. officinarum aqueous extract in the treatment of calcium oxalate kidney stones are widely held. Little is known, however, about the actual mechanism of its antilithiatic action. Our results in this in vitro study corroborate C. officinarum aqueous extract as a good source of antioxidants with a high antioxidant effects. Our results also demonstrate a major impact of C. officinarum aqueous extract on in vitro induced calcium oxalate crystallization kinetics and crystal morphology, showing its critical role in kidney stone formation and/or elimination. We show that progressively increasing doses of C. officinarum aqueous extract cause a sequence of effects. A powerful inhibitory action on calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) growth and aggregation is first observed. C. officinarum aqueous extract also appears highly effective in stimulating nucleation increasing the number and reducing the size of COM crystals, which become progressively thinner, rounded and concave in a dose-dependent manner. These shape-modified COM crystals are known to be less adherent to renal tubular cells and more easily excreted through the urinary tract preventing kidney stone formation. Further, C. officinarum aqueous extract promotes the formation of calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) rather than the monohydrate so that, at the highest concentrations used, only COD crystals are observed, in significant greater numbers with a clear reduction in their size, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, AFM analyses allowed us to reveal the presence of C. officinarum component(s) on the surfaces of COD and modified COM crystals. The crystal surface adsorbed component(s) are shown to be similarly active as the total aqueous extract, suggesting a trigger factor which may direct crystal modification towards COD forms. In urolithiasis pathogenesis COD crystals are less dangerous than the COM forms due to their lower affinity for renal tubular cells. Our results are important in understanding the mechanisms which guide the modification induced by C. officinarum on the crystallization process. Based on these data, together with no adverse toxic effect being observed on the in vitro model of human intestinal enterocytes, C. officinarum aqueous extract could represent an attractive natural therapy for the treatment of urolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Maria Assunta Meli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Michele Mattioli
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Michele Menotta
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Michele Mari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Laura Valentini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Letizia Palomba
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Donatella Desideri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
| | - Laura Chiarantini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino (PU) Italy
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Saltarelli R, Palma F, Gioacchini AM, Calcabrini C, Mancini U, De Bellis R, Stocchi V, Potenza L. Phytochemical composition, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities and effects on nuclear DNA of ethanolic extract from an Italian mycelial isolate of Ganoderma lucidum. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 231:464-473. [PMID: 30513345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst. (also known as Linghzhi and Reishi) is the most appreciated and revered medicinal mushroom across many Asian countries, but its properties have also attracted interest in Western countries. Indeed, in the West, it is now commercially available as a dietary supplement in preparations mainly made from spores, fruiting bodies and mycelia. It is employed in both nutraceutical and pharmacological formulations either for its immuno-modulating anti-inflammatory properties or as an effective adjuvant therapy in the treatment of several chronic diseases as well as in cancer treatment. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this investigation was to show the phytochemical composition and antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of an ethanolic extract from an Italian mycelial isolate of Ganoderma lucidum and to assess its effects on nuclear DNA. MATERIALS AND METHODS LC/ESI-MS and tandem mass spectrometry MSMS were used to obtain structural identification of ethanolic G. lucidum extract constituents. Antioxidant activities were determined by the DPPH method, chelating effect on Fe2+ and lipoxygenase inhibition while cytotoxic activities using the MTT assay. Effects on nuclear DNA were evaluated using the DNA nicking assay in a cell-free system and the fast halo assay performed on oxidatively injured human U937 cells; apoptosis induction was investigated using the non-denaturing fast halo assay and DNA laddering detection. RESULTS This extract was rich in several bioactive compounds, mainly phenolic and triterpenic acids. It showed antioxidant activity and protective effects in oxidatively injured DNA in cell-free analyses and antiproliferative, genotoxic, and proapoptotic effects in the cell model. CONCLUSIONS Italian G. lucidum mycelium isolate appears to be a source of various natural compounds that may have applications as chemopreventive agents or functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Saltarelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
| | - Francesco Palma
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Gioacchini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Calcabrini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy; Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, RN, Italy.
| | - Umberto Mancini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
| | - Lucia Potenza
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
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Calcabrini C, Mancini U, De Bellis R, Frati A, Mastrogiacomo AR, Annibalini G, Sestili P, Cucchiarini L, Stocchi V, Potenza L. Protective Role of Italian Juglans regia L. nut Ethanolic Extract in Human Keratinocytes under Oxidative and Inflammatory Stress. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2018; 18:925-934. [PMID: 29332575 DOI: 10.2174/1389201019666180112145717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this research, fatty acid profile and polyphenolic content of an ethanolic extract of walnut from Juglans regia L. collected in Central Italy, were characterized. The potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the extract were investigated in the human keratinocytes cell line. METHODS Fatty acid profile was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis, total phenolic content by Folin-Ciocalteu method and aluminum chloride colorimetric method was used for determination of total flavonoids. Kertatinocytes were exposed to t-butyl hydroperoxide or Tumor Necrosis Factor alfa in the absence or presence of extract. Reduced glutathione was determined by Sedlak method; lipid peroxidation was assessed by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. t-butyl hydroperoxide and Tumor Necrosis Factor alfa-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species were monitored by fluorescent probes. The expression of some genes related to the inflammatory process (IL-6, IL-8, ikB, and ICAM) were analysed by Real-time PCR. RESULTS JRE contains a favourable fatty acid profile with low saturated fats (19%) and high-unsaturated fats (81%) with a prevalence of the omega-6 linoleic acid (48%). Also a significant amount of polyphenols was found (5,0052 mg gallic acid equivalent/gdw). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of JRE were observed on analysed cellular model. JRE antioxidants counteracted ROS production, GSH depletion and lipid peroxidation as well downregulated the expression of some genes related to the inflammatory process. Moreover, polyunsaturated fatty acids exhibited anti-inflammatory properties. CONCLUSION The obtained results uphold walnut as dietary adjunct in health promotion and drive towards its development in drug therapy against chronic inflammatory disorders, including inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Calcabrini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, (RN), I
47921, Italy
| | - Umberto Mancini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, Urbino (PU) I-61029, Italy
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, Urbino (PU) I-61029, Italy
| | - Alessandra Frati
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, Urbino (PU) I-61029, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Mastrogiacomo
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, Urbino (PU) I-61029, Italy
| | - Giosue Annibalini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, Urbino (PU) I-61029, Italy
| | - Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, Urbino (PU) I-61029, Italy
| | - Luigi Cucchiarini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, Urbino (PU) I-61029, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, Urbino (PU) I-61029, Italy
| | - Lucia Potenza
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi, 2, Urbino (PU) I-61029, Italy
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Calcabrini C, De Bellis R, Mancini U, Cucchiarini L, Stocchi V, Potenza L. Protective Effect of Juglans regia L. Walnut Extract Against Oxidative DNA Damage. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2017; 72:192-197. [PMID: 28401378 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-017-0609-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) are relevant components of the Mediterranean diet providing important macronutrients, micronutrients and other bioactive constituents including unsaturated fatty acids, proteins, fiber, vitamins, minerals, phytosterols and polyphenols. Although the walnut beneficial effects in human health are widely recognized by a lot of epidemiologic studies very little is known regarding its effect on damaged DNA. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Juglans regia L. ethanolic extract from kernel on the induction of DNA strand breaks by thiol/Fe3+/O2 mixed function oxidase, tert-butyl hydroperoxide or UVC radiations in acellular and cellular models. Plasmid DNA cleavage and fast Halo assay were used to monitor oxidative damage to DNA. Both approaches showed protection of oxidatively injured DNA. These results agree with a lot of scientific proofs which recommend walnut as dietary adjunct in health promotion and prevention as well as in treatment of lifestyle-related oxidative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Calcabrini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi 2, I-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, I 47921, Rimini, RN, Italy
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi 2, I-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Umberto Mancini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi 2, I-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Luigi Cucchiarini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi 2, I-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi 2, I-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy
| | - Lucia Potenza
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via A. Saffi 2, I-61029, Urbino, PU, Italy.
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Calcabrini C, Mancini U, De Bellis R, Diaz AR, Martinelli M, Cucchiarini L, Sestili P, Stocchi V, Potenza L. Effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on antioxidant activity in the human keratinocyte cell line NCTC 2544. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2016; 64:415-422. [PMID: 27001710 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Some epidemiological studies have suggested possible associations between exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) and various diseases. Recently, ELF-EMF has been considered as a therapeutic agent. To support ELF-EMF use in regenerative medicine, in particular in the treatment of skin injuries, we investigated whether significant cell damage occurs after ELF-EMF exposure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was evaluated in the human keratinocyte exposed for 1 H to 50 Hz ELF-EMF in a range of field strengths from 0.25 to 2 G. Significant ROS increases resulted at 0.5 and 1 G and under these flux densities ROS production, glutathione content, antioxidant defense activity, and lipid peroxidation markers were assessed for different lengths of time. Analyzed parameters of antioxidant defense and membrane integrity showed a different trend at two selected magnetic fluxes, with a greater sensitivity of the cells exposed to 0.5 G, especially after 1 H. All significant alterations observed in the first 4 H of exposure reverted to controls 24 H after suggesting that under these conditions, ELF-EMF induces a slight oxidative stress that does not overwhelm the metabolic capacity of the cells or have a cytotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Calcabrini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Umberto Mancini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Diaz
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Maddalena Martinelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Luigi Cucchiarini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Lucia Potenza
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
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Potenza L, Calcabrini C, Bellis RD, Mancini U, Polidori E, Zeppa S, Alloni R, Cucchiarini L, Dacha M. Effect of surgical stress on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from healthy sections of colon and rectum of patients with colorectal cancer. J Biosci 2011; 36:243-51. [PMID: 21654079 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-011-9064-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Surgical resection at any location in the body leads to stress response with cellular and subcellular change, leading to tissue damage. The intestine is extremely sensitive to surgical stress with consequent postoperative complications. It has been suggested that the increase of reactive oxygen species as subcellular changes plays an important role in this process. This article focuses on the effect of surgical stress on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from healthy sections of colon and rectum of patients with colorectal cancer. Mitochondrial DNA copy number, mitochondrial common deletion and nuclear and mitochondrial 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine content were measured. Both the colon and rectal tissue were significantly damaged either at the nuclear or mitochondrial level. In particular, mitochondrial DNA was more damaged in rectum than in colon. The present investigation found an association between surgical stress and nuclear and mitochondrial DNA damage, suggesting that surgery may generate an increase in free radicals, which trigger a cascade of molecular changes, including alterations in DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Potenza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Universita degli Studi di Urbino 'Carlo Bo', Urbino, Italy.
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Fraternale D, De Bellis R, Calcabrini C, Potenza L, Cucchiarini L, Mancini U, Dachà M, Ricci D. Aqueous extract from Vitis vinifera tendrils is able to enrich keratinocyte antioxidant defences. Nat Prod Commun 2011; 6:1315-1319. [PMID: 21941905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
An aqueous extract of V. vinifera L. tendrils was evaluated for its ability to enrich the antioxidant capacity of cultured cells. The long-time antioxidant capability of the extract was measured by in vitro chemical methods, and its influence on reduced glutathione levels and plasma membrane oxido reductase activity was determined in cultured human keratinocytes (NCTC 2544). Keratinocytes are cells normally exposed to oxidative stress, and for this reason adequately equipped with antioxidant defences. However, it has long been suggested that exogenous antioxidants may play an important role in minimizing the adverse effects of oxidative stress on skin.We demonstrated that V. vinifera tendril aqueous extract was able to increase, in a time- and dose-dependent manner, the reduced glutathione concentration and activity of trans plasma membrane oxido reductase as an indirect evaluation of the intracellular redox status of the cells demonstrating a relevant antioxidant activity of this phytocomplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Fraternale
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, della Vitae dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
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Fraternale D, De Bellis R, Calcabrini C, Potenza L, Cucchiarini L, Mancini U, Dachà M, Ricci D. Aqueous Extract from Vitis vinifera Tendrils is Able to Enrich Keratinocyte Antioxidant Defences. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100600925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An aqueous extract of V. vinifera L. tendrils was evaluated for its ability to enrich the antioxidant capacity of cultured cells. The long-time antioxidant capability of the extract was measured by in vitro chemical methods, and its influence on reduced glutathione levels and plasma membrane oxido reductase activity was determined in cultured human keratinocytes (NCTC 2544). Keratinocytes are cells normally exposed to oxidative stress, and for this reason adequately equipped with antioxidant defences. However, it has long been suggested that exogenous antioxidants may play an important role in minimizing the adverse effects of oxidative stress on skin. We demonstrated that V. vinifera tendril aqueous extract was able to increase, in a time- and dose-dependent manner, the reduced glutathione concentration and activity of trans plasma membrane oxido reductase as an indirect evaluation of the intracellular redox status of the cells demonstrating a relevant antioxidant activity of this phytocomplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Fraternale
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo “, Urbino, Italy
| | - Roberta De Bellis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo “, Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Potenza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo “, Urbino, Italy
| | - Luigi Cucchiarini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo “, Urbino, Italy
| | - Umberto Mancini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo “, Urbino, Italy
| | - Marina Dachà
- Centro Integrato di Ricerche, Università Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Donata Ricci
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo “, Urbino, Italy
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Abstract
Quercetin is a well-investigated antioxidant known to protect cells against oxidative nuclear DNA damage. There is no knowledge regarding its effect on oxidative mitochondrial DNA damage. In this study we investigated the effect of quercetin on oxidatively-injured DNA. Cell-free and cell studies were performed. Cell-free analyses carried out on plasmidic DNA showed that quercetin protects from all oxidative challenges used. Cellular studies were carried out on NCTC 2544 cells which were insulted with hydrogen peroxide and UVC radiations. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNAs were analysed by measuring DNA damage with a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Quercetin supplementation showed significant genoprotective activity on mitochondrial DNA when hydroperoxide was used. The evidence of the protection afforded by quercetin suggests that this flavonoid may play an important role on mitochondrial genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Potenza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy.
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Potenza L, Ubaldi L, De Sanctis R, De Bellis R, Cucchiarini L, Dachà M. Effects of a static magnetic field on cell growth and gene expression in Escherichia coli. Mutat Res 2004; 561:53-62. [PMID: 15238230 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2003] [Revised: 03/08/2004] [Accepted: 03/19/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli cultures exposed to a 300mT static magnetic field (SMF) were studied in order to analyse possible induced changes in cellular growth and gene expression. Biomass was evaluated by visible-light spectrometry and gene expression analyses were carried out by use of RNA arbitrarily primed PCR. The bacterial strain XL-1Blue, cultivated in traditional and modified Luria-Bertani medium, was exposed to SMF generated by permanent neodymium magnetic disks. The results show alterations induced by SMF in terms of increased cell proliferation and changes in gene expression compared with control groups. Three cDNAs were found to be expressed only in the exposed cells, whereas one cDNA was more expressed in the controls. One clone, expressed only in the exposed cells, corresponds to a putative transposase. This is of particular interest in that it suggests that exposure to a magnetic field may stimulate transposition activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Potenza
- Giorgio Fornaini Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, PU, Italy.
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De Sanctis R, De Bellis R, Scesa C, Mancini U, Cucchiarini L, Dachà M. In vitro protective effect of Rhodiola rosea extract against hypochlorous acid-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. Biofactors 2004; 20:147-59. [PMID: 15665385 DOI: 10.1002/biof.5520200304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Rhodiola rosea L. (Crassulaceae) is a plant living at high altitudes in Europe and Asia. Its roots have long been used in the traditional medical system of these geographical areas to increase the organism resistance to physical stress; today, it has become an important component of many dietary supplements. In this study we investigate the antioxidant capacity of the R. rosea aqueous extract evaluating its ability to counteract some of the main damages induced by hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a powerful oxidant generated by activated phagocytes, to human erythrocytes. Ascorbic acid was used as a reference substance because of its physiological HOCl-scavenging ability. Our study demonstrates that R. rosea is able to significantly protect, in a dose-dependent manner, human RBC from glutathione (GSH) depletion, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) inactivation and hemolysis induced by the oxidant. Furthermore, we demonstrate that R. rosea aqueous extract acts from the inside of the erythrocyte suggesting a probable involving of cell components. The protection on GSH afforded by the R. rosea extract with respect to ascorbic acid, occurred also if added 2 or 5 min. later than the oxidant, suggesting a more rapid or powerful effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta De Sanctis
- Istituto di Chimica Biologica "Giorgio Fornaini", Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino (PU), Italy
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Abstract
Reduction of extracellular ferricyanide [Fe(CN)(6)](-3) to ferrocyanide by intact cells reflects the activity of a trans-plasma membrane oxidoreductase that, in human red blood cells, utilizes ascorbic acid as an electron donor. We herein report that the flavonoids quercetin and myricetin, while inhibiting dehydroascorbic acid uptake-and thus the erythrocyte ascorbic acid content-effectively stimulate the extracellular reduction of ferricyanide. Other flavonoids such as rutin, acacetin, apigenin, and genistein do not show the same effect. The notion that quercetin or myricetin may serve as an intracellular donor for a trans-plasma membrane oxidoreductase is supported by the following lines of evidence: (i) they afford direct reduction of ferricyanide; (ii) extracellular reduction of ferricyanide was not mediated by direct effects of the flavonoids released by the cells and was abolished by the sulphydryl reagent parachloromercuribenzenesulfonic acid (pCMBS); (iii) the intracellular concentrations of quercetin or myricetin well correlate with increases in ferricyanide reduction; (iv) the intracellular concentration of the flavonoids dramatically declines after ferricyanide exposure. Taken together, the results presented in this study demonstrate that myricetin and quercetin, which accumulate in large amounts in red blood cells, act as intracellular substrates of a pCMBS-sensitive trans-plasma membrane oxidoreductase. This may represent a novel mechanism whereby these flavonoids exert beneficial effects under oxidative stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Fiorani
- Giorgio Fornaini Institute of Biological Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Urbino, Via Saffi 2, 60129 Urbino, Italy.
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Potenza L, Amicucci A, Rossi I, Palma F, De Bellis R, Cardoni P, Stocchi V. Identification of Tuber magnatum Pico DNA markers by RAPD analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00152847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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