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Bernard L, Decau ML, Morvan-Bertrand A, Lavorel S, Clément JC. Water-soluble carbohydrates in Patzkea paniculata (L.): a plant strategy to tolerate snowpack reduction and spring drought in subalpine grasslands. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2020; 22:441-449. [PMID: 31834979 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In subalpine grasslands of the central French Alps, cessation of traditional mowing promotes dominance of Patzkea paniculata (L.) G.H.Loos (Poaceae) tussocks, with high biomass but low fodder quality. Mowing limits P. paniculata abundance through the depletion of its water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) reserves, which sustain early spring growth initiation. However, the effectiveness of mowing effects is modulated by grassland functional composition, fertilization and climate change, as WSC compounds, and notably fructans, support plant physiological responses to climate stresses such as drought or frost. To characterize the mechanisms underpinning the control of P. paniculata under global change, we tested the effects of climate manipulation (combined snow removal and drought) and management (cutting and fertilization) alone or in combination on P. paniculata WSC storage in assembled grassland communities of varying functional composition. Management and climate treatments individually decreased seasonal fructan storage, with neither additive nor synergic effects between them, primarily due to the dominance of management over climate effects. Fructan amounts were higher in individuals growing in unmanaged exploitative communities compared to unmanaged conservative communities, regardless of climate treatments, but management overrode these differences. Our findings suggest that reduction by combined snow removal and drought of P. paniculata carbon allocation to WSC storage may similarly limit its dominance to that in current mowing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bernard
- CNRS, LECA, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, Grenoble, France
| | - M-L Decau
- INRA, EVA, Normandie Université, Caen, France
| | | | - S Lavorel
- CNRS, LECA, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, Grenoble, France
| | - J-C Clément
- CNRS, LECA, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, Grenoble, France
- INRA, CARRTEL, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, Thonon-les-Bains, France
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Legay N, Baxendale C, Grigulis K, Krainer U, Kastl E, Schloter M, Bardgett RD, Arnoldi C, Bahn M, Dumont M, Poly F, Pommier T, Clément JC, Lavorel S. Contribution of above- and below-ground plant traits to the structure and function of grassland soil microbial communities. Ann Bot 2014; 114:1011-21. [PMID: 25122656 PMCID: PMC4171078 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcu169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Abiotic properties of soil are known to be major drivers of the microbial community within it. Our understanding of how soil microbial properties are related to the functional structure and diversity of plant communities, however, is limited and largely restricted to above-ground plant traits, with the role of below-ground traits being poorly understood. This study investigated the relative contributions of soil abiotic properties and plant traits, both above-ground and below-ground, to variations in microbial processes involved in grassland nitrogen turnover. METHODS In mountain grasslands distributed across three European sites, a correlative approach was used to examine the role of a large range of plant functional traits and soil abiotic factors on microbial variables, including gene abundance of nitrifiers and denitrifiers and their potential activities. KEY RESULTS Direct effects of soil abiotic parameters were found to have the most significant influence on the microbial groups investigated. Indirect pathways via plant functional traits contributed substantially to explaining the relative abundance of fungi and bacteria and gene abundances of the investigated microbial communities, while they explained little of the variance in microbial activities. Gene abundances of nitrifiers and denitrifiers were most strongly related to below-ground plant traits, suggesting that they were the most relevant traits for explaining variation in community structure and abundances of soil microbes involved in nitrification and denitrification. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that consideration of plant traits, and especially below-ground traits, increases our ability to describe variation in the abundances and the functional characteristics of microbial communities in grassland soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Legay
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS 5553, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - C Baxendale
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - K Grigulis
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS 5553, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France Station Alpine Joseph Fourier, UMS 3370 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 2233 Rue de la Piscine, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - U Krainer
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - E Kastl
- Research Unit for Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - M Schloter
- Research Unit for Environmental Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - R D Bardgett
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK and
| | - C Arnoldi
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS 5553, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - M Bahn
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M Dumont
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, Université Lyon1, Université de Lyon, 15 USC INRA 1364, UMR CNRS 5557, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - F Poly
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, Université Lyon1, Université de Lyon, 15 USC INRA 1364, UMR CNRS 5557, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - T Pommier
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, Université Lyon1, Université de Lyon, 15 USC INRA 1364, UMR CNRS 5557, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - J C Clément
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS 5553, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - S Lavorel
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS 5553, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
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Homolová L, Schaepman ME, Lamarque P, Clevers JGPW, de Bello F, Thuiller W, Lavorel S. Comparison of remote sensing and plant trait-based modelling to predict ecosystem services in subalpine grasslands. Ecosphere 2014. [DOI: 10.1890/es13-00393.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Binet M, Sage L, Malan C, Clément J, Redecker D, Wipf D, Geremia R, Lavorel S, Mouhamadou B. Effects of mowing on fungal endophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in subalpine grasslands. FUNGAL ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Baptist F, Secher-Fromell H, Viard-Cretat F, Aranjuelo I, Clement JC, Creme A, Desclos M, Laine P, Nogues S, Lavorel S. Carbohydrate and nitrogen stores in Festuca paniculata under mowing explain dominance in subalpine grasslands. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2013; 15:395-404. [PMID: 23061932 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00652.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cessation of traditional management threatens semi-natural grassland diversity through the colonisation or increase of competitive species adapted to nutrient-poor conditions. Regular mowing is one practice that controls their abundance. This study evaluated the ecophysiological mechanisms limiting short- and long-term recovery after mowing for Festuca paniculata, a competitive grass that takes over subalpine grasslands in the Alps following cessation of mowing. We quantified temporal variations in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content, starch, fructan and total soluble sugars in leaves, stem bases and roots of F. paniculata during one growth cycle in mown and unmown fields and related them to the dynamics of soil mineral N concentration and soil moisture. Short-term results suggest that the regrowth of F. paniculata following mowing might be N-limited, first because of N dilution by C increments in the plant tissue, and second, due to low soil mineral N and soil moisture at this time of year. However, despite short-term effects of mowing on plant growth, C and N content and concentration at the beginning of the following growing season were not affected. Nevertheless, total biomass accumulation at peak standing biomass was largely reduced compared to unmown fields. Moreover, lower C storage capacity at the end of the growing season impacted C allocation to vegetative reproduction during winter, thereby dramatically limiting the horizontal growth of F. paniculata tussocks in the long term. We conclude that mowing reduces the growth of F. paniculata tussocks through both C and N limitation. Such results will help understanding how plant responses to defoliation regulate competitive interactions within plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Baptist
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR 5553 CNRS-UJF, Université de Grenoble, Grenoble, France.
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Gross N, Robson TM, Lavorel S, Albert C, Le Bagousse-Pinguet Y, Guillemin R. Plant response traits mediate the effects of subalpine grasslands on soil moisture. New Phytol 2008; 180:652-662. [PMID: 18657216 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02577.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
* In subalpine grasslands, changes in abiotic conditions with decreased management intensity alter the functional composition of plant communities, leading to modifications of ecosystem properties. Here, it is hypothesized that the nature of plant feedbacks on soil moisture is determined by the values of key traits at the community level. * As community functional parameters of grasslands change along a gradient of land uses, those traits that respond most to differences in abiotic conditions produced by land use changes were identified. A vegetation removal experiment was then conducted to determine how each plant community affected soil moisture. * Soil moisture was negatively correlated with community root length and positively correlated with canopy height, whereas average leaf area was associated with productivity. These traits were successfully used to predict the effects on soil moisture of each plant community in the removal experiment. This result was validated using data from an additional set of fields. * These findings demonstrate that the modification of soil moisture following land use change in subalpine grasslands can be mediated through those plant functional traits that respond to water availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gross
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
- Present address: INRA site du Crouel, UR874 Agronomie de Clermont-Ferrand URAC - 234 avenue du Brézet, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - T M Robson
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
- Station Alpine Joseph Fourier (SAJF), UMS 2925 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - S Lavorel
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
- Station Alpine Joseph Fourier (SAJF), UMS 2925 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - C Albert
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
- Station Alpine Joseph Fourier (SAJF), UMS 2925 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Y Le Bagousse-Pinguet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
- Station Alpine Joseph Fourier (SAJF), UMS 2925 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - R Guillemin
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
- Station Alpine Joseph Fourier (SAJF), UMS 2925 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble, France
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Bello F, Lepš J, Lavorel S, Moretti M. Importance of species abundance for assessment of trait composition: an example based on pollinator communities. COMMUNITY ECOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1556/comec.8.2007.2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hooper DU, Chapin FS, Ewel JJ, Hector A, Inchausti P, Lavorel S, Lawton JH, Lodge DM, Loreau M, Naeem S, Schmid B, Setälä H, Symstad AJ, Vandermeer J, Wardle DA. EFFECTS OF BIODIVERSITY ON ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING: A CONSENSUS OF CURRENT KNOWLEDGE. ECOL MONOGR 2005. [DOI: 10.1890/04-0922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5024] [Impact Index Per Article: 264.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Hedlund K, Santa Regina I, Van der Putten WH, Lepš J, Díaz T, Korthals GW, Lavorel S, Brown VK, Gormsen D, Mortimer SR, Rodríguez Barrueco C, Roy J, Smilauer P, Smilauerová M, Van Dijk C. Plant species diversity, plant biomass and responses of the soil community on abandoned land across Europe: idiosyncracy or above-belowground time lags. OIKOS 2003. [DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.12511.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Prieur-Richard AH, Lavorel S, Grigulis K, Dos Santos A. Plant community diversity and invasibility by exotics: invasion of Mediterranean old fields by Conyza bonariensis and Conyza canadensis. Ecol Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1461-0248.2000.00157.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Van der Putten WH, Mortimer SR, Hedlund K, Van Dijk C, Brown VK, Lepä J, Rodriguez-Barrueco C, Roy J, Diaz Len TA, Gormsen D, Korthals GW, Lavorel S, Regina IS, Smilauer P. Plant species diversity as a driver of early succession in abandoned fields: a multi-site approach. Oecologia 2000; 124:91-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s004420050028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Chapin FS, Zavaleta ES, Eviner VT, Naylor RL, Vitousek PM, Reynolds HL, Hooper DU, Lavorel S, Sala OE, Hobbie SE, Mack MC, Díaz S. Consequences of changing biodiversity. Nature 2000; 405:234-42. [PMID: 10821284 DOI: 10.1038/35012241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1353] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Human alteration of the global environment has triggered the sixth major extinction event in the history of life and caused widespread changes in the global distribution of organisms. These changes in biodiversity alter ecosystem processes and change the resilience of ecosystems to environmental change. This has profound consequences for services that humans derive from ecosystems. The large ecological and societal consequences of changing biodiversity should be minimized to preserve options for future solutions to global environmental problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S Chapin
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks 99775, USA.
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Lavorel S, McIntyre S, Landsberg J, Forbes T. Plant functional classifications: from general groups to specific groups based on response to disturbance. Trends Ecol Evol 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5347%2897%2901219-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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