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Xu Q, Yang Z, Jia Y, Wang R, Zhang Q, Gai R, Wu Y, Yang Q, He G, Wu JH, Ming F. PeNAC67-PeKAN2-PeSCL23 and B-class MADS-box transcription factors synergistically regulate the specialization process from petal to lip in Phalaenopsis equestris. Mol Hortic 2024; 4:15. [PMID: 38649966 PMCID: PMC11036780 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-023-00079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The molecular basis of orchid flower development involves a specific regulatory program in which MADS-box transcription factors play a central role. The recent 'perianth code' model hypothesizes that two types of higher-order heterotetrameric complexes, namely SP complex and L complex, play pivotal roles in the orchid perianth organ formation. Therefore, we explored their roles and searched for other components of the regulatory network.Through the combined analysis for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing and RNA sequencing of the lip-like petal and lip from Phalaenopsis equestris var.trilip, transcription factor-(TF) genes involved in lip development were revealed. PeNAC67 encoding a NAC-type TF and PeSCL23 encoding a GRAS-type TF were differentially expressed between the lip-like petal and the lip. PeNAC67 interacted with and stabilized PeMADS3, which positively regulated the development of lip-like petal to lip. PeSCL23 and PeNAC67 competitively bound with PeKAN2 and positively regulated the development of lip-like petal to petal by affecting the level of PeMADS3. PeKAN2 as an important TF that interacts with PeMADS3 and PeMADS9 can promote lip development. These results extend the 'perianth code' model and shed light on the complex regulation of orchid flower development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Xu
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yupeng Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Ruonan Gai
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yiding Wu
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Qingyong Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoren He
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Ju Hua Wu
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Feng Ming
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
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Lou Y, Zhang Q, Xu Q, Yu X, Wang W, Gai R, Ming F. PhCHS5 and PhF3'5'H Genes Over-Expression in Petunia ( Petunia hybrida) and Phalaenopsis ( Phalaenopsis aphrodite) Regulate Flower Color and Branch Number. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12112204. [PMID: 37299183 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flower breeders are continually refining their methods for producing high-quality flowers. Phalaenopsis species are considered the most important commercially grown orchids. Advances in genetic engineering technology have provided researchers with new tools that can be used along with traditional breeding methods to enhance floral traits and quality. However, the application of molecular techniques for the breeding of new Phalaenopsis species has been relatively rare. In this study, we constructed recombinant plasmids carrying flower color-related genes, Phalaenopsis Chalcone synthase (PhCHS5) and/or Flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (PhF3'5'H). These genes were transformed into both Petunia and Phalaenopsis plants using a gene gun or an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-based method. Compared with WT, 35S::PhCHS5 and 35S::PhF3'5'H both had deeper color and higher anthocyanin content in Petunia plants. Additionally, a phenotypic comparison with wild-type controls indicated the PhCHS5 or PhF3'5'H-transgenic Phalaenopsis produced more branches, petals, and labial petals. Moreover, PhCHS5 or PhF3'5'H-transgenic Phalaenopsis both showed deepened lip color, compared with the control. However, the intensity of the coloration of the Phalaenopsis lips decreased when protocorms were co-transformed with both PhCHS5 and PhF3'5'H. The results of this study confirm that PhCHS5 and PhF3'5'H affect flower color in Phalaenopsis and may be relevant for the breeding of new orchid varieties with desirable flowering traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Lou
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Qingyu Xu
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xinyu Yu
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ruonan Gai
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Feng Ming
- Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
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Zhang H, Jiang C, Wang R, Zhang L, Gai R, Peng S, Zhang Y, Mao C, Lou Y, Mo J, Feng S, Ming F. Insights into heat response mechanisms in Clematis species: physiological analysis, expression profiles and function verification. Plant Mol Biol 2021; 106:569-587. [PMID: 34260001 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01174-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Our results provide insights into heat response mechanisms among Clematis species. Overexpressing CvHSFA2 enhanced the heat resistance of yeast and silencing NbHSFA2 reduced the heat resistance of tobacco. Clematis species are commonly grown in western and Japanese gardens. Heat stress can inhibit many physiological processes mediating plant growth and development. The mechanism regulating responses to heat has been well characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana and some crops, but not in horticultural plants, including Clematis species. In this study, we found that Clematis alpina 'Stolwijk Gold' was heat-sensitive whereas Clematis vitalba and Clematis viticella 'Polish Spirit' were heat-tolerant based on the physiological analyses in heat stress. Transcriptomic profiling identified a set of heat tolerance-related genes (HTGs). Consistent with the observed phenotype in heat stress, 41.43% of the differentially expressed HTGs between heat treatment and control were down-regulated in heat-sensitive cultivar Stolwijk Gold, but only 9.80% and 20.79% of the differentially expressed HTGs in heat resistant C. vitalba and Polish Spirit, respectively. Co-expression network, protein-protein interaction network and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the genes encoding heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) may played an essential role in Clematis resistance to heat stress. Two clades of heat-induced CvHSFs were further identified by phylogenetic tree, motif analysis and qRT-PCR. Ultimately, we proposed that overexpressing CvHSFA2-2 could endow yeast with high temperature resistance and silencing its homologous gene NbHSFA2 reduced the heat resistance of tobacco. This study provides first insights into the diversity of the heat response mechanisms among Clematis species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai Urban Plant Resources Development and Application Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai, 200231, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Changhua Jiang
- Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai Urban Plant Resources Development and Application Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai, 200231, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Ruonan Gai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Siyuan Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Chanjuan Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Yuxia Lou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Jianbin Mo
- Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai Urban Plant Resources Development and Application Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai, 200231, China
| | - Shucheng Feng
- Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai Urban Plant Resources Development and Application Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai, 200231, China
| | - Feng Ming
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
- The Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China.
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Gai R. PNS43 Economic Evaluation of a Community-Based Maternal and CHILD Health Service in JAPAN. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gai R, Chen G, Yamamoto Y, Bolt T. PNS68 Valuating the CHILD Health Utility 9-Dimention in JAPAN: Results from a Nation-Wide School-Based Survey. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gai R, Trasande L, Mezawa H, Nakayama S. PIH10 Estimating Economic Burden of CHILD Asthma Attributing to Exposure to PM2.5 in JAPAN. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhong R, Wang Y, Gai R, Xi D, Mao C, Ming F. Rice SnRK protein kinase OsSAPK8 acts as a positive regulator in abiotic stress responses. Plant Sci 2020; 292:110373. [PMID: 32005379 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
SnRK2 (sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinases 2) protein kinase family involves in several abiotic stress response in plants. Although the regulatory mechanism of SnRK2 have been well demonstrated in Arabidopsis thaliana, their functions in rice are still largely unknown. Here, we report a SnRK2 family gene, OsSAPK8, can be strongly induced by abiotic stresses, including low-temperature, drought and high salt stress. The ossapk8 mutants showed lower tolerance to low-temperature, high salinity and drought stresses at the vegetative stages. Moreover, the expressions of marker genes for those abiotic stresses, e.g. OsDREB1, OsDREB2, OsNCED and OsRAB21, were downregulated in the ossapk8 mutants. We further confirmed that the yield was reduced in ossapk8 mutant lines compared with the wild type. Our results provide evidence for OsSAPK8 acting as a positive regulator in cold, drought, and salt stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiling Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Ruonan Gai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Dandan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chanjuan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Feng Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
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Xu L, Gai R, Wang X, Liu Z, Cheng J, Zhou C, Liu J, Zhang H, Li H, Tang W. Socio-economic factors affecting the success of tuberculosis treatment in six counties of Shandong Province, China. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2010; 14:440-446. [PMID: 20202302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING Tuberculosis (TB) control in rural China is of high priority in health policy making. OBJECTIVE To investigate treatment success among rural TB patients and the determinants of patient and case management and to explore the current status of DOTS implementation in rural China. METHODS A patient-based study was conducted in six counties of Shandong Province, China. Study sites were selected by multi-stage random sampling. Subjects were rural smear-positive pulmonary TB patients registered with the county TB dispensaries at study sites who completed treatment during the period October 2006 to September 2007. RESULTS This study observed a success rate of 74.5% among 501 participants. The cure rate, of 50.5%, was much lower than the national level. There was a difference in treatment success rates across counties. Factors independently affecting treatment success were patient income, study site, and home visits and supervision by town and village health workers. CONCLUSIONS Enhancing financial resources for TB control and effective involvement of human resources are crucial to achieving success with the DOTS strategy in rural China.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xu
- Institute of Social Medicine and Health Services Management, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Marasso A, Bernardi V, Gai R, Gallo E, Massaglia GM, Onoscuri M, Cardaci SB. Radiofrequency resection of bronchial tumours in combination with cryotherapy: evaluation of a new technique. Thorax 1998; 53:106-9. [PMID: 9624294 PMCID: PMC1758712 DOI: 10.1136/thx.53.2.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of treatments, including Nd-YAG laser therapy, brachytherapy, cryotherapy, electrocautery, and photodynamic therapy, can re-open the obstructed bronchial lumen in patients with inoperable obstructive bronchial tumours. None of these is considered to be a "gold standard". METHODS The results of a retrospective study of 98 patients treated by radiofrequency tissue ablation and subsequent cryotherapy between January 1994 and June 1995 are reported. The patients were divided in two groups according to whether they were treated either after (group 1, n = 50) or before (group 2, n = 48) radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Bronchoscopic follow up was performed. The intervention was considered successful if the lumen was opened by > 80% and partially successful if it was opened by > 50%. RESULTS In group 1 treatment was successful in 60%, partially successful in 32%, and unsuccessful in 8%. The median survival time was five months from the time of bronchoscopic surgery. In group 2 treatment was successful in 66%, partially successful in 21.5%, and unsuccessful in 12.5%, with a median survival time of 14 months from the time of bronchoscopic treatment. Forty patients (24 in group 1 and 16 in group 2) received a Dumon stent. CONCLUSIONS Radiofrequency bronchoscopic surgery with cryotherapy appears to be a useful technique in the treatment of tracheobronchial obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marasso
- Division of Bronchology and Pulmonology, Azienda Ospedaliera San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Torino, Italy
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Giove S, Giorgis GE, Ardizzi A, Barberis S, Bernardi V, Gai R, Oliaro A. [The current epidemiologic profile of the drug resistance of Koch's bacillus to antitubercular antibiotic chemicals]. Minerva Med 1990; 81:547-53. [PMID: 2116606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted on patients with initially diagnosed tuberculosis encountered in 1986-87. A series of 269 bacterial antibiograms performed on sputum [correction of excreate] and other materials was examined in order to ascertain the resistance of Koch's bacillus to R/AMP, INH, SM and EMB. Primary drug resistance was found in 64 cases (23.79% of the total) and was isolated in 32 (11.89%), multiple in the rest. The response to the individual antibiotics was a follows resistance to INH was isolated in 11 cases (4.08%), combined with resistance to other drugs in 27 (10.03%); resistance to SM was isolated in 13 cases (4.81%) multiple in 24 (8.92%); resistance to R/AMP was isolated in 4 cases (1.48%), multiple in 14 (5.2%); resistance to EMB was isolated in 4 (1.48%) multiple in 19 (7.06%). Comparison with earlier studies in the Turin area highlights that the incidence of TB, in decline up to 1979, significantly increased in the period considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Giove
- Ospedale Pneumologico S. Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Torino
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11
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Gai R, Oliaro A, Galietti F, Giorgis GE, Bruna S, Ardizzi A, Bianchi M, Bernardi W. [Different rates of theophylline clearance. A statistical study of a group of asthmatics]. Minerva Med 1990; 81:275-81. [PMID: 2342653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In standard clinical practice the pharmacokinetic profile of theophylline is monitored by measuring blood levels of the drug. However a more accurate picture of the metabolic pattern over time can be obtained by monitoring theophylline clearance. This technique was applied to 40 lung disease patients most (55%) of them slow metabolisers as described in the literature. In the light of this findings, cautious dosing is advisable when no data are available or clearance (difficult to apply outside a strictly specialist environment).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gai
- Ospedale Pneumologico S Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Torino
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Galietti F, Giorgis GE, Oliaro A, Ardizzi A, Barberis S, Bernardi V, Gai R, Onoscuri M. Tuberculosis of the larynx. Today. Panminerva Med 1989; 31:134-6. [PMID: 2601977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Forty-one cases of laryngeal tuberculosis accounting for 0.79% of the TB cases observed in 1975-85 are examined. The M/F ratio was 9.2:1; the mean age 52 years 9 months. In all cases current or earlier tubercular lesions on the pulmonary parenchyma were also noted. The laryngeal sites affected were as follows, in order of frequency: true vocal cords, epiglottis, false cords and laryngeal ventricles, arytenoid and interarytenoid area, subglottic area. The patients were treated with R/AMP, INH, EMB or SM, EMB with satisfactory results. Two cases required exeresis of laryngeal lesions and 3 tracheotomy.
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