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López-Solis AD, Janich AJ, Solis-Santoyo F, Ordóñez-González JG, Fuentes-Maldonado G, Saavedra-Rodríguez K, Villarreal-Treviño C, Black Iv WC, Rodríguez AD, Penilla-Navarro RP. Evaluation of commercial aerosol insecticides for control of Aedes aegypti susceptible or resistant to pyrethroids. Salud Publica Mex 2023; 65:151-159. [PMID: 38060852 DOI: 10.21149/14232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate indoor use of commercial aerosols for dengue vector mosquito control, and estimate the number of treatable houses per can. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four aerosol products containing combinations of pyrethroids (two containing propoxur and one containing synergists too), were evaluated with mosquitoes in a room of a Tapachulastyle house. Eight cages containing 20 insecticide susceptible or resistant females were hung from tripods, another set was placed in sheltered areas of the room. From the entrance of the room, one of 4-9 concentrations was sprayed for each aerosol, leaving the mosquitoes for 30 min after sprayed. Mortality was recorded after 24 h and lethal concentrations were calculated. RESULTS Aerosol A had the highest LC50, with 0.308 g for mosquitoes hanging from tripods and 0.453 g for sheltered mosquitoes; followed by aerosols C, D and B, with statistical differences between types of exposure. CONCLUSIONS Aerosols B-D could spray 20-25 3-room houses (56 m3-room), killing all resistant mosquitoes. Aerosols may become a good tool for indoor mosquito control, if the optimal concentration and correct spray method are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Delia López-Solis
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Ashley J Janich
- Colorado State University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod Borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory. Fort Collins, Colorado, USA..
| | - Francisco Solis-Santoyo
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - José Genaro Ordóñez-González
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Gabriel Fuentes-Maldonado
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Karla Saavedra-Rodríguez
- Colorado State University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod Borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory. Fort Collins, Colorado, USA..
| | - Cuauhtémoc Villarreal-Treviño
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - William C Black Iv
- Colorado State University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Arthropod Borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory. Fort Collins, Colorado, USA..
| | - Américo D Rodríguez
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Rosa Patricia Penilla-Navarro
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
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Cisneros-Vázquez LA, Penilla-Navarro RP, Rodríguez AD, Ordóñez-González JG, Valdez-Delgado KM, Danis-Lozano R, Vázquez-Martínez G. Entomopathogenic fungi for the control of larvae and adults of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) vector of dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses in Mexico. Salud Publica Mex 2023; 65:144-150. [PMID: 38060859 DOI: 10.21149/13931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess larvicide and adulticide activity of different native strains of fungi on Aedes aegypti. MATERIALS AND METHODS Third instar larvae were exposed for 72 h at a concentration of 1x108 conidia/ml of 15 fungi; only fungi that significantly affected the larvae were evaluated against the adult phase at a concentration of 2x1010 conidia/ml. Mortality readings were performed at 24, 48, and 72 h for larvae, and every day to 30 days for adults. RESULTS Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Aspergillus aculeatus, and Metarhizium anisopliae had the best larvicidal activity at 24 h of exposure (p<0.05), causing mortalities of 100, 72, and 62%, respectively. Adult mosquitoes were more affected by Gliocladium virens (45% mortality), M. anisopliae (30% mortality), and T. longibrachiatum (23.33% mortality). CONCLUSION The larval stage of Ae. aegypti was more susceptible than the adult phase to the pathogenic action of native fungi, with T. longibrachiatum being with the highest virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Cisneros-Vázquez
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Rosa Patricia Penilla-Navarro
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Américo D Rodríguez
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - José Genaro Ordóñez-González
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Kenia Mayela Valdez-Delgado
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Rogelio Danis-Lozano
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
| | - Guadalupe Vázquez-Martínez
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico..
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Solis-Santoyo F, Villarreal-Treviño C, López-Solis AD, González-Cerón L, Rodríguez-Ramos JC, Vera-Maloof FZ, Danis-Lozano R, Penilla-Navarro RP. Resistance to Pyrethroids in the Malaria Vector Anopheles albimanus in Two Important Villages in the Soconusco Region of Chiapas, Mexico, 2022. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4258. [PMID: 36901269 PMCID: PMC10001879 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chiapas State comprises the largest malaria foci from Mexico, and 57% of the autochthonous cases in 2021, all with Plasmodium vivax infections, were reported in this State. Southern Chiapas is at constant risk of cases imported due to migratory human flow. Since chemical control of vector mosquitoes is the main entomological action implemented for the prevention and control of vector-borne diseases, this work aimed to investigate the susceptibility of Anopheles albimanus to insecticides. To this end, mosquitoes were collected in cattle in two villages in southern Chiapas in July-August 2022. Two methods were used to evaluate the susceptibility: the WHO tube bioassay and the CDC bottle bioassay. For the latter, diagnostic concentrations were calculated. The enzymatic resistance mechanisms were also analyzed. CDC diagnostic concentrations were obtained; 0.7 μg/mL deltamethrin, 12 μg/mL permethrin, 14.4 μg/mL malathion, and 2 μg/mL chlorpyrifos. Mosquitoes from Cosalapa and La Victoria were susceptible to organophosphates and to bendiocarb, but resistant to pyrethroids, with mortalities between 89% and 70% (WHO), and 88% and 78% (CDC), for deltamethrin and permethrin, respectively. High esterase levels are suggested as the resistance mechanism involved in the metabolism of pyrethroids in mosquitoes from both villages. Mosquitoes from La Victoria might also involve cytochrome P450. Therefore, organophosphates and carbamates are suggested to currently control An. albimanus. Its use might reduce the frequency of resistance genes to pyrethroids and vector abundance and may impede the transmission of malaria parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Solis-Santoyo
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Cuauhtémoc Villarreal-Treviño
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Alma D. López-Solis
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Lilia González-Cerón
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - José Cruz Rodríguez-Ramos
- Jurisdicción Sanitaria VII, Antiguo Hospital General de Tapachula, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto, Tapachula CP 30798, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Farah Z. Vera-Maloof
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Danis-Lozano
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Rosa Patricia Penilla-Navarro
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuarta Norte y 19 Calle Poniente, Centro S/N, Tapachula CP 30700, Chiapas, Mexico
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Solís-Santoyo F, Rodríguez AD, Black W, Saavedra-Rodríguez K, Sánchez-Guillén D, Castillo-Vera A, González-Gómez R, López-Solis AD, Penilla-Navarro RP. Current enzyme-mediated insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti populations from a dengue-endemic city in southern Mexico. Salud Publica Mex 2023; 65:19-27. [PMID: 36750076 DOI: 10.21149/13910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the enzyme-mediated insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti in Tapachula, Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS Biochemical assays were undertaken to determine the enzyme levels in mosquitoes from 22 sites collected in 2018 and 2020 in Tapachula. Results of 2018 were correlated with the resistance to insecticides pub-lished. RESULTS Mosquitoes had higher levels than those of the susceptible strain in 2018 and 2020 respectively of α-esterases in 15 and 12 sites; β-esterases in 7 and 6 sites; glutathione-S-transferases in 11 and 19 sites; ρNPA-esterases in 21 and 17 sites; and cytochromes P450 in 20 and 22 sites. In mosquitoes of 2018, there was a moderate correlation between previously documented Malathion resistance ratios and the insensitive acetylcholinesterase (r=0.459, p= 0.03). CONCLUSIONS The elevated enzyme levels found indicate its contribution to the resistance to pyrethroids and organo-phosphates already published in mosquitoes from Tapachula. Bioassays using enzyme inhibitors resulted in greater mor-tality, confirming that metabolism contributes to resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Solís-Santoyo
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública/Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, Ecología de Artrópodos y Manejo de Plagas, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Américo D Rodríguez
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - William Black
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University. Colorado, United States of America.
| | - Karla Saavedra-Rodríguez
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University. Colorado, United States of America.
| | - Daniel Sánchez-Guillén
- Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, Ecología de Artrópodos y Manejo de Plagas, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Alfredo Castillo-Vera
- Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, Ecología de Artrópodos y Manejo de Plagas, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Rebeca González-Gómez
- Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, Ecología de Artrópodos y Manejo de Plagas, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Alma Delia López-Solis
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública/Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, Ecología de Artrópodos y Manejo de Plagas, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur. Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.
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Ordoñez-González JG, Cisneros-Vázquez LA, Danis-Lozano R, Valdez-Delgado KM, Fernández-Salas I, Penilla-Navarro RP, Saavedra-Rodríguez K, Black Iv WC, Rodríguez AD. [Indoor thermal fogging of the mixture of flupyradifurone and transflutrin on Aedes aegypti mosquitoes susceptible and resistant to pyrethroids in southern Mexico]. Salud Publica Mex 2020; 62:432-438. [PMID: 32250091 DOI: 10.21149/11142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of thermal fogging of a mixture of flupyrafirudone (26.3 g/L) and transfluthrin (52.5 g/L) against dengue, Zika y chikungunya Aedes mosquito vectors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Groups of 15 caged Ae. aegypti (susceptible and pyrethroid resistant) mosquitoes were placed in living room, kitchen and bedroom inside houses, after which a dose of 2 and 4 mg/m3 of flupyradifurone and transfluthrine, respectively, was applied as thermal fog. After one hour of exposure mosquitoes were transferred to the laboratory and mortality was recorded after 24 h. RESULTS The mixture killed 97 to 100% of mosquitoes from the strains and the efficacy was similar independently of their place within the premises. CONCLUSIONS The mixture of flupyrafirudone and transfluthrin applied as thermal fog is a promising tool to control Aedes mosquito populations independently of the pyrethroid-insecticide resistance status.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Genaro Ordoñez-González
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas México
| | | | - Rogelio Danis-Lozano
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas México
| | - Kenia Mayela Valdez-Delgado
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas México
| | | | | | | | - William C Black Iv
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad Estatal de Colorado. Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Américo D Rodríguez
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas México
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López-Solís AD, Castillo-Vera A, Cisneros J, Solís-Santoyo F, Penilla-Navarro RP, Black Iv WC, Torres-Estrada JL, Rodríguez AD. [Insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) populations from Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico]. Salud Publica Mex 2020; 62:439-446. [PMID: 32549085 DOI: 10.21149/10131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the insecticide resistance status of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus from Tapachula, México. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mosquito eggs were collected with the use of ovitraps and CDC susceptibility bioassays and biochemical assays were conducted to determine resistance levels and resistance mechanisms, respectively. RESULTS Ae. aegypti showed resistance to deltamethrin and permethrin (PYRs), malathion, chlorpyrifos and temephos (OP), and to bendiocarb (CARB), while Ae. albopictus showed resistance to malathion and to a lesser intensity to chlorypirifos, temephos, permethrin and deltamethrin. Both species showed high levels of P450 and GSTs, while levels of esterases varied by species and collection site. Altered acethilcholinesterase was detected in both species. CONCLUSIONS In an urban habitat from Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico where vector control using insecticides takes place, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus are only susceptible to propoxur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Delia López-Solís
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | | | - Juan Cisneros
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur. Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Francisco Solís-Santoyo
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | | | - William C Black Iv
- Departamento of Microbiología, Universidad Estatal de Colorado. Fort Collins, Colorado, Estados Unidos
| | - José Luis Torres-Estrada
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Américo D Rodríguez
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública. Tapachula, Chiapas, México
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Ruiz-Toledo J, Vandame R, Castro-Chan RA, Penilla-Navarro RP, Gómez J, Sánchez D. Organochlorine Pesticides in Honey and Pollen Samples from Managed Colonies of the Honey Bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus and the Stingless Bee Scaptotrigona mexicana Guérin from Southern, Mexico. Insects 2018; 9:E54. [PMID: 29748485 PMCID: PMC6023274 DOI: 10.3390/insects9020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we show the results of investigating the presence of organochlorine pesticides in honey and pollen samples from managed colonies of the honey bee, Apis mellifera L. and of the stingless bee Scaptotrigona mexicana Guérin. Three colonies of each species were moved into each of two sites. Three samples of pollen and three samples of honey were collected from each colony: the first collection occurred at the beginning of the study and the following ones at every six months during a year. Thus the total number of samples collected was 36 for honey (18 for A. mellifera and 18 for S. mexicana) and 36 for pollen (18 for A. mellifera and 18 for S. mexicana). We found that 88.44% and 93.33% of honey samples, and 22.22% and 100% of pollen samples of S. mexicana and A. mellifera, respectively, resulted positive to at least one organochlorine. The most abundant pesticides were Heptaclor (44% of the samples), γ-HCH (36%), DDT (19%), Endrin (18%) and DDE (11%). Despite the short foraging range of S. mexicana, the number of pesticides quantified in the honey samples was similar to that of A. mellifera. Paradoxically we found a small number of organochlorines in pollen samples of S. mexicana in comparison to A. mellifera, perhaps indicating a low abundance of pollen sources within the foraging range of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovani Ruiz-Toledo
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad Tapachula, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Rémy Vandame
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad San Cristóbal de las Casas, Periférico Sur s/n, María Auxiliadora, San Cristóbal de Las Casas 29290, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Ricardo Alberto Castro-Chan
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad Tapachula, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Rosa Patricia Penilla-Navarro
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Laboratorio de Resistencia a Insecticidas, 4a. Norte y 19 Calle Poniente S/N, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Jaime Gómez
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad Tapachula, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Daniel Sánchez
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur Unidad Tapachula, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
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