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Kang S, Lee SI, Min BW, Lee TH, Baek SJ, Kwak JM, Kim J, Kim SH, Kim JS, Ji WB, Um JW, Hong KD. A multicentre comparative study between laparoscopic and open surgery for intussusception in adults. Colorectal Dis 2020; 22:1415-1421. [PMID: 32356391 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Intussusception in adults is rare and requires surgery in most cases. While abdominal laparoscopic surgery (LS) is becoming more popular, there are few reports on the outcomes of adult intussusception treated with LS. This study compared the feasibility of LS vs open surgery (OS) for adult intussusception. METHOD We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of adult patients with intussusception from three tertiary hospitals between 2000 and 2016. The patients were divided into LS and OS groups, and their surgical outcomes were compared. RESULTS Surgery was indicated in 71 patients with intussusception (41 LS and 30 OS). The median age of the patients was 49.0 and 51.5 years in the LS and OS groups, respectively (P = 0.930). Overall, nine (12.7%) patients had a negative laparotomy or laparoscopy with spontaneous reduction of the intussusception. Conversion to OS from LS was necessary in one patient (2.4%). The operative time and intra-operative and postoperative complication rates were not significantly different. However, there were more serious complications such as bowel perforation and major vessel injury in the LS group. The patients in the LS group had a shorter time to first food intake and hospital stay vs patients in the OS group (4.0 vs 6.0 days, P < 0.001, and 7.0 vs 10.5 days, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION LS may be feasible for adult intussusception; there may be more severe intra-operative complications than in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S I Lee
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - B W Min
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - T H Lee
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-J Baek
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-M Kwak
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-H Kim
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J S Kim
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - W-B Ji
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - J W Um
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - K D Hong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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O'Shea A, Tam AL, Kilcoyne A, Flaherty KT, Lee SI. Image-guided biopsy in the age of personalised medicine: strategies for success and safety. Clin Radiol 2020; 76:154.e1-154.e9. [PMID: 32896425 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oncology has progressed into an era of personalised medicine, whereby the therapeutic regimen is tailored to the molecular profile of the patient's cancer. Determining personalised therapeutic options is achieved by using tumour genomics and proteomics to identify the specific molecular targets against which candidate drugs can interact. Several dozen targeted drugs, many for multiple cancer types are already widely in clinical use. Molecular profiling of tumours is contingent on high-quality biopsy specimens and the most common method of tissue sampling is image-guided biopsy. Thus, for radiologists performing these biopsies, the paradigm has now shifted away from obtaining specimens simply for histopathological diagnosis to acquiring larger amounts of viable tumour cells for DNA, RNA, or protein analysis. These developments have highlighted the central role now played by radiologists in the delivery of personalised cancer care. This review describes the principles of molecular profiling assays and biopsy techniques for optimising yield, and describes a scoring system to assist in patient selection for percutaneous biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O'Shea
- Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - A L Tam
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - A Kilcoyne
- Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - K T Flaherty
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - S I Lee
- Department of Radiology, Division of Abdominal Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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Kim M, Choe Y, Lee H, Cheon YH, Lee SI. SAT0007 BLOCKING HISTAMINE-RELEASING FACTOR/TRANSLATIONALLY CONTROLLED TUMOR PROTEIN (HRF/TCTP) ATTENUATES AGGRESSIVENESS OF FIBROBLAST-LIKE SYNOVIOCYTES AND AMELIORATES COLLAGEN-INDUCED ARTHRITIS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Histamine-releasing factor/translationally controlled tumor protein (HRF/TCTP) stimulates cancer progression and allergic responses. Increased expression of HRF/TCTP occurs in joints of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, but the role of HRF/TCTP in RA remains undefinedObjectives:In this study, we explored the pathogenic significance of HRF/TCTP and evaluated therapeutic effects of HRF/TCTP blockade in RA.Methods:HRF/TCTP transgenic (TG) and knockdown (KD) mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) were used to determine experimental phenotypes of RA. HRF/TCTP levels were measured in sera and joint fluids in patients with RA and compared to those with osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Behcet disease, and healthy controls. HRF/TCTP expression was also assessed in synovium and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) obtained from RA or OA patients. Finally, we assessed effects of HRF/TCTP and dimerized HRF/TCTP binding peptide-2 (dTBP2), an inhibitor of HRF/TCTP, in RA-FLS and CIA mice.Results:Our clinical, radiological, histological, and biochemical analyses indicate that inflammatory responses and joint destruction were increased in HRF/TCTP TG mice, and decreased in KD mice compared to wild-type littermates. HRF/TCTP levels were higher in sera, synovial fluid, synovium, and FLS of patients with RA than in control groups. Serum levels of HRF/TCTP correlated well with disease activity in RA. Tumor-like aggressiveness of RA-FLS was exacerbated by HRF/TCTP stimulation and ameliorated by dTBP2 treatment. dTBP2 exerted protective and therapeutic effects in CIA mice, and had no detrimental effect in a murine tuberculosis model.Conclusion:Our results indicate that HRF/TCTP represents a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for diagnosis and treatment of RA.References:N/AAcknowledgments :National Research Foundation of KoreaKorea Health Industry Development InstituteDisclosure of Interests:None declared
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Patel M, Lee SI, Akyea RK, Grindlay D, Francis N, Levell NJ, Smart P, Kai J, Thomas KS. A systematic review showing the lack of diagnostic criteria and tools developed for lower-limb cellulitis. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:1156-1165. [PMID: 30844076 PMCID: PMC6916392 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Cellulitis can be a difficult diagnosis to make. Furthermore, 31% of patients admitted from the emergency department with suspected lower‐limb cellulitis have been misdiagnosed, with incorrect treatment potentially resulting in avoidable hospital admission and the prescription of unnecessary antibiotics. Objectives We sought to identify diagnostic criteria or tools that have been developed for lower‐limb cellulitis. Methods We conducted a systematic review using Ovid MEDLINE and Embase databases in May 2018, with the aim of describing diagnostic criteria and tools developed for lower‐limb cellulitis, and we assessed the quality of the studies identified using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies‐2 tool. We included all types of study that described diagnostic criteria or tools. Results Eight observational studies were included. Five studies examined biochemical markers, two studies assessed imaging and one study developed a diagnostic decision model. All eight studies were considered to have a high risk for bias in at least one domain. The quantity and quality of available data was low and results could not be pooled owing to the heterogeneity of the findings. Conclusions There is a lack of high‐quality publications describing criteria or tools for diagnosing lower‐limb cellulitis. Future studies using prospective designs, validated in both primary and secondary care settings, are needed. What's already known about this topic? Diagnosing lower‐limb cellulitis on first presentation is challenging. Approximately one in three patients admitted from the emergency department with suspected lower‐limb cellulitis do not have cellulitis and are given another diagnosis on discharge. Consequently, this results in potentially avoidable hospital admissions and the prescription of unnecessary antibiotics. There are no diagnostic criteria available for lower‐limb cellulitis in the U.K.
What does this study add? This systematic review has identified a key research gap in the diagnosis of lower‐limb cellulitis. There is a current lack of robustly developed and validated diagnostic criteria or tools for use in clinical practice.
Linked Comment: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.18317. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.18569 available online
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Affiliation(s)
- M Patel
- Division of Primary Care & National Institute for Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K
| | - S I Lee
- Division of Primary Care & National Institute for Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K
| | - R K Akyea
- Division of Primary Care & National Institute for Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K
| | - D Grindlay
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K
| | - N Francis
- Division of Population Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K
| | - N J Levell
- Dermatology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, U.K
| | - P Smart
- Patient representative, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K
| | - J Kai
- Division of Primary Care & National Institute for Health Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K
| | - K S Thomas
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, U.K
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Park JH, Lee SI, Kim IH. Effect of dietary Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis on the growth performance, antioxidant enzyme activity, nutrient digestibility, cecal microflora, excreta noxious gas emission, and breast meat quality of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2018; 97:2451-2459. [PMID: 29672750 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of dietary Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant enzyme activity, nutrient digestibility, cecal microflora, excreta noxious gas emission, organ weight and breast meat quality in broiler chickens. In total, 800 Ross 308 male broiler chickens (1-d-old) were randomly divided into 5 dietary treatments with 10 replicate cages (16 birds/replicate) per treatment for 5 wk. The dietary treatments were a control basal diet without Spirulina or with 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, or 1.0% Spirulina. Body weight gain, feed conversion, and/or European production efficiency index improved linearly with supplementation of Spirulina during d 8 to 21, 22 to 35, and overall d 1 to 35 (P < 0.05). Dietary Spirulina supplementation caused a significant increase in the serum enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (linear, P < 0.05). Apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen showed a linear increase in Spirulina supplementation (P < 0.05). Cecal Lactobacillus count linearly increased and excreta ammonia gas emission linearly decreased, as dietary Spirulina supplementation increased (P < 0.05). There were no significant effects on relative organ weight and breast meat quality of broilers fed with Spirulina diets; however, 7 d drip loss linearly decreased in treatment groups fed with Spirulina (P < 0.05). These results indicate that adding Spirulina to the diet of broilers can improve antioxidant enzyme activity, dry matter and nitrogen digestibility, cecal Lactobacillus population, excreta ammonia gas emission, and 7 d drip loss of breast meat. In addition, dietary inclusion of 1.0% Spirulina powder might provide a good alternative to improve broiler chicken production.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Park
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - S I Lee
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - I H Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Roto SM, Park SH, Lee SI, Kaldhone P, Pavlidis HO, Frankenbach SB, McIntyre DR, Striplin K, Brammer L, Ricke SC. Effects of feeding Original XPC™ to broilers with a live coccidiosis-vaccine under industry conditions: Part 1. Growth performance and Salmonella inhibition. Poult Sci 2018; 96:1831-1837. [PMID: 28340000 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementation of poultry diets with Diamond V Original XPC™ (XPC) has been proposed as a means to ameliorate the commonly observed loss of appetite and depression of growth in birds given a live coccidiosis vaccine. A study was conducted to compare the effects on bird performance of a live coccidiosis vaccine in broilers, with and without the dietary inclusion of XPC (1.25 g/kg). Ross 708 male broilers (n = 1,280) were allocated to one of 4 feed treatments: cocci-vaccine (T1), cocci-vaccine + XPC (T2), cocci-vaccine + salinomycin in the grower diet only, (T3), and cocci-vaccine + salinomycin in the grower diet + XPC (T4). Birds consuming diets containing XPC (T2 and T4) and salinomycin (T3) exhibited increased (P < 0.05) feed intake and significantly heavier body weights at 28 d (1.70, 1.74, and 1.67 kg, respectively) and 42 d (3.29, 3.31, and 3.26 kg, respectively). Feed conversion ratio at 28 d was improved (P < 0.05) by adding XPC to diets (T2: 1.47 and T4: 1.44) compared to control diets (T1: 1.50 and T3: 1.47). Salmonella prevalence determined via selective media indicated the inclusion of XPC in the diet resulted in a significant reduction of Salmonella when compared to treatments lacking XPC. Molecular confirmation of Salmonella species indicated S. Kentucky to be present in 38 of the 39 positive samples. Results revealed the ability of XPC in reducing the prevalence of Salmonella. Results from this study also suggest that XPC could be used in conjunction with a live coccidiosis-vaccine to increase growth rate and improve feed conversion of broilers. However, further work is needed to delineate more specific effects directly attributable to XPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Roto
- Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72704
| | - S H Park
- Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72704
| | - S I Lee
- Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72704
| | - P Kaldhone
- Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72704
| | | | | | | | | | - L Brammer
- OK Foods, Inc., Fort Smith, AR 72916
| | - S C Ricke
- Center for Food Safety and Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72704
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Lan RX, Lee SI, Kim IH. Effects of Enterococcus faecium SLB 120 on growth performance, blood parameters, relative organ weight, breast muscle meat quality, excreta microbiota shedding, and noxious gas emission in broilers. Poult Sci 2018; 96:3246-3253. [PMID: 28549196 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This 5-week study was conducted to determine the effects of Enterococcus faecium (SLB 120) on growth performance, blood parameters, relative organ weight, breast muscle meat quality, excreta microbiota shedding, and noxious gas emission in broilers. A total of 816 one-day-old male broilers were allocated to 4 groups with 12 replications (17 broilers/pen) according to body weight (43.2 ± 0.32 g). Dietary treatment groups were: (1) CON, basal diet, (2) T1, CON + 0.05% E. faecium, (3) T2, CON + 0.10% E. faecium, (4) T3, CON + 0.20% E. faecium. From day 1 to 21, dietary E. faecium supplementation showed linear increase (P < 0.05) in gain:feed ratio. From day 21 to 35 and the overall period, dietary E. faecium supplementation showed a linear increase (P < 0.05) in body weight gain and gain:feed ratio. On day 35, dietary E. faecium supplementation showed a linear increase (P < 0.05) in the apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen, and the relative weight of bursa of Fabricius; no differences were observed in white blood cells, red blood cells or lymphocyte counts. Dietary E. faecium supplementation showed a linear decrease (P < 0.05) in excreta E.coli counts on day 7 and 35, while excreta Lactobacillus counts were linearly increased (P < 0.05) on day 35. On day 35, dietary E. faecium supplementation linearly decreased (P < 0.05) excreta NH3, H2S, and total mercaptans emission, but only H2S emission was linearly decreased (P < 0.05) on day 7. In conclusion, the supplementation of E. faecium improved growth performance, the digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen, the relative weight of bursa of Fabricius, and shifted excreta microbiota by increasing Lactobacillus and decreasing E.coli counts, as well as decreased excreta NH3, H2S, and total mercaptans gas emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- R X Lan
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam 330-714, South Korea
| | - S I Lee
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam 330-714, South Korea
| | - I H Kim
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam 330-714, South Korea.
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Varela-Stokes AS, Park SH, Stokes JV, Gavron NA, Lee SI, Moraru GM, Ricke SC. Tick microbial communities within enriched extracts of Amblyomma maculatum. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018. [PMID: 29530467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Our objective of this study was to explore the bacterial microbiome in fresh or fresh-frozen adult Amblyomma maculatum (Gulf Coast ticks) using extracts enriched for microbial DNA. We collected 100 questing adult A. maculatum, surface disinfected them, and extracted DNA from individual ticks collected the same day or after storage at -80 °C. Because only extracts with microbial DNA concentrations above 2 ng/μL were considered suitable for individual analysis, we expected fewer samples to meet these requirements. Of individual ticks extracted, 48 extracts met this minimum concentration. We pooled 20 additional extracts that had lower concentrations to obtain seven additional pools that met the minimum DNA concentration. Libraries created from these 55 samples were sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq platform, and data sets were analyzed using QIIME to identify relative abundance of microorganisms by phylum down to genus levels. Proteobacteria were in greatest abundance, followed by Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, at levels between 1.9% and 6.4% average relative abundance. Consistent with the Francisella-like endosymbiont known to be present in A. maculatum, the genus Francisella was detected at highest relative abundance (72.9%; SE 0.02%) for all samples. Among the top ten genera identified (relative abundance ≥ 0.5%) were potential extraction kit contaminants, Sphingomonas and Methylobacterium, the soil bacterium Actinomycetospora, and the known A. maculatum-associated genus, Rickettsia. Four samples had Rickettsia at greater than 1% relative abundance, while nine additional samples had Rickettsia at low (0.01-0.04%) relative abundance. In this study, we used the entire microbe-enriched DNA extract for whole ticks for microbiome analysis. A direct comparison of the microbiome in microbe-enriched DNA and total genomic DNA extracts from halves of the same tick would be useful to determine the utility of this extraction method in this system. We anticipate that future tick microbiome studies will be valuable to explore the influence of microbial diversity on pathogen maintenance and transmission, and to evaluate niche-specific microbiomes within individual tick tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Varela-Stokes
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, United States.
| | - S H Park
- Center for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, United States
| | - J V Stokes
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, United States
| | - N A Gavron
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, United States
| | - S I Lee
- Center for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, United States; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, United States
| | - G M Moraru
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, United States
| | - S C Ricke
- Center for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, United States; Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, United States
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Kim KW, Kim JH, Choe WJ, Kim JY, Lee SI, Kim KT, Park JS, Kim JW, Lee Y, Lee JH, Park J. Effectiveness of 100 Beats per Minute Music on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Compression Rate Education: A Manikin Study. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791702400102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guidelines emphasize the importance of high-quality chest compression. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of education using music on the chest compression rate. Methods This randomised, open-labeled study enrolled 81 medical students. They were randomly divided into three groups. After they were educated in CPR according to the American Heart Association 2010 guidelines, they performed 100 chest compressions using a mannequin capable of collecting each compression depth and speed. After that, the control group received a verbal feedback about their own results. The metronome group was also notified of their own results, and listened to the metronome sound at 100 beats per minute (bpm). The music group listened to the music (about 100 bpm). Twenty-four hours after their CPR education, chest compressions were performed again with the method identical to the first evaluation. The results were compared using multivariate analysis of variances. Result Compression rate (bpm): There was a significant difference between the control (mean, 110.4; 95% CI: 104.4, 116.5) and metronome group (mean, 98.5; 95% CI: 91.6, 105.4) after education (p=0.01). There was a significant difference between control and music group (mean, 98.2; 95% CI: 94.6, 101.8) after education (p<0.001) There were no differences between the music and metronome group before or after education (p=0.50, p=0.94). However, the variance of music group was significantly less than the metronome group (p=0.01). Compression depth (inches): there was no difference between the groups according to the CPR education method. (Control: 1.8±0.3; Metronome group: 1.6±0.2; Music group: 1.7±0.3 p=0.09) Conclusion Both education method of using music and metronome are more effective than conventional method. However the effect of using music may be better than using metronome.
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Affiliation(s)
- KW Kim
- Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 9 Marunnai-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - JH Kim
- Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 2240 Daehwa-dong, IlsanSeo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - WJ Choe
- Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 2240 Daehwa-dong, IlsanSeo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - JY Kim
- Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 2240 Daehwa-dong, IlsanSeo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - SI Lee
- Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 2240 Daehwa-dong, IlsanSeo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - KT Kim
- Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 2240 Daehwa-dong, IlsanSeo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - JS Park
- Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 2240 Daehwa-dong, IlsanSeo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - JW Kim
- Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 2240 Daehwa-dong, IlsanSeo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Y Lee
- Dongguk University Medical Center Ilsan Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology/Statistic Institute, 27 Dongguk-ro IlsanDong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - JH Lee
- Dongguk University Medical Center Ilsan Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology/Statistic Institute, 27 Dongguk-ro IlsanDong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - J Park
- Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, 2240 Daehwa-dong, IlsanSeo-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Narendran P, Jackson N, Daley A, Thompson D, Stokes K, Greenfield S, Charlton M, Curran M, Solomon TPJ, Nouwen A, Lee SI, Cooper AR, Mostazir M, Taylor RS, Kennedy A, Andrews RC. Exercise to preserve β-cell function in recent-onset Type 1 diabetes mellitus (EXTOD) - a randomized controlled pilot trial. Diabet Med 2017; 34:1521-1531. [PMID: 28905421 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Residual β-cell function is present at the time of diagnosis with Type 1 diabetes. Preserving this β-cell function reduces complications. We hypothesized that exercise preserves β-cell function in Type 1 diabetes and undertook a pilot trial to address the key uncertainties in designing a definitive trial to test this hypothesis. METHODS A randomized controlled pilot trial in adults aged 16-60 years diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes within the previous 3 months was undertaken. Participants were assigned to control (usual care) or intervention (exercise consultation every month), in a 1 : 1 ratio for 12 months. The primary outcomes were recruitment rate, drop out, exercise adherence [weeks with ≥ 150 min of self-reported moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA)], and exercise uptake in the control group. The secondary outcomes were differences in insulin sensitivity and rate of loss of β-cell function between intervention and control at 6 and 12 months. RESULTS Of 507 individuals who were approached, 58 (28 control, 30 intervention) entered the study and 41 completed it. Participants were largely white European males, BMI 24.8 ± 3.8 kg/m2 , HbA1c 75 ± 25 mmol/mol (9 ± 2%). Mean level of objectively measured MVPA increased in the intervention group (mean 243 to 273 min/week) and 61% of intervention participants reached the target of ≥ 150 min/week of self-reported MVPA on at least 42 weeks of the year. Physical activity levels fell slightly in the control group (mean 277 to 235 min of MVPA/week). There was exploratory evidence that intervention group became more insulin sensitive and required less insulin. However, the rate of loss of β-cell function appeared similar between the groups, although the change in insulin sensitivity may have affected this. CONCLUSION We show that it is possible to recruit and randomize people with newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes to a trial of an exercise intervention, and increase and maintain their exercise levels for 12 months. Future trials need to incorporate measures of greater adherence to exercise training targets, and include more appropriate measures of β-cell function. (Clinical Trials Registry No; ISRCTN91388505).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Narendran
- The Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Diabetes, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - N Jackson
- Division of Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - A Daley
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - D Thompson
- School for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - K Stokes
- School for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - S Greenfield
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Charlton
- Department of Diabetes, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Curran
- The Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - T P J Solomon
- The Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Nouwen
- Department of Psychology, School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, UK
| | - S I Lee
- The Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - A R Cooper
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle, University Hospitals Bristol Education and Research Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - M Mostazir
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences (CLES), University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - R S Taylor
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - A Kennedy
- The Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Diabetes, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - R C Andrews
- University of Exeter, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Kim SA, Park SH, Lee SI, Ricke SC. Rapid and simple method by combining FTA™ card DNA extraction with two set multiplex PCR for simultaneous detection of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains and virulence genes in food samples. Lett Appl Microbiol 2017; 65:482-488. [PMID: 28960364 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to optimize two multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays that could simultaneously detect six non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) as well as the three virulence genes. We also investigated the potential of combining the FTA™ card-based DNA extraction with the multiplex PCR assays. Two multiplex PCR assays were optimized using six primer pairs for each non-O157 STEC serogroup and three primer pairs for virulence genes respectively. Each STEC strain specific primer pair only amplified 155, 238, 321, 438, 587 and 750 bp product for O26, O45, O103, O111, O121 and O145 respectively. Three virulence genes were successfully multiplexed: 375 bp for eae, 655 bp for stx1 and 477 bp for stx2. When two multiplex PCR assays were validated with ground beef samples, distinctive bands were also successfully produced. Since the two multiplex PCR examined here can be conducted under the same PCR conditions, the six non-O157 STEC and their virulence genes could be concurrently detected with one run on the thermocycler. In addition, all bands clearly appeared to be amplified by FTA card DNA extraction in the multiplex PCR assay from the ground beef sample, suggesting that an FTA card could be a viable sampling approach for rapid and simple DNA extraction to reduce time and labour and therefore may have practical use for the food industry. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Two multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were optimized for discrimination of six non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and identification of their major virulence genes within a single reaction, simultaneously. This study also determined the successful ability of the FTA™ card as an alternative to commercial DNA extraction method for conducting multiplex STEC PCR assays. The FTA™ card combined with multiplex PCR holds promise for the food industry by offering a simple and rapid DNA sample method for reducing time, cost and labour for detection of STEC in food and environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Kim
- Center for Food Safety - Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - S H Park
- Center for Food Safety - Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - S I Lee
- Center for Food Safety - Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - S C Ricke
- Center for Food Safety - Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of two different complex probiotic supplementations on the growth performance, meat quality, excreta microflora, nutrient retention, blood metabolic profile and noxious gas emissions in broilers. A total of 612 conventional healthy 1-d-old Ross 308 broilers with body weight of 41 ± 0.3 g were randomly divided into 3 treatments with 12 replicate cages, with 17 broilers in each cage and fed with the following diets: CON-Basal diet, T1-CON + Probiotic A, T2-CON + Probiotic B. Significant results were observed on body weight gain, but not on feed conversation ratio and feed intake, in the whole experimental period. Increased faecal lactobacillus counts were found with probiotics supplementation. However, no significant effects were found for meat quality, nutrient retention, blood metabolic profile or noxious gas emissions. In conclusion, both multi-strain probiotics had beneficial effects on growth performance, drip loss percentage and faecal Lactobacillus counts in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Balamuralikrishnan
- a Department of Animal Resource and Science , Dankook University , Cheonan , Choongnam , South Korea
| | - S I Lee
- a Department of Animal Resource and Science , Dankook University , Cheonan , Choongnam , South Korea
| | - I H Kim
- a Department of Animal Resource and Science , Dankook University , Cheonan , Choongnam , South Korea
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13
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Liu WC, Lee SI, Hong ST, Jang YS, Kim IH. Comparison of apparent total tract and ileal digestibility in growing and finishing pigs fed soybean meal, rapeseed meal, and canola meal. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2016.1258364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. C. Liu
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - S. I. Lee
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - S. T. Hong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Y. S. Jang
- Bioenergy Crop Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Muan, Republic of Korea
| | - I. H. Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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Park KH, Lee S, Park JH, Kang SY, Kim HY, Park IH, Park YH, Im YH, Lee HJ, Park S, Lee SI, Jung KH, Kim YS, Seo JH. A randomized, multi-center, open-label, phase III study of once-per-cycle DA-3031, a pegylated G-CSF, in comparison with daily filgrastim in patients receiving TAC chemotherapy for breast cancer. Support Care Cancer 2016; 25:505-511. [PMID: 27709313 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-016-3429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This multi-center, randomized, phase III study was conducted to demonstrate the non-inferiority of DA-3031 compared with daily filgrastim in patients during the first cycle of chemotherapy for breast cancer in terms of the duration of severe neutropenia (DSN). METHODS Seventy-four patients with breast cancer who were receiving combination chemotherapy with docetaxel, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (TAC) were enrolled. All participants were randomized to receive either daily subcutaneous injections of filgrastim 100 μg/m2/day for up to 10 days or a single subcutaneous injection of DA-3031 at fixed doses of 6 mg on day 2 of each chemotherapy cycle. RESULTS The mean duration of grade 4 (G4) neutropenia in cycle 1 was 2.08 ± 0.85 days for the filgrastim group and 2.28 ± 1.14 days for the DA-3031 group. The difference between groups was 0.2 ± 1.10 days (95 % confidence interval (CI) = -0.26, 0.66), which supported non-inferiority. No statistically significant differences were observed in nadir absolute neutrophil count (ANC) (154.34/mm3 and 161.75/mm3 for the filgrastim and DA-3031 groups, respectively; P = 0.8414) or in time to ANC recovery (10.03 ± 0.75 and 9.83 ± 1.56 days in the filgrastim and DA-3031 groups, respectively; P = 0.0611) during cycle 1. Serious AEs occurred in six (15.8 %) patients receiving filgrastim and in ten (27.8 %) patients receiving DA-3031; however, none was determined to be related to the study drug. CONCLUSIONS DA-3031 and daily filgrastim are similar in regard to DSN and safety in breast cancer patients receiving TAC chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Park
- Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchonro, Sungbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02481, South Korea
| | - S Lee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J H Park
- Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - S Y Kang
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - H Y Kim
- Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Pyeongchon, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - I H Park
- Center for Breast Cancer and Center for Clinical Trials, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Y H Park
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y H Im
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Product Development HQ, Dong-A ST, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Park
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S I Lee
- Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - K H Jung
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jae Hong Seo
- Division of Oncology/Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchonro, Sungbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02481, South Korea.
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15
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Liu WC, Park JH, Lee SI, Upadhaya SD, Kim IH. 0930 Effects of dietary supplementation with xylanase on growth performance, ileal digesta viscosity, apparent ileal digestibility, and excreta noxious gas emission of broilers fed wheat-based diets. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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16
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Park JW, Jeong JS, Lee SI, Kim IH. Effect of dietary supplementation with a probiotic (Enterococcus faecium) on production performance, excreta microflora, ammonia emission, and nutrient utilization in ISA brown laying hens. Poult Sci 2016; 95:2829-2835. [PMID: 27422665 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters due to resistance issues has urged scientists to find alternatives to antibiotics. Entercoccus faecium is one of the probiotics which have been used as an alternative to antibiotics in the livestock industry. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of probiotic (Enterococcus faecium DSM 7134) supplementation on production performance, feed intake, egg quality, excreta microflora, ammonia emission, and nutrient utilization in laying hens. A total of 288 ISA brown laying hens were used in a 27 wk feeding experiment and randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments with 8 replicates of 12 birds each. The treatments were CON (basal diet), PB1 (basal diet + 0.005% E. faecium), and PB2 (basal diet + 0.01% E. faecium). Overall, our results demonstrated that E. faecium supplementation resulted in a significant increase in egg production, egg shell thickness, and nutrient digestibility (dry matter, nitrogen, and energy) in laying hens, and a significant reduction in fecal coliform counts as compared with CON. The shift of excreta fecal microbial composition by E. faecium supplementation was accompanied by increased nutrient retention and reduction in nutrient excretion, leading to improved nutrient digestibility and reduced excreta ammonia emission. Overall, E. faecium supplementation appears to have a beneficial effect in ISA brown laying hens and should be considered as a positive diet supplement to use in the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Park
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Jeong
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - S I Lee
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - I H Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, Republic of Korea
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17
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Upadhaya SD, Devi SM, Lee SI, Kim IH. 173 Potentials of probiotics B. subtilis RX7 and B. methylotrophicus C14 strains as an alternative to antibiotics in Salmonella challenged weaning pigs. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/msasas2016-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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Lan RX, Koo JM, Lee SI, Cho JH, Kim IH. 175 Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal microbiota in weanling pigs. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/msasas2016-175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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19
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Lan RX, Koo JM, Lee SI, Kim IH. 152 Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product supplementation in different nutrient density diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbiota and fecal noxious gas emissions in weanling pigs. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/msasas2016-152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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20
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Lee SI, Koo JM, Lan RX, Kim IH. 158 Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product modulates inflammatory activity by regulating the TLR4 and NFkB expression in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells after lipopolysaccharide challenge. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/msasas2016-158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Lan RX, Lee SI, Kim IH. Effects of multistrain probiotics on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, faecal microbial shedding, faecal score and noxious gas emission in weaning pigs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 100:1130-1138. [PMID: 27870289 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the efficacy of multistrain probiotics in weaning pigs. A total of 125 28-day-old weaning pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] with an initial average body weight (BW) of 7.26 ± 0.76 kg were randomly allotted into 5 treatments, 5 replicate pens/treatment with 5 pigs/pen for 42-day experiment. Dietary treatments were as follows: CON, basal diet; PC1, CON + 0.01% multistrain probiotics; PC2, CON + 0.03% multistrain probiotics; PC3, CON + 0.06% multistrain probiotics; PC4, CON + 0.1% multistrain probiotics. On day 14, pigs fed the PC4 diet had higher BW gain than pigs fed the CON diet. On day 42, pigs fed multistrain probiotics supplementation diets had higher BW gain than pigs fed the CON diet. From days 1 to 14, pigs fed the PC2, PC3 and PC4 diets had higher (p < 0.05) ADG than pigs fed the CON diet. From day 15 to 42, pigs fed the multistrain probiotics supplementation diets had higher (p < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG) and gain: feed ratio (G:F) than pigs fed the CON diet. In the overall period, pigs fed the multistrain probiotics supplementation diets had higher (p < 0.05) ADG and pigs fed the PC2 and PC4 diets had higher (p < 0.05) G:F than pigs fed the CON diet. On day 42, pigs fed the PC4 diet had higher (p < 0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N) and gross energy (GE), faecal Lactobacillus counts and lower (p < 0.05) E. coli counts and NH3 emission than pigs fed the CON diet. Pigs fed the multistrain probiotics supplementation diets had lower (p < 0.05) H2 S and total mercaptans emissions than pigs fed the CON diet. Conclusions, dietary supplementation with 0.1% probiotics improved growth performance, nutrition digestibility and intestinal microflora balance and decreased faecal noxious gas emissions in weaning pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R X Lan
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
| | - S I Lee
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
| | - I H Kim
- Department of Animal Resource & Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
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Jeon M, Choi H, Lee SI, Kim JS, Park M, Kim K, Lee S, Byun SJ. GRP78 is required for cell proliferation and protection from apoptosis in chicken embryo fibroblast cells. Poult Sci 2016; 95:1129-36. [PMID: 26944959 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken serum has been suggested as a supplement to promote chicken cell proliferation and development. However, the molecular mechanisms by which chicken serum stimulates chicken cell proliferation remain unknown. Here, we evaluated the effects of chicken serum supplementation on chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) and DF-1 cell proliferation. We also sought to elucidate the molecular pathways involved in mediating the effects of chicken serum on fibroblasts and DF-1 cells by overexpression of chicken 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (chGRP78), which is important for cell growth and the prevention of apoptosis. Our data demonstrated that the addition of 5% chicken serum significantly enhanced fibroblast proliferation. Moreover, knockdown of chGRP78 using siRNA decreased fibroblast proliferation and increased apoptosis. Based on these results, we suggest that the chGRP78-mediated signaling pathway plays a critical role in chicken serum-stimulated fibroblast survival and anti-apoptosis. Therefore, our findings have important implications for the maintenance of chicken fibroblast cells through the inhibition of apoptosis and may lead to the development of new treatments for avian disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jeon
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 565-851, Republic of Korea
| | - H Choi
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 565-851, Republic of Korea
| | - S I Lee
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongam, 330-714 Republic of Korea
| | - J S Kim
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 565-851, Republic of Korea
| | - M Park
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 565-851, Republic of Korea
| | - K Kim
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 565-851, Republic of Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Byun
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, 1500, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 565-851, Republic of Korea
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23
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Kim J, Han Y, Ahn JH, Kim SW, Lee SI, Lee KH, Ahn K. Airborne formaldehyde causes skin barrier dysfunction in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 2016; 175:357-63. [PMID: 27535603 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains to be elucidated whether exposure to air pollutants aggravates atopic dermatitis (AD). OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exposure to formaldehyde for 1 h and 2 h on skin barrier function in both the control and the AD groups. METHODS In 41 patients with AD and 34 healthy children, a provocation test was performed in which two different areas of normal-appearing skin on the forearm were stimulated with airborne formaldehyde at 500 μg m(-3) or placebo for 2 h. We measured transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin pH, and calculated the percentage change from baseline. RESULTS Exposure to formaldehyde increased TEWL in the control group [P < 0·001; median of difference 1·4; interquartile range (IQR) 0·9-1·6] and in the AD group (P < 0·001; median of difference 2·5; IQR 2·0-3·6). The percentage change of TEWL after formaldehyde exposure in the AD group was higher than in the control group (P < 0·001), whereas exposure to placebo showed no differences between both groups. The AD group also demonstrated a higher percentage increase in skin pH after exposure to formaldehyde than the control group (P < 0·001). CONCLUSIONS Short-term exposure to formaldehyde causes skin barrier dysfunction in both healthy children and children with AD, and this effect is more prominent in children with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.,Environmental Health Centre for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Han
- Environmental Health Centre for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Ahn
- Biostatistics Team, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Kim
- Biostatistics Team, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - S I Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea
| | - K H Lee
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - K Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-710, Korea.,Environmental Health Centre for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Lee SI, Kim JK, Hancock JD, Kim IH. β-glucan from mulberry leaves and curcuma can improve growth performance and nutrient digestibility in early weaned pigs. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2016.1141775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. I. Lee
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Choongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - J. K. Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Choongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - J. D. Hancock
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, NY, USA
| | - I. H. Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Choongnam, Republic of Korea
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Devi SM, Lee SI, Kim IH. Effect of phytogenics on growth performance, fecal score, blood profiles, fecal noxious gas emission, digestibility, and intestinal morphology of weanling pigs challenged with Escherichia coli K88. Pol J Vet Sci 2016; 18:557-64. [PMID: 26618588 DOI: 10.1515/pjvs-2015-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Phytogenic feed additives have become attractive alternatives for use in animal diets. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a phytogenic-based feed additive on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, fecal noxious gas emission, and intestinal morphology of weaning pigs after dietary challenge with E. coli K88. A total of 120 crossbred pigs [(Yorkshire×Landrace)×Duroc)] with an initial body weight (BW) of 6.09±0.96 kg (21 d of age) were assigned randomly to 1 of the 4 dietary treatments. Each pen housed 5 pigs, and there were 6 pens/treatment. Treatments included: T1, negative control (without antibiotics); T2, T1+antibiotic; T3, T1+0.05% phytogenics; and T4, T1+0.2% commercial mix of organic acids. Overall, the average daily gain (ADG) with the T3 treatment was higher (P<0.05). At wk 1, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM) was increased (P<0.05) with T4 treatment. The ATTD of ash with T3 and T4 treatments was greater (P<0.05). At wk 3, pigs fed with the T4 diet had a significantly higher (P<0.05) ATTD of DM. The ATTD of ash and calcium (Ca) was significantly increased (P<0.05) with the T4 treatment. Pigs fed with the T3 diet had a higher (P<0.05) ATTD of phosphorus (P). At wk 6, the ATTD of ash was significantly increased (P<0.05) with the T1 and T3 treatments. The data indicate that phytogenics positively affect growth performance of weaning pigs, indicating that their use as an alternative in the diets of weaning pigs can significantly improve ADG, under challenge with E.coli K88.
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Kim HB, Kim SC, Lee SI, Kim IH. Attenuation of the adverse effects caused by the foot-and-mouth disease vaccination in pigs. Vet Rec 2015; 177:494. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.103231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. B. Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science; Dankook University; Cheonan Chungnam 330-714 Republic of Korea
| | - S. C. Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science; Dankook University; Cheonan Chungnam 330-714 Republic of Korea
| | - S. I. Lee
- Department of Animal Resources Science; Dankook University; Cheonan Chungnam 330-714 Republic of Korea
| | - I. H. Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science; Dankook University; Cheonan Chungnam 330-714 Republic of Korea
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Lee SI, Sayers M, Lip GYH, Lane DA. Use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation patients: insights from a specialist atrial fibrillation clinic. Int J Clin Pract 2015; 69:1341-8. [PMID: 26234557 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are broadly preferable to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) given their overall net clinical benefit. We report an audit of the profile of OAC usage and adverse events in patients attending a specialist AF clinic. METHODS Patients attending our specialist AF clinic who were commenced on NOACs for SPAF between January 2013 and August 2014 were included and electronic medical records were retrospectively reviewed between August 2014 and November 2014, to collect demographic, clinical and outcome data. Outcomes included cerebrovascular and bleeding events, death, switching between NOACs or to VKA, dose changes, cessation of NOACs and the reasons for these. To provide perspective, descriptive comparisons were made with a historical cohort of warfarin users attending the specialist AF clinic prior to the introduction of NOACs. RESULTS We report data on 813 patients as follows: (i) 233 consecutive patients (mean (standard deviation) age 74 (10) years, 45.1% female) initiated on NOACs, with median (interquartile range) CHA2 DS2 -VASc score 3 (2-5) and HAS-BLED score 1 (1-2); and (ii) a historical cohort of 580 patients on warfarin (mean (SD) age 75 (10) years, 42.1% female) with broadly similar demographics. Overall, 54.5% (127/233) were started on rivaroxaban, 22.7% (53/233) on dabigatran and 22.7% on apixaban. Two patients experienced a transient ischaemic attack; 31 patients (13%) contributed to 37 documented bleeding events of which five bleeds (in four patients, 1.7%) were classified as major. There were seven deaths; cause of death was not available for three and the others were not related to NOACs. Eighteen (7.7%) patients switched NOACs, 2 (0.9%) patients switched to warfarin and 8 (3.4%) had their NOACs stopped. There were no ischaemic strokes in the NOAC cohort, compared with nine in the warfarin cohort, with a similar rate of major bleeding (1.7% for NOACs and 1.6% for warfarin). There were more gastrointestinal haemorrhages in the NOAC cohort (3.4% vs. 0.7% with warfarin). CONCLUSION In this specialist AF clinic, patients prescribed NOACs had a favourable adverse event profile with good efficacy for stroke prevention, with a low rate of cessation or switch to warfarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Lee
- University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Cardiology Department, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Sayers
- Cardiology Department, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - G Y H Lip
- University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - D A Lane
- University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Ji JH, Song HN, Kim RB, Oh SY, Lim HY, Park JO, Park SH, Kim MJ, Lee SI, Ryou SH, Hwang IG, Jang JS, Kim HJ, Choi JY, Kang JH. Natural history of metastatic biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients with good performance status (PS) who were treated with only best supportive care (BSC). Jpn J Clin Oncol 2015; 45:256-60. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyu210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
Abstract Dermatomyositis (DM) is rare during the reproductive period, but when it does occur most reports have noted that it has an adverse effect on fetal outcome. Conversely, there is little information concerning the contribution of pregnancy to the development and course of DM. We describe here a patient with DM that developed after delivery of an infant and summarize previously documented cases of postpartum-onset DM. This case suggests that pregnancy could be a trigger for the development of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine , No. 634-18, Keum-Am Dong, Duck-Jin Gu, Chonju, Chonbuk 561-712 , Korea
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Lee SI, Yang HD, Son IH, Moon HI. Antimalarial activity of a stilbene glycoside fromPleuropterus ciliinervis. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 2013; 102:181-4. [DOI: 10.1179/136485908x252359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Rengaraj D, Lee BR, Choi JW, Lee SI, Seo HW, Kim TH, Choi HJ, Song G, Han JY. Gene pathways and cell cycle-related genes in cultured avian primordial germ cells. Poult Sci 2013; 91:3167-77. [PMID: 23155027 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGC) from early embryos are applicable to various kinds of research, including the production of transgenic animals. Primordial germ cells eventually migrate and differentiate into germ cells in the gonads, where they settle and rapidly proliferate. However, the proliferation rate of PGC is low in early embryos, and there are many significant pathways that mediate PGC activity. Therefore, in vitro culture of PGC from early embryos with efficient growth factors has been necessary. Recently, we cultured chicken PGC from embryonic d 2.5 with basic fibroblast growth factor and characterized the PGC through analysis of cell morphology, survival, proliferation, and apoptosis. However, large-scale analyses of genes expressed in cultured PGC and the genes involved in associated pathways are limited. The objective of the present investigation was to identify the signaling and metabolic pathways of expressed genes by microarray comparison between PGC and their somatic counterpart, chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEF). We identified 795 genes that were expressed more predominantly in PGC and 824 genes that were expressed more predominantly in CEF. Among the predominant genes in PGC, 201 were differentially identified in 106 pathways. Among the predominant genes in CEF, 242 were differentially identified in 99 pathways. To further validate the genes involved in at least one candidate pathway, those involved in the cell cycle (12 predominant genes in PGC and 8 predominant genes in CEF) were examined by real-time PCR. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate signaling and metabolic pathways in cultured PGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
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Jang DH, Sung IY, Kang JY, Lee SI, Park JY, Yuk JS, Byun EM. Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the manual ability classification system for children with cerebral palsy. Child Care Health Dev 2013; 39:90-3. [PMID: 22708965 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2012.01408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the inter- and intra-rater reliability of the Korean version of the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) for children with cerebral palsy. METHODS After a two-step forward and one-step backward translation, the inter-rater reliability of the Korean version of the MACS was assessed separately by parents, occupational therapists and physicians. A second assessment for intra-rater reliability was performed 4 weeks later. RESULTS Sixty-nine children were enrolled. The intra-class correlation coefficients were 0.956 between occupational therapists and physicians, 0.927 between parents and physicians, and 0.960 between parents and occupational therapists. Intra-rater reliability ranged from 0.965 to 0.987. CONCLUSIONS The Korean version of the MACS is reliable and valid and is suitable for assessing manual ability in Korean children with cerebral palsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D-H Jang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Korea
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Han SW, Sa KH, Kim SI, Lee SI, Park YW, Lee SS, Yoo WH, Soe JS, Nam EJ, Lee J, Park JY, Kang YM. CCR5 gene polymorphism is a genetic risk factor for radiographic severity of rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 80:416-23. [PMID: 22924548 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2012.01955.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine receptor [C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)] is expressed on diverse immune effecter cells and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study sought to determine whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CCR5 gene and their haplotypes were associated with susceptibility to and severity of RA. Three hundred fifty-seven patients with RA and 383 healthy unrelated controls were recruited. Using a pyrosequencing assay, we examined four polymorphisms -1118 CTAT(ins) (/del) (rs10577983), 303 A>G (rs1799987), 927 C>T (rs1800024), and 4838 G>T (rs1800874) of the CCR5 gene, which were distributed over the promoter region as well as the 5' and 3' untranslated regions. No significant difference in the genotype, allele, and haplotype frequencies of the four selected SNPs was observed between RA patients and controls. CCR5 polymorphisms of -1118 CTAT(del) (P = 0.012; corrected P = 0.048) and 303 A>G (P = 0.012; corrected P = 0.048) showed a significant association with radiographic severity in a recessive model, and, as a result of multivariate logistic regression analysis, were found to be an independent predictor of radiographic severity. When we separated the erosion score from the total Sharp score, the statistical significance of CCR5 polymorphisms showed an increase; -1118 CTAT(ins) (/del) (P = 0.007; corrected P = 0.028) and 303 A>G (P = 0.007; corrected P = 0.028). Neither SNPs nor haplotypes of the CCR5 gene showed a significant association with joint space narrowing score. These results indicate that genetic polymorphisms of CCR5 are an independent risk factor for radiographic severity denoted by modified Sharp score, particularly joint erosion in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Fatima hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Papadopoulos NG, Arakawa H, Carlsen KH, Custovic A, Gern J, Lemanske R, Le Souef P, Mäkelä M, Roberts G, Wong G, Zar H, Akdis CA, Bacharier LB, Baraldi E, van Bever HP, de Blic J, Boner A, Burks W, Casale TB, Castro-Rodriguez JA, Chen YZ, El-Gamal YM, Everard ML, Frischer T, Geller M, Gereda J, Goh DY, Guilbert TW, Hedlin G, Heymann PW, Hong SJ, Hossny EM, Huang JL, Jackson DJ, de Jongste JC, Kalayci O, Aït-Khaled N, Kling S, Kuna P, Lau S, Ledford DK, Lee SI, Liu AH, Lockey RF, Lødrup-Carlsen K, Lötvall J, Morikawa A, Nieto A, Paramesh H, Pawankar R, Pohunek P, Pongracic J, Price D, Robertson C, Rosario N, Rossenwasser LJ, Sly PD, Stein R, Stick S, Szefler S, Taussig LM, Valovirta E, Vichyanond P, Wallace D, Weinberg E, Wennergren G, Wildhaber J, Zeiger RS. International consensus on (ICON) pediatric asthma. Allergy 2012; 67:976-97. [PMID: 22702533 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2012.02865.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic lower respiratory disease in childhood throughout the world. Several guidelines and/or consensus documents are available to support medical decisions on pediatric asthma. Although there is no doubt that the use of common systematic approaches for management can considerably improve outcomes, dissemination and implementation of these are still major challenges. Consequently, the International Collaboration in Asthma, Allergy and Immunology (iCAALL), recently formed by the EAACI, AAAAI, ACAAI, and WAO, has decided to propose an International Consensus on (ICON) Pediatric Asthma. The purpose of this document is to highlight the key messages that are common to many of the existing guidelines, while critically reviewing and commenting on any differences, thus providing a concise reference. The principles of pediatric asthma management are generally accepted. Overall, the treatment goal is disease control. To achieve this, patients and their parents should be educated to optimally manage the disease, in collaboration with healthcare professionals. Identification and avoidance of triggers is also of significant importance. Assessment and monitoring should be performed regularly to re-evaluate and fine-tune treatment. Pharmacotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment. The optimal use of medication can, in most cases, help patients control symptoms and reduce the risk for future morbidity. The management of exacerbations is a major consideration, independent of chronic treatment. There is a trend toward considering phenotype-specific treatment choices; however, this goal has not yet been achieved.
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Ahn HK, Suh C, Chuang SS, Suzumiya J, Ko YH, Kim SJ, Huh JR, Yoon DH, Oh SY, Kim JS, Lee SI, Park KW, Hsieh PP, Nakamura S, Yoshino T, Ito K, Nagatani T, Oshimi K, Suzuki R, Kim WS. Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma from skin or soft tissue: suggestion of treatment from multinational retrospective analysis. Ann Oncol 2012; 23:2703-2707. [PMID: 22547542 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical features and outcomes of extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKL) arising from extranasal sites are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to study the prognosis and treatment outcome of skin/soft tissue primary ENKL. PATIENTS AND METHODS This multicenter retrospective study included 48 patients with skin/soft tissue primary ENKL diagnosed from 1993 to 2010. RESULTS Patients with Ann Arbor stage I, T1-2N0M0 by International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas-European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer TNM (tumour-node-metastasis) stage, International prognostic index score of 0-1, and a Korean prognostic index (KPI) score of 0-1 were associated with better survival. Four of five patients with T1-2N0M0 disease achieved complete response with radiation alone. In disseminated disease, only 6 of 13 patients responded to anthracycline-containing chemotherapy, and all the two patients receiving SMILE showed response. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we identified the prognostic value of KPI, and we suggest a treatment recommendation according to the TNM (tumour-node-metastasis) stage. Radiotherapy with/without chemotherapy seemed to be optimal in localized disease. In advanced stages, a more aggressive treatment regimen with newer agents should be sought.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Ahn
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - C Suh
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S S Chuang
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan and Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J Suzumiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Y H Ko
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S J Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - J R Huh
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - D H Yoon
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan and Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S Y Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan
| | - J S Kim
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - S I Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - K W Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - P P Hsieh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, and Center for General Education, Yuh-Ing Junior College of Health Care and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S Nakamura
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya
| | - T Yoshino
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama
| | - K Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine, Niigata
| | - T Nagatani
- Department of Dermatology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama
| | - K Oshimi
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University, Tokyo
| | - R Suzuki
- Department of HSCT Data Management, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - W S Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul.
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Lee YR, Hwang JK, Lee HS, Cheon YJ, Ryu JH, Lee SI, Kwak HB, Lee SM, Kim JS, Park JW, Jeon R, Park BH. SPA0355, a thiourea analogue, inhibits inflammatory responses and joint destruction in fibroblast-like synoviocytes and mice with collagen-induced arthritis. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 164:794-806. [PMID: 21501144 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01441.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE NF-κB has been implicated as a therapeutic target for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. We previously synthesized a thiourea analogue, SPA0355, which suppressed NF-κB activity. Here we have assessed the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of SPA0355. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We evaluated the effects of SPA0355 on human rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes in vitro and on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice in vivo. KEY RESULTS In vitro experiments demonstrated that SPA0355 suppressed chemokine production, matrix metalloproteinase secretion and cell proliferation induced by TNF-α in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes. In addition, SPA0355 inhibited osteoclast differentiation induced by macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand, in bone marrow macrophages. Mice with CIA that were pretreated with SPA0355 had a lower cumulative disease incidence and severity of arthritis, based on hind paw thickness, radiological and histopathological findings, and inflammatory cytokine levels, than mice treated with vehicle. Mice treated with SPA0355, after the onset of CIA, also showed significantly decreased disease incidence and joint oedema. The in vitro and in vivo protective effects of SPA0355 were mediated by inhibition of the NF-κB signalling pathway. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Taken together, these results suggested that using SPA0355 to block the NF-κB pathway in rheumatoid joints reduced both the inflammatory responses and tissue destruction. Therefore, SPA0355 may have therapeutic value in preventing or delaying joint destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, and Diabetes Research Center, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Korea
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Abstract
Twenty mammary lymph node samples were collected from cattle on a farm in the Republic of Korea. These cattle were serologically negative for Brucella by tube agglutination test (≤ 1:50) and serum agglutination test (≤ 1:50). Out of 20 lymph node samples, two samples were positive for Brucella growth on Brucella agar as well as blood agar. Tests for urease, hydrogen sulphide and reactions against monospecific sera A and M indicated that these two isolates (No. 15 and 16) belong to the genus Brucella. Genus specific, AMOS (abortus, melitensis, ovis, suis) and Bruce-ladder multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays confirmed the Brucella isolates as either a B. abortus or a B. canis strain. This is the first report of the occurrence of a B. canis infection in cattle in Korea. More survey data are needed to determine whether B. canis is a significant aetiology in the cases of cattle brucellosis in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Baek
- Korean Zoonoses Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Kelly JC, O'Briain DE, Walls R, Lee SI, O'Rourke A, Mc Cabe JP. The role of pre-operative assessment and ringfencing of services in the control of methicillin resistant Staphlococcus aureus infection in orthopaedic patients. Surgeon 2011; 10:75-9. [PMID: 22385528 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MRSA is a major economic and health issue internationally and as such is of particular importance in the appropriate management of orthopaedic patients. Bone, joint and implant infection can lead to unfavourable outcomes with a long protracted in hospital stay inevitable. The cost for the patient, the hospital and society are substantial. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was a review of a prospectively maintained database from our unit over three time points from 2005 to 2007. At each time point a new infection control measure was implemented in an effort to reduce MRSA infections. Total rates of MRSA infection and colonisation in all orthopaedic patients were recorded, before and after separation of trauma and elective services, and after the introduction of a screening pre assessment clinic. RESULTS 12259 orthopaedic patients were reviewed over the three years. The mean age of MRSA infected patients was 71. A higher proportion of female patients were infected than male patients. The mean length of stay for infected patients was 23.4 days. The rate of infection dropped from 0.49% in 2005 to 0.24%in 2007. After the introduction of these measures there was a substantial reduction in organ space and deep tissue infections. CONCLUSION The separation of emergency and elective orthopaedic services coupled with effective pre-operative screening has resulted in a significant reduction in MRSA infection despite an ever increasing prevalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Kelly
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland.
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Klein T, Marlaud R, Marcenat C, Cercellier H, Konczykowski M, van der Beek CJ, Mosser V, Lee HS, Lee SI. First-order transition in the magnetic vortex matter in superconducting MgB2 tuned by disorder. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:047001. [PMID: 20867876 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.047001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The field-driven transition from an ordered Bragg glass to a disordered vortex phase in single-crystalline MgB2 is tuned by an increasing density of point defects, introduced by electron irradiation. The discontinuity observed in magnetization attests to the first-order nature of the transition. The temperature and defect density dependences of the transition field point to vortex pinning mediated by fluctuations in the quasiparticle mean free path, and reveal the mechanism of the transition in the absence of complicating factors such as layeredness or thermal fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Klein
- Institut Néel, CNRS, 25 rue des martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
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Paik YH, Kim JK, Lee JI, Kang SH, Kim DY, An SH, Lee SJ, Lee DK, Han KH, Chon CY, Lee SI, Lee KS, Brenner DA. Celecoxib induces hepatic stellate cell apoptosis through inhibition of Akt activation and suppresses hepatic fibrosis in rats. Gut 2009; 58:1517-27. [PMID: 19201774 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.157420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) but not quiescent HSCs express cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), suggesting that the COX-2/prostanoid pathway has an active role in hepatic fibrogenesis. However, the role of COX-2 inhibitors in hepatic fibrogenesis remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifibrotic effects of celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor. METHODS The effects of various COX inhibitors-that is, ibuprofen, celecoxib, NS-398 and DFU, were investigated in activated human HSCs. Then, the antifibrotic effect of celecoxib was evaluated in hepatic fibrosis developed by bile duct ligation (BDL) or peritoneal thioacetamide (TAA) injection in rats. RESULTS Celecoxib, NS-398 and DFU inhibited platelet-derived growth facor (PDGF)-induced HSC proliferation; however, only celecoxib (> or =50 microM) induced HSC apoptosis. All COX inhibitors completely inhibited prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and PGI(2) production in HSCs. Separately, PGE(2) and PGI(2) induced cell proliferation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in HSCs. All COX inhibitors attenuated ERK activation, but only celecoxib significantly inhibited Akt activation in HSCs. Celecoxib-induced apoptosis was significantly attenuated in HSCs infected with adenovirus containing a constitutive active form of Akt (Ad5myrAkt). Celecoxib had no significant effect on PPARgamma (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) expression in HSCs. Celecoxib inhibited type I collagen mRNA and protein production in HSCs. Oral administration of celecoxib (20 mg/kg/day) significantly decreased hepatic collagen deposition and alpha-SMA (alpha-smooth muscle actin) expression in BDL- and TAA-treated rats. Celecoxib treatment significantly decreased mRNA expression of COX-2, alpha-SMA, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) and collagen alpha1(I) in both models. CONCLUSIONS Celecoxib shows a proapoptotic effect on HSCs through Akt inactivation and shows antifibrogenic effects in BDL- and TAA-treated rats, suggesting celecoxib as a novel antifibrotic agent of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Paik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Liver Cirrhosis Clinical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 135-720, Korea
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Chandrasena R, Dvoráková D, Lee SI, Loza N, Mosolov SN, Osváth P, Pregelj P, Walton RJ, Karagianis J, Treuer T. Intramuscular olanzapine vs. intramuscular short-acting antipsychotics: safety, tolerability and the switch to oral antipsychotic medication in patients with schizophrenia or acute mania. Int J Clin Pract 2009; 63:1249-58. [PMID: 19558486 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02116.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study compared the safety, tolerability and switch to oral medication in patients with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia who received intramuscular (IM) olanzapine or other IM antipsychotics for the treatment of acute agitation. METHODS Patients (N = 2011) from 15 countries participated in this prospective, observational, non-interventional study. Inpatients requiring treatment with at least one IM injection of a short-acting antipsychotic were assessed at baseline and within 7 days after the first IM injection. Treatment groups comprised: (i) patients prescribed IM olanzapine at baseline; and (ii) patients prescribed any other IM antipsychotic medication at baseline. Outcome measures included: treatment-emergent adverse events, concomitant psychotropic medication and the time taken to switch to oral medication. RESULTS Fewer patients in the IM olanzapine group experienced an adverse event than patients in the other IM antipsychotic group (34.4% vs. 46.2%, p < 0.001). The most frequently reported adverse events in both groups were: sedation, Parkinsonism, disturbance in attention, akathisia, dystonia and orthostatic hypotension. Fewer patients in the IM olanzapine group used anticholinergics (13.9% vs. 42.5%, p < 0.001) or anxiolytics/hypnotics (47.6% vs. 51.6%, p = 0.023). Patients in the IM olanzapine group switched to oral medication earlier than patients in the other IM antipsychotic group (median time = 46.5 vs. 48.0 h, p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that IM olanzapine may have a favourable impact on individual patients. However, the high rate of oral concomitant medication used throughout the study limits these findings from being associated with IM olanzapine alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chandrasena
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario, Chatham, Ontario, Canada
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Yoon SZ, Lee SI, Lee HW, Lim HJ, Yoon SM, Chang SH. The effect of increasing operating room capacity on day-of-surgery cancellation. Anaesth Intensive Care 2009; 37:261-6. [PMID: 19400490 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0903700203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have been conducted to evaluate the utilisation of the operating room, a fixed resource, in terms of conditions that prevent day-of-surgery cancellation due to deficient operative capacity. In this study, we surveyed the causes and overall rates of elective surgery cancellation and then compared the number of cancellations that occurred before and after the installation of additional operating rooms. We surveyed all patients undergoing elective surgery for 100 days prior to and after the installation of additional operating rooms. The causes for cancellations were divided into six categories: departmental issues, abnormal laboratory results, patient denial, inadequate preparation, over-booking and other issues. The departmental causes were further divided into four categories: ward overflow, scheduling date errors, unavailable surgeons and other issues. The number of overall cancelled cases and scheduled cases increased following the increase in operating room capacity, although this increase was not statistically significant. However; the cancellation ratio rose significantly after the operating room capacity was increased. The primary reasons for cancellation prior to the increase in operating room capacity were departmental issues, over-booking and abnormal laboratory data, in that order. After the operating room capacity was increased, the primary reasons for cancellation were departmental issues, abnormal laboratory data and over-booking, in that order Taken together the results of this study indicate that increased operating room capacity can prevent cancellation due to over-booking. However; the numbers of cancellations due to ward overflow exceeded the numbers of cancellations that occurred as a result of over-booking. In conclusion, increasing the operating room capacity is not an appropriate option for preventing the cancellation of operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Z Yoon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Jung MH, Lee SI. The pressure effect on magnetism in CeTe(1.82). J Phys Condens Matter 2009; 21:026004. [PMID: 21813997 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/2/026004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the pressure effect of the normal-state transport and magnetic properties of CeTe(1.82) up to 9 kbar. We found that the applied pressure increases the Kondo temperature (T(K)(*)∼170 K), which is associated with the two-dimensional motion of carriers confined within the Te plane. Both the short-range ferromagnetic ordering temperature (T(SRF)∼6 K) and the long-range antiferromagnetic transition temperature (T(N)∼4.3 K) are slightly increased with pressure. We suggest that the application of pressure enhances coupling between the 4f and conduction electrons. While applying the magnetic field, a large magnetoresistance is observed in the vicinity of T(SRF), which is analogous to that at ambient pressure.
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Lee KJ, Lee JS, Kim SJ, Correll CU, Wee H, Yoo SY, Jeong JM, Lee DS, Lee SI, Kwon JS. Loss of asymmetry in D2 receptors of putamen in unaffected family members at increased genetic risk for schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2008; 118:200-8. [PMID: 18699953 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01223.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dopamine dysregulation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The present study was performed to examine whether unaffected relatives at high genetic risk of schizophrenia have dopamine dysregulation in comparison with healthy controls. METHOD Eleven unaffected relatives from families with two or more first- or second-degree relatives with schizophrenia (n = 9) or with a monozygotic schizophrenic twin (n = 2) and 11 age- and sex-matched controls were examined using positron emission tomography (PET) with [(11)C] raclopride. Subjects also underwent extensive neuropsychological testing. RESULTS Subjects with high genetic risk showed a loss of asymmetry of D(2) receptors in the putamen in comparison with healthy controls. In addition, they showed significantly poorer performance on neuropsychological tests than controls. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that dopamine dysregulation and neuropsychological dysfunction may be present in subjects at high genetic risk of schizophrenia. However, further studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Lee
- Neuroscience Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim HS, Park H, Lim JH, Choi SH, Park C, Lee SI, Conklin JL. Morphometric evaluation of oesophageal wall in patients with nutcracker oesophagus and ineffective oesophageal motility. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2008; 20:869-76. [PMID: 18452508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2008.01128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of nutcracker oesophagus (NE) and ineffective oesophageal motility (IEM) is unclear. Damage to the enteric nervous system or smooth muscle can cause oesophageal dysmotility. We tested the hypothesis that NE and IEM are associated with abnormal muscular or neural constituents of the oesophageal wall. Oesophageal manometry was performed in patients prior to total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. The oesophageal manometries were categorized as normal (n = 7), NE (n = 13), or IEM (n = 5). Histologic examination of oesophageal tissue obtained during surgery was performed after haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and trichrome staining. Oesophageal innervation was examined after immunostaining for protein gene product-9.5 (PGP-9.5), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). There were no significant differences in inner circular smooth muscle thickness or degree of fibrosis among the three groups. Severe muscle fibre loss was found in four of five patients with IEM. The density of PGP-9.5-reactive neural structures was not different among the three groups. The density of ChAT immunostaining in the myenteric plexus (MP) was significantly greater in patients with NE (P < 0.05) and the density of nNOS immunostaining in the circular muscle (CM) was significantly greater in IEM patients (P < 0.05). The ChAT/nNOS ratio in both MP and CM was significantly greater in NE patients. NE may result from an imbalance between the excitatory and inhibitory innervation of the oesophagus, because more than normal numbers of ChAT-positive myenteric neurones are seen in NE. Myopathy and/or increased number of nNOS neurones may contribute to the hypocontractile motor activity of IEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Chung JJ, Park HJ, Yu JS, Hong YJ, Kim JH, Kim MJ, Lee SI. A comparison of esophagography and esophageal transit scintigraphy in the evaluation of usefulness of endoscopic pneumatic dilatation in achalasia. Acta Radiol 2008; 49:498-505. [PMID: 18568533 DOI: 10.1080/02841850802010741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal transit scintigraphy and barium esophagography have been used for evaluation of therapeutic results in patients with achalasia. It remains to be determined which method is most useful, and whether both studies are necessary before and after treatment for achalasia. PURPOSE To evaluate the usefulness of both esophagography and esophageal transit scintigraphy (ETS) to determine the efficacy of endoscopic pneumatic dilatation (EPD) in patients with achalasia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventeen patients (6 M, 11 F) with achalasia underwent both esophagography and ETS before and after EPD. Esophagographic findings were reviewed to determine the length and caliber of stenosis in the esophagogastric channel. Dynamic images of ETS were evaluated on time-activity curves. Changes in the clinical symptom score were evaluated. Statistical analyses of esophagography and ETS before and after EPD were performed. RESULTS After EPD, the mean symptom score improved (P<0.05). The mean residue of radioisotope in ETS also improved after EPD, with a statistically significant correlation (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between the improved symptom scores and the change in ETS after EPD (P<0.05). There was no statistical correlation between clinical symptom scores and esophageal caliber, regardless of EPD (P>0.05). With an 8-mm diameter of the esophagogastric channel as a benchmark for successful treatment, there was no statistical correlation between esophagography and ETS at 15 s after EPD (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Esophagography was useful for the evaluation of morphology and caliber of the esophagogastric channel, while ETS was useful for the functional evaluation of esophageal emptying. Both studies may therefore be considered necessary to evaluate the efficacy of EPD in patients with achalasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-J. Chung
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H. J. Park
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J. S. Yu
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y. J. Hong
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J. H. Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M.-J. Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S. I. Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim YS, Oh YL, Shon YW, Yang HD, Lee SI, Cho EY, Choi CS, Seo GS, Choi SC, Na YH. A case of buried bumper syndrome in a patient with a balloon-tipped percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube. Endoscopy 2008; 38 Suppl 2:E41-2. [PMID: 17366403 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-944675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Dept. of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, Gunpo, South Korea
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Moon H, Lee YJ, Lee SI, Yoo WH. Chylothorax and chylopericardium as the initial clinical manifestation of Behcet’s disease. Rheumatol Int 2007; 28:375-7. [PMID: 17674002 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-007-0426-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2007] [Accepted: 07/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic relapsing systemic vasculitic disorder affecting the arteries, veins, and vessels of any size. Large vein thrombosis in BD is not commonly developed and most commonly observed in the veins in the lower extremities and inferior or superior vena cava. In this report, a 18-year-old male patient with large vein thrombosis involving superior vena cava was presented. He was treated due to chylothorax and chylopericardium with SVC syndrome before diagnosis of BD. SVC thrombosis complicated by chylothorax and chyolpericardium can be a rare presenting initial symptom of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Moon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Institute of Clinical Medicine, #634-18, Geum-Am Dong, Duck-Jin Gu, Jeonju, Chonbuk, 561-712, South Korea
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