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Cheng D, Zinker BA, Luo Y, Shipkova P, De Oliveira CH, Krishna G, Brown EA, Boehm SL, Tirucherai GS, Gu H, Ma Z, Chu CH, Onorato JM, Kopcho LM, Ammar R, Smith J, Devasthale P, Lawrence RM, Stryker SA, Dierks EA, Azzara AV, Carayannopoulos L, Charles ED, Lentz KA, Gordon DA. MGAT2 inhibitor decreases liver fibrosis and inflammation in murine NASH models and reduces body weight in human adults with obesity. Cell Metab 2022; 34:1732-1748.e5. [PMID: 36323235 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (MGAT2) is an important enzyme highly expressed in the human small intestine and liver for the regulation of triglyceride absorption and homeostasis. We report that treatment with BMS-963272, a potent and selective MGAT2 inhibitor, decreased inflammation and fibrosis in CDAHFD and STAM, two murine nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) models. In high-fat-diet-treated cynomolgus monkeys, in contrast to a selective diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) inhibitor, BMS-963272 did not cause diarrhea. In a Phase 1 multiple-dose trial of healthy human adults with obesity (NCT04116632), BMS-963272 was safe and well tolerated with no treatment discontinuations due to adverse events. Consistent with the findings in rodent models, BMS-963272 elevated plasma long-chain dicarboxylic acid, indicating robust pharmacodynamic biomarker modulation; increased gut hormones GLP-1 and PYY; and decreased body weight in human subjects. These data suggest MGAT2 inhibition is a promising therapeutic opportunity for NASH, a disease with high unmet medical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Cheng
- Departments of Discovery Biology Cardiovascular and Fibrosis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA.
| | - Bradley A Zinker
- Departments of Discovery Biology Cardiovascular and Fibrosis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Yi Luo
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Petia Shipkova
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | | | - Gopal Krishna
- ICF Early Clinical Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Brown
- Translational Bioinformatics, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Stephanie L Boehm
- Departments of Discovery Biology Cardiovascular and Fibrosis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | | | - Huidong Gu
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Zhengping Ma
- Departments of Discovery Biology Cardiovascular and Fibrosis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Ching-Hsuen Chu
- Departments of Discovery Biology Cardiovascular and Fibrosis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Joelle M Onorato
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Lisa M Kopcho
- Leads Discovery and Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Ron Ammar
- Translational Bioinformatics, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Julia Smith
- Departments of Discovery Biology Cardiovascular and Fibrosis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Pratik Devasthale
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - R Michael Lawrence
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Steven A Stryker
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Dierks
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Anthony V Azzara
- Departments of Discovery Biology Cardiovascular and Fibrosis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | | | - Edgar D Charles
- Global Drug Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, NJ 08543, USA
| | - Kimberley A Lentz
- Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
| | - David A Gordon
- Departments of Discovery Biology Cardiovascular and Fibrosis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA
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2
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Motzer RJ, Choueiri TK, McDermott DF, Powles T, Vano YA, Gupta S, Yao J, Han C, Ammar R, Papillon-Cavanagh S, Saggi SS, McHenry MB, Ross-Macdonald P, Wind-Rotolo M. Biomarker analysis from CheckMate 214: nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004316. [PMID: 35304405 PMCID: PMC8935174 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phase 3 CheckMate 214 trial demonstrated higher response rates and improved overall survival with nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in first-line therapy for advanced clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). An unmet need exists to identify patients with RCC who are most likely to benefit from treatment with nivolumab plus ipilimumab. METHODS In exploratory analyses, pretreatment levels of programmed death ligand 1 were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Genomic and transcriptomic biomarkers (including tumor mutational burden and gene expression signatures) were also investigated. RESULTS Biomarkers previously associated with benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor-containing regimens in RCC were not predictive for survival in patients with RCC treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab. Analysis of gene expression identified an association between an inflammatory response and progression-free survival with nivolumab plus ipilimumab. CONCLUSIONS The exploratory analyses reveal relationships between molecular biomarkers and provide supportive data on how the inflammation status of the tumor microenvironment may be important for identifying predictive biomarkers of response and survival with combination immunotherapy in patients with RCC. Further validation may help to provide biomarker-driven precision treatment for patients with RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Motzer
- Kidney Cancer Section, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Toni K Choueiri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Yann-Alexandre Vano
- Medical Oncology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, APHP-Centre, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Inflammation, Complement and Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jin Yao
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Celine Han
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ron Ammar
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Shruti S Saggi
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - M Brent McHenry
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Megan Wind-Rotolo
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb Co, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
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3
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Decato BE, Ammar R, Reinke-Breen L, Thompson JR, Azzara AV. Transcriptome analysis reveals key genes modulated by ALK5 inhibition in a bleomycin model of systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:1717-1727. [PMID: 34289031 PMCID: PMC8996787 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective SSc is a rheumatic autoimmune disease affecting roughly 20 000 people worldwide and characterized by excessive collagen accumulation in the skin and internal organs. Despite the high morbidity and mortality associated with SSc, there are no approved disease-modifying agents. Our objective in this study was to explore transcriptomic and model-based drug discovery approaches for SSc. Methods In this study, we explored the molecular basis for SSc pathogenesis in a well-studied mouse model of scleroderma. We profiled the skin and lung transcriptomes of mice at multiple timepoints, analysing the differential gene expression that underscores the development and resolution of bleomycin-induced fibrosis. Results We observed shared expression signatures of upregulation and downregulation in fibrotic skin and lung tissue, and observed significant upregulation of key pro-fibrotic genes including GDF15, Saa3, Cxcl10, Spp1 and Timp1. To identify changes in gene expression in responses to anti-fibrotic therapy, we assessed the effect of TGF-β pathway inhibition via oral ALK5 (TGF-β receptor I) inhibitor SB525334 and observed a time-lagged response in the lung relative to skin. We also implemented a machine learning algorithm that showed promise at predicting lung function using transcriptome data from both skin and lung biopsies. Conclusion This study provides the most comprehensive look at the gene expression dynamics of an animal model of SSc to date, provides a rich dataset for future comparative fibrotic disease research, and helps refine our understanding of pathways at work during SSc pathogenesis and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Decato
- Research & Early Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08543, USA
| | - Ron Ammar
- Research & Early Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08543, USA
| | - Lauren Reinke-Breen
- Research & Early Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08543, USA
| | - John R Thompson
- Research & Early Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08543, USA
| | - Anthony V Azzara
- Research & Early Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Route 206 & Province Line Rd, Lawrenceville, NJ, 08543, USA
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4
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Santockyte R, Jin C, Pratt J, Ammar R, Desai K, Bolisetty M, Das P, Popa-McKiver M, Puig O. Sensitive multiple myeloma disease monitoring by mass spectrometry. Blood Cancer J 2021; 11:78. [PMID: 33927186 PMCID: PMC8084958 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-021-00473-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Santockyte
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrence Township, NJ, USA.
| | - Chelsea Jin
- Biometrics and Data Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrence Township, NJ, USA
| | - James Pratt
- Biometrics and Data Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrence Township, NJ, USA
| | - Ron Ammar
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrence Township, NJ, USA
| | - Keyur Desai
- Biometrics and Data Sciences, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrence Township, NJ, USA
| | - Mohan Bolisetty
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrence Township, NJ, USA
| | - Prianka Das
- Hematology Clinical Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrence Township, NJ, USA
| | - Mihaela Popa-McKiver
- Hematology Clinical Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrence Township, NJ, USA
| | - Oscar Puig
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lawrence Township, NJ, USA. .,Eli Lilly and Company, 450 East 29th St, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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5
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Ross-Macdonald P, Walsh AM, Chasalow SD, Ammar R, Papillon-Cavanagh S, Szabo PM, Choueiri TK, Sznol M, Wind-Rotolo M. Molecular correlates of response to nivolumab at baseline and on treatment in patients with RCC. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e001506. [PMID: 33658305 PMCID: PMC7931766 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nivolumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting the programmed death-1 receptor that improves survival in a subset of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). In contrast to other tumor types that respond to immunotherapy, factors such as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) status and tumor mutational burden show limited predictive utility in ccRCC. To address this gap, we report here the first molecular characterization of nivolumab response using paired index lesions, before and during treatment of metastatic ccRCC. METHODS We analyzed gene expression and T-cell receptor (TCR) clonality using lesion-paired biopsies provided in the CheckMate 009 trial and integrated the results with their PD-L1/CD4/CD8 status, genomic mutation status and serum cytokine assays. Statistical tests included linear mixed models, logistic regression models, Fisher's exact test, and Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test. RESULTS We identified transcripts related to response, both at baseline and on therapy, including several that are amenable to peripheral bioassays or to therapeutic intervention. At both timepoints, response was positively associated with T-cell infiltration but not associated with TCR clonality, and some non-Responders were highly infiltrated. Lower baseline T-cell infiltration correlated with elevated transcription of Wnt/β-catenin signaling components and hypoxia-regulated genes, including the Treg chemoattractant CCL28. On treatment, analysis of the non-responding patients whose tumors were highly T-cell infiltrated suggests association of the RIG-I-MDA5 pathway in their nivolumab resistance. We also analyzed our data using previous transcriptional classifications of ccRCC and found they concordantly identified a molecular subtype that has enhanced nivolumab response but is sunitinib-resistant. CONCLUSION Our study describes molecular characteristics of response and resistance to nivolumab in patients with metastatic ccRCC, potentially impacting patient selection and first-line treatment decisions. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01358721.
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MESH Headings
- B7-H1 Antigen/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- CD4 Antigens/genetics
- CD8 Antigens/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/blood
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/immunology
- Cytokines/blood
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Humans
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Kidney Neoplasms/blood
- Kidney Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Mutation
- Nivolumab/adverse effects
- Nivolumab/therapeutic use
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice M Walsh
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Scott D Chasalow
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ron Ammar
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Peter M Szabo
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Toni K Choueiri
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mario Sznol
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Megan Wind-Rotolo
- Translational Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
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6
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Sivakumar P, Ammar R, Thompson JR, Luo Y, Streltsov D, Porteous M, McCoubrey C, Cantu E, Beers MF, Jarai G, Christie JD. Integrated plasma proteomics and lung transcriptomics reveal novel biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2021; 22:273. [PMID: 34689792 PMCID: PMC8543878 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01860-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease with a significant unmet medical need. Development of transformational therapies for IPF is challenging in part to due to lack of robust predictive biomarkers of prognosis and treatment response. Importantly, circulating biomarkers of IPF are limited and none are in clinical use. METHODS We previously reported dysregulated pathways and new disease biomarkers in advanced IPF through RNA sequencing of lung tissues from a cohort of transplant-stage IPF patients (n = 36) in comparison to normal healthy donors (n = 19) and patients with acute lung injury (n = 11). Here we performed proteomic profiling of matching plasma samples from these cohorts through the Somascan-1300 SomaLogics platform. RESULTS Comparative analyses of lung transcriptomic and plasma proteomic signatures identified a set of 34 differentially expressed analytes (fold change (FC) ≥ ± 1.5, false discovery ratio (FDR) ≤ 0.1) in IPF samples compared to healthy controls. IPF samples showed strong enrichment of chemotaxis, tumor infiltration and mast cell migration pathways and downregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Mucosal (CCL25 and CCL28) and Th2 (CCL17 and CCL22) chemokines were markedly upregulated in IPF and highly correlated within the subjects. The mast cell maturation chemokine, CXCL12, was also upregulated in IPF plasma (fold change 1.92, FDR 0.006) and significantly correlated (Pearson r = - 0.38, p = 0.022) to lung function (%predicted FVC), with a concomitant increase in the mast cell Tryptase, TPSB2. Markers of collagen III and VI degradation (C3M and C6M) were significantly downregulated (C3M p < 0.001 and C6M p < 0.0001 IPF vs control) and correlated, Pearson r = 0.77) in advanced IPF consistent with altered ECM homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies a panel of tissue and circulating biomarkers with clinical utility in IPF that can be validated in future studies across larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitchumani Sivakumar
- grid.419971.30000 0004 0374 8313Translational Early Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Road, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA
| | - Ron Ammar
- grid.419971.30000 0004 0374 8313Informatics and Predictive Sciences, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, NJ USA
| | - John Ryan Thompson
- grid.419971.30000 0004 0374 8313Informatics and Predictive Sciences, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, NJ USA
| | - Yi Luo
- grid.419971.30000 0004 0374 8313Translational Medicine, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, NJ USA
| | - Denis Streltsov
- grid.419971.30000 0004 0374 8313Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, NJ USA
| | - Mary Porteous
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Carly McCoubrey
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Edward Cantu
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Michael F. Beers
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972PENN Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Gabor Jarai
- grid.419971.30000 0004 0374 8313Fibrosis Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, NJ USA
| | - Jason D. Christie
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA ,grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972PENN Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
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Aroui H, Kalboussi H, Koubaa A, Gaddour A, Aloui A, Kraiem H, Ammar R, Kacem I, Guedri S, Maoua M, Brahem A, Maalel OE, Chatti S, Mrizek N. Déséquilibre efforts/récompenses des équipes mobiles d’urgence pré-hospitalière tunisienne. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2020.03.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Heni S, Ammar R, Barhoumi H, Chtara K, Bahloul M, Bouaziz M. Post-traumatic acute renal failure: The epidemiological, clinical, etiological aspects and the predictive factors for the occurrence of post-traumatic AKI. Nephrol Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2020.07.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Motzer RJ, Choueiri TK, McDermott DF, Powles T, Yao J, Ammar R, Papillon-Cavanagh S, Saggi SS, McHenry BM, Ross-Macdonald P, Wind-Rotolo M. Biomarker analyses from the phase III CheckMate 214 trial of nivolumab plus ipilimumab (N+I) or sunitinib (S) in advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). J Clin Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.5009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
5009 Background: In CheckMate 214 (NCT02231749), N+I demonstrated superior clinical outcomes vs S in patients (pts) with aRCC. Here, we report exploratory biomarker analyses of pretreatment tumor samples relative to outcomes. Methods: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded aRCC samples were characterized by immunohistochemistry (tumor programmed death ligand 1 [PD-L1], n = 992; PD-L1 combined positive score [CPS], n = 980), whole exome sequencing (WES; tumor mutational burden, indel burden, HLA class I zygosity, and PBRM1 mutation status; n = 481), and RNAseq (n = 213). Gene signature scores were calculated as the median value of Z-scored expression for transcripts. Association with outcome was tested using Fisher’s exact test and Cox proportional hazards model. With ≥ 42 mo follow-up, prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) with N+I ( < or ≥ 18 mo; n = 82 vs 27, respectively) was analyzed by limma and gene set enrichment analysis of Hallmark gene sets (MSigDB). Results: PD-L1 CPS did not have improved predictive power over tumor PD-L1. The WES-derived biomarkers were not associated with outcomes in pts treated with N+I or S. For the RNAseq cohort, objective response rates (ORR) for pts with ≥ median scores, and hazard ratios (HR) relative to < median are shown (Table). A higher angiogenesis (Angio) gene signature score was associated with higher ORR and PFS for S; lower Angio score was associated with higher ORR in N+I. Immune signature scores were not predictive for ORR in N+I. Prolonged PFS with N+I (≥ 18 mo, n = 27) was associated with higher expression of Hallmark inflammatory response and Hallmark epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) gene sets (both adjusted P = 0.002). Conclusions: The Angio gene signature was associated with ORR for S (high score) and N+I (low score). Prolonged PFS in 27 pts receiving N+I was linked with inflammation (consistent with findings from PD-1 blockade monotherapy), but associated with EMT-related transcripts (in contrast with findings in other tumor types). Further validation of these exploratory analyses will be required. Clinical trial information: NCT02231749 . [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jin Yao
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ
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10
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Anderson BR, Jensen ML, Hagedorn PH, Little SC, Olson RE, Ammar R, Kienzle B, Thompson J, McDonald I, Mercer S, Vikesaa J, Nordbo B, Iben L, Cao Y, Natale J, Dalton-Kay G, Cacace A, Hansen BR, Hedtjärn M, Koch T, Bristow LJ. Allele-Selective Knockdown of MYH7 Using Antisense Oligonucleotides. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2020; 19:1290-1298. [PMID: 32092825 PMCID: PMC7033438 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of dominant-negative myosin mutations have been identified that lead to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and the biomechanical link between mutation and disease is heterogeneous across this patient population. To increase the therapeutic feasibility of treating this diverse genetic population, we investigated the ability of locked nucleic acid (LNA)-modified antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to selectively knock down mutant myosin transcripts by targeting single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were found to be common in the myosin heavy chain 7 (MYH7) gene. We identified three SNPs in MYH7 and designed ASO libraries to selectively target either the reference or alternate MYH7 sequence. We identified ASOs that selectively knocked down either the reference or alternate allele at all three SNP regions. We also show allele-selective knockdown in a mouse model that was humanized on one allele. These results suggest that SNP-targeting ASOs are a promising therapeutic modality for treating cardiac pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Anderson
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
| | - Marianne L Jensen
- RNA Therapeutics Research, Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Peter H Hagedorn
- RNA Therapeutics Research, Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Sean C Little
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Richard E Olson
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Ron Ammar
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Bernadette Kienzle
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - John Thompson
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Ivar McDonald
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Stephen Mercer
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Jonas Vikesaa
- RNA Therapeutics Research, Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Bettina Nordbo
- RNA Therapeutics Research, Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Larry Iben
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Yang Cao
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Joanne Natale
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Greg Dalton-Kay
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Angela Cacace
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Bo R Hansen
- RNA Therapeutics Research, Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Maj Hedtjärn
- RNA Therapeutics Research, Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Troels Koch
- RNA Therapeutics Research, Therapeutic Modalities, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Linda J Bristow
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, 3551 Lawrenceville Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
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11
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Sivakumar P, Thompson JR, Ammar R, Porteous M, McCoubrey C, Cantu E, Ravi K, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Streltsov D, Beers MF, Jarai G, Christie JD. RNA sequencing of transplant-stage idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lung reveals unique pathway regulation. ERJ Open Res 2019; 5:00117-2019. [PMID: 31423451 PMCID: PMC6689672 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00117-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the scarring of lung parenchyma resulting in the loss of lung function, remains a fatal disease with a significant unmet medical need. Patients with severe IPF often develop acute exacerbations resulting in the rapid deterioration of lung function, requiring transplantation. Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to IPF is key to develop novel therapeutic approaches for end-stage disease. We report here RNA-sequencing analyses of lung tissues from a cohort of patients with transplant-stage IPF (n=36), compared with acute lung injury (ALI) (n=11) and nondisease controls (n=19), that reveal a robust gene expression signature unique to end-stage IPF. In addition to extracellular matrix remodelling pathways, we identified pathways associated with T-cell infiltration/activation, tumour development, and cholesterol homeostasis, as well as novel alternatively spliced transcripts that are differentially regulated in the advanced IPF lung versus ALI or nondisease controls. Additionally, we show a subset of genes that are correlated with percent predicted forced vital capacity and could reflect disease severity. Our results establish a robust transcriptomic fingerprint of an advanced IPF lung that is distinct from previously reported microarray signatures of moderate, stable or progressive IPF and identifies hitherto unknown candidate targets and pathways for therapeutic intervention in late-stage IPF as well as biomarkers to characterise disease progression and enable patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitchumani Sivakumar
- Fibrosis Translational Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton NJ, USA
| | - John Ryan Thompson
- Translational Bioinformatics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton NJ, USA
| | - Ron Ammar
- Translational Bioinformatics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton NJ, USA
| | - Mary Porteous
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, USA
| | - Carly McCoubrey
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, USA
| | - Edward Cantu
- Surgery Dept, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, USA
| | - Kandasamy Ravi
- Integrated Genomics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton NJ, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Integrated Genomics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton NJ, USA
| | - Yi Luo
- Clinical Biomarkers, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton NJ, USA
| | - Denis Streltsov
- Fibrosis Translational Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton NJ, USA
| | - Michael F Beers
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, USA.,PENN Center for Pulmonary Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, USA
| | - Gabor Jarai
- Fibrosis Translational Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton NJ, USA
| | - Jason D Christie
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, USA.,PENN Center for Pulmonary Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, USA
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12
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Ammar R, Sivakumar P, Jarai G, Thompson JR. A robust data-driven genomic signature for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with applications for translational model selection. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215565. [PMID: 30998768 PMCID: PMC6472794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive lung disease affecting ~5 million people globally. We have constructed an accurate model of IPF disease status using elastic net regularized regression on clinical gene expression data. Leveraging whole transcriptome microarray data from 230 IPF and 89 control samples from Yang et al. (2013), sourced from the Lung Tissue Research Consortium (LTRC) and National Jewish Health (NJH) cohorts, we identify an IPF gene expression signature. We performed optimal feature selection to reduce the number of transcripts required by our model to a parsimonious set of 15. This signature enables our model to accurately separate IPF patients from controls. Our model outperforms existing published models when tested with multiple independent clinical cohorts. Our study underscores the utility of elastic nets for gene signature/panel selection which can be used for the construction of a multianalyte biomarker of disease. We also filter the gene sets used for model input to construct a model reliant on secreted proteins. Using this approach, we identify the preclinical bleomycin rat model that is most congruent with human disease at day 21 post-bleomycin administration, contrasting with earlier timepoints suggested by other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Ammar
- Translational Bioinformatics, Translational Medicine, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Pitchumani Sivakumar
- Fibrosis, Translational Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - Gabor Jarai
- Fibrosis, Translational Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
| | - John Ryan Thompson
- Translational Bioinformatics, Translational Medicine, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States of America
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13
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Huang X, Li L, Ammar R, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ravi K, Thompson J, Jarai G. Molecular characterization of a precision-cut rat lung slice model for the evaluation of antifibrotic drugs. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L348-L357. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00339.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The translation of novel pulmonary fibrosis therapies from preclinical models into the clinic represents a major challenge demonstrated by the high attrition rate of compounds that showed efficacy in preclinical models but demonstrated no significant beneficial effects in clinical trials. A precision-cut lung tissue slice (PCLS) contains all major cell types of the lung and preserves the original cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts. It represents a promising ex vivo model to study pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, using RNA sequencing, we demonstrated that transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) induced robust fibrotic responses in the rat PCLS model, as it changed the expression of genes functionally related to extracellular matrix remodeling, cell adhesion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and various immune responses. Nintedanib, pirfenidone, and sorafenib each reversed a subset of genes modulated by TGFβ1, and of those genes we identified 229 whose expression was reversed by all three drugs. These genes define a molecular signature characterizing many aspects of pulmonary fibrosis pathology and its attenuation in the rat PCLS fibrosis model. A panel of 12 genes and three secreted biomarkers, including procollagen I, hyaluronic acid, and WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 were validated as efficacy end points for the evaluation of antifibrotic activity of experimental compounds. Finally, we showed that blockade of αV-integrins suppressed TGFβ1-induced fibrotic responses in the rat PCLS fibrosis model. Overall, our results suggest that the TGFβ1-induced rat PCLS fibrosis model may represent a valuable system for target validation and to determine the efficacy of experimental compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqiang Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Ron Ammar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Yihe Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Kandasamy Ravi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - John Thompson
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Gabor Jarai
- Department of Cardiovascular and Fibrotic Diseases Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
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14
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Huang X, Cai H, Ammar R, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ravi K, Thompson J, Jarai G. Molecular characterization of a precision-cut rat liver slice model for the evaluation of antifibrotic compounds. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 316:G15-G24. [PMID: 30406699 PMCID: PMC6383382 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00281.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Precision-cut liver tissue slice (PCLS) contains all major cell types of the liver parenchyma and preserves the original cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts. It represents a promising ex vivo model to study liver fibrosis and test the antifibrotic effect of experimental compounds in a physiological environment. In this study using RNA sequencing, we demonstrated that various pathways functionally related to fibrotic mechanisms were dysregulated in PCLSs derived from rats subjected to bile duct ligation. The activin receptor-like kinase-5 (Alk5) inhibitor SB525334, nintedanib, and sorafenib each reversed a subset of genes dysregulated in fibrotic PCLSs, and of those genes we identified 608 genes whose expression was reversed by all three compounds. These genes define a molecular signature characterizing many aspects of liver fibrosis pathology and its attenuation in the model. A panel of 12 genes and 4 secreted biomarkers including procollagen I, hyaluronic acid (HA), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5), and WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) were further validated as efficacy end points for the evaluation of antifibrotic activity of experimental compounds. Finally, we showed that blockade of αV-integrins with a small molecule inhibitor attenuated the fibrotic phenotype in the model. Overall, our results suggest that the rat fibrotic PCLS model may represent a valuable system for target validation and determining the efficacy of experimental compounds. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated the antifibrotic activity of three compounds, the activin receptor-like kinase-5 (Alk5) inhibitor SB525334, nintedanib, and sorafenib, in a rat fibrotic precision-cut liver tissue slice model using RNA sequencing analysis. A panel of 12 genes and 4 secreted biomarkers including procollagen I, hyaluronic acid (HA), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5), and WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) were then established as efficacy end points to validate the antifibrotic activity of the αV-integrin inhibitor CWHM12. This study demonstrated the value of the rat fibrotic PCLS model for the evaluation of antifibrotic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong Cai
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Ron Ammar
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Yan Zhang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | - Yihe Wang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
| | | | | | - Gabor Jarai
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pennington, New Jersey
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15
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Ennouri M, Bahloul E, Ammar R, Smahi A, Marrakchi S, Turki H, Bougacha N. Prévalence de la mutation p.L27P du gène IL36RN dans le psoriasis dans le sud tunisien : hétérogénéité génétique. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2018.09.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Bandyopadhyay S, Maldonado MA, Ammar R, Schiff M, Weinblatt M, Fleischmann R, Connolly SE. 221 Development of abatacept- and adalimumab-specific predictive models of response to therapy in rheumatoid arthritis using data from a head-to-head study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key075.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ron Ammar
- Translational Bioinformatics, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Michael Schiff
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Michael Weinblatt
- Division of Rheumatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roy Fleischmann
- Metroplex Clinical Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sean E Connolly
- Marketed Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
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17
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Chakroun-Walha O, Karray R, Jerbi M, Ben Rebeh A, Jammeli C, Bahloul M, Ammar R, Chabchoub I, Bouaziz M, Nasri A, Rekik N. Value of troponin levels in the diagnosis of cardiac dysfunction in moderate scorpion envenomation. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017; 37:580-586. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327117722822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Context: Cardiac dysfunction is one of the most serious consequences of scorpion envenomation. The best tool to evaluate cardiac function is echocardiography, but it is not available at all emergency departments. Many studies aimed to describe biological predictive factors of cardiac dysfunction in scorpion envenomation. Troponin is one of these biomarkers but its correlation with myocarditis is not well established. The aim of this study was to evaluate correlation between troponin levels and cardiac dysfunction in moderate scorpion envenomation. Methods: A retrospective monocentric study including patients admitted in the emergency department for moderate scorpion envenomation with troponin measurement during their early management. On arrival, an electrocardiogram and a chest X-ray were realized for all patients. Results: We enrolled 132 patients with a mean age at 31.3 ± 24.4 years and a 1.35 sex-ratio. All patients had moderate systemic manifestations. There were 28 patients with clinical manifestations of cardiac dysfunction without life-threatening troubles (21.2%). Troponin was undetectable in 69 patients (56%). The mean value of troponin level (pg/ml) was higher in patients with clinical manifestations of left ventricular dysfunction (1.80 ± 3.8 vs. 0.11 ± 0.5; p = 0.02). Troponin levels were significantly higher in patients with positive T wave on electrocardiogram. Conclusion: In patients with moderate scorpion envenomation with positive T wave, high values of troponin suggest the presence of cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Chakroun-Walha
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - R Karray
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - M Jerbi
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - A Ben Rebeh
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - C Jammeli
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - M Bahloul
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - R Ammar
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - I Chabchoub
- Paediatric Department, University Hospital Hedi Chaker Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - M Bouaziz
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - A Nasri
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - N Rekik
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Karim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Ain Shams University; Cairo United Arab Republic
| | - S. Yassin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Ain Shams University; Cairo United Arab Republic
| | - R. Ammar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Ain Shams University; Cairo United Arab Republic
| | - S. El Mahgoub
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Ain Shams University; Cairo United Arab Republic
| | - B. El Ganzoury
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Ain Shams University; Cairo United Arab Republic
| | - F. Fikri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Ain Shams University; Cairo United Arab Republic
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19
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20
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Shekhar-Guturja T, Gunaherath GMKB, Wijeratne EMK, Lambert JP, Averette AF, Lee SC, Kim T, Bahn YS, Tripodi F, Ammar R, Döhl K, Niewola-Staszkowska K, Schmitt L, Loewith RJ, Roth FP, Sanglard D, Andes D, Nislow C, Coccetti P, Gingras AC, Heitman J, Gunatilaka AAL, Cowen LE. Dual action antifungal small molecule modulates multidrug efflux and TOR signaling. Nat Chem Biol 2016; 12:867-75. [PMID: 27571477 PMCID: PMC5030160 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for new strategies to treat invasive fungal infections, which are a leading cause of human mortality. Here, we establish two activities of the natural product beauvericin, which potentiates the activity of the most widely deployed class of antifungal against the leading human fungal pathogens, blocks the emergence of drug resistance, and renders antifungal-resistant pathogens responsive to treatment in mammalian infection models. Harnessing genome sequencing of beauvericin-resistant mutants, affinity purification of a biotinylated beauvericin analog, and biochemical and genetic assays reveals that beauvericin blocks multidrug efflux and inhibits the global regulator TORC1 kinase, thereby activating the protein kinase CK2 and inhibiting the molecular chaperone Hsp90. Substitutions in the multidrug transporter Pdr5 that enable beauvericin efflux impair antifungal efflux, thereby impeding resistance to the drug combination. Thus, dual targeting of multidrug efflux and TOR signaling provides a powerful, broadly effective therapeutic strategy for treating fungal infectious disease that evades resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G M Kamal B Gunaherath
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - E M Kithsiri Wijeratne
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Lambert
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna F Averette
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Soo Chan Lee
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Taeyup Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yong-Sun Bahn
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Farida Tripodi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca and SYSBIO, Centre of Systems Biology, Milan, Italy
| | - Ron Ammar
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katja Döhl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Lutz Schmitt
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Robbie J Loewith
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Frederick P Roth
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dominique Sanglard
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Lausanne and University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Andes
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Corey Nislow
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paola Coccetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca and SYSBIO, Centre of Systems Biology, Milan, Italy
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph Heitman
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - A A Leslie Gunatilaka
- Natural Products Center, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Leah E Cowen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Kim SH, Clark ST, Surendra A, Copeland JK, Wang PW, Ammar R, Collins C, Tullis DE, Nislow C, Hwang DM, Guttman DS, Cowen LE. Global Analysis of the Fungal Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis Patients Reveals Loss of Function of the Transcriptional Repressor Nrg1 as a Mechanism of Pathogen Adaptation. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005308. [PMID: 26588216 PMCID: PMC4654494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiome shapes diverse facets of human biology and disease, with the importance of fungi only beginning to be appreciated. Microbial communities infiltrate diverse anatomical sites as with the respiratory tract of healthy humans and those with diseases such as cystic fibrosis, where chronic colonization and infection lead to clinical decline. Although fungi are frequently recovered from cystic fibrosis patient sputum samples and have been associated with deterioration of lung function, understanding of species and population dynamics remains in its infancy. Here, we coupled high-throughput sequencing of the ribosomal RNA internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) with phenotypic and genotypic analyses of fungi from 89 sputum samples from 28 cystic fibrosis patients. Fungal communities defined by sequencing were concordant with those defined by culture-based analyses of 1,603 isolates from the same samples. Different patients harbored distinct fungal communities. There were detectable trends, however, including colonization with Candida and Aspergillus species, which was not perturbed by clinical exacerbation or treatment. We identified considerable inter- and intra-species phenotypic variation in traits important for host adaptation, including antifungal drug resistance and morphogenesis. While variation in drug resistance was largely between species, striking variation in morphogenesis emerged within Candida species. Filamentation was uncoupled from inducing cues in 28 Candida isolates recovered from six patients. The filamentous isolates were resistant to the filamentation-repressive effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, implicating inter-kingdom interactions as the selective force. Genome sequencing revealed that all but one of the filamentous isolates harbored mutations in the transcriptional repressor NRG1; such mutations were necessary and sufficient for the filamentous phenotype. Six independent nrg1 mutations arose in Candida isolates from different patients, providing a poignant example of parallel evolution. Together, this combined clinical-genomic approach provides a high-resolution portrait of the fungal microbiome of cystic fibrosis patient lungs and identifies a genetic basis of pathogen adaptation. Microbial cells vastly outnumber human cells in our bodies, yet we are only beginning to understand how these microbes influence human health and disease. One disease for which microbial communities are especially important is cystic fibrosis, where persistent lung infections can be lethal. Fungi are associated with poor respiratory function, but how fungal communities change with disease progression or treatment remains enigmatic. Here, we assess the dynamics of fungal communities by combining high-throughput sequencing of sputum samples from 28 patients with detailed analysis of phenotypes and genotypes of 1,603 fungal isolates. We found stable communities dominated by Candida and Aspergillus, and diversity in traits important for host adaptation. Antifungal drug resistance varied largely between species, while morphogenesis varied within species. For Candida species, the capacity to transition between yeast and filaments is a key virulence trait that is normally regulated by inducing cues, however, 28 isolates grew as filaments without such cues. Filamentation was due to loss-of-function mutations in the transcriptional regulator NRG1 in most isolates, which conferred resistance to the filament-repressive effects of a common bacterial pathogen. This work provides a portrait of the fungal microbiome associated with a lethal disease, and illuminates a genetic basis of pathogen adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hu Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shawn T. Clark
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anuradha Surendra
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia K. Copeland
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pauline W. Wang
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ron Ammar
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cathy Collins
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Corey Nislow
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David M. Hwang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David S. Guttman
- Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leah E. Cowen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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22
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Abstract
Haplotypes are often critical for the interpretation of genetic laboratory observations into medically actionable findings. Current massively parallel DNA sequencing technologies produce short sequence reads that are often unable to resolve haplotype information. Phasing short read data typically requires supplemental statistical phasing based on known haplotype structure in the population or parental genotypic data. Here we demonstrate that the MinION nanopore sequencer is capable of producing very long reads to resolve both variants and haplotypes of HLA-A, HLA-B and CYP2D6 genes important in determining patient drug response in sample NA12878 of CEPH/UTAH pedigree 1463, without the need for statistical phasing. Long read data from a single 24-hour nanopore sequencing run was used to reconstruct haplotypes, which were confirmed by HapMap data and statistically phased Complete Genomics and Sequenom genotypes. Our results demonstrate that nanopore sequencing is an emerging standalone technology with potential utility in a clinical environment to aid in medical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Ammar
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S3E1, Canada
| | - Tara A Paton
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Dax Torti
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S3E1, Canada
| | - Adam Shlien
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; Program in Genetics and Genome Biology & Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S3E1, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S3G4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
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Abstract
Haplotypes are often critical for the interpretation of genetic laboratory observations into medically actionable findings. Current massively parallel DNA sequencing technologies produce short sequence reads that are often unable to resolve haplotype information. Phasing short read data typically requires supplemental statistical phasing based on known haplotype structure in the population or parental genotypic data. Here we demonstrate that the MinION nanopore sequencer is capable of producing very long reads to resolve both variants and haplotypes of HLA-A, HLA-B and CYP2D6 genes important in determining patient drug response in sample NA12878 of CEPH/UTAH pedigree 1463, without the need for statistical phasing. Long read data from a single 24-hour nanopore sequencing run was used to reconstruct haplotypes, which were confirmed by HapMap data and statistically phased Complete Genomics and Sequenom genotypes. Our results demonstrate that nanopore sequencing is an emerging standalone technology with potential utility in a clinical environment to aid in medical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Ammar
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S3E1, Canada
| | - Tara A Paton
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G0A4, Canada
| | - Dax Torti
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S3E1, Canada
| | - Adam Shlien
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto; Program in Genetics and Genome Biology & Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S3E1, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S3G4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S1A8, Canada
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Hill JA, Ammar R, Torti D, Nislow C, Cowen LE. Genetic and genomic architecture of the evolution of resistance to antifungal drug combinations. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003390. [PMID: 23593013 PMCID: PMC3617151 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of drug resistance in fungal pathogens compromises the efficacy of the limited number of antifungal drugs. Drug combinations have emerged as a powerful strategy to enhance antifungal efficacy and abrogate drug resistance, but the impact on the evolution of drug resistance remains largely unexplored. Targeting the molecular chaperone Hsp90 or its downstream effector, the protein phosphatase calcineurin, abrogates resistance to the most widely deployed antifungals, the azoles, which inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis. Here, we evolved experimental populations of the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the leading human fungal pathogen Candida albicans with azole and an inhibitor of Hsp90, geldanamycin, or calcineurin, FK506. To recapitulate a clinical context where Hsp90 or calcineurin inhibitors could be utilized in combination with azoles to render resistant pathogens responsive to treatment, the evolution experiment was initiated with strains that are resistant to azoles in a manner that depends on Hsp90 and calcineurin. Of the 290 lineages initiated, most went extinct, yet 14 evolved resistance to the drug combination. Drug target mutations that conferred resistance to geldanamycin or FK506 were identified and validated in five evolved lineages. Whole-genome sequencing identified mutations in a gene encoding a transcriptional activator of drug efflux pumps, PDR1, and a gene encoding a transcriptional repressor of ergosterol biosynthesis genes, MOT3, that transformed azole resistance of two lineages from dependent on calcineurin to independent of this regulator. Resistance also arose by mutation that truncated the catalytic subunit of calcineurin, and by mutation in LCB1, encoding a sphingolipid biosynthetic enzyme. Genome analysis revealed extensive aneuploidy in four of the C. albicans lineages. Thus, we identify molecular determinants of the transition of azole resistance from calcineurin dependence to independence and establish multiple mechanisms by which resistance to drug combinations evolves, providing a foundation for predicting and preventing the evolution of drug resistance. Fungal infections are a leading cause of mortality worldwide and are difficult to treat due to the limited number of antifungal drugs, whose effectiveness is compromised by the emergence of drug resistance. A powerful strategy to combat drug resistance is combination therapy. Inhibiting the molecular chaperone Hsp90 or its downstream effector calcineurin cripples fungal stress responses and abrogates drug resistance. Here we provide the first analysis of the genetic and genomic changes that underpin the evolution of resistance to antifungal drug combinations in the leading human fungal pathogen, Candida albicans, and model yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We evolved experimental populations with combinations of inhibitors of Hsp90 or calcineurin and the most widely used antifungal in the clinic, the azoles, which inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis. We harnessed whole-genome sequencing to identify diverse resistance mutations among the 14 lineages that evolved resistance to the drug combination. These included mutations in genes encoding the drug targets, a transcriptional regulator of multidrug transporters, a transcriptional repressor of ergosterol biosynthesis enzymes, and a regulator of sphingolipid biosynthesis. We also identified extensive aneuploidies in several C. albicans lineages. Our study reveals multiple mechanisms by which resistance to drug combination can evolve, suggesting new strategies to combat drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Hill
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ron Ammar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dax Torti
- Donnelly Sequencing Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Corey Nislow
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leah E. Cowen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Ammar R, Torti D, Tsui K, Gebbia M, Durbic T, Bader GD, Giaever G, Nislow C. Chromatin is an ancient innovation conserved between Archaea and Eukarya. eLife 2012; 1:e00078. [PMID: 23240084 PMCID: PMC3510453 DOI: 10.7554/elife.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic nucleosome is the fundamental unit of chromatin, comprising a protein octamer that wraps ∼147 bp of DNA and has essential roles in DNA compaction, replication and gene expression. Nucleosomes and chromatin have historically been considered to be unique to eukaryotes, yet studies of select archaea have identified homologs of histone proteins that assemble into tetrameric nucleosomes. Here we report the first archaeal genome-wide nucleosome occupancy map, as observed in the halophile Haloferax volcanii. Nucleosome occupancy was compared with gene expression by compiling a comprehensive transcriptome of Hfx. volcanii. We found that archaeal transcripts possess hallmarks of eukaryotic chromatin structure: nucleosome-depleted regions at transcriptional start sites and conserved -1 and +1 promoter nucleosomes. Our observations demonstrate that histones and chromatin architecture evolved before the divergence of Archaea and Eukarya, suggesting that the fundamental role of chromatin in the regulation of gene expression is ancient.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00078.001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Ammar
- Department of Molecular Genetics , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada ; Donnelly Centre , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
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Rahman M, Ammar R, Abdullah D, Chedid F, Abuhasna S. Bronchoscope-guided percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy performed by an experienced intensivist: a 26-month experience at a tertiary care center in United Arab Emirates. Crit Care 2012; 16. [PMCID: PMC3363560 DOI: 10.1186/cc10749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Rahman
- Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - R Ammar
- Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - D Abdullah
- Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - F Chedid
- Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Abuhasna
- Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Ketela T, Heisler LE, Brown KR, Ammar R, Kasimer D, Surendra A, Ericson E, Blakely K, Karamboulas D, Smith AM, Durbic T, Arnoldo A, Cheung-Ong K, Koh JLY, Gopal S, Cowley GS, Yang X, Grenier JK, Giaever G, Root DE, Moffat J, Nislow C. A comprehensive platform for highly multiplexed mammalian functional genetic screens. BMC Genomics 2011; 12:213. [PMID: 21548937 PMCID: PMC3115879 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genome-wide screening in human and mouse cells using RNA interference and open reading frame over-expression libraries is rapidly becoming a viable experimental approach for many research labs. There are a variety of gene expression modulation libraries commercially available, however, detailed and validated protocols as well as the reagents necessary for deconvolving genome-scale gene screens using these libraries are lacking. As a solution, we designed a comprehensive platform for highly multiplexed functional genetic screens in human, mouse and yeast cells using popular, commercially available gene modulation libraries. The Gene Modulation Array Platform (GMAP) is a single microarray-based detection solution for deconvolution of loss and gain-of-function pooled screens. Results Experiments with specially constructed lentiviral-based plasmid pools containing ~78,000 shRNAs demonstrated that the GMAP is capable of deconvolving genome-wide shRNA "dropout" screens. Further experiments with a larger, ~90,000 shRNA pool demonstrate that equivalent results are obtained from plasmid pools and from genomic DNA derived from lentivirus infected cells. Parallel testing of large shRNA pools using GMAP and next-generation sequencing methods revealed that the two methods provide valid and complementary approaches to deconvolution of genome-wide shRNA screens. Additional experiments demonstrated that GMAP is equivalent to similar microarray-based products when used for deconvolution of open reading frame over-expression screens. Conclusion Herein, we demonstrate four major applications for the GMAP resource, including deconvolution of pooled RNAi screens in cells with at least 90,000 distinct shRNAs. We also provide detailed methodologies for pooled shRNA screen readout using GMAP and compare next-generation sequencing to GMAP (i.e. microarray) based deconvolution methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy Ketela
- Donnelly Centre and Banting & Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Smith AM, Ammar R, Nislow C, Giaever G. A survey of yeast genomic assays for drug and target discovery. Pharmacol Ther 2010; 127:156-64. [PMID: 20546776 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, the development and application of chemical genomic assays using the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae has provided powerful methods to identify the mechanism of action of known drugs and novel small molecules in vivo. These assays identify drug target candidates, genes involved in buffering drug target pathways and also help to define the general cellular response to small molecules. In this review, we examine current yeast chemical genomic assays and summarize the potential applications of each approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Smith
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Alkmim Teixeira R, Martinelli Filho M, Borba E, Bonfa E, Nishioka S, Pedrosa A, Costa R, Sosa E, Foley PWX, Muhyaldeen S, Chalil S, Smith REA, Sanderson JE, Leyva F, Pentimalli F, Visram N, Sala D, Sagone A, Lerecouvreux M, Probst V, Sacher F, Leenhardt A, Sadoul N, Le Heuzey JY, Carlioz R, Blanc JJ, Pernencar S, Morais J, De Ponti R, Marazzi R, Zoli L, Caravati F, Salerno-Uriarte JA, Dixen U, Lamberts M, Skielboe AK, Dalsgaard J, Stender S, Jensen GB, Nageh MF, Kim JJ, Yao J, Khairallah FS, Hamati F, Perress D, Schneider A, Alonso J, Gupta M, Hegazy R, Lotfy W, Ammar R, Fattouh A, Kyriakou P, Kyriakou P, Bostanitis I, Zafiris A, Makridis I, Bountonas G, Raptopoulou-Gigi M, Kloppe A, Thiere A, Mijic D, Zarse M, Lemke B, Kaba RA, Lyne JC, Markides V, Wong T, Ernst S, Mabo P, Abbey S, Tassin A, Cebron JP, Solnon A, Dupuis JM, Zorio Grima E, Cano Perez O, Navarro Manchon J, Rodriguez Diez S, Rueda Soriano J, Osca Asensi J, Sancho Tello De Carranza MJ, Salvador Sanz A. FLASH SESSION ORAL & POSTER PRESENTATION. Europace 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euq199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
The complex cellular functions of an organism frequently rely on physical interactions between proteins. A map of all protein-protein interactions, an interactome, is thus an invaluable tool. We present an interactome for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) predicted from interacting orthologs in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), nematode worm (Caenorhabditis elegans), fruitfly (Drosophila melanogaster), and human (Homo sapiens). As an internal quality control, a confidence value was generated based on the amount of supporting evidence for each interaction. A total of 1,159 high confidence, 5,913 medium confidence, and 12,907 low confidence interactions were identified for 3,617 conserved Arabidopsis proteins. There was significant coexpression of genes whose proteins were predicted to interact, even among low confidence interactions. Interacting proteins were also significantly more likely to be found within the same subcellular location, and significantly less likely to be found in conflicting localizations than randomly paired proteins. A notable exception was that proteins located in the Golgi were more likely to interact with Golgi, vacuolar, or endoplasmic reticulum sorted proteins, indicating possible docking or trafficking interactions. These predictions can aid researchers by extending known complexes and pathways with candidate proteins. In addition we have predicted interactions for many previously unknown proteins in known pathways and complexes. We present this interactome, and an online Web interface the Arabidopsis Interactions Viewer, as a first step toward understanding global signaling in Arabidopsis, and to whet the appetite for those who are awaiting results from high-throughput experimental approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Geisler-Lee
- Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, USA
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Winter D, Vinegar B, Nahal H, Ammar R, Wilson GV, Provart NJ. An "Electronic Fluorescent Pictograph" browser for exploring and analyzing large-scale biological data sets. PLoS One 2007. [PMID: 17684564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000718.g009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exploration of microarray data and data from other high-throughput projects for hypothesis generation has become a vital aspect of post-genomic research. For the non-bioinformatics specialist, however, many of the currently available tools provide overwhelming amounts of data that are presented in a non-intuitive way. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In order to facilitate the interpretation and analysis of microarray data and data from other large-scale data sets, we have developed a tool, which we have dubbed the electronic Fluorescent Pictograph - or eFP - Browser, available at http://www.bar.utoronto.ca/, for exploring microarray and other data for hypothesis generation. This eFP Browser engine paints data from large-scale data sets onto pictographic representations of the experimental samples used to generate the data sets. We give examples of using the tool to present Arabidopsis gene expression data from the AtGenExpress Consortium (Arabidopsis eFP Browser), data for subcellular localization of Arabidopsis proteins (Cell eFP Browser), and mouse tissue atlas microarray data (Mouse eFP Browser). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The eFP Browser software is easily adaptable to microarray or other large-scale data sets from any organism and thus should prove useful to a wide community for visualizing and interpreting these data sets for hypothesis generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbie Winter
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Winter D, Vinegar B, Nahal H, Ammar R, Wilson GV, Provart NJ. An "Electronic Fluorescent Pictograph" browser for exploring and analyzing large-scale biological data sets. PLoS One 2007; 2:e718. [PMID: 17684564 PMCID: PMC1934936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1828] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2007] [Accepted: 06/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exploration of microarray data and data from other high-throughput projects for hypothesis generation has become a vital aspect of post-genomic research. For the non-bioinformatics specialist, however, many of the currently available tools provide overwhelming amounts of data that are presented in a non-intuitive way. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In order to facilitate the interpretation and analysis of microarray data and data from other large-scale data sets, we have developed a tool, which we have dubbed the electronic Fluorescent Pictograph - or eFP - Browser, available at http://www.bar.utoronto.ca/, for exploring microarray and other data for hypothesis generation. This eFP Browser engine paints data from large-scale data sets onto pictographic representations of the experimental samples used to generate the data sets. We give examples of using the tool to present Arabidopsis gene expression data from the AtGenExpress Consortium (Arabidopsis eFP Browser), data for subcellular localization of Arabidopsis proteins (Cell eFP Browser), and mouse tissue atlas microarray data (Mouse eFP Browser). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The eFP Browser software is easily adaptable to microarray or other large-scale data sets from any organism and thus should prove useful to a wide community for visualizing and interpreting these data sets for hypothesis generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbie Winter
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ben Vinegar
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hardeep Nahal
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ron Ammar
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Greg V. Wilson
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas J. Provart
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Rajasekaran S, Ammar R, Shin D, Zhang G. Efficient parallel algorithms for processing biological sequences. IJCAT 2006. [DOI: 10.1504/ijcat.2006.010596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zisman E, Shenderey A, Ammar R, Eden A, Pizov R. Reply. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2005. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2005.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zisman E, Shenderey A, Ammar R, Eden A, Pizov R. The effects of intrathecal morphine on patients undergoing minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2005; 19:40-3. [PMID: 15747267 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2004.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of intrathecal morphine (ITM) on the perioperative use of opiates and the fast-track pathway in patients undergoing minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCAB). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTINGS University teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-two elective consecutive patients who underwent MIDCAB surgery. INTERVENTIONS Eleven patients received an intrathecal injection of morphine, 7 microg/kg (ITM group, n=11), and the control group (n=11) received standard anesthesia care. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The intraoperative dose of fentanyl was 0.55+/-0.2 mg in the ITM group and 1.1+/-0.2 mg in the control group (p<0.0001). Four patients in the ITM group and none in the control group were extubated in the operating room. Extubation time was 3.2+/-4.7 hours in the ITM group and 6.3+/-3.4 hours in the control group (p=0.016). Morphine requirements in 24 hours after surgery were 2.0+/-3.5 mg in the ITM and 16.1+/-4.8 mg in the control group (p<0.0001). There were no differences in ischemic time, intraoperative fluid requirements, postoperative blood loss, and duration of surgical procedure. Hospital length of stay was shorter in the ITM group compared with the control group (3.9+/-1.7 days v 4.9+/-1.4 days, respectively, p=0.047). CONCLUSIONS ITM has to be considered in MIDCAB surgery as an effective component of the perioperative analgesia. The safety and effects of ITM in the patients recovery after MIDCAB surgery should be evaluated in further prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliyahu Zisman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Carmel Lady Davis Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
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Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Blusk S, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Moneti GC, Mountain R, Muramatsu H, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Galik RS, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Richichi SJ, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Wilksen T, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Gollin GD, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Gong DT, Kubota Y, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst J, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Arms K, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Von Toerne E, Zoeller MM, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thayer JB, Thorndike EH. First search for the flavor changing neutral current decay D0-->gammagamma. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 90:101801. [PMID: 12688989 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.101801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Using 13.8 fb(-1) of data collected at or just below the Upsilon(4S) with the CLEO detector, we report the result of a search for the flavor changing neutral current process D0-->gammagamma. We observe no significant signal for this decay mode and determine 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions B(D0-->gammagamma)/B(D0-->pi(0)pi(0))<0.033 and B(D0-->gammagamma)<2.9 x 10(-5).
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Coan
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
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Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thayer JB, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Blusk S, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Mountain R, Moneti GC, Muramatsu H, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Galik RS, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Richichi SJ, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Wilksen T, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Gollin GD, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Gong DT, Kubota Y, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst J, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Arms K, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, von Toerne E, Zoeller MM, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ. First observation of the exclusive decays Λc+→Λπ+π+π−π0and Λc+→Λωπ+. Int J Clin Exp Med 2003. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.67.012001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM, Muramatsu H, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Khroustalev K, Moneti GC, Mountain R, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Xu Z, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Masek G, Paar HP, Mahapatra R, Nelson HN, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Ershov A, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X. Measurements of inclusive B-->psi production. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:282001. [PMID: 12513135 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.282001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Using the combined CLEO II and CLEO II.V data sets of 9.1 fb(-1) at the Upsilon(4S), we measure properties of psi mesons produced directly from decays of the B meson, where "B" denotes an admixture of B+, B-, B0, and B;(0), and "psi" denotes either J/psi(1S) or psi(2S). We report first measurements of psi polarization in B-->psi(direct)X: alpha(psi(1S))=-0.30(+0.07)(-0.06)+/-0.04 and alpha(psi(2S))=-0.45(+0.22)(-0.19)+/-0.04. We also report improved measurements of the momentum distributions of psi produced directly from B decays, correcting for measurement smearing. Finally, we report measurements of the inclusive branching fraction for B-->psiX and B-->chi(c1)X.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Anderson
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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39
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Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, Von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM, Muramatsu H, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Khroustalev K, Mountain R, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Würthwein F, Mahapatra R, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F. Observation of B-->K(0)(S)pi(+)pi(-) and Evidence for B-->K(*+/-)pi(-/+). Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:251801. [PMID: 12484873 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.251801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report on a search for charmless hadronic B decays to the three-body final states K(0)(S)h(+)pi(-), K(+)h(-)pi(0), K(0)(S)h(+)pi(0) (h(+/-) denotes a charged pion or kaon), and their charge conjugates, using 13.5 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity produced near sqrt[s]=10.6 GeV, and collected with the CLEO detector. We observe the decay B-->K0pi(+)pi(-) with a branching fraction (50(+10)(-9)(stat.)+/-7(syst.))x10(-6) and the decay B-->K(*+)(892)pi(-) with a branching fraction (16(+6)(-5)(stat.)+/-2(syst.))x10(-6).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Eckhart
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Muramatsu H, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Khroustalev K, Mountain R, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Asner DM, Mahapatra R, Nelson HN, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, Von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM. Dalitz analysis of D0-->K(0)(S)pi(+)pi(-). Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:251802. [PMID: 12484874 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.251802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In e(+)e(-) collisions using the CLEO detector, we have studied the decay of the D0 to the final state K(0)(S)pi(+)pi(-) with the initial flavor of the D0 tagged by the decay D(*+)-->D0pi(+). We use the Dalitz technique to measure the resonant substructure in this final state and clearly observe ten different contributions by fitting for their amplitudes and relative phases. We observe a K(*)(892)(+)pi(-) component which arises from doubly Cabibbo suppressed decays or D0-D0; mixing.
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Brandenburg G, Ershov A, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, Von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Ye J, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Mountain R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Xu Z, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Masek G, Paar HP, Mahapatra R, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Bebek C, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Palmer M, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Stoeck H, Yelton J. Measurement of B(D+-->K(*0)l(+)nu(l)). Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:222001. [PMID: 12485061 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.222001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Using 13.53 fb(-1) of CLEO data, we have measured the ratios of the branching fractions R(+)(e),R(+)(mu) and the combined branching fraction ratio R(+)(l), defined by R(+)(l)=[B(D+-->K(*0)l(+)nu(l))]/[B(D+-->K-pi(+)pi(+))]. We find R(+)(e)=0.74+/-0.04+/-0.05, R(+)(mu)=0.72+/-0.10+/-0.05, and R(+)(l)=0.74+/-0.04+/-0.05, where the first and second errors are statistical and systematic, respectively. The known branching fraction B(D+-->K-pi(+)pi(+)) leads to B(D+-->K(*0)e(+)nu(e))=(6.7+/-0.4+/-0.5+/-0.4)%, B(D+-->K(*0)mu(+)nu(mu))=(6.5+/-0.9+/-0.5+/-0.4)%, and B(D+-->K(*0)l(+)nu(l))=(6.7+/-0.4+/-0.5+/-0.4)%, where the third error is due to the uncertainty in B(D+-->K-pi(+)pi(+)).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Brandenburg
- Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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42
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Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM, Muramatsu H, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Mountain R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Xu Z, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Masek G, Paar HP, Mahapatra R, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Ershov A, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW. Observation of the decay Omega(0)(c)-->Omega(-)e(+)nu(e). Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:171803. [PMID: 12398660 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.171803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Using the CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring we have observed the Omega(0)(c) (css ground state) in the decay Omega(0)(c)-->Omega(-)e(+)nu(e). We find a signal of 11.4+/-3.8(stat) events. The probability that we have observed a background fluctuation is 7.6x10(-5). We measure B(Omega(0)(c)-->Omega(-)e(+)nu(e)).sigma(e(+)e(-)-->Omega(0)(c)X)=(42.2+/-14.1(stat)+/-5.7(syst)) fb and R=[Gamma(Omega(0)(c)-->Omega(-)pi(+))]/[Gamma(Omega(0)(c)-->Omega(-)enu(e))]=00.41+/-0.19(stat)+/-0.04(syst). This is the first statistically significant observation of an individual decay mode of the Omega(0)(c) in e(+)e(-) annihilation and the first example of a baryon decaying via beta emission, where no quarks from the first generation participate in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ammar
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
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Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Stroynowski R, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Khroustalev K, Mountain R, Nandakumar R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Mahapatra R, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Berkelman K, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Galik RS, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Breva-Newell L, Potlia V, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Metreveli Z, Seth KK, Tomaradze A, Zweber P, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Arms K, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Morris C, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM, Muramatsu H, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Mueller JA, Nam S, Savinov V. Search for neutrinolessτdecays involving theKS0meson. Int J Clin Exp Med 2002. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.66.071101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Bebek C, Berger BE, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Palmer M, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Ershov A, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Ye J, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Mountain R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Xu Z, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Masek G, Paar HP, Mahapatra R. Improved measurement of /V(cb)/ using B-->D*l nu decays. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 89:081803. [PMID: 12190458 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.081803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We determine the weak coupling /V(cb)/ between the b and c quarks using a sample of 3 x 10(6) BB; events in the CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring. We determine the yield of reconstructed B-->D*l nu; decays as a function of w, the boost of the D* in the B rest frame, and from this we obtain the differential decay rate d Gamma/dw. By extrapolating d Gamma/dw to w=1, the kinematic end point at which the D* is at rest relative to the B, we extract the product /V(cb)/F(1), where F(1) is the form factor at w=1. Combined with theoretical results for F(1) we determine /V(cb)/=0.0469+/-0.0014(stat)+/-0.0020(syst)+/-0.0018(theor).
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Briere
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Masek G, Paar HP, Mahapatra R, Morrison RJ, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Bebek C, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Palmer M, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Prescott C, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Ershov A, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, Von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Ye J, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Mountain R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Xu Z, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S. Improved measurement of Vub with inclusive semileptonic B decays. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:231803. [PMID: 12059353 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.231803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report a new measurement of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa parameter Vub made with a sample of 9.7 x 10(6) BB- events collected with the CLEO II detector. Using heavy quark theory, we combine the observed yield of leptons from semileptonic B decay in the end-point momentum interval 2.2-2.6 GeV/c with recent CLEO II data on B-->X(s)gamma to find Vub = (4.08+/-0.34+/-0.44+/-0.16+/-0.24)x10(-3), where the first two uncertainties are experimental and the last two are from theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bornheim
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Masek G, Paar HP, Mahapatra R, Morrison RJ, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Bebek C, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Palmer M, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Prescott C, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Ershov A, Kim DYJJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Ye J, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Mountain R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Xu Z. Search for CP violation in tau--> K(pi)nu(tau) decays. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:111803. [PMID: 11909396 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.111803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We search and find no evidence for CP violation in tau decays into the K(pi)nu(tau) final state. We provide limits on the imaginary part of the coupling constant Lambda describing a relative contribution of the CP violating processes with respect to the standard model to be -0.172<Im(Lambda)<0.067 at 90% C.L.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bonvicini
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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Mahapatra R, Nelson HN, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Bebek C, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Palmer M, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Ershov A, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, von Toerne E, Wilksen T, Zoeller MM, Muramatsu H, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Ye J, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Moneti GC, Mountain R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Xu Z, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Masek G, Paar HP. Observation of exclusive B --> D(*)K(*-) decays. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:101803. [PMID: 11909343 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.101803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report the first observation of the exclusive decays B-->D((*))K(*-), using 9.66 x 10(6) BB pairs collected at the Upsilon(4S) with the CLEO detector. We measure the following branching fractions: B(B--->D(0)K(*-)) = (6.1+/-1.6+/-1.7)x10(-4), B(B(0)-->D(+)K(*-)) = (3.7+/-1.5+/-1.0)x10(-4), B(B(0)-->D(*+)K(*-)) = (3.8+/-1.3+/-0.8)x10(-4), and B(B--->D(*0)K(*-)) = (7.7+/-2.2+/-2.6)x10(-4). The B-->D(*)K(*-) branching ratios are the averages of those corresponding to the 00 and 11 helicity states. The errors shown are statistical and systematic, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mahapatra
- University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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Coan TE, Gao YS, Liu F, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Ye J, Artuso M, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Mountain R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, Xu Z, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Masek G, Paar HP, Mahapatra R, Morrison RJ, Nelson HN, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Tatishvili G, Vogel H, Adam NE, Alexander JP, Bebek C, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Palmer M, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Pivarski J, Riley D, Sadoff AJ, Schwarthoff H, Shepherd MR, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Weinberger M, Athar SB, Avery P, Prescott C, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Ershov A, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Benslama K, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Karliner I, Lowrey N, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Ammar R, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Li SZ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Jian L, Saleem M, Wappler F, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, von Toerne E, Zoeller MM, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Dytman SA, Nam S, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Park CS, Park W, Thorndike EH. Observation of B(0) --> D0pi(0) and B(0) -->D(*0)pi(0). Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:062001. [PMID: 11863797 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.062001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the color-suppressed hadronic decays of neutral B mesons into the final states D*0pi(0). Using 9.67 x 10(6) BB pairs collected with the CLEO detector, we observe the decays B( 0) --> D0pi(0) and B( 0) -->D(*0)pi(0) with the branching fractions BB( 0) -->D0pi(0)) = (2.74(+0.36)(-0.32) +/- 0.55)x10(-4) and BB( 0) -->D(*0)pi(0)) = (2.20(+0.59)(-0.52) +/- 0.79)x10(-4). The first error is statistical and the second systematic. The statistical significance of the D0pi(0) signal is 12.1sigma ( 5.9sigma for D(*0)pi(0)). Utilizing the B( 0) -->D*0)pi(0) branching fractions we determine the strong phases delta(I,D(*)) between isospin 1/2 and 3/2 amplitudes in the Dpi and D*pi final states to be cosdelta(I,D) = 0.89 +/-0.08 and cosdelta(I,D*) = 0.89 +/- 0.08, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Coan
- Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
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Godang R, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Zhou GJ, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Schmidtler M, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Jaffe DE, Masek G, Paar HP, Asner DM, Eppich A, Hill TS, Morrison RJ, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Vogel H, Gritsan A, Alexander JP, Baker R, Bebek C, Berger BE, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Foland AD, Gaidarev P, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hopman PI, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Lohner M, Magerkurth A, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Palmer M, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Riley D, Romano A, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Avery P, Prescott C, Rubiera AI, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Ershov A, Kim DYJ, Wilson R, Bergfeld T, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gladding GE, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Johnson E, Karliner I, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Janicek R, Patel PM, Sadoff AJ, Ammar R, Bean A, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Mahapatra R, O'Neill JJ, Poling R, Riehle T, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Athar SB, Jian L, Ling L, Saleem M, Timm S, Wappler F, Anastassov A, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Schwarthoff H, Thayer JB, von Toerne E, Zoeller MM, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Undrus A, Savinov V, Chen S, Fast J, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IPJ, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Fadeyev V, Gao YS, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Ye J, Wlodek T, Artuso M, Ayad R, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Majumder G, Moneti GC, Mountain R, Schuh S, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Wolf A, Wu J, Kopp S, Kostin M, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, McLean KW, Xu Z. Search for charmless B --> VV decays. Phys Rev Lett 2002; 88:021802. [PMID: 11801004 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.88.021802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have studied two-body charmless decays of the B meson into the final states rho(0)rho(0), K(*0)rho(0), K(*0)K(*0), K(*0)K(*0), K(*+)rho(0), K(*+)K(*0), and K(*+)K(*-) using only decay modes with charged daughter particles. Using 9.7x10(6) BB pairs collected with the CLEO detector, we place 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions (1.4-14.1)x10(-5), depending on final state and polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Godang
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
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Ammar R, Bean A, Besson D, Zhao X, Anderson S, Frolov VV, Kubota Y, Lee SJ, Poling R, Smith A, Stepaniak CJ, Urheim J, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Athar SB, Jian L, Ling L, Saleem M, Timm S, Wappler F, Anastassov A, Eckhart E, Gan KK, Gwon C, Hart T, Honscheid K, Hufnagel D, Kagan H, Kass R, Pedlar TK, Thayer JB, von Toerne E, Zoeller MM, Richichi SJ, Severini H, Skubic P, Undrus A, Savinov V, Chen S, Hinson JW, Lee J, Miller DH, Pavlunin V, Shibata EI, Shipsey IP, Cronin-Hennessy D, Lyon AL, Thorndike EH, Coan TE, Fadeyev V, Gao YS, Maravin Y, Narsky I, Stroynowski R, Ye J, Wlodek T, Artuso M, Benslama K, Boulahouache C, Bukin K, Dambasuren E, Majumder G, Mountain R, Skwarnicki T, Stone S, Wang JC, Wolf A, Kopp S, Kostin M, Mahmood AH, Csorna SE, Danko I, McLean KW, Xu Z, Godang R, Bonvicini G, Cinabro D, Dubrovin M, McGee S, Bornheim A, Lipeles E, Pappas SP, Shapiro A, Sun WM, Weinstein AJ, Jaffe DE, Mahapatra R, Masek G, Paar HP, Asner DM, Eppich A, Hill TS, Morrison RJ, Briere RA, Chen GP, Ferguson T, Vogel H, Alexander JP, Bebek C, Berger BE, Berkelman K, Blanc F, Boisvert V, Cassel DG, Drell PS, Duboscq JE, Ecklund KM, Ehrlich R, Gaidarev P, Gibbons L, Gittelman B, Gray SW, Hartill DL, Heltsley BK, Hsu L, Jones CD, Kandaswamy J, Kreinick DL, Lohner M, Magerkurth A, Mahlke-Krüger H, Meyer TO, Mistry NB, Nordberg E, Palmer M, Patterson JR, Peterson D, Riley D, Romano A, Schwarthoff H, Thayer JG, Urner D, Valant-Spaight B, Viehhauser G, Warburton A, Avery P, Prescott C, Rubiera AI, Stoeck H, Yelton J, Brandenburg G, Ershov A, Kim DY, Wilson R, Eisenstein BI, Ernst J, Gladding GE, Gollin GD, Hans RM, Johnson E, Karliner I, Marsh MA, Plager C, Sedlack C, Selen M, Thaler JJ, Williams J, Edwards KW, Sadoff AJ. Search for the familon via B(+/-) --> pi+/-X(0), B(+/-) --> K(+/-)X(0), and B(0) --> K(0)(S)X(0) decays. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 87:271801. [PMID: 11800872 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.271801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have searched for the two-body decay of the B meson to a light pseudoscalar meson h = pi(+/-),K+/-,K(0)(S) and a massless neutral feebly interacting particle X(0) such as the familon, the Nambu-Goldstone boson associated with a spontaneously broken global family symmetry. We find no significant signal by analyzing a data sample containing 9.7x10(6) BBbar mesons collected with the CLEO detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, and set 90% C.L. upper limits italicB(B(+/-) --> h(+/-)X(0)) = 4.9x10(-5) and italicB(B(0) --> K(0)(S)X(0)) = 5.3x10(-5). These limits correspond to a lower bound of approximately 10(8) GeV on the family symmetry breaking scale with vector coupling involving the third generation of quarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ammar
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
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