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Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly.
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T, Tamori Y, Tamura R, Tamura Y, Tan CHH, Tan EZZ, Tanabe A, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tanaka A, Tanaka N, Tang S, Tang Z, Tanigaki K, Tarlac M, Tatsuzawa A, Tay JF, Tay LL, Taylor J, Taylor K, Taylor K, Te A, Tenbusch L, Teng KS, Terakawa A, Terry J, Tham ZD, Tholl S, Thomas G, Thong KM, Tietjen D, Timadjer A, Tindall H, Tipper S, Tobin K, Toda N, Tokuyama A, Tolibas M, Tomita A, Tomita T, Tomlinson J, Tonks L, Topf J, Topping S, Torp A, Torres A, Totaro F, Toth P, Toyonaga Y, Tripodi F, Trivedi K, Tropman E, Tschope D, Tse J, Tsuji K, Tsunekawa S, Tsunoda R, Tucky B, Tufail S, Tuffaha A, Turan E, Turner H, Turner J, Turner M, Tuttle KR, Tye YL, Tyler A, Tyler J, Uchi H, Uchida H, Uchida T, Uchida T, Udagawa T, Ueda S, Ueda Y, Ueki K, Ugni S, Ugwu E, Umeno R, Unekawa C, Uozumi K, Urquia K, Valleteau A, Valletta C, van Erp R, Vanhoy C, Varad V, Varma R, Varughese A, Vasquez P, Vasseur A, Veelken R, Velagapudi C, Verdel K, Vettoretti S, Vezzoli G, Vielhauer V, Viera R, Vilar E, Villaruel S, Vinall L, Vinathan J, Visnjic M, Voigt E, von-Eynatten M, Vourvou M, Wada J, Wada J, Wada T, Wada Y, Wakayama K, Wakita Y, Wallendszus K, Walters T, Wan Mohamad WH, Wang L, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Wanner C, Wanninayake S, Watada H, Watanabe K, Watanabe K, Watanabe M, Waterfall H, Watkins D, Watson S, Weaving L, Weber B, Webley Y, Webster A, Webster M, Weetman M, Wei W, Weihprecht H, Weiland L, Weinmann-Menke J, Weinreich T, Wendt R, Weng Y, Whalen M, Whalley G, Wheatley R, Wheeler A, Wheeler J, Whelton P, White K, Whitmore B, Whittaker S, Wiebel J, Wiley J, Wilkinson L, Willett M, Williams A, Williams E, Williams K, Williams T, Wilson A, Wilson P, Wincott L, Wines E, Winkelmann B, Winkler M, Winter-Goodwin B, Witczak J, Wittes J, Wittmann M, Wolf G, Wolf L, Wolfling R, Wong C, Wong E, Wong HS, Wong LW, Wong YH, Wonnacott A, Wood A, Wood L, Woodhouse H, Wooding N, Woodman A, Wren K, Wu J, Wu P, Xia S, Xiao H, Xiao X, Xie Y, Xu C, Xu Y, Xue H, Yahaya H, Yalamanchili H, Yamada A, Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.
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Niki A, Deguchi Y, Iwasaki S, Mitake T, Okuda Y, Sakaguchi A, Hirota T, Shirahama Y, Nakamichi Y, Inoue K. Gender differences in self-perceived changes among Japanese workers with depression. Occup Med (Lond) 2021; 70:680-684. [PMID: 33247305 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqaa202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of patients living with depression continues to increase in Japan. The economic effects of depression include loss of productivity due to both absenteeism and presenteeism. Gender differences have been reported in prevalence, onset pathways and subjective symptoms of depression. AIMS To understand how workers with major depressive disorder (MDD) perceive problems in the workplace and examine gender differences in their self-perceived levels of functioning at work, noticed during the initial stages of depression. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of Japanese workers with MDD. Participants' self-perceived changes in the level of functioning at work were surveyed after the diagnosis during the first visit. The relationship between gender and changes in the level of functioning at work as initially perceived by the participants themselves was analysed using the chi-square test, supplemented by a residual analysis. RESULTS We administered the survey to 147 workers with MDD. In terms of gender differences in initial self-perceived changes in the level of functioning at work, the proportion of men reporting reduced work efficiency was significantly higher than that of women, while the proportion of women reporting deterioration in relationships with colleagues and superiors was significantly higher than that of men. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that greater attention to reduced work efficiency by men and to deterioration in work relationships by women with MDD should be essential components of self-care. Managers need to pay attention to the level of functioning and provide adequate social support for employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Niki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Deguchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Iwasaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Mitake
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Okuda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Sakaguchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Hirota
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Shirahama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Nakamichi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Inoue
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Nitta T, Deguchi Y, Iwasaki S, Kanchika M, Inoue K. Depression and occupational stress in Japanese school principals and vice-principals. Occup Med (Lond) 2018; 69:39-46. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqy149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Nitta
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Deguchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Iwasaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - K Inoue
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- S Iwasaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Deguchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Inoue
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan
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Lin Y, Li S, Tamaru N, Iwasaki S, Wang R, Kobayashi Y. Therapeutic effect s of Ginkgo beloba leaf preparations on psoriasis. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Lin
- Medical Corporation Soujikai, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Li
- Medical Corporation Soujikai, Osaka, Japan
| | - N Tamaru
- Medical Corporation Soujikai, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Iwasaki
- Medical Corporation Soujikai, Osaka, Japan
| | - R Wang
- Zhejiang CONBA Pharmaceutical & Drug Research Development Corporation, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Kobayashi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
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Ishiyama D, Yamada M, Makino A, Iwasaki S, Otobe Y, Shinohara A, Nishio N, Kimura Y, Itagaki A, Koyama S, Yagi M, Matsunaga Y, Mizuno K, Matsushita K. The cut-off point of short physical performance battery score for sarcopenia in older cardiac inpatients. Eur Geriatr Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Sugiyama K, Kanda K, Iwasaki S, Nakazawa M, Hashikura H, Iguchi T, Sekimoto H, Itoh S, Sumita K, Takahashi A, Yamamoto J. Integral Experiments in a 120-cm Lithium Sphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst85-a39977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Sugiyama
- Tohoku University Department of Nuclear Engineering Aramaki-Aoba, Sendai 980, Japan (0222) 22-1800
| | - K. Kanda
- Tohoku University Department of Nuclear Engineering Aramaki-Aoba, Sendai 980, Japan (0222) 22-1800
| | - S. Iwasaki
- Tohoku University Department of Nuclear Engineering Aramaki-Aoba, Sendai 980, Japan (0222) 22-1800
| | - M. Nakazawa
- University of Tokyo Nuclear Engineering Research Laboratory Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan (0292) 82-1611
| | - H. Hashikura
- University of Tokyo Nuclear Engineering Research Laboratory Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan (0292) 82-1611
| | - T. Iguchi
- University of Tokyo Department of Nuclear Engineering Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan (03) 812-2111
| | - H. Sekimoto
- Tokyo Institute of Technology Research Laboratory of Nuclear Reactors O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152, Japan (03) 726-1111
| | - S. Itoh
- Nagoya University Department of Nuclear EngineeringFuro-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464, Japan (052) 781-5111
| | - K. Sumita
- Osaka University Department of Nuclear EngineeringYamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan (06) 877-5111
| | - A. Takahashi
- Osaka University Department of Nuclear EngineeringYamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan (06) 877-5111
| | - J. Yamamoto
- Osaka University Department of Nuclear EngineeringYamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan (06) 877-5111
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Ishiguro N, Oyamada R, Nasuhara Y, Yamada T, Miyamoto T, Imai S, Akizawa K, Fukumoto T, Iwasaki S, Iijima H, Ono K. Three-day regimen of oseltamivir for postexposure prophylaxis of influenza in wards. J Hosp Infect 2016; 94:150-3. [PMID: 27346624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Inpatients who had been in close contact with patients with influenza were given oseltamivir [75mg capsules once daily for adults or 2mg/kg (maximum of 75mg) once daily for children] for three days as postexposure prophylaxis (PEP). The index patients with influenza were prescribed a neuraminidase inhibitor and were discharged immediately or transferred to isolation rooms. The protective efficacy of oseltamivir for three days was 93% overall [95% confidence interval (CI) 53-99%; P=0.023] and 94% for influenza A (95% CI 61-99%; P=0.017), which is comparable to that of seven- to 10-day regimens of oseltamivir as PEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ishiguro
- Infection Control Team, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - R Oyamada
- Infection Control Team, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Y Nasuhara
- Division of Hospital Safety Management, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Yamada
- Infection Control Team, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Miyamoto
- Infection Control Team, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Imai
- Infection Control Team, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Akizawa
- Infection Control Team, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Fukumoto
- Infection Control Team, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - S Iwasaki
- Infection Control Team, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Iijima
- Clinical Research and Medical Innovation Centre, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Ono
- Clinical Research and Medical Innovation Centre, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
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Yoshimura A, Sugenoya Y, Uda S, Inui K, Iwasaki S, Taira T, Ideura T. Expression of apoptosis-preventing Bcl-2 protein and -inducing Fas antigen in glomeruli of IgA nephropathy. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 118:48-53. [PMID: 8744039 DOI: 10.1159/000425075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Yoshimura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
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Yoshimoto R, Iwasaki S, Takago H, Nakajima T, Sahara Y, Kitamura K. Developmental increase in hyperpolarization-activated current regulates intrinsic firing properties in rat vestibular ganglion cells. Neuroscience 2014; 284:632-642. [PMID: 25450961 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The primary vestibular neurons convey afferent information from hair cells in the inner ear to the vestibular nuclei and the cerebellum. The intrinsic firing properties of vestibular ganglion cells (VGCs) are heterogeneous to sustained membrane depolarization, and undergo marked developmental changes from phasic to tonic types during the early postnatal period. Previous studies have shown that low-voltage-activated potassium channels, Kv1 and Kv7, play a critical role in determining the firing pattern of VGCs. In the present study, we explored the developmental changes in the properties of hyperpolarization-activated current (Ih) in rat VGCs and the role played by Ih in determining the firing properties of VGCs. Tonic firing VGCs showed a larger current density of Ih as compared to phasic firing VGCs, and tonic firing VGCs became phasic firing in the presence of ZD7288, an Ih channel blocker, indicating that Ih contributes to control the firing pattern of VGCs. The amplitude of Ih increased and the activation kinetics of Ih became faster during the developmental period. Analysis of developmental changes in the expression of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation (HCN) channels revealed that expression of HCN1 protein and its mRNA increased during the developmental period, whereas expression of HCN2-4 protein and its mRNA did not change. Our results suggest that HCN1 channels as well as Kv1 channels are critical in determining the firing pattern of rat VGCs and that developmental up-regulation of HCN1 transforms VGCs from phasic to tonic firing phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Yoshimoto
- Department of Otolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Iwasaki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - H Takago
- Department of Rehabilitation for Sensory Functions, Research Institute, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Saitama, Japan
| | - T Nakajima
- Department of Circular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Sahara
- Department of Physiology, Iwate Medical University, School of Dentistry, Iwate, Japan
| | - K Kitamura
- Department of Otolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Van de Heyning P, Adunka O, Arauz SL, Atlas M, Baumgartner WD, Brill S, Bruce I, Buchman C, Caversaccio M, Dillon M, Eikelboom R, Eskilsson G, Gavilan J, Godey B, Green K, Gstoettner W, Hagen R, Han D, Iwasaki S, Kameswaran M, Karltorp E, Kleine Punte A, Kompis M, Kuthubutheen J, Kuzovkov V, Lassaletta L, Li Y, Lorens A, Manikoth M, Martin J, Mlynski R, Mueller J, O'Driscoll M, Parnes L, Pillsbury H, Prentiss S, Pulibalathingal S, Raine CH, Rajan G, Rajeswaran R, Riechelmann H, Rivas A, Rivas JA, Senn P, Skarzynski PH, Sprinzl G, Staecker H, Stephan K, Sugarova S, Usami SI, Wolf-Magele A, Yanov Y, Zernotti ME, Zimmerman K, Zorowka P, Skarzynski H. Standards of practice in the field of hearing implants. Cochlear Implants Int 2013; 14 Suppl 2:S1-5. [DOI: 10.1179/1467010013z.00000000093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Iwasaki S, Nakahara T. Cell number and incidence of chromosomal anomalies in bovine blastocysts fertilized in vitro followed by culture in vitro or in vivo in rabbit oviducts. Theriogenology 2012; 33:669-75. [PMID: 16726763 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(90)90544-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/1989] [Accepted: 01/05/1990] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The total number of cells and the incidence of chromosomal anomalies in bovine blastocysts cultured in vitro or in vivo in rabbit oviducts were investigated from the four-cell stage after in-vitro fertilization of in-vitro matured follicular oocytes. The total number of cells (80 vs 179) in the oviduct-cultured blastocysts was nearly double that (43 vs 80) of blastocysts cultured in vitro at early and expanded blastocyst stages. In both culture systems, the total number of cells increased with the stage of development. Mitotic index (number of metaphase plates/total number of cells) of blastocysts decreased with development from early (11.5 vs 13.8%) to hatched blastocyst stages (4.8 vs 2.8%) in in-vitro and in-vivo culture systems, respectively. Overall, chromosomal anomalies were observed in 37.5% (27 27 ) of embryos cultured in vitro and in 28.0% (7 24 ) cultured in vivo, respectively. Incidence of chromosomal anomalies did not depend on such factors as culture system or stage of development. Most chromosomal anomalies were polyploid and mixoploid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Iwasaki
- NODAI Research Institute, Tokyo University of Agriculture Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156, Japan
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Sato M, Miyazawa S, Suzuki D, Iwasaki S, Sora I. Involvement of the frontal lobe and executive function in deception: A NIRS study. Int J Psychophysiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shibata T, Hayashi M, Naganuma A, Hara N, Hara K, Hasebe F, Shimizu K, Komala N, Inai Y, Vömel H, Hamdi S, Iwasaki S, Fujiwara M, Shiotani M, Ogino SY, Nishi N. Cirrus cloud appearance in a volcanic aerosol layer around the tropical cold point tropopause over Biak, Indonesia, in January 2011. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd017029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Takayama K, Taoka T, Nakagawa H, Myouchin K, Wada T, Sakamoto M, Furuichi K, Iwasaki S, Kurokawa S, Kichikawa K. Effect of cilostazol in preventing restenosis after carotid artery stenting using the carotid wallstent: a multicenter retrospective study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 33:2167-70. [PMID: 22595898 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Restenosis after CAS is a postoperative problem, with a reported frequency of approximately 2%-8%. However differences in stent design, procedure, and the antiplatelet agent appear to affect the incidence of restenosis. We assessed the frequency of restenosis and the effect of the antiplatelet agent CLZ in preventing restenosis after CAS by the standard procedure using the CWS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between May 2010 and October 2011, 62 lesions in 60 consecutive patients underwent CAS using the CWS at 4 medical institutions, and all patients were followed clinically and assessed by sonography, 3D-CTA, or angiography at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Restenosis was defined as ≥50% stenosis. The incidence of restenosis and the variation in the incidence of restenosis by the difference in type of antiplatelet agent between the CLZ group (n = 30; aspirin, 100 mg, and CLZ, 200 mg) and the non-CLZ group (n = 32; aspirin, 100 mg, and clopidogrel, 75 mg [n = 29]; or ticlopidine, 100 mg [n = 2] or 200 mg [n = 1]) were retrospectively investigated. Two antiplatelet agents were given starting 1 week preoperatively until at least 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS Restenosis occurred in 5 patients (8.3%), but all were cases of asymptomatic lesions in the follow-up period. All 5 patients with restenosis were in the non-CLZ group, with no cases of restenosis in the CLZ group; the difference was significant (P = .0239). CONCLUSIONS The restenosis rate after CAS by using the CWS was 8.3%. CLZ was associated with significant inhibition of restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takayama
- Departments of Radiology and Interventional Neuroradiology, Ishinkai Yao General Hospital, Yao, Japan.
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Matsuyama S, Tokai Y, Ishii K, Yamazaki H, Gotoh K, Satoh T, Sugimoto A, Yamamoto K, Oikawa M, Iwasaki S, Orihara H, Jon GC, Nakamura E, Futatsugawa S, Sera K. AN ATTEMPT TO DETERMINE POSITIONS OF AEROSOL SOURCE BY THE PIXE ANALYSIS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1142/s0129083599000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aerosols were continuously collected for 2 or 3 hours during the periods of 4-27 August 1997 and of 23 March-2 April 1998 at a suburb of Sendai City (east 10 km from Sendai), and meteorological data such as wind directions, wind velocities, etc were measured at the same time. The collected aerosol samples were analyzed by the particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method. Fourteen elements (S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Hg and Pb) were contained in these samples. The elemental concentrations increased in the daytime and decreased at night. It coincided with the time variation of people movement. The concentrations of Mn, Fe, Zn and Pb elements depended strongly on the direction of wind and their distributions for wind directions reflected to the position of aerosol sources. This result suggests that the position of aerosol source can be determined by measuring aerosols and wind directions at the many positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Matsuyama
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Y. Tokai
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - K. Ishii
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - H. Yamazaki
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - K. Gotoh
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - T. Satoh
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - A. Sugimoto
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - K. Yamamoto
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - M. Oikawa
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - S. Iwasaki
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - H. Orihara
- Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - G. C. Jon
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| | - E. Nakamura
- Miyagi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment, Sendai 983-0836, Japan
| | - S. Futatsugawa
- Nishina Memorial Cyclotron Center, Japan Radioisotope Association, Takizawa, Iwate 020-0173, Japan
| | - K. Sera
- Department of Cyclotron Research Center, Iwate Medical University, Takizawa, Iwate 020-0173, Japan
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Yamazaki H, Tsutsumi K, Ishii K, Matsuyama S, Murozono K, Inoue J, Iwasaki S, Orihara H. Preparation of Thin Polycarbonate Film and Its Application to PIXE Analysis of Anionic Elements in Water Samples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1142/s0129083597000126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A polycarbonate film of thin and uniform thickness was prepared. A casting solution for film-formation was made up by diluting a solution of poly (bisphenol A carbonate) in chloroform by a factor of two to three with benzene. A uniform film was created by dropping 0.2-0.3 cm3 of the casting solution slowly on a water surface within an aperture (20 mm diameter) of Mylar target frame floating on 50 wt% sucrose aqueous solution. Films of 0.14-0.27 mg/cm2 thickness thus prepared offer a good combination of mechanical strength and low continuum backgrounds. To test PIXE analysis of anionic species in water, targets containing SO 42-, Cr 2 O 72-, AsO 43-, and Ga 3+-internal standard were prepared by depositing 100 μl of the test solutions onto the polycarbonate film, and irradiated in vacuum by 3 MeV proton beams. The difference between the nominal and the analyzed concentrations seldom exceeded ± 15 % in the range from 10 to 2000 ppb.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Yamazaki
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-77, Japan
| | - K. Tsutsumi
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-77, Japan
| | - K. Ishii
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-77, Japan
| | - S. Matsuyama
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-77, Japan
| | - K. Murozono
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-77, Japan
| | - J. Inoue
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-77, Japan
| | - S. Iwasaki
- Department of Quantum Science and Energy Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-77, Japan
| | - H. Orihara
- Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-77, Japan
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Okada H, Hontsu S, Asakawa I, Miura S, Tamamoto T, Katayama E, Inoue K, Iwasaki S, Kichikawa K, Hasegawa M. Changes Of Tumor Size And Tumor Contrast Enhancement During Radiotherapy For Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Are These Changes Correlated With The Treatment Outcome? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Okada H, Hontsu S, Asakawa I, Miura S, Tamamoto T, Katayama E, Iwasaki S, Kichikawa K, Hasegawa M. Assessment of Early Response during and after Radiotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Tumor Diameter and Contrast Enhancement. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Arima K, Yu J, Iwasaki S, Tamura G. Milk-clotting Enzyme from Microorganisms: V. Purification and Crystallization of Mucor Rennin from Mucor pusillus var. Lindt. Appl Microbiol 2010; 16:1727-33. [PMID: 16349823 PMCID: PMC547748 DOI: 10.1128/am.16.11.1727-1733.1968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A rennin crystal was obtained from the crude milk-clotting enzyme of Mucor pusillus var. Lindt. The crude enzyme was purified by using columns of Amberlite CG-50, diethylaminoethyl Sephadex A-50, and Sephadex G-100. This purified enzyme was dissolved in 0.1 M sodium acetate (pH 5.0) buffer to a final concentration of 2 to 3%; ammonium sulfate (to 40% saturation) was added, and the resulting solution was placed in cellophane tubes. The enzyme solution was dialyzed against 0.1 M sodium acetate buffer (pH 5) containing ammonium sulfate was added dropwise to the outside solution of the cellophane tube, and the concentration of ammonium sulfate in the cellophane tube increased gradually. The crystals of enzyme were formed in the cellophane tube when the concentration reached approximately 50% saturation. After the enzyme solution was concentrated in the freezer, the crystals were obtained. The activity of the crystalline enzyme was inhibited by Hg, Ag, Zn, and KMnO(4).
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Affiliation(s)
- K Arima
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Iwasaki S, Shibata T, Nakamoto J, Okamoto H, Ishimoto H, Kubota H. Characteristics of deep convection measured by using the A-train constellation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Iwasaki S, Mizuno J, Kobayashi K, Yoshikane Y, Hayashi T. Changes in morphology and cell number of inner cell mass of porcine blastocysts during freezing. Theriogenology 2009; 42:841-8. [PMID: 16727589 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(94)90452-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/1994] [Accepted: 08/15/1994] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the morphology and cell number of the inner cell mass (ICM) of porcine blastocysts at the expanded and hatched stages during freezing (-6.8 degrees C, -35 degrees C and -196 degrees C) were studied by differential fluorochrome staining. The shape of each ICM cell from fresh blastocysts at the expanded and hatched stages was sharply delineated but that of ICM cells from frozen blastocysts was partially distorted. The cell-to-cell contact of the ICM from fresh blastocysts was tight, while that from frozen blastocysts was loose or scattered. The percentages (18 to 38%) of expanded and hatched blastocysts with tight-contact ICM cells from frozen groups at each step were significantly lower (P<0.05) than that (100%) from fresh blastocysts. The number of live ICM cells and their proportion from frozen expanded blastocysts (10.9, 12,4% at -36 degrees C) were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those from fresh embryos (18.4, 19.1%) and at -196 degrees C (20.6, 18.4%). At the hatched stage, the number of live ICM cells and their proportion were not significantly different between each freezing step. These results show that the ICM of porcine embryos at both the expanded- and hatched-blastocysts stages survived even after freezing at -196 degrees C and that the degree of ICM damage was lower at the hatched stage than at the expanded stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Iwasaki
- NODAI Research Institute, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
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Katayama E, Okada H, Asakawa I, Tamamoto T, Kajitani C, Furuichi K, Okura A, Ide K, Iwasaki S, Hasegawa M. Validity of More Than 30 Gy Radiation Therapy for Long-surviving Patients with Painful Bone Metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hidaka M, Iwasaki S, Matsui T, Kawakita T, Inoue Y, Sakai T, Harada N, Takemoto S, Nagakura S, Kiyokawa T, Takahashi M, Saibara T, Onishi S, Kawano F. Efficacy of bezafibrate for chronic GVHD of the liver after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009; 45:912-8. [PMID: 19802024 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2009.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chronic GVHD (cGVHD) of the liver is an important cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). It is characterized by the destruction of bile duct epithelium followed by progressive cholestasis, which resembles primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) clinically and histologically. Bezafibrate (BF) is a widely used agent for hyperlipidemia that is also effective in ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA)-resistant PBC patients. The putative mechanism in cholestasis is that BF upregulates the expression of phosphatidylcholine flippase on bile canaliculi, facilitates phospholipid output into bile and relieves bile duct damage caused by hydrophobic bile salts. Therefore, the effects of BF in patients with cGVHD of the liver were investigated. Of 87 patients with cGVHD who survived more than 100 days after SCT, 8 were given BF to treat liver cGVHD because of a poor therapeutic response to UDCA and immunosuppressants. The serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) levels decreased significantly within 1 month after initiation of BF therapy compared with those before BF therapy in all patients (ALP, 964.9.0+/-306.9 to 597.8+/-102.5 IU/l, P=0.012; gamma-GTP, 528.8+/-299.0 to 269.0+/-119.9 IU/l, P=0.012). BF was effective in patients with liver cGVHD, including UDCA-resistant patients. BF could be a novel therapeutic option for liver cGVHD that helps to preserve normal immunity with the antileukemic effect of cGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hidaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization, Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Nakanishi H, Ohtsubo M, Iwasaki S, Hotta Y, Mizuta K, Mineta H, Minoshima S. Identification of 11 novel mutations in USH2A among Japanese patients with Usher syndrome type 2. Clin Genet 2009; 76:383-91. [PMID: 19737284 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2009.01257.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by retinitis pigmentosa and hearing loss. USH type 2 (USH2) is the most common type of USH and is frequently caused by mutations in USH2A, which accounts for 74-90% of USH2 cases. This is the first study reporting the results of scanning for USH2A mutations in Japanese patients with USH2. In 8 of 10 unrelated patients, we identified 14 different mutations. Of these mutations, 11 were novel. Although the mutation spectrum that we identified differed from that for Caucasians, the incidence of mutations in USH2A was 80% for all patients tested, which is consistent with previous findings. Further, c.8559-2A>G was identified in four patients and accounted for 26.7% of mutated alleles; it is thus a frequent mutation in Japanese patients. Hence, mutation screening for c.8559-2A>G in USH2A may prove very effective for the early diagnosis of USH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nakanishi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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27
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Curthoys IS, Burgess AM, MacDougall HG, McGarvie LA, Halmagyi GM, Smulders YE, Iwasaki S. Testing Human Otolith Function Using Bone-Conducted Vibration. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1164:344-6. [PMID: 19645924 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03728.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I S Curthoys
- School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Nishimaki S, Iwasaki S, Miyamae T, Mori M, Yokota S. Cerebral blood flow in a case of fetal brain death syndrome. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2008; 32:956-958. [PMID: 19035536 DOI: 10.1002/uog.6232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
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Iwasaki S, Smulders Y, Burgess A, McGarvie L, MacDougall H, Halmagyi G, Curthoys I. Ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials in Response to Bone-Conducted Vibration of the Midline Forehead at Fz. Audiol Neurootol 2008; 13:396-404. [DOI: 10.1159/000148203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Accepted: 04/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Iwasaki S, Smulders YE, Burgess AM, McGarvie LA, Macdougall HG, Halmagyi GM, Curthoys IS. Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials to bone conducted vibration of the midline forehead at Fz in healthy subjects. Clin Neurophysiol 2008; 119:2135-47. [PMID: 18639490 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2007] [Revised: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 05/31/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide the empirical basis for using ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPS) in response to Fz bone conducted vibration (BCV) stimulation to indicate vestibular function in human subjects. To show the generality of the response by testing a large number of unselected healthy subjects across a wide age range and the repeatability of the response within subjects. To provide evidence that the response depends on otolithic function. METHODS The early negative component (n10) of the oVEMP to brief BCV of the forehead, in the midline at the hairline (Fz) is recorded by surface EMG electrodes just beneath the eyes. We used a Bruel and Kjaer 4810 Mini-Shaker or a light tap with a tendon hammer to provide adequate BCV stimuli to test a large number (67) of unselected healthy people to quantify the individual differences in n10 magnitude, latency and symmetry to Fz BCV. A Radioear B-71 bone oscillator at Fz is not adequate to elicit a reliable n10 response. RESULTS The n10 oVEMP response showed substantial differences in amplitude between subjects, but is repeatable within subjects. n10 is of equal magnitude in both eyes with an average asymmetry around 11%. The average n10 amplitude for Mini Tone Burst BCV is 8.47microV+/-4.02 (sd), the average latency is 10.35ms+/-0.63 (sd). The amplitude of n10 decreases and its latency increases with age. CONCLUSIONS oVEMPs are a new reliable, repeatable test to indicate vestibular and probably otolithic function. SIGNIFICANCE This study shows the optimum conditions for recording oVEMPs and provides baseline values for individual differences and asymmetry. oVEMPs can be measured in senior subjects without difficulty.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Iwasaki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Takamiya K, Imanaka T, Ota Y, Akamine M, Shibata S, Shibata T, Ito Y, Imamura M, Uwamino Y, Nogawa N, Baba M, Iwasaki S, Matsuyama S. Nickel-63 production in copper samples exposed to the Hiroshima atomic bomb: estimation based on an excitation function obtained by neutron irradiation experiments. Radiat Environ Biophys 2008; 47:343-348. [PMID: 18496703 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-008-0173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2007] [Accepted: 05/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The upper and lower limits of the excitation function of the (63)Cu(n,p)(63)Ni reaction were experimentally determined, and the number of (63)Ni nuclei produced in copper samples exposed to atomic bomb neutrons in Hiroshima was estimated by using the experimental excitation functions and the neutron fluences given in the DS02 dosimetry system. The estimated number of (63)Ni nuclei was compared with that measured and with that calculated using the DS02 dosimetry system and the corresponding ENDF/B-VI cross section. In comparison with DS02, there is about a 60% maximum difference in (63)Ni production at the hypocenter when the experimental upper cross section values are used. The difference becomes smaller at greater distances from the hypocenter and decreases, for example, to less than 30 and 5% when using the upper and lower experimental cross sections at 1,000 m, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takamiya
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka, 590-0494, Japan.
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Takamiya K, Ota Y, Akamine M, Shibata S, Shibata T, Ito Y, Imamura M, Uwamino Y, Nogawa N, Baba M, Iwasaki S, Matsuyama S. Excitation function for 63Cu(n,p)63Ni reaction in neutron energy range up to 15 MeV. Appl Radiat Isot 2008; 66:1321-4. [PMID: 18467114 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2007] [Revised: 02/15/2008] [Accepted: 03/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The excitation function for the (63)Cu(n,p)(63)Ni reaction has been measured by activation method using the 4.5 MV Dynamitron accelerator of the Fast Neutron Laboratory of Tohoku University. Copper plates and hollow spherical copper shells were irradiated by neutrons of various energy up to 14.9 MeV produced by the T(p,n), D(d,n), and T(d,n) reactions. The (63)Ni produced in the irradiated copper target was chemically separated. The beta-rays emitted from the extracted (63)Ni were measured by a liquid scintillation method. The cross sections obtained were compared with the evaluated data files of JENDL-3.3, ENDF/B-VI and FENDL/A-2.0. Consequently, it is found that FENDL/A-2.0 is consistent with our experimental data in the energy range studied in this work. The effect of proton shell appeared in the excitation function obtained is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takamiya
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori-cho, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0494, Japan.
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Taoka T, Sakamoto M, Nakagawa H, Nakase H, Iwasaki S, Takayama K, Taoka K, Hoshida T, Sakaki T, Kichikawa K. Diffusion tensor tractography of the Meyer loop in cases of temporal lobe resection for temporal lobe epilepsy: correlation between postsurgical visual field defect and anterior limit of Meyer loop on tractography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29:1329-34. [PMID: 18451088 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Visual field defects sometimes occur after temporal resection surgery. Our purpose was to evaluate the correlation between visual field defects caused by temporal lobe resection and the degree of resection of the Meyer loop, as assessed by diffusion tensor tractography. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined 14 patients who underwent temporal resection for temporal lobe epilepsy. We obtained presurgical tractographies and then measured the distance between the temporal tip and the anterior limit of the Meyer loop (T-M distance). The degree of resection of the Meyer loop was defined as the distance from the anterior limit of the Meyer loop to the posterior limit of the temporal lobe resection (M-R distance). This was calculated by subtracting the T-M distance from the measured distance between the temporal tip and the posterior limit of the resection (T-R distance). RESULTS The mean T-M distance was 36.6 mm. The interindividual variation of the distance ranged from 30.0 to 43.2 mm. Although there was no statistically significant correlation between the extent of the visual field defect and the T-R distance, there was a statistically significant correlation between the degree of the visual field defect and the M-R distance. CONCLUSION The range of interindividual variation for the position of the Meyer loop was rather large, indicating that this variation is the key factor in visual field defects after temporal lobectomy, and the visual field defect appears to be predicted by presurgical tractography. Evaluation of the Meyer loop through the use of tractography seems to be a feasible method, which can be used to predict the visual field defect after temporal lobe resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Taoka
- Department of Radiology, Nara Medical University, Nara Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yokota
- Department of Neurosurgery, Higashiosaka City General Hospital, Higashiosaka, Osaka
| | - K Yokoyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Higashiosaka City General Hospital, Higashiosaka, Osaka
| | - H Noguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Higashiosaka City General Hospital, Higashiosaka, Osaka
| | - Y Uchiyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Higashiosaka City General Hospital, Higashiosaka, Osaka
| | - S Iwasaki
- Departments of Radiology, Higashiosaka City General Hospital, Higashiosaka, Osaka
| | - T Sakaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Yamakage M, Iwasaki S, Satoh JI, Namiki A. Inhibitory effects of the alpha-2 adrenergic agonists clonidine and dexmedetomidine on enhanced airway tone in ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2008; 25:67-71. [PMID: 17888193 DOI: 10.1017/s0265021507002591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The alpha-2 adrenergic agonists clonidine and dexmedetomidine are used as an antihypertensive and a sedative, respectively. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of these agonists on ovalbumin-sensitized airway tone in guinea pigs. METHODS The animals were divided into two groups: control and sensitized. The sensitized group received ovalbumin intraperitoneally and was boosted by exposure to aerosolized ovalbumin. The effects of the alpha-2 agonists were investigated by measuring (1) total lung resistance and (2) smooth muscle tension using a tracheal ring preparation. RESULTS In the control group, acetylcholine significantly increased total lung resistance in a dose-dependent manner. In the sensitized animals, total lung resistance was significantly higher (by 95%) at 6 mug kg-1 acetylcholine than that in the control group. Both clonidine and dexmedetomidine had a slight but significant inhibitory effect on the response curve of lung resistance at higher concentrations of carbachol, a potent muscarinic receptor agonist. Similar to the data obtained in the control group, both clonidine and dexmedetomidine significantly decreased total lung resistance and the inhibitory effects of these alpha-2 agonists on lung resistance were significantly distinguishable. Similar direct inhibitory effects of the alpha-2 agonists on carbachol-induced muscle contraction were observed in both the control and sensitized groups, the inhibitory effects in the sensitized group being significantly greater. CONCLUSION Both clonidine and dexmedetomidine can relax the airway even in the hyper-reactive state.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamakage
- Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
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Vömel H, Barnes JE, Forno RN, Fujiwara M, Hasebe F, Iwasaki S, Kivi R, Komala N, Kyrö E, Leblanc T, Morel B, Ogino SY, Read WG, Ryan SC, Saraspriya S, Selkirk H, Shiotani M, Valverde Canossa J, Whiteman DN. Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder water vapor by balloon-borne Cryogenic Frost point Hygrometer measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sakai H, Igawa T, Kanetake H, Hayashi M, Iwasaki S, Kusaba Y, Hakariya H, Hara T. POS-03.61: Impact of hot flashes on quality of life during treatment with maximum androgen blockade for prostate cancer. Urology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.06.952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Taoka T, Ida Y, Nakagawa H, Iwasaki S, Sakamoto M, Fukusumi A, Takayama K, Wada T, Myochin K, Wuttikul C, Kichikawa K. Parasagittal Arachnoid Markings on the Inner Skull on Three-Dimensional CT: Relation between Hydrocephalus and Arachnoid Granules. Neuroradiol J 2007; 20:259-64. [DOI: 10.1177/197140090702000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2007] [Accepted: 04/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the number and size of arachnoid markings on the inner plate of the skull on 3D-CT. The subjects included 16 hydrocephalus and 26 non-hydrocephalus cases. We evaluated the correlation between age and both the number and sizes of the arachnoid markings, and compared them between hydrocephalus and non-hydrocephalus cases. We also evaluated cases exhibiting a “smooth cranium” that had no arachnoid markings at all on the inner plate. There was a positive correlation between age and the number of the arachnoid markings. There were no statistically significant differences in arachnoid markings between hydrocephalus and non-hydrocephalus cases, while, there were statistically significant differences in the frequency of “smooth cranium” findings in the population under ten years old. The “smooth cranium” can only be seen in hydrocephalus cases. These findings may be a clue to the morphological or functional changes of the arachnoid villi in hydrocephalus cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Taoka
- Nara Medical University; Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Y. Ida
- Nara Medical University; Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - H. Nakagawa
- Nara Medical University; Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - S. Iwasaki
- Nara Medical University; Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - M. Sakamoto
- Nara Medical University; Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - A. Fukusumi
- Nara Medical University; Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - K. Takayama
- Nara Medical University; Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - T. Wada
- Nara Medical University; Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - K. Myochin
- Nara Medical University; Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - C. Wuttikul
- Nara Medical University; Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Abstract
Taps to the forehead on the midline, at the hairline (Fz), with a reflex hammer or powerful bone conduction vibrator caused short-latency surface potentials from beneath both eyes in all healthy subjects. The earliest negative responses were invariably absent from the eye contralateral to the side of a previous vestibular nerve section but were preserved despite sensorineural hearing loss. These responses probably reflect vestibular function via crossed otolith-ocular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Iwasaki
- Vestibular Research Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Ishiguro H, Iwasaki S, Teasenfitz L, Higuchi S, Horiuchi Y, Saito T, Arinami T, Onaivi ES. Involvement of cannabinoid CB2 receptor in alcohol preference in mice and alcoholism in humans. Pharmacogenomics J 2006; 7:380-5. [PMID: 17189959 DOI: 10.1038/sj.tpj.6500431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We tested if cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2) in the central nervous system plays a role in alcohol abuse/dependence in animal model and then examined an association between the CB2 gene polymorphism and alcoholism in human. Mice experiencing more alcohol preference by drinking showed reduced Cb2 gene expression, whereas mice with little preference showed no changes of it in ventral midbrain. Alcohol preference in conjunction with chronic mild stress were enhanced in mice treated with CB2 agonist JWH015 when subjected to chronic stress, whereas antagonist AM630 prevented development of alcohol preference. There is an association between the Q63R polymorphism of the CB2 gene and alcoholism in a Japanese population (P=0.007; odds ratio 1.25, 95% CI, (1.06-1.47)). CB2 under such environment is associated with the physiologic effects of alcohol and CB2 antagonists may have potential as therapies for alcoholism.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Alcohol Drinking/genetics
- Alcohol Drinking/metabolism
- Alcoholism/genetics
- Alcoholism/metabolism
- Animals
- Asian People/genetics
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Central Nervous System Depressants/administration & dosage
- Ethanol/administration & dosage
- Female
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Japan
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Middle Aged
- Models, Animal
- Odds Ratio
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/drug effects
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
- Reinforcement, Psychology
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Factors
- Stress, Psychological/genetics
- Stress, Psychological/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ishiguro
- Department of Medical Genetics, Doctoral Program in Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Iwasaki S, Umetani S, Sasayama K, Matsui M. Solvent Extraction of Alkaline Earths with 1-Phenyl -3-Methyl 4 Stearoylpyrazol - 5 - One and Topo. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032718208064430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Murofushi T, Iwasaki S, Ozeki H, Nakahar H, Ushio M, Chihara Y. P07.23 Tone burst-galvanic ratio of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials: An indicator of labyrinthine damages? Clin Neurophysiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.06.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Taoka T, Iwasaki S, Sakamoto M, Nakagawa H, Fukusumi A, Myochin K, Hirohashi S, Hoshida T, Kichikawa K. Diffusion anisotropy and diffusivity of white matter tracts within the temporal stem in Alzheimer disease: evaluation of the "tract of interest" by diffusion tensor tractography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006; 27:1040-5. [PMID: 16687540 PMCID: PMC7975725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our aim was to determine whether diffusion anisotropy and diffusivity of white matter tracts of the temporal stem in patients with Alzheimer (AD) can be evaluated independently by using diffusion tensor tractography. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subjects included 15 patients with AD (11 women and 4 men; mean age, 74 years) and 15 age-matched control subjects (11 women and 4 men; mean age, 72 years). Diffusion tensor images were acquired by using echo-planar imaging. We drew tractographies of the uncinate fasciculus, inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus, and Meyer's loop, with diffusion tensor analysis software. We measured diffusion anisotropy, diffusivity, and the number of voxels along the "tracts of interest" and used the Student t test to compare results between patients with AD and controls. RESULTS Values of diffusion anisotropy of the bilateral uncinate fasciculus and left inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus were significantly lower for patients with AD than for controls. Also, values of diffusivity in the bilateral uncinate fasciculus were significantly greater for patients with AD than for controls. There was no significant difference in diffusion anisotropy or diffusivity along Meyer's loop between the 2 groups. There was no significant difference in the number of voxels included in all constructed tracts between patients with AD and controls. CONCLUSION White matter tracts of the temporal stem can be evaluated independently by using diffusion tensor tractography, which appears to be a promising technique for determining changes in white matter in degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Taoka
- Department of Radiology, Nara Medical University, Japan
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Yamakage M, Iwasaki S, Jeong SW, Ishiyama SI, Namiki A. Comparative study between propofol in a long-chain triglyceride and propofol in a medium/long-chain triglyceride during sedation with target-controlled infusion. Anaesth Intensive Care 2005; 33:351-5. [PMID: 15973918 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0503300301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to compare the pharmacological characteristics of propofol in an emulsion of both medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MCT/LCT) with those of propofol in an LCT emulsion, by measuring the sedative level and the plasma concentration of propofol during sedation using a target-controlled infusion (TCI) technique. Forty ASA 1 or 2 adult patients who required spinal anaesthesia for surgery were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: a propofol LCT group (n = 20) and a propofol MCT/LCT group (n = 20). Propofol was injected intravenously at target blood concentrations of 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 microg x ml(-1). The bispectral (BIS) index was recorded, and arterial blood was drawn to measure the actual plasma concentrations of propofol at each predicted concentration. Propofol was assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Propofol MCT/LCT was associated with significantly less pain than propofol LCT (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in BIS index or in plasma concentration of propofol at each predicted concentration. Computer-generated TCI of propofol MCT/LCT during sedation is comparable with that of propofol LCT with respect to pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The formulation of MCT/LCT has a beneficial effect with respect to less pain on injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamakage
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1, West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan
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Yamakage M, Yoshida SI, Iwasaki S, Mizu-Uchi M, Namiki A. The Type of Carbon Dioxide Absorbent has no Relation to the Concentration of Carbon Monoxide in the Breathing Circuit during Low-flow Isoflurane Anaesthesia in Smoking and Non-smoking Subjects. Anaesth Intensive Care 2004; 32:230-5. [PMID: 15957721 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0403200211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) in the anaesthetic circuit and of arterial carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) during low-flow isoflurane anaesthesia in smoking and non-smoking subjects using three kinds of cardon dioxide (CO2) absorbent. Thirty smoking and 30 non-smoking subjects were selected for this study, and these two groups were each divided into three groups according to the type of CO2absorbent used (Wakolime™A, Drägersorb™Free, and Amsorb™). Anaesthesia was maintained with 1.0% isoflurane and nitrous oxide (1.0l min–1)/oxygen (1.0l min–1). Concentrations of CO in the inspired breathing circuit and concentrations of arterial COHb were measured at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after exposure to isoflurane. In the smoking groups there were no significant differences in CO concentrations in the circuit between the groups and the CO concentrations did not change significantly during the study period. There were also no significant differences in the arterial COHb values between the groups and the COHb concentrations remained constant. There was a significant linear correlation between the concentrations of CO and COHb (r=0.86, n=30, P<0.001). In the nonsmoking groups all of the parameters remained constant at low levels that were independent of the type of CO2absorbents tested. The major source for increased intraoperative CO exposure is related to the patient's smoking status, and the type of CO2absorbent used has no relation to an increase in CO concentration in the breathing circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamakage
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Abstract
Ovarian Brenner tumor is an uncommon epithelial tumor that accounts for 1.5% to 2.5% of all ovarian neoplasms. These tumors are usually benign. Whereas the magnetic resonance imaging features of benign Brenner tumors have been described, reports of malignant findings are limited. We report a case of borderline malignant Brenner tumor that imaged as a cystic lesion with papillary projections and solid elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Takahama
- Department of Radiology, Higashiosaka City General Hospital, 3-4-5 Nishiiwata, Higashiosaka City, Osaka, 578-8588, Japan.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of frequency on the accuracy of volume and pressure displays of high frequency oscillators. METHODS The effect of frequency on the displayed volume of the Stephanie, Dräger Babylog 8000 Plus, and SLE 5000 oscillators was assessed. A sine wave pump delivered a constant tidal volume at frequencies of 5-15 Hz to the patient manifold of the oscillators. The displayed volumes at each frequency were compared with the delivered volume. The effect of frequency on displayed pressure was assessed by connecting the oscillator's patient manifold to a lung model; three types of oscillator were studied (SensorMedics 3100A, SLE 5000, and Stephanie). Airway pressure was measured from the manifold using a pressure transducer and non-compliant tubing; the pressure measuring system had a flat frequency response to 30 Hz. RESULTS The SLE 5000 volume display overread the delivered volume (by about 5%), but was not affected by frequency. At 5 Hz, the Dräger Babylog 8000 Plus and the Stephanie underread the delivered volume (by about 20%). Increasing frequency resulted in a greater discrepancy between the delivered and displayed volume with the Stephanie, but a smaller discrepancy with the Dräger Babylog 8000 Plus. Altering frequency had a small effect (maximum difference 6%) on the relation between the displayed and delivered pressure for all three oscillators. CONCLUSION Frequency affects the accuracy of displayed volumes and, to a lesser extent, displayed pressures of high frequency oscillators. The results emphasise that data displayed by new devices should not be uncritically accepted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Leipälä
- Children Nationwide Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, King's College Hospital, London, UK
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48
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Iwasaki S. A model of two-stage newborn hearing screening with automated auditory brainstem response. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0194-5998(03)00766-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sakurai S, Hayashi T, Iwasaki S, Kohno T, Kohno M. Expression of wnt signaling molecules in the synovial membranes of rabbit ankle joints injected with Enterococcus faecalis cell fractions. Mod Rheumatol 2003; 13:35-43. [PMID: 24387114 DOI: 10.3109/s101650300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The cell adhesion molecule β-catenin mediates the transduction of wnt signals to various downstream events such as gene expression, cell proliferation, and cell adhesion. In this study, the results of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification showed that wnt1 and β-catenin expression increased in response to E. faecalis, and that the increases in wnt1 and β-catenin activated transcription of cyclin D1. Immunohistochemistry also showed that stimulating wnt1 with E. faecalis cell fractions leads to the stabilization and accumulation of β-catenin in the synovial membrane. On the other hand, the results of RT-PCR showed overexpression of various inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1-β, TGF-β, TNF-α, and IL-6, in the synovial membrane of joints injected with E. faecalis cell fractions. These findings suggest that expression of cyclin D1 is strongly dependent on β-catenin/Tcf and has a direct effect on the proliferation of synoviocytes, such as IL-1-β and TGF-β, that leads to inhibition of Fas-antigen-mediated apoptosis of synovial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Kohno Clinical Medicine Research Institute , 3-4-4 Kitashinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-0001 , Japan
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Tanaka T, Iwasaki S, Asaba H, Hamura H, Mitsuhiro W, Tachibana K, Watanabe Y, Uchiyama Y, Sumi K, Magoori K, Ioka R, Doi T, Naito M, Auwerx J, Hamakubo T, Sakai J, Kodama T. 3P-0708 PPARδ agonist ameliorates obesity and insulin resistance through coordinate regulation of fatty acid metabolism in skeletal muscle. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90927-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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