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Sharghi S, Flunkert S, Daurer M, Rabl R, Chagnaud BP, Leopoldo M, Lacivita E, Hutter-Paier B, Prokesch M. Evaluating the effect of R-Baclofen and LP-211 on autistic behavior of the BTBR and Fmr1-KO mouse models. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1087788. [PMID: 37065917 PMCID: PMC10097904 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1087788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a persistent neurodevelopmental condition characterized by two core behavioral symptoms: impaired social communication and interaction, as well as stereotypic, repetitive behavior. No distinct cause of ASD is known so far; however, excitatory/inhibitory imbalance and a disturbed serotoninergic transmission have been identified as prominent candidates responsible for ASD etiology.MethodsThe GABAB receptor agonist R-Baclofen and the selective agonist for the 5HT7 serotonin receptor LP-211 have been reported to correct social deficits and repetitive behaviors in mouse models of ASD. To evaluate the efficacy of these compounds in more details, we treated BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J and B6.129P2-Fmr1tm1Cgr/J mice acutely with R-Baclofen or LP-211 and evaluated the behavior of animals in a series of tests.ResultsBTBR mice showed motor deficits, elevated anxiety, and highly repetitive behavior of self-grooming. Fmr1-KO mice exhibited decreased anxiety and hyperactivity. Additionally, Fmr1-KO mice’s ultrasonic vocalizations were impaired suggesting a reduced social interest and communication of this strain. Acute LP-211 administration did not affect the behavioral abnormalities observed in BTBR mice but improved repetitive behavior in Fmr1-KO mice and showed a trend to change anxiety of this strain. Acute R-Baclofen treatment improved repetitive behavior only in Fmr1-KO mice.ConclusionOur results add value to the current available data on these mouse models and the respective compounds. Yet, additional studies are needed to further test R-Baclofen and LP-211 as potential treatments for ASD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Sharghi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, QPS Austria GmbH, Grambach, Austria
- Institute for Biology, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria
- *Correspondence: Shirin Sharghi,
| | - Stefanie Flunkert
- Department of Neuropharmacology, QPS Austria GmbH, Grambach, Austria
| | - Magdalena Daurer
- Department of Neuropharmacology, QPS Austria GmbH, Grambach, Austria
| | - Roland Rabl
- Department of Neuropharmacology, QPS Austria GmbH, Grambach, Austria
| | | | - Marcello Leopoldo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Enza Lacivita
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Manuela Prokesch
- Department of Neuropharmacology, QPS Austria GmbH, Grambach, Austria
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Babalola JA, Loeffler T, Schilcher I, Breznik L, Rabl R, Sideromenos S, Flunkert S, Prokesch M, Hoefler G, Hutter‐Paier B. Establishing a Type 2 Diabetes phenotype in APPxhQC transgenic mice expressing N‐terminally modified pGlu Aβ peptides. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.066646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Adekunle Babalola
- D&F Institut für Pathologie Medizinische Universität Graz Graz Austria
- QPS Austria GmbH Grambach Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gerald Hoefler
- D&F Institut für Pathologie Medizinische Universität Graz Graz Austria
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Molnar-Kasza A, Hinteregger B, Neddens J, Rabl R, Flunkert S, Hutter-Paier B. Evaluation of Neuropathological Features in the SOD1-G93A Low Copy Number Transgenic Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:681868. [PMID: 34248499 PMCID: PMC8264456 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.681868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) still depicts an incurable and devastating disease. Drug development efforts are mostly based on superoxide dismutase 1 gene (SOD1)-G93A mice that present a very strong and early phenotype, allowing only a short time window for intervention. An alternative mouse model is available, that is based on the same founder line but has a reduced SOD1-G93A copy number, resulting in a weaker and delayed phenotype. To be able to use these SOD1-G93A/low mice for drug testing, we performed a characterization of ALS-typical pathologies. All analyses were performed compared to non-transgenic (ntg) littermates of the same sex and age. In vivo analysis of SOD1-G93A/low mice was performed by weekly body weight measurements, analysis of the survival rate, and measurement of the muscle strength of 24–30 weeks old female and male SOD1-G93A/low mice. Immunofluorescent labeling of SOD1, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) protein was performed in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar ventral horn of the spinal cord of 24–30 weeks old male and female SOD1-G93A/low mice. The musculus gastrocnemius of male SOD1-G93A/low mice was labeled with fluorophore-conjugated α-bungarotoxin and antibodies against phosphorylated neurofilaments. Fluorescent labeling was detected and quantified by macro-based image analysis. Although SOD1 protein levels were highly increased in both sexes and all age groups, levels strongly peaked in 30 weeks old male SOD1-G93A/low mice. Astrocytosis and activated microglia in the spinal cord ventral horn and phosphorylated neurofilaments in the motor unit of the musculus gastrocnemius progressively increased, while muscle strength progressively decreased in male SOD1-G93A/low mice. In female SOD1-G93A/low mice, only activated microglia increased progressively, while muscle strength was constantly reduced starting at 26 weeks. These differences result in a shorter survival time of male SOD1-G93A/low mice of about 3 weeks compared to female animals. The results suggest that male SOD1-G93A/low mice present a stronger pathology and are, therefore, better suitable to evaluate the efficacy of new drugs against ALS as most pathological features are developing progressively paralleled by a survival time that allows treatment to start before symptom onset.
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Grabner GF, Fawzy N, Pribasnig MA, Trieb M, Taschler U, Holzer M, Schweiger M, Wolinski H, Kolb D, Horvath A, Breinbauer R, Rülicke T, Rabl R, Lass A, Stadlbauer V, Hutter-Paier B, Stauber RE, Fickert P, Zechner R, Marsche G, Eichmann TO, Zimmermann R. Metabolic disease and ABHD6 alter the circulating bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphate profile in mice and humans. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:1020-1031. [PMID: 30894461 PMCID: PMC6495172 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m093351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphate (BMP) is a phospholipid that is crucial for lipid degradation and sorting in acidic organelles. Genetic and drug-induced lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are associated with increased BMP concentrations in tissues and in the circulation. Data on BMP in disorders other than LSDs, however, are scarce, and key enzymes regulating BMP metabolism remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that common metabolic disorders and the intracellular BMP hydrolase α/β-hydrolase domain-containing 6 (ABHD6) affect BMP metabolism in mice and humans. In mice, dietary lipid overload strongly affects BMP concentration and FA composition in the liver and plasma, similar to what has been observed in LSDs. Notably, distinct changes in the BMP FA profile enable a clear distinction between lipid overload and drug-induced LSDs. Global deletion of ABHD6 increases circulating BMP concentrations but does not cause LSDs. In humans, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and liver cirrhosis affect the serum BMP FA composition and concentration. Furthermore, we identified a patient with a loss-of-function mutation in the ABHD6 gene, leading to an altered circulating BMP profile. In conclusion, our results suggest that common metabolic diseases and ABHD6 affect BMP metabolism in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gernot F Grabner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nermeen Fawzy
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz Graz, Austria
| | - Maria A Pribasnig
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Trieb
- Division of Pharmacology Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ulrike Taschler
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Holzer
- Division of Pharmacology Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martina Schweiger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heimo Wolinski
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Core Facility Ultrastructure Analysis Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Angela Horvath
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rolf Breinbauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Achim Lass
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz Graz, Austria
| | - Vanessa Stadlbauer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Rudolf E Stauber
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Fickert
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Zechner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz Graz, Austria
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Division of Pharmacology Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas O Eichmann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Center for Explorative Lipidomics Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz Graz, Austria.
| | - Robert Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz Graz, Austria. robert.zimmermann@uni-graz
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Santiago-Mujica E, Flunkert S, Rabl R, Neddens J, Loeffler T, Hutter-Paier B. Hepatic and neuronal phenotype of NPC1 -/- mice. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01293. [PMID: 30923761 PMCID: PMC6423819 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPC) is a fatal autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a defect in the intracellular transport of lipoproteins leading to the accumulation of lipids in diverse tissues. A visceral and neuronal phenotype mimicking human NPC1 disease has been described in NPC1 mutant mice. These mice are by now the most widely used NPC1 rodent model to study NPC and developmental compounds against this devastating disease. Here we characterized NPC1−/− mice for their hepatic and neuronal phenotype to confirm the stability of the phenotype, provide a characterization of disease progression and pinpoint the age of robust phenotype onset. Animals of 4–10 weeks of age were analyzed for general health, motor deficits as well as hepatic and neuronal alterations with a special focus on cerebellar pathology. Our results show that NPC1−/− mice have a reduced general health at the age of 9–10 weeks. Robust motor deficits can be observed even earlier at 8 weeks of age. Hepatic changes included increased organ weight and cholesterol levels at 6 weeks of age accompanied by severely increased liver enzyme levels. Analysis of NPC1−/− brain pathology showed decreased cholesterol and increased Aβ levels in the hippocampus at the age of 6 weeks. Further analysis revealed a decrease of the cytokine IL-12p70 in the cerebellum along with a very early increase of astrocytosis. Hippocampal IL-12p70 levels were increased at the age of 6 weeks followed by increased activated microglia levels. By the age of 10 weeks, also cerebellar Aβ levels were increased along with strongly reduced Calbindin D-28k levels. Our results validate and summarize the progressive development of the hepatic and neuronal phenotype of NPC1−/− mice that starts with cerebellar astrocytosis, making this mouse model a valuable tool for the development of new compounds against NPC.
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Key Words
- AAALAC, Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- ANOVA, Analysis of variance
- AOI, Area of interest
- AP, alkaline phosphatase
- APP, Amyloid Precursor Protein
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- CD45, cluster of differentiation 45
- CNS, central nervous system
- Cell biology
- DAPI, 4′,6-Diamidin-2-phenylindol
- GFAP, Glial fibrillary acidic protein
- IFN-γ, Interferon-gamma
- IL-10/12, Interleukin-10/12
- KC, keratinocyte chemoattractant
- MAP2, microtubuli-associated protein 2
- Molecular biology
- NPC, Niemann-Pick type C
- Neuroscience
- Physiology
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha
- WT, wildtype
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roland Rabl
- QPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074, Grambach, Austria
| | - Joerg Neddens
- QPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074, Grambach, Austria
| | - Tina Loeffler
- QPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074, Grambach, Austria
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Hinteregger B, Madl T, Neddens J, Rabl R, Hutter-Paier B, Wronski R. P2‐238: INTEGRATIVE CHARACTERIZATION OF A RODENT ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE MODEL. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rabl R, Aguilo M, Loeffler T, Neddens J, Lopez-Pardo A, Niederkofler V, Flunkert S, Hutter-Paier B. P4‐032: UNTANGLING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE HALLMARKS IN SENSORY SYSTEMS OF RODENT MODELS. Alzheimers Dement 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Scherz B, Rabl R, Flunkert S, Rohler S, Neddens J, Taub N, Temmel M, Panzenboeck U, Niederkofler V, Zimmermann R, Hutter-Paier B. mTh1 driven expression of hTDP-43 results in typical ALS/FTLD neuropathological symptoms. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197674. [PMID: 29787578 PMCID: PMC5963763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic mouse models are indispensable tools to mimic human diseases and analyze the effectiveness of related new drugs. For a long time amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) research depended on only a few mouse models that exhibit a very strong and early phenotype, e.g. SOD1 mice, resulting in a short treatment time window. By now, several models are available that need to be characterized to highlight characteristics of each model. Here we further characterized the mThy1-hTDP-43 transgenic mouse model TAR6/6 that overexpresses wild type human TARDBP, also called TDP-43, under control of the neuronal Thy-1 promoter presented by Wils and colleagues, 2010, by using biochemical, histological and behavioral readouts. Our results show that TAR6/6 mice exhibit a strong TDP-43 expression in the hippocampus, spinal cord, hypothalamus and medulla oblongata. Apart from prominent protein expression in the nucleus, TDP-43 protein was found at lower levels in the cytosol of transgenic mice. Additionally, we detected insoluble TDP-43 in the cortex, motoneuron loss, and increased neuroinflammation in the central nervous system of TAR6/6 animals. Behavioral analyses revealed early motor deficits in the clasping- and wire suspension test as well as decreased anxiety in the elevated plus maze. Further motor tests showed differences at later time points compared to non-transgenic littermates, thus allowing the observation of onset and severity of such deficits. Together, TAR6/6 mice are a valuable tool to test new ALS/FTLD drugs that target TDP-43 expression and insolubility, neuroinflammation, motoneuron loss or other TDP-43 related downstream signaling pathways since these mice exhibit a later pathology as previously used ALS/FTLD mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Scherz
- QPS Austria GmbH, Grambach, Austria
- Karl-Franzens University, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Siegfried Rohler
- Medical University Graz, Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Ute Panzenboeck
- Medical University Graz, Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Robert Zimmermann
- Karl-Franzens University, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Graz, Austria
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Rabl R, Breitschaedel C, Flunkert S, Duller S, Amschl D, Neddens J, Niederkofler V, Rockenstein E, Masliah E, Roemer H, Hutter-Paier B. Early start of progressive motor deficits in Line 61 α-synuclein transgenic mice. BMC Neurosci 2017; 18:22. [PMID: 28143405 PMCID: PMC5282838 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-017-0341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease or multiple system atrophy are characterized by Lewy bodies in distinct brain areas. These aggregates are mainly formed by α-synuclein inclusions, a protein crucial for synaptic functions in the healthy brain. Transgenic animal models of synucleinopathies are frequently based on over-expression of human wild type or mutated α-synuclein under the regulatory control of different promoters. A promising model is the Line 61 α-synuclein transgenic mouse that expresses the transgene under control of the Thy-1 promoter. RESULTS Here, we show an extended characterization of this mouse model over age. To this end, we analyzed animals for the progression of human and mouse protein expression levels in different brain areas as well as motor and memory deficits. Our results show, that Line 61 mice exhibited an age dependent increase of α-synuclein protein levels in the hippocampus but not the striatum. While murine α-synuclein was also increased with age, it was lower expressed in Line 61 mice than in non-transgenic littermates. At the age of 9 months animals exhibited increased neuroinflammation. Furthermore, we found that Line 61 mice showed severe motor deficits as early as 1 month of age as assessed by the wire hanging and nest building tests. At later ages, initial motor deficits were validated with the RotaRod, pasta gnawing and beam walk tests. At 8 months of age animals exhibited emotional memory deficits as validated with the contextual fear conditioning test. CONCLUSION In summary, our results strengthen and further expand our knowledge about the Line 61 mouse model, emphasizing this mouse model as a valuable in vivo tool to test new compounds directed against synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rabl
- QPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074, Grambach, Austria
| | - C Breitschaedel
- QPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074, Grambach, Austria.,Institute of Zoology, Karl Franzens University, Graz, Austria
| | - S Flunkert
- QPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074, Grambach, Austria
| | - S Duller
- QPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074, Grambach, Austria
| | - D Amschl
- QPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074, Grambach, Austria
| | - J Neddens
- QPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, 8074, Grambach, Austria
| | | | - E Rockenstein
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - E Masliah
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - H Roemer
- Institute of Zoology, Karl Franzens University, Graz, Austria
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Rabl R, Horvath A, Breitschaedel C, Flunkert S, Roemer H, Hutter-Paier B. Quantitative evaluation of orofacial motor function in mice: The pasta gnawing test, a voluntary and stress-free behavior test. J Neurosci Methods 2016; 274:125-130. [PMID: 27746230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluation of motor deficits in rodents is mostly restricted to limb motor tests that are often high stressors for the animals. NEW METHOD To test rodents for orofacial motor impairments in a stress-free environment, we established the pasta gnawing test by measuring the biting noise of mice that eat a piece of spaghetti. Two parameters were evaluated, the biting speed and the biting peaks per biting episode. To evaluate the power of this test compared to commonly used limb motor and muscle strength tests, three mouse models of Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Niemann-Pick disease were tested in the pasta gnawing test, RotaRod and wire suspension test. RESULTS Our results show that the pasta gnawing test reliably displays orofacial motor deficits. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS The test is especially useful as additional motor test in early onset disease models, since it shows first deficits later than the RotaRod or wire suspension test. The test depends on a voluntary eating behavior of the animal with only a short-time food deprivation and should thus be stress-free. CONCLUSIONS The pasta gnawing test represents a valuable tool to analyze orofacial motor deficits in different early onset disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rabl
- QPS Austria GmbH, Neuropharmacology, Parkring 12, 8074 Grambach, Austria.
| | - A Horvath
- QPS Austria GmbH, Neuropharmacology, Parkring 12, 8074 Grambach, Austria.
| | - C Breitschaedel
- QPS Austria GmbH, Neuropharmacology, Parkring 12, 8074 Grambach, Austria; Karl Franzens University, Institute of Zoology, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - S Flunkert
- QPS Austria GmbH, Neuropharmacology, Parkring 12, 8074 Grambach, Austria.
| | - H Roemer
- Karl Franzens University, Institute of Zoology, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - B Hutter-Paier
- QPS Austria GmbH, Neuropharmacology, Parkring 12, 8074 Grambach, Austria.
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Amschl D, Neddens J, Havas D, Flunkert S, Rabl R, Römer H, Rockenstein E, Masliah E, Windisch M, Hutter-Paier B. Time course and progression of wild type α-synuclein accumulation in a transgenic mouse model. BMC Neurosci 2013; 14:6. [PMID: 23302418 PMCID: PMC3546911 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-14-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Progressive accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) protein in different brain regions is a hallmark of synucleinopathic diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy. α-Syn transgenic mouse models have been developed to investigate the effects of α-Syn accumulation on behavioral deficits and neuropathology. However, the onset and progression of pathology in α-Syn transgenic mice have not been fully characterized. For this purpose we investigated the time course of behavioral deficits and neuropathology in PDGF-β human wild type α-Syn transgenic mice (D-Line) between 3 and 12 months of age. Results These mice showed progressive impairment of motor coordination of the limbs that resulted in significant differences compared to non-transgenic littermates at 9 and 12 months of age. Biochemical and immunohistological analyses revealed constantly increasing levels of human α-Syn in different brain areas. Human α-Syn was expressed particularly in somata and neurites of a subset of neocortical and limbic system neurons. Most of these neurons showed immunoreactivity for phosphorylated human α-Syn confined to nuclei and perinuclear cytoplasm. Analyses of the phenotype of α-Syn expressing cells revealed strong expression in dopaminergic olfactory bulb neurons, subsets of GABAergic interneurons and glutamatergic principal cells throughout the telencephalon. We also found human α-Syn expression in immature neurons of both the ventricular zone and the rostral migratory stream, but not in the dentate gyrus. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that the PDGF-β α-Syn transgenic mouse model presents with early and progressive accumulation of human α-Syn that is accompanied by motor deficits. This information is essential for the design of therapeutical studies of synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Amschl
- QPS Austria GmbH, Parkring 12, Grambach 8074, Austria
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12
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Flunkert S, Hierzer M, Löffler T, Rabl R, Neddens J, Duller S, Schofield E, Ward M, Posch M, Jungwirth H, Windisch M, Hutter-Paier B. Elevated Levels of Soluble Total and Hyperphosphorylated Tau Result in Early Behavioral Deficits and Distinct Changes in Brain Pathology in a New Tau Transgenic Mouse Model. NEURODEGENER DIS 2012; 11:194-205. [DOI: 10.1159/000338152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Flunkert S, Heinrich P, Molnar A, Rabl R, Horvath A, Windisch M, Hutter‐Paier B. P3‐012: Association between neuropathology and spatial learning in transgenic hAPPSL × hTAU crossbred mice. Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Neumann E, Rabl R, Martin R, Bayley R. Corrigendum to: ‘‘Temperature jump kinetic study of the stability of apo-calmodulin’’. Biophys Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4622(03)00058-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rabl R. [Not Available]. Jahrb Oberoesterr Musealver 2001; 115:167-98. [PMID: 11635286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Rabl R. [Not Available]. Jahrb Oberoesterr Musealver 2001; 120:237-56. [PMID: 11632419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Rabl R. [Synthetic method of evaluating evolutionary manifestations]. Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb 1982; 128:125-136. [PMID: 7106535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Evolution means life as a dynamic process. It consists of many subprocesses which belong to each other by way of synthesis (meaning that they cannot be conceived of in a purely analytical manner). To grant further existence, these subprocesses must lead to a harmony. Morphological, chemical, and physiological processes are joining each other. This results in certain formations and variations. Furthermore, one must take into account physical and psychic factors. There are organic contexts but the functions of which cannot explain merely by analyzing their single parts. Sudden changes occur that are mirrored in our knowledge. Evolution is not identical with development (for this, the process of growing and the naturation of enzymes must be taken into account). However, evolution and development have in common that they can only be understood in a dynamic, not in a static way.
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Rabl R. [Not Available]. Waage 1970; 9:65-73. [PMID: 11636247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
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Rabl R. [Causes and conditions of the structure of the tubero-mamillary complex in man]. Acta Neuroveg (Wien) 1965; 27:448-71. [PMID: 5887279 DOI: 10.1007/bf01237110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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