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Gusella M, Pasini F, Caruso D, Barile C, Modena Y, Fraccon AP, Bertolaso L, Menon D, Crepaldi G, Bononi A, Spezzano R, Telatin GA, Corona G, Padrini R. Clinical outcomes of oral metronomic vinorelbine in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: correlations with pharmacokinetics and MDR1 polymorphisms. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 83:493-500. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-018-3751-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Romano S, Mitro N, Giatti S, Diviccaro S, Pesaresi M, Spezzano R, Audano M, Garcia-Segura LM, Caruso D, Melcangi RC. Diabetes induces mitochondrial dysfunction and alters cholesterol homeostasis and neurosteroidogenesis in the rat cerebral cortex. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 178:108-116. [PMID: 29183767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The nervous system synthesizes and metabolizes steroids (i.e., neurosteroidogenesis). Recent observations indicate that neurosteroidogenesis is affected by different nervous pathologies. Among these, long-term type 1 diabetes, together with other functional and biochemical changes, has been shown to alter neuroactive steroid levels in the nervous system. Using an experimental model of type 1 diabetes (i.e., streptozotocin injection) we here show that the levels of these molecules are already decreased in the rat cerebral cortex after one month of the initiation of the pathology. Moreover, decreased levels of free cholesterol, together with alterations in the expression of molecules involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, bioavailability, trafficking and metabolism were detected in the rat cerebral cortex after one month of diabetes. Furthermore, mitochondrial functionality was also affected in the cerebral cortex and consequently may also contribute to the decrease in neuroactive steroid levels. Altogether, these results indicate that neurosteroidogenesis is an early target for the effect of type 1 diabetes in the cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Romano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Giatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Diviccaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marzia Pesaresi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Spezzano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Audano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luis Miguel Garcia-Segura
- Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Pesaresi M, Giatti S, Spezzano R, Romano S, Diviccaro S, Borsello T, Mitro N, Caruso D, Garcia-Segura LM, Melcangi RC. Axonal transport in a peripheral diabetic neuropathy model: sex-dimorphic features. Biol Sex Differ 2018; 9:6. [PMID: 29351809 PMCID: PMC5775621 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-018-0164-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Disruption of axonal transport plays a pivotal role in diabetic neuropathy. A sex-dimorphism exists in the incidence and symptomatology of diabetic neuropathy; however, no studies so far have addressed sex differences in axonal motor proteins expression in early diabetes as well as the possible involvement of neuroactive steroids. Interestingly, recent data point to a role for mitochondria in the sexual dimorphism of neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria have a fundamental role in axonal transport by producing the motors’ energy source, ATP. Moreover, neuroactive steroids can also regulate mitochondrial function. Methods Here, we investigated the impact of short-term diabetes in the peripheral nervous system of male and female rats on key motor proteins important for axonal transport, mitochondrial function, and neuroactive steroids levels. Results We show that short-term diabetes alters mRNA levels and axoplasm protein contents of kinesin family member KIF1A, KIF5B, KIF5A and Myosin Va in male but not in female rats. Similarly, the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator-1α, a subunit of the respiratory chain complex IV, ATP levels and the key regulators of mitochondrial dynamics were affected in males but not in females. Concomitant analysis of neuroactive steroid levels in sciatic nerve showed an alteration of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and allopregnanolone in diabetic males, whereas no changes were observed in female rats. Conclusions These findings suggest that sex-specific decrease in neuroactive steroid levels in male diabetic animals may cause an alteration in their mitochondrial function that in turn might impact in axonal transport, contributing to the sex difference observed in diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Pesaresi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Giatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Spezzano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Simone Romano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Diviccaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Tiziana Borsello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS-Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milano, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luis Miguel Garcia-Segura
- Instituto Cajal, CSIC, CIBER de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Piazza S, Sangiovanni E, Maldini M, Fumagalli M, Spezzano R, Giavarini F, Pacchetti B, Caruso D, Dell'Agli M. STABILITY AND INTESTINAL ABSORPTION OF VINPOCETINE IN HUMAN EPITHELIAL CACO-2 CELLS. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Piazza
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - E Sangiovanni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Maldini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - R Spezzano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F Giavarini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - D Caruso
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Dell'Agli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Melcangi RC, Santi D, Spezzano R, Grimoldi M, Tabacchi T, Fusco ML, Diviccaro S, Giatti S, Carrà G, Caruso D, Simoni M, Cavaletti G. Neuroactive steroid levels and psychiatric and andrological features in post-finasteride patients. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 171:229-235. [PMID: 28408350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent reports show that, in patients treated with finasteride for male pattern hair loss, persistent side effects including sexual side effects, depression, anxiety and cognitive complaints may occur. We here explored the psychiatric and andrological features of patients affected by post-finasteride syndrome (PFS) and verified whether the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma levels of neuroactive steroids (i.e., important regulators of nervous function) are modified. We found that eight out of sixteen PFS male patients considered suffered from a DSM-IV major depressive disorder (MDD). In addition, all PFS patients showed erectile dysfunction (ED); in particular, ten patients showed a severe and six a mild-moderate ED. We also reported abnormal somatosensory evoked potentials of the pudendal nerve in PFS patients with severe ED, the first objective evidence of a neuropathy involving peripheral neurogenic control of erection. Testicular volume by ultrasonography was normal in PFS patients. Data obtained on neuroactive steroid levels also indicate interesting features. Indeed, decreased levels of pregnenolone, progesterone and its metabolite (i.e., dihydroprogesterone), dihydrotestosterone and 17beta-estradiol and increased levels of dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone and 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol were observed in CSF of PFS patients. Neuroactive steroid levels were also altered in plasma of PFS patients, however these changes did not reflect exactly what occurs in CSF. Finally, finasteride did not only affect, as expected, the levels of 5alpha-reduced metabolites of progesterone and testosterone, but also the further metabolites and precursors suggesting that this drug has broad consequence on neuroactive steroid levels of PFS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniele Santi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Spezzano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grimoldi
- Experimental Neurology Unit and Milan Center for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Tommaso Tabacchi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Fusco
- Experimental Neurology Unit and Milan Center for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Silvia Diviccaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Giatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Guido Cavaletti
- Experimental Neurology Unit and Milan Center for Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Mitro N, Cermenati G, Audano M, Giatti S, Pesaresi M, Pedretti S, Spezzano R, Caruso D, Melcangi RC. Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1C knockout mice show altered neuroactive steroid levels in sciatic nerve. J Neurochem 2017; 142:420-428. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nico Mitro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Gaia Cermenati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Matteo Audano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Silvia Giatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Marzia Pesaresi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Silvia Pedretti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Roberto Spezzano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
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Cermenati G, Giatti S, Audano M, Pesaresi M, Spezzano R, Caruso D, Mitro N, Melcangi RC. Diabetes alters myelin lipid profile in rat cerebral cortex: Protective effects of dihydroprogesterone. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 168:60-70. [PMID: 28167298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Due to the emerging association of diabetes with several psychiatric and neurodegenerative events, the evaluation of the effects of this pathology on the brain function has now a high priority in biomedical research. In particular, the effects of diabetes on myelin compartment have been poorly taken into consideration. To this purpose, we performed a deep lipidomic analysis of cortical myelin in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. In male rats three months of diabetes induced an extensive alterations in levels of phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamines (the main species present in myelin membranes), plasmalogens as well as phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidylserines. In addition, the levels of cholesterol and myelin basic protein were also decreased. Because these lipids exert important functional and structural roles in the myelin compartment, our data indicate that cerebral cortex myelin is severely compromised in diabetic status. Treatment for one-month with a metabolite of progesterone, dihydroprogesterone, restored the lipid and protein myelin profiles to the levels observed in non-diabetic animals. These data suggest the potential of therapeutic efficacy of DHP to restore myelin in the diabetic brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Cermenati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Giatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Audano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marzia Pesaresi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Spezzano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Romano S, Mitro N, Diviccaro S, Spezzano R, Audano M, Garcia-Segura LM, Caruso D, Melcangi RC. Short-term effects of diabetes on neurosteroidogenesis in the rat hippocampus. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 167:135-143. [PMID: 27890531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes may induce neurophysiological and structural changes in the central nervous system (i.e., diabetic encephalopathy). We here explored whether the levels of neuroactive steroids (i.e., neuroprotective agents) in the hippocampus may be altered by short-term diabetes (i.e., one month). To this aim, by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry we observed that in the experimental model of the rat raised diabetic by streptozotocin injection, one month of pathology induced changes in the levels of several neuroactive steroids, such as pregnenolone, progesterone and its metabolites (i.e., tetrahydroprogesterone and isopregnanolone) and testosterone and its metabolites (i.e., dihydrotestosterone and 3α-diol). Interestingly these brain changes were not fully reflected by the plasma level changes, suggesting that early phase of diabetes directly affects steroidogenesis and/or steroid metabolism in the hippocampus. These concepts are also supported by the findings that crucial steps of steroidogenic machinery, such as the gene expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (i.e., molecule involved in the translocation of cholesterol into mitochondria) and cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage (i.e., enzyme converting cholesterol into pregnenolone) and 5α-reductase (enzyme converting progesterone and testosterone into their metabolites) are also affected in the hippocampus. In addition, cholesterol homeostasis as well as the functionality of mitochondria, a key organelle in which the limiting step of neuroactive steroid synthesis takes place, are also affected. Data obtained indicate that short-term diabetes alters hippocampal steroidogenic machinery and that these changes are associated with impaired cholesterol homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction in the hippocampus, suggesting them as relevant factors for the development of diabetic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Romano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Diviccaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Spezzano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Audano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Donatella Caruso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Lopez-Rodriguez AB, Acaz-Fonseca E, Spezzano R, Giatti S, Caruso D, Viveros MP, Melcangi RC, Garcia-Segura LM. Profiling Neuroactive Steroid Levels After Traumatic Brain Injury in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:3983-3993. [PMID: 27547849 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) in humans has rapidly increased in the last ten years. The most common causes are falls and car accidents. Approximately 80 000-90 000 persons per year will suffer some permanent disability as a result of the lesion, and one of the most common symptoms is the decline of hormone levels, also known as post-TBI hormonal deficiency syndrome. This issue has become more and more important, and many studies have focused on shedding some light on it. The hormonal decline affects not only gonadal steroid hormones but also neuroactive steroids, which play an important role in TBI recovery by neuroprotective and neurotrophic actions. The present work used an adolescent close-head murine model to analyze brain and plasma neurosteroid level changes after TBI and to establish correlations with edema and neurological impairments, 2 of the hallmarks of TBI. Our results showed changes in brain pregnenolone, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and 3α-diol levels whereas in plasma, the changes were present in progesterone, DHT, 3α-diol, and 3β-diol. Within them, pregnenolone, progesterone, DHT, and 3α-diol levels positively correlated with edema formation and neurological score, whereas testosterone inversely correlated with these 2 variables. These findings suggest that changes in the brain levels of some neuroactive steroids may contribute to the alterations in brain function caused by the lesion and that plasma levels of some neuroactive steroids could be good candidates of blood markers to predict TBI outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belen Lopez-Rodriguez
- Instituto Cajal (A.B.L.-R., E.A.-F., L.M.G.-S.), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28002 Madrid, Spain; Department of Animal Physiology (Animal Physiology II) (A.B.L.-R., M.-P.V.), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.S., S.G., D.C., R.C.M.), Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Estefania Acaz-Fonseca
- Instituto Cajal (A.B.L.-R., E.A.-F., L.M.G.-S.), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28002 Madrid, Spain; Department of Animal Physiology (Animal Physiology II) (A.B.L.-R., M.-P.V.), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.S., S.G., D.C., R.C.M.), Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Spezzano
- Instituto Cajal (A.B.L.-R., E.A.-F., L.M.G.-S.), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28002 Madrid, Spain; Department of Animal Physiology (Animal Physiology II) (A.B.L.-R., M.-P.V.), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.S., S.G., D.C., R.C.M.), Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Giatti
- Instituto Cajal (A.B.L.-R., E.A.-F., L.M.G.-S.), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28002 Madrid, Spain; Department of Animal Physiology (Animal Physiology II) (A.B.L.-R., M.-P.V.), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.S., S.G., D.C., R.C.M.), Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Instituto Cajal (A.B.L.-R., E.A.-F., L.M.G.-S.), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28002 Madrid, Spain; Department of Animal Physiology (Animal Physiology II) (A.B.L.-R., M.-P.V.), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.S., S.G., D.C., R.C.M.), Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria-Paz Viveros
- Instituto Cajal (A.B.L.-R., E.A.-F., L.M.G.-S.), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28002 Madrid, Spain; Department of Animal Physiology (Animal Physiology II) (A.B.L.-R., M.-P.V.), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.S., S.G., D.C., R.C.M.), Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto C Melcangi
- Instituto Cajal (A.B.L.-R., E.A.-F., L.M.G.-S.), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28002 Madrid, Spain; Department of Animal Physiology (Animal Physiology II) (A.B.L.-R., M.-P.V.), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.S., S.G., D.C., R.C.M.), Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Luis M Garcia-Segura
- Instituto Cajal (A.B.L.-R., E.A.-F., L.M.G.-S.), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28002 Madrid, Spain; Department of Animal Physiology (Animal Physiology II) (A.B.L.-R., M.-P.V.), Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (P.S., S.G., D.C., R.C.M.), Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
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10
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Pasini F, Barile C, Caruso D, Modena Y, Fraccon A, Pezzolo E, La Russa F, Menon D, Crepaldi G, Spezzano R, Bononi A, Corona G, Ortolani S, Padrini R, Gusella M. Oral metronomic Vinorelbine (OMV) in elderly pts with advanced NSCLC: pharmacokinetics and clinical outcome. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw332.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Corsini E, Galbiati V, Papale A, Kummer E, Pinto A, Serafini MM, Guaita A, Spezzano R, Caruso D, Marinovich M, Racchi M. Role of androgens in dhea-induced rack1 expression and cytokine modulation in monocytes. Immun Ageing 2016; 13:20. [PMID: 27239218 PMCID: PMC4884617 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-016-0075-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Over the past fifteen years, we have demonstrated that cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) have opposite effects on the regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in the context of the immune system. The anti-glucocorticoid effect of DHEA is also related to the regulation of splicing of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), promoting the expression of GRβ isoform, which acts as a negative dominant form on GRα activity. Moreover, it is very well known that DHEA can be metabolized to androgens like testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and its metabolites 3α-diol and 3β-diol, which exert their function through the binding of the androgen receptor (AR). Based on this knowledge, and on early observation that castrated animals show results similar to those observed in old animals, the purpose of this study is to investigate the role of androgens and the androgen receptor (AR) in DHEA-induced expression of the PKC signaling molecule RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) and cytokine production in monocytes. Results Here we demonstrated the ability of the anti-androgen molecule, flutamide, to counteract the stimulatory effects of DHEA on RACK1 and GRβ expression, and cytokine production. In both THP-1 cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), flutamide blocked the effects of DHEA, suggesting a role of the AR in these effects. As DHEA is not considered a direct AR agonist, we investigated the metabolism of DHEA in THP-1 cells. We evaluated the ability of testosterone, DHT, and androstenedione to induce RACK1 expression and cytokine production. In analogy to DHEA, an increase in RACK1 expression and in LPS-induced IL–8 and TNF–α production was observed after treatment with these selected androgens. Finally, the silencing of AR with siRNA completely prevented DHEA-induced RACK1 mRNA expression, supporting the idea that AR is involved in DHEA effects. Conclusions We demonstrated that the conversion of DHEA to active androgens, which act via AR, is a key mechanism in the effect of DHEA on RACK1 expression and monocyte activation. This data supports the existence of a complex hormonal balance in the control of immune modulation, which can be further studied in the context of immunosenescence and endocrinosenescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Corsini
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Galbiati
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Papale
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Kummer
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Pinto
- Department of Drug Sciences - Pharmacology Unit, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 14, Pavia, 27100 Italy
| | - Melania M Serafini
- Department of Drug Sciences - Pharmacology Unit, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 14, Pavia, 27100 Italy
| | | | - Roberto Spezzano
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory "Giovanni Galli", DiSFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory "Giovanni Galli", DiSFeB, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Marinovich
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Racchi
- Department of Drug Sciences - Pharmacology Unit, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 14, Pavia, 27100 Italy
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