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de Souza ZWG, da Silva MGP, Neves AP, de Araújo TLAC, Siqueira NMC, Amaral WA, Montagner DB, Ítavo LCV, Júnior VB, Marson B, de Nadai Bonin M, da Costa Gomes R. Association of rainfall pattern with the disappearance of mineral mixtures fed cattle managed on tropical pastures. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:69. [PMID: 38319414 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03919-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between rainfall and the disappearance of mineral mixtures in the supplementation of cattle on pasture. Supplement consumption and rainfall data were obtained from five experiments carried out between 2016 and 2022. The experiments lasted from 84 to 126 days and had 12 to 18 paddocks formed by Brachiaria spp. under grazing by beef cattle (n = 544), receiving mineral supplementation. Supplement disappearance (SD), difference between the amount offered and leftovers (considering intake and losses) and precipitation (PR), was measured over periods of 14 to 21 days. The periods (n = 565) were classified as very dry, dry, normal, rainy, and very rainy, using the Quantis method. The number of rainy days (RD) and the average precipitation per RD (APRD) per period and the average body weight (BW) of the animals in the periods were also determined. Linear regression analyses assessed the association between BW, PR, RD, and APRD. The average PR in the periods studied was 68.5 mm, ranging from 0.00 to 160.3 mm. Each period had up to six RD, with up to 129.5 mm precipitated. The average BW was 270 kg, ranging from 208 to 335 kg and the average SD was 82.2 g/animal/day, ranging from 0.52 to 176.7 g/animal/day. Differences in RD and APRD are consistent across precipitation classes. In the regression analysis, the model with the highest coefficient of determination was the one that contained the linear and quadratic terms for the RD variable. Including linear and quadratic terms of all variables in a multiple regression represented more than half of the variation in the disappearance of the supplement (R2 = 0.5823). There is no clear relationship between the intensity of precipitation, reflected in the form of classes, and the disappearance of supplements offered to cattle on pasture since dry and very rainy periods can be equivalent. However, variables that characterize the precipitation pattern are more relevant than animal live weight to explain existing variations in supplement disappearance. Among them, the frequency with which precipitation occurs (number of rainy days in the period) seems to be more important than the precipitation rate itself, probably because it is related to the volume of precipitation accumulated in the period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zey Welington Gomes de Souza
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Avenida Senador Felinto Muller, 2443, Pioneiros, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Manoel Gustavo Paranhos da Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Avenida Senador Felinto Muller, 2443, Pioneiros, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Andrei Pereira Neves
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid km 380, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wallyson Almeida Amaral
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Avenida Senador Felinto Muller, 2443, Pioneiros, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FAMEZ), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Avenida Senador Felinto Muller, 2443, Pioneiros, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Marson
- Connan Comércio de Nutrição Animal Ltda., Av. Mário Pedro Vercellino, 877, Jardim América, Boituva, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcio de Nadai Bonin
- Connan Comércio de Nutrição Animal Ltda., Av. Mário Pedro Vercellino, 877, Jardim América, Boituva, SP, Brazil
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Gomes RDC, Menezes GRDO, Favero R, Kazama R, Altrak G, Mizubuti IY, Gomes MDNB, Feijó GLD, Montagner DB, de Araújo TLAC, de Lima Júnior DM, Torres Júnior RADA, Bonin MDN. Strategies of virginiamycin supplementation in the postweaning phase on growth performance and carcass quality of beef cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 56:12. [PMID: 38102404 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03860-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the effects of supplementing VM in grazing cattle during the rearing phase on performance and carcass quality of beef cattle in the finishing phase. Two experiments with a randomized block design were conducted in consecutive years to contrast two post-weaning supplementation strategies using VM at 45 mg/100 kg body weight (BW). In the first year, treatments were protein supplement in the dry season and mineral supplement in the rainy season versus the addition of VM both in the protein and mineral supplements. In the second year, was contrasted with protein supplement in the dry season and protein-energy supplement in the rainy season. Performance, carcass traits, and carcass quality were evaluated at the end of both phases. In Year 1, adding VM in mineral supplement increased final backfat thickness (P=0.05), backfat gain (P=0.06), final rump fat thickness (P=0.02), and rump fat gain (P=0.01). In the finishing phase, VM-treated cattle had a greater dry matter intake (P=0.03) and tended to show a greater backfat thickness than non-treated cattle (P=0.07). In Year 2, no VM effects were observed on post-weaning phase performance and carcass traits. However, cattle-fed VM during the post-weaning phase tended to show a lower feed conversion ratio (P=0.09) and had a significantly higher gross feed efficiency (P=0.03) than non-treated cattle at slaughter. Virginiamycin supplementation during rearing on pasture improves performance and carcass fattening in the growth phase and has a residual effect in the finishing phase that may reflect greater backfat thickness and gross feed efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ricardo Favero
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Londrina - UEL, km 380 Celso Garcia Cid Road, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Kazama
- Department of Animal Science and Rural Development, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, 1346 Admar Gonzaga Road, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Georg Altrak
- Department of Animal Science and Rural Development, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, 1346 Admar Gonzaga Road, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ivone Yurika Mizubuti
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Londrina - UEL, km 380 Celso Garcia Cid Road, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Marina de Nadai Bonin Gomes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, 2446 Sen. Filinto Müler Avenue, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Dorgival Morais de Lima Júnior
- Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid - UFERSA, 572 Francisco Mota Street, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
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Paranhos da Silva MG, Pereira Neves A, Baptaglin Montagner D, Vinhas Ítavo LC, de Nadai Bonin M, Marson B, da Costa Gomes R. Powder and agglomerated free-choice minerals for grazing cattle: animal responses and chemical and physical alterations of the mineral mixture. Arch Anim Nutr 2023; 77:403-419. [PMID: 38009002 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2023.2281809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the animal response and the chemical and physical changes of free-choice mineral mixtures fed to grazing cattle. Growing beef cattle were fed either powder (POW) or agglomerated (AGL) mineral mixtures in three different experiments (Exp.), carried out in pastures of Brachiaria grass. In Exp. 1 and 2, the mineral mixtures were disposed in unsheltered troughs (POWun vs. AGLun), being delivered once (D0, Exp.1) or twice (D0 and D8, Exp. 2), throughout 14-day periods. In Exp. 3, POWun and AGLun were additionally compared to POW in sheltered troughs (POWshe), and the mineral mixtures were disposed in D0, throughout 21-day periods. Non-consumed supplement was removed and sampled on D14 (Exp. 1 and 2) or D21 (Exp. 3). Evaluations included average daily body weight gain (ADG), daily disappearance of the supplement (DSD), penetration force of the supplement mass, faecal chemical composition and serum levels of Ca, P and Mg. In Exp. 1, no effects were observed on ADG and faecal mineral concentrations, however, changes in mineral concentrations and a 40% reduction in Na concentration in the supplement were observed, compared to the initial concentration. AGLun had a lower penetration force. In Exp. 2, there were no effects on DSD and faecal mineral concentrations. POWun showed a smaller reduction in Na content compared to AGLun, and AGLun showed lower penetration force. In Exp. 3, the treatments did not affect ADG, but there was a trend towards higher DSD and serum phosphorus (P) concentration for AGLun (p = 0.08). Higher faecal Na concentration was observed for AGLun and higher Na concentration occurred in non-consumed mixture of POWshe. Mineral supplements offered in uncovered troughs showed altered chemical and physical characteristics, with possible effects on supplement intake. However, the general changes are unlikely to alter animal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brasil
| | | | - Bruno Marson
- Connan Comércio de Nutrição Animal, Boituva, Brasil
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Niwa MVG, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Mateus RG, da Costa Gomes R, de Melo HSA, Nonato LM, de Moraes GJ, de Aquino Monteiro GO, Gurgel ALC, Dos Santos GT. Ruminal responses, digestibility, and blood parameters of beef cattle fed diets with different oilseeds. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:254. [PMID: 37392276 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
It aimed to evaluate the effects of different whole oilseeds in lipid-rich diets on nutrient intake, apparent digestibility, ingestive behavior, and ruminal and blood parameters of steers. A control diet (without oilseed) and four diets containing whole oilseeds (cotton, canola, sunflower, and soybean) were tested. All diets used the whole-plant corn silage at 400 g/kg as roughage. Five diets, being a control diet (without oilseed) and four diets containing whole oilseeds (cotton, canola, sunflower, and soybean), were tested. All diets used the whole-plant corn silage at 400 g/kg as roughage. Five rumen fistulated crossbreed steers, in a 5 × 5 Latin square design were distributed using five periods of 21 days. The steers fed cottonseed and canola diets had lower dry matter intakes (6.6 kg/day). Steers showed higher averages of time in rumination for treatments with sunflower, soybean, and cottonseed (406, 362, and 361 min/day, respectively). There was no treatment effect for the ruminal pH and ammonia (NH3) variables. There was an effect of the treatment on the volatile fatty acid concentrations. The animals that received soybean showed a higher plasma urea concentration (50.7 mg/dL). Animals fed the control diet showed lower serum cholesterol levels (111.8 mg/dL) than those fed diets containing whole cottonseed, canola, sunflower, and soybean (152.7, 137.1, 146.9, and 138.2 mg/dL, respectively). We recommended using whole soybean or sunflower seeds to formulate lipid-rich diets with 70 g/kg of ether extract for crossbreed steers in the feedlot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Vinicius Garcia Niwa
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science College, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science College, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Rodrigo da Costa Gomes
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Beef Cattle, Campo Grande, MS, 79106-550, Brazil
| | - Hilda Silva Araújo de Melo
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science College, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Lucimara Modesto Nonato
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science College, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Jorgetti de Moraes
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science College, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
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Niwa MVG, Ítavo LCV, Ítavo CCBF, Dias AM, Dos Santos Difante G, Longhini VZ, da Costa Gomes R, Vedovatto M, Gurgel ALC, de Moraes GJ, de Aquino Monteiro GO. Effect of physically effective neutral detergent fiber on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal and blood parameters, and ingestive behavior of confined beef cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:224. [PMID: 37222852 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03633-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effect of levels of physically effective neutral detergent fiber from forage (NDFfor) on confined cattle's metabolism and ingestive behavior. Four crossbred steers (514.0 ± 4.54 kg BW) rumen-cannulated were used. The animals were randomly distributed in a 4×4 Latin square design, and the treatments were diets with 9.5%, 5.5%, 2.5%, and 0.0% NDF from whole plant corn silage. The trial was divided into 4 periods of 21 days. The dry matter, organic matter (OM), crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), physically effective NDF 8mm (peNDF8mm) and NDF1.18mm intakes, and the digestibility of OM and NDF showed a quadratic behavior. The rumen pH values showed a decreasing linear, and the time at pH below 5.8 increased linearly in the diets with lower NDFfor. The production of volatile fatty acids and the proportions of propionate and butyrate showed an increasing quadratic behavior. On the other hand, the proportion of acetate fitted a decreasing quadratic equation. With the lower participation of forage in the diets, the time spent on rumination activity decreased in a quadratic way, and the time spent in idleness increased in a quadratic way. The corn silage can be reduced to 135 g/kg DM in the diet to obtain a minimum of 5.5% of NDF from roughage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Vinicius Garcia Niwa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Alexandre Menezes Dias
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Gelson Dos Santos Difante
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Zirondi Longhini
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo da Costa Gomes
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Beef Cattle, Campo Grande, MS, 79106-550, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gabriella Jorgetti de Moraes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
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de Araújo TLAC, Feijó GLD, Neves AP, Nogueira É, de Oliveira LOF, Gomes MDNB, do Egito AA, Ferraz ALJ, Menezes GRDO, Latta KI, Ferreira JR, Vieira DG, Pereira ES, Gomes RDC. Effect of genetic merit for backfat thickness and paternal breed on performance, carcass traits, and gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue of feedlot-finished steers. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Brito TRR, Valeriano HHC, Ítavo LCV, Duarte MT, Pereira MWF, Corrêa SM, Miyagusku L, de Araújo TLAC, Ítavo CCBF, Gomes RDC, Gomes MDNB. Effect of including oilseed grains in bovine diets on fatty acid profile, lipid stability, and sensory aspects of burgers. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:923937. [PMID: 35937304 PMCID: PMC9351593 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.923937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of including different oilseed grains in the diets of cattle on the qualitative and sensory characteristics and fatty acid profile of burger over a storage period of up to 120 days. The soybean diet increased 30% of ether extract in burgers when compared to the control diet. The inclusion of oilseeds in the bovine diet did not change the n-6/n-3 and hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio, as well as the cholesterol levels in the burgers. The smallest flavor and aroma note scores were attributed to burgers produced with meat of bovine fed with cottonseed (4.35 and 4.67, respectively). The sunflower diet resulted in smaller lipid oxidation (1.03 mg/kg). The storage period increased lipid oxidation (0.43 and 1.97 mg/kg of malonaldehyde at 0 and 120 days, respectively). The inclusion of oilseeds in the diet of cattle does not change the ratios of fatty acids in burgers, which are important to human health. It is recommended to use soybean and sunflower grains in cattle diets to improve the sensory quality of burgers. A 30-day storage period is recommended to maintain the flavor and juiciness of beef burgers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Rayane Rios Brito
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Marjorie Toledo Duarte
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Marília Williani Filgueira Pereira
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Marília Williani Filgueira Pereira
| | - Samara Miyaki Corrêa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Luciana Miyagusku
- Department of Food Technology and Public Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marina de Nadai Bonin Gomes
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
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de Nadai Bonin M, Pedrosa VB, da Luz E Silva S, Bünger L, Ross D, da Costa Gomes R, de Almeida Santana MH, de Córdova Cucco D, de Rezende FM, Ítavo LCV, de Novais FJ, Pereira MWF, de Mattos Oliveira EC, Ferraz JBS. Genetic parameters associated with meat quality of Nellore cattle at different anatomical points of longissimus: Brazilian standards. Meat Sci 2020; 171:108281. [PMID: 32892086 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study estimated genetic parameters and evaluated the genetic and phenotypic correlations between meat quality characteristics of Nellore cattle evaluated at different anatomical points of the longissimus. Data from 1329 Nellore young bulls were used to evaluate, in the 5th and 12th ribs, marbling score (MAR), shear force (SF), cooking weight losses (CWL) and intramuscular fat (IMF). In addition, the subcutaneous fat thickness was measured at the 12th rib (SFT12) and between the last lumbar and the first sacral vertebrae (SFTLR), in the separation of loin and round. Results yielded moderate heritability coefficients for evaluated characteristics, except CWL. High genetic correlations (0.61) were found between measurements of SFT12 and SFTLR. MAR, IMF and SF were evaluated at the 5th and 12th rib. Meat quality and subcutaneous fat thickness measured at different anatomical points of the longissimus are genetically correlated and can be used in genetic selection programs to improve meat quality characteristics in Nellore cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina de Nadai Bonin
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Postal Code: 79074-460 Campo Grande, Brazil.
| | - Victor Breno Pedrosa
- State University of Ponta Grossa, Department of Animal Science, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Postal Code: 84030-000 Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
| | - Saulo da Luz E Silva
- University of São Paulo, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Postal Code: 13635-900 Pirassununga, Brazil.
| | - Lutz Bünger
- Animal Genetics Consultancy (http://www.lubu-angeco.co.uk./index.htm), Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
| | - Dave Ross
- Scottish Rural College, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, Edinburgh, UK.
| | | | - Miguel Henrique de Almeida Santana
- University of São Paulo, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Postal Code: 13635-900 Pirassununga, Brazil.
| | - Diego de Córdova Cucco
- State University of Santa Catarina, Department of Animal Science, Av. Beloni Trombeta Zanin, 68E, Postal Code: 89815-630 Chapeco, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Marcondes de Rezende
- Federal University of Uberlândia, College of Veterinary Medicine, BR-050, KM 78, 28, Postal Code: 38410-337 Uberlândia, Brazil.
| | - Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Postal Code: 79074-460 Campo Grande, Brazil.
| | - Francisco José de Novais
- University of São Paulo, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Postal Code: 13635-900 Pirassununga, Brazil.
| | - Marília Williani Filgueira Pereira
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, Postal Code: 79074-460 Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - José Bento Sterman Ferraz
- University of São Paulo, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Postal Code: 13635-900 Pirassununga, Brazil.
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de Nadai Bonin M, da Luz E Silva S, Bünger L, Ross D, Dias Feijó GL, da Costa Gomes R, Palma Rennó F, de Almeida Santana MH, Marcondes de Rezende F, Vinhas Ítavo LC, de Novais FJ, Surita LMA, de Nadai Bonin M, Filgueira Pereira MW, Ferraz JBS. Predicting the shear value and intramuscular fat in meat from Nellore cattle using Vis-NIR spectroscopy. Meat Sci 2020; 163:108077. [PMID: 32066001 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (Vis-NIRS) was tested for its effectiveness in predicting intramuscular fat (IMF) and WBSF in Nellore steers. Beef samples from longissimus thoracis, aged for either 2 or 7 days, had their spectra collected for wavelengths ranging from 400 to 1395 nm. Partial least squares regression models were developed for each trait. Determination coefficients of calibration models for WBSF ranged from 0.17 to 0.53. Considering WBSF in samples aged for 2 days, Vis-NIR correctly classified 100% of tough samples (>45 N), but wrongly classified all tender samples (≤45 N) as tough. Determination coefficients of calibration models for IMF ranged from 0.12 to 0.14. Vis-NIRS is a useful tool for identifying tough beef, but it is less effective in predicting tender samples and IMF. Additional studies are necessary to generate more robust models for the prediction of intramuscular fat in intact meat samples of Nellore cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina de Nadai Bonin
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, 79074-460 Campo Grande, Brazil.
| | - Saulo da Luz E Silva
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900 Pirassununga, Brazil.
| | - Lutz Bünger
- AnGeCo, Edinburgh EH17 7LD, house 48, Scotland, UK.
| | - Dave Ross
- Scottish Rural College, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, Edinburgh, UK.
| | | | | | - Francisco Palma Rennó
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900 Pirassununga, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Luis Carlos Vinhas Ítavo
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, 79074-460 Campo Grande, Brazil.
| | - Francisco José de Novais
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900 Pirassununga, Brazil.
| | - Lucy Mery Antonia Surita
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, 79074-460 Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Nadai Bonin
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, 79074-460 Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Marilia Williane Filgueira Pereira
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Senador Filinto Muller, 2443, 79074-460 Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - José Bento Sterman Ferraz
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900 Pirassununga, Brazil.
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Abstract
Abstract Early weaning (EW) has been adopted in cattle breeding farms in Pantanal as a strategy to increase the rate of pregnancy in cows. The primary income of these properties is the production of beef calves, and the price of these animals depends on their weight. Therefore, the calves subjected to EW should present weight similar to or higher than those of calves subjected to conventional weaning (CW). This study aimed to evaluate the productive performance of pure (Nellore) calves and crossbred (Nellore/Angus) calves reared in the Pantanal and subjected to either EW or CW. After EW, the calves were supplemented with concentrate at 1 kg/animal/day (low-energy diet) or 1% of live weight (high-energy diet). The weights adjusted to 300 days of age were higher for EW calves fed the high-energy diet (p<0.01) in both genetic groups. No significant differences were observed in the weight of EW animals fed the low-energy diet and CW animals (p>0.01), and animal weight was 241.17 and 236.27 kg in crossbred calves and 184.44 and 189.78 in Nellore calves, respectively. The EW adopted in this experimental model did not affect the productive performance of calves raised in the Pantanal.
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de Almeida Santana MH, Junior GAO, Cesar ASM, Freua MC, da Costa Gomes R, da Luz E Silva S, Leme PR, Fukumasu H, Carvalho ME, Ventura RV, Coutinho LL, Kadarmideen HN, Ferraz JBS. Copy number variations and genome-wide associations reveal putative genes and metabolic pathways involved with the feed conversion ratio in beef cattle. J Appl Genet 2016; 57:495-504. [PMID: 27001052 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-016-0344-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of genome-wide association results combined with other genomic approaches may uncover genes and metabolic pathways related to complex traits. In this study, the phenotypic and genotypic data of 1475 Nellore (Bos indicus) cattle and 941,033 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used for genome-wide association study (GWAS) and copy number variations (CNVs) analysis in order to identify candidate genes and putative pathways involved with the feed conversion ratio (FCR). The GWAS was based on the Bayes B approach analyzing genomic windows with multiple regression models to estimate the proportion of genetic variance explained by each window. The CNVs were detected with PennCNV software using the log R ratio and B allele frequency data. CNV regions (CNVRs) were identified with CNVRuler and a linear regression was used to associate CNVRs and the FCR. Functional annotation of associated genomic regions was performed with the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and the metabolic pathways were obtained from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). We showed five genomic windows distributed over chromosomes 4, 6, 7, 8, and 24 that explain 12 % of the total genetic variance for FCR, and detected 12 CNVRs (chromosomes 1, 5, 7, 10, and 12) significantly associated [false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05] with the FCR. Significant genomic regions (GWAS and CNV) harbor candidate genes involved in pathways related to energetic, lipid, and protein metabolism. The metabolic pathways found in this study are related to processes directly connected to feed efficiency in beef cattle. It was observed that, even though different genomic regions and genes were found between the two approaches (GWAS and CNV), the metabolic processes covered were related to each other. Therefore, a combination of the approaches complement each other and lead to a better understanding of the FCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Henrique de Almeida Santana
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 7, 1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mateus Castelani Freua
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo da Costa Gomes
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, CNPGC/EMBRAPA, BR 262 km 4, 79002-970, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Saulo da Luz E Silva
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Leme
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Heidge Fukumasu
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Minos Esperândio Carvalho
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Vieira Ventura
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, Brazil.,University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Luiz Lehmann Coutinho
- Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, University of São Paulo, 13418-900, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Haja N Kadarmideen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 7, 1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - José Bento Sterman Ferraz
- Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, 13635-900, Pirassununga, Brazil
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Martello LS, da Luz E Silva S, da Costa Gomes R, da Silva Corte RRP, Leme PR. Infrared thermography as a tool to evaluate body surface temperature and its relationship with feed efficiency in Bos indicus cattle in tropical conditions. Int J Biometeorol 2016; 60:173-81. [PMID: 26070369 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-015-1015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to evaluate the use of infrared thermography (IRT) images as a tool for monitoring body surface temperature and to study its relationship with residual feed intake (RFI) in Nellore cattle. We also evaluated IRT as an indicator of feed efficiency in Bos indicus cattle. In this study, 144 Nellore steers were fed high-concentrate diets for 70 days to evaluate feedlot performance. We examined nine animals classified as high RFI and nine animals classified as low RFI by measuring rectal temperature (RT), respiratory frequency (RF), and IRT in the front, eye, ocular area, cheek, flank, ribs, rump, and front feet. The measurements were taken at 0700, 1200, and 1600 hours. The IRT temperatures measured at the eye, cheek, flank, ribs, rump, and front feet were positively associated with RF and RT. These results indicate that increases in the temperatures are associated with increased RF and RT. There was an effect in the RFI group in the front region where IRT correlates with RT. The front IRT for high-RFI cattle was lower (P < 0.01) than that for low-RFI cattle. The higher skin temperature measured by IRT for animals in the RFI group may be related to improved efficiency of thermoregulatory mechanisms because the RT remained lower in the low-RFI group. IRT can be used in the head for studies related to RFI in beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane Silva Martello
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of São Paulo (FZEA/USP), Pirassununga Campus, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
| | - Saulo da Luz E Silva
- Department of Animal Science, University of São Paulo (FZEA/USP), Pirassununga Campus, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo Roberto Leme
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of São Paulo (FZEA/USP), Pirassununga Campus, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
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