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Garrigan E, McCarthy G, Krom RJ, Bronshteyn YS. Focused Cardiac Ultrasound Identification of Dynamic Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction. Anesthesiology 2023; 139:858-859. [PMID: 37721860 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000004697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Garrigan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Grace McCarthy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham Veterans Health Administration, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Russell J Krom
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yuriy S Bronshteyn
- Yuriy S. Bronshteyn, M.D., F.A.S.E.; Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham Veterans Health Administration, Durham, North Carolina
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Krom RJ, Welsby IJ, Fuller M, Barbas AS, Gao Q, Anwar IJ, Dunkman WJ. Incidence of Postreperfusion Hyperfibrinolysis in Liver Transplantation by Donor Type and Observed Treatment Strategies. Anesth Analg 2023; 136:518-523. [PMID: 36729887 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperfibrinolysis is a possible complication during liver transplantation, particularly immediately after reperfusion. METHODS We performed a retrospective study to examine the incidence, treatment, and resolution of postreperfusion hyperfibrinolysis in patients undergoing liver transplantation at Duke University Hospital from 2015 to 2020. RESULTS Out of 535 patients undergoing liver transplantation, 21 or 3.9%, 95% CI (2.5-5.9), had hyperfibrinolysis after reperfusion. Hyperfibrinolysis occurred in 16 of 511 (3.1%) patients receiving livers from DBD donors, 5 of 18 (27.8%) patients receiving livers from donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors, and 0 of 6 (0.0%) patients receiving livers from living donors. Fibrinolysis was treated with cryoprecipitate (12/21), a combination of cryoprecipitate and tranexamic acid (3/21), or neither (6/21) and resolved within several hours in all cases. CONCLUSIONS Anesthesiologists should be aware of the possibility of postreperfusion hyperfibrinolysis in liver transplantation, particularly with DCD donors, and may consider treatment with cryoprecipitate or tranexamic acid. Further work is needed to identify any potential differences, such as faster resolution of fibrinolysis, between different treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell J Krom
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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Abstract
The increasing incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections is creating a global public health threat. Because conventional antibiotic drug discovery has failed to keep pace with the rise of resistance, a growing need exists to develop novel antibacterial methodologies. Replication-competent bacteriophages have been utilized in a limited fashion to treat bacterial infections. However, this approach can result in the release of harmful endotoxins, leading to untoward side effects. Here, we engineer bacterial phagemids to express antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and protein toxins that disrupt intracellular processes, leading to rapid, nonlytic bacterial death. We show that this approach is highly modular, enabling one to readily alter the number and type of AMPs and toxins encoded by the phagemids. Furthermore, we demonstrate the effectiveness of engineered phagemids in an in vivo murine peritonitis infection model. This work shows that targeted, engineered phagemid therapy can serve as a viable, nonantibiotic means to treat bacterial infections, while avoiding the health issues inherent to lytic and replicative bacteriophage use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell J Krom
- †Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- ‡Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- ∥Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- ⊥Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Prerna Bhargava
- †Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- §Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- ∥Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Michael A Lobritz
- †Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- §Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- ∥Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- #Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - James J Collins
- †Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- ‡Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- §Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- ∥Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Litcofsky KD, Afeyan RB, Krom RJ, Khalil AS, Collins JJ. Iterative plug-and-play methodology for constructing and modifying synthetic gene networks. Nat Methods 2012; 9:1077-80. [PMID: 23042452 PMCID: PMC3492501 DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.2205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We present a methodology for the design, construction, and modification of synthetic gene networks. This method emphasizes post-assembly modification of constructs based on network behavior, thus facilitating iterative design strategies and rapid tuning and repurposing of gene networks. The ease of post-construction modifications afforded by this approach and the ever-increasing repository of components within the framework will help to fast-track the development of functional genetic circuits for synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Litcofsky
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Agnew HD, Rohde RD, Millward SW, Nag A, Yeo WS, Hein JE, Pitram SM, Tariq AA, Burns VM, Krom RJ, Fokin VV, Sharpless KB, Heath JR. Iterative in situ click chemistry creates antibody-like protein-capture agents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:4944-8. [PMID: 19301344 PMCID: PMC3716464 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Special agents for protein capture: Iterative in situ click chemistry (see scheme for the tertiary ligand screen) and the one-bead-one-compound method for the creation of a peptide library enable the fragment-based assembly of selective high-affinity protein-capture agents. The resulting ligands are water-soluble and stable chemically, biochemically, and thermally. They can be produced in gram quantities through copper(I)-catalyzed cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather D. Agnew
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Rosemary D. Rohde
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Steven W. Millward
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Arundhati Nag
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Woon-Seok Yeo
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Jason E. Hein
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA)
| | - Suresh M. Pitram
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA)
| | - Abdul Ahad Tariq
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Vanessa M. Burns
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Russell J. Krom
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Valery V. Fokin
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA)
| | - K. Barry Sharpless
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 (USA)
| | - James R. Heath
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA), Fax: (+1)626-395-2355, Homepage: http://www.its.caltech.edu/~heathgrp
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