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Marx I, Badirou I, Pendu R, Christophe O, Denis CV. Mouse models to study von Willebrand factor structure-function relationships in vivo. Hamostaseologie 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1616933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
SummaryVon Willebrand factor (VWF) structure-function relationship has been studied only through in vitro approaches. The VWF-deficient mouse model has been extremely useful to examine the in vivo function of VWF but does not allow a more subtle analysis of the relative importance of its different domains. However, considering the large size of VWF and its capacity to interact with various ligands in order to support platelet adhesion and aggregation, the necessity to evaluate independently these interactions appeared increasingly crucial. A recently developed technique, known as hydrodynamic injection, which allows transient expression of a transgene by mouse hepatocytes, proved very useful in this regard. Indeed, transient expression of various VWF mutants in VWF-deficient mice contributed to improve our knowledge about the role of VWF interaction with subendothelial collagens and with platelets receptors in VWF roles in haemostasis and thrombosis. These findings can provide new leads in the development of anti-thrombotic therapies.
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Abstract
von Willebrand disease (VWD), caused by quantitative or qualitative abnormalities in von Willebrand factor (VWF) is considered the most common inherited bleeding disorder in humans. Mild and severe quantitative defects in VWF cause VWD types 1 and 3 respectively, whereas qualitative abnormalities induce VWD type 2. VWD has also been diagnosed in a number of animal species such as dogs, pigs, cats and horses, as a result of naturally occurring mutations. More recently, murine models have drawn a great deal of attention. Their small size along with their well-defined genetic background makes them ideal tools to study the in vivo function of VWF. The most commonly used model is the VWF-deficient mouse engineered through homologous recombination. However, models resulting from changes in modifier genes indirectly affecting VWF have also been described. These various models have proven very useful in elucidating some aspects of VWF biology not easily addressed through in vitro approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pendu
- INSERM U770, Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Denis CV, Marx I, Badirou I, Pendu R, Christophe O. Mouse models to study von Willebrand factor structure-function relationships in vivo. Hamostaseologie 2009; 29:17-20. [PMID: 19151840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) structure-function relationship has been studied only through in vitro approaches. The VWF-deficient mouse model has been extremely useful to examine the in vivo function of VWF but does not allow a more subtle analysis of the relative importance of its different domains. However, considering the large size of VWF and its capacity to interact with various ligands in order to support platelet adhesion and aggregation, the necessity to evaluate independently these interactions appeared increasingly crucial. A recently developed technique, known as hydrodynamic injection, which allows transient expression of a transgene by mouse hepatocytes, proved very useful in this regard. Indeed, transient expression of various VWF mutants in VWF-deficient mice contributed to improve our knowledge about the role of VWF interaction with subendothelial collagens and with platelets receptors in VWF roles in haemostasis and thrombosis. These findings can provide new leads in the development of anti-thrombotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C V Denis
- INSERM U770, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France.
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Marx I, Lenting PJ, Adler T, Pendu R, Christophe OD, Denis CV. Correction of Bleeding Symptoms in von Willebrand Factor–Deficient Mice by Liver-Expressed von Willebrand Factor Mutants. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008; 28:419-24. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.107.159442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Marx
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U770 (I.M., T.A., O.D.C., C.V.D.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276 France; Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276 France; and the Laboratory for Thrombosis and Haemostasis (P.J.L., R.P.), Department of Clinical Chemistry & Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J. Lenting
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U770 (I.M., T.A., O.D.C., C.V.D.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276 France; Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276 France; and the Laboratory for Thrombosis and Haemostasis (P.J.L., R.P.), Department of Clinical Chemistry & Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thure Adler
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U770 (I.M., T.A., O.D.C., C.V.D.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276 France; Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276 France; and the Laboratory for Thrombosis and Haemostasis (P.J.L., R.P.), Department of Clinical Chemistry & Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronan Pendu
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U770 (I.M., T.A., O.D.C., C.V.D.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276 France; Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276 France; and the Laboratory for Thrombosis and Haemostasis (P.J.L., R.P.), Department of Clinical Chemistry & Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier D. Christophe
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U770 (I.M., T.A., O.D.C., C.V.D.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276 France; Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276 France; and the Laboratory for Thrombosis and Haemostasis (P.J.L., R.P.), Department of Clinical Chemistry & Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cécile V. Denis
- From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U770 (I.M., T.A., O.D.C., C.V.D.), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276 France; Univ Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94276 France; and the Laboratory for Thrombosis and Haemostasis (P.J.L., R.P.), Department of Clinical Chemistry & Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Sagare A, Deane R, Bell RD, Johnson B, Hamm K, Pendu R, Marky A, Lenting PJ, Wu Z, Zarcone T, Goate A, Mayo K, Perlmutter D, Coma M, Zhong Z, Zlokovic BV. Clearance of amyloid-beta by circulating lipoprotein receptors. Nat Med 2007; 13:1029-31. [PMID: 17694066 PMCID: PMC2936449 DOI: 10.1038/nm1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2007] [Accepted: 07/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP) on brain capillaries clears amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) from brain. Here, we show that soluble circulating LRP (sLRP) provides key endogenous peripheral 'sink' activity for Abeta in humans. Recombinant LRP cluster IV (LRP-IV) bound Abeta in plasma in mice and Alzheimer's disease-affected humans with compromised sLRP-mediated Abeta binding, and reduced Abeta-related pathology and dysfunction in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease, suggesting that LRP-IV can effectively replace native sLRP and clear Abeta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Sagare
- Frank P. Smith Laboratory for Neuroscience and Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical School, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
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Pendu R, Terraube V, Christophe OD, Gahmberg CG, de Groot PG, Lenting PJ, Denis CV. P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 and beta2-integrins cooperate in the adhesion of leukocytes to von Willebrand factor. Blood 2006; 108:3746-52. [PMID: 16926295 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-03-010322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Von Willebrand factor (VWF) is an essential component of hemostasis. However, animal studies using VWF-deficient mice suggest that VWF may also contribute to inflammation. In the present study, we demonstrate that VWF was able to interact with polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and monocytes under static and flow conditions. Adhesion under flow was dominated by short-lasting contact with resting PMNs, whereas adhesion of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated PMNs was characterized by firm adhesion. Transient binding of PMNs to VWF appeared to be mediated by P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1). Moreover, recombinant PSGL-1 protein and cell surface-expressed PSGL-1 directly interacted with VWF. As for stable adhesion by PMA-stimulated PMNs, we observed that static adhesion and adhesion under flow were strongly inhibited (greater than 75%) by neutrophil-inhibitory factor, an inhibitor of beta2-integrin function. In addition, the isolated I-domain of alphaMbeta2 bound to VWF, and cell lines expressing alphaLbeta2 or alphaXbeta2 adhered efficiently to VWF. Taken together, our data showed that VWF can function as an adhesive surface for various leukocyte subsets (monocytes, PMNs). Analogous to VWF-platelet interaction, VWF provided binding sites for leukocyte receptors involved in rolling (PSGL-1) and stable (beta2-integrins) adhesion. VWF is unique in its intrinsic capacity to combine the rolling and the stable adhesion step in the interaction with leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Pendu
- INSERM U. 770, 80 rue du Général Leclerc, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France
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Terraube V, Pendu R, Baruch D, Gebbink MFBG, Meyer D, Lenting PJ, Denis CV. Increased metastatic potential of tumor cells in von Willebrand factor-deficient mice. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4:519-26. [PMID: 16405520 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01770.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The key role played by von Willebrand factor (VWF) in platelet adhesion suggests a potential implication in various pathologies, where this process is involved. In cancer metastasis development, tumor cells interact with platelets and the vessel wall to extravasate from the circulation. As a potential mediator of platelet-tumor cell interactions, VWF could influence this early step of tumor spread and therefore play a role in cancer metastasis. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether VWF is involved in metastasis development. METHODS In a first step, we characterized the interaction between murine melanoma cells B16-BL6 and VWF in vitro. In a second step, an experimental metastasis model was used to compare the formation of pulmonary metastatic foci in C57BL/6 wild-type and VWF-null mice following the injection of B16-BL6 cells or Lewis lung carcinoma cells. RESULTS In vitro adhesion assays revealed that VWF is able to promote a dose-dependent adhesion of B16-BL6 cells via its Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence. In the experimental metastasis model, we found a significant increase in the number of pulmonary metastatic foci in VWF-null mice compared with the wild-type mice, a phenotype that could be corrected by restoring VWF plasma levels. We also showed that increased survival of the tumor cells in the lungs during the first 24 h in the absence of VWF was the cause of this increased metastasis. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that VWF plays a protective role against tumor cell dissemination in vivo. Underlying mechanisms remain to be investigated.
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