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Besharati S, Sadeghi A, Ahmadi F, Tajeddin E, Mohammad Salehi R, Fani F, Pouladfar G, Nikmanesh B, Majidpour A, Soleymanzadeh Moghadam S, Mirab Samiee S, Rahnamaye Farzami M, Rahbar M, Eslami P, Rakhshani N, Eshrati B, Gouya MM, Fallah F, Karimi A, Owlia P, Alebouyeh M. Serogroups, and drug resistance of nontyphoidal Salmonella in symptomatic patients with community-acquired diarrhea and chicken meat samples in Tehran. Iran J Vet Res 2020; 21:269-278. [PMID: 33584839 PMCID: PMC7871737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella is considered as a main cause of community-acquired diarrhea in humans, however, sources of the multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains and their link with the disease are not well known. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the frequency, serogroup diversity, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella strains in poultry meat and stool samples of patients with community acquired diarrhea in Tehran. METHODS We compared the frequency of non-typhoidal Salmonella serogroups, the similarities of their resistance patterns to 10 antimicrobial compounds, the prevalence of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and ampicillinase C (AmpC) genetic determinants, and class 1 and 2 integrons in 100 chicken meat and 400 stool samples of symptomatic patients in Tehran during June 2018 to March 2019. RESULTS Salmonella was isolated from 75% and 5.5% of the chicken meats and human stool samples, respectively. The chicken meat isolates mainly belonged to serogroup C (88%, 66/75), while the human stool isolates were mainly related to serogroup D (59.1%, 13/22). The MDR phenotype and the most common rates of resistance to antibiotics, including tetracycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TS) and azithromycin, were detected in 4.5% and 45.3%, 59% and 13.6%, 43% and 9.1%, 42% and 9.1% of the human stool and chicken meat samples, respectively. Carriage of bla CTX, bla SHV, and bla PER genes in the meat isolate with ESBL resistance phenotype and bla ACC, bla FOX, and bla CMY-2 among the 7 meat strains with AmpC resistance phenotype was not confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). High prevalence of class 1 and 2 integrons was characterized and showed a correlation with resistance to TS and chloramphenicol. CONCLUSION These findings showed a lack of association between chicken meats and human isolates due to discrepancy between the characterized serogroups and resistance phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Besharati
- MSc in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Sadeghi
- MSc in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - F. Ahmadi
- MSc Student in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - E. Tajeddin
- MSc in Microbiology, Division of Microbiology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - R. Mohammad Salehi
- Molecular Microbiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - F. Fani
- Division of Microbiology, Professor Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gh. Pouladfar
- Division of Microbiology, Professor Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - B. Nikmanesh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Majidpour
- Division of Microbiology, Anti-Microbial Resistance Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases (IIID), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S. Soleymanzadeh Moghadam
- MSc in Microbiology, Division of Microbiology, Anti-Microbial Resistance Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases (IIID), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S. Mirab Samiee
- Health Reference Laboratory, Health Reference Laboratory Research Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Rahnamaye Farzami
- Health Reference Laboratory, Health Reference Laboratory Research Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Rahbar
- Health Reference Laboratory, Health Reference Laboratory Research Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - P. Eslami
- MSc in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Central Laboratory, Milad Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - N. Rakhshani
- Pathology Laboratory, Mehr Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - B. Eshrati
- Center for Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. M. Gouya
- Center for Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - F. Fallah
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Karimi
- Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - P. Owlia
- Molecular Microbiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
- These authors contributed equally in this study
| | - M. Alebouyeh
- Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- These authors contributed equally in this study
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Safadel N, Dahim P, Anjarani S, Rahnamaye Farzami M, Samiee SM, Amini R, Farsi S, Mahdavi S, Khodaverdian K, Rashed Marandi F. Challenges of implementing Iranian national laboratory standards. Iran J Public Health 2013; 42:125-8. [PMID: 23865029 PMCID: PMC3712584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
After four years of publishing the Iranian National Laboratory Standard and following a strategic plan to implement its requirements, it was decided to review the taken actions, evaluating the achievements and the failures, as well as analyzing the gaps and planning the interventional activities to resolve the problems. A thorough evaluation revealed that the progress of implementation process varies considerably in different provinces, as well as in laboratories in different public and private sectors. Diversity and heterogeneousity of laboratories throughout the country is one of unresolvable problems. Although we encounter shortage of resources in the country, improper allocation or distribution of resources and budgets make the problems more complicated. Inadequacy of academic training in laboratory sciences has resulted in necessity of holding comprehensive post-graduate training courses. Revising academic curriculum of laboratory sciences could be mostly helpful, moreover there should be organized, training courses with pre-determined practical topics. providing specific technical guidelines, to clarify the required technical details could temporarily fill the training gaps of laboratory staff. Inadequate number of competent auditors was one of the difficulties in universities. Another important challenge returns to laboratory equipment, developing the national controlling system to manage the laboratory equipment in terms of quality and accessibility has been planned in RHL. At last cultural problems and resistance to change are main obstacles that have reduced the pace of standardization, it needs to rationalize the necessity of establishing laboratory standards for all stakeholders.
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Hajia M, Safadel N, Samiee SM, Dahim P, Anjarani S, Nafisi N, Sohrabi A, Rafiee M, Sabzavi F, Entekhabi B. Quality assurance program for molecular medicine laboratories. Iran J Public Health 2013; 42:119-124. [PMID: 23865028 PMCID: PMC3712598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular diagnostic methods have played and continuing to have a critical role in clinical laboratories in recent years. Therefore, standardization is an evolutionary process that needs to be upgrade with increasing scientific knowledge, improvement of the instruments and techniques. The aim of this study was to design a quality assurance program in order to have similar conditions for all medical laboratories engaging with molecular tests. METHODS We had to design a plan for all four elements; required space conditions, equipments, training, and basic guidelines. Necessary guidelines was prepared and confirmed by the launched specific committee at the Health Reference Laboratory. RESULTS Several workshops were also held for medical laboratories directors and staffs, quality control manager of molecular companies, directors and nominees from universities. Accreditation of equipments and molecular material was followed parallel with rest of program. Now we are going to accredit medical laboratories and to evaluate the success of the program. CONCLUSION Accreditation of medical laboratory will be succeeding if its basic elements are provided in advance. Professional practice guidelines, holding training and performing accreditation the molecular materials and equipments ensured us that laboratories are aware of best practices, proper interpretation, limitations of techniques, and technical issues. Now, active external auditing can improve the applied laboratory conditions toward the defined standard level.
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Mohammadi-Yeganeh S, Paryan M, Mirab Samiee S, Kia V, Rezvan H. Molecular beacon probes-base multiplex NASBA Real-time for detection of HIV-1 and HCV. Iran J Microbiol 2012; 4:47-54. [PMID: 22973469 PMCID: PMC3434641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Developed in 1991, nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) has been introduced as a rapid molecular diagnostic technique, where it has been shown to give quicker results than PCR, and it can also be more sensitive. This paper describes the development of a molecular beacon-based multiplex NASBA assay for simultaneous detection of HIV-1 and HCV in plasma samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS A well-conserved region in the HIV-1 pol gene and 5'-NCR of HCV genome were used for primers and molecular beacon design. The performance features of HCV/HIV-1 multiplex NASBA assay including analytical sensitivity and specificity, clinical sensitivity and clinical specificity were evaluated. RESULTS The analysis of scalar concentrations of the samples indicated that the limit of quantification of the assay was <1000 copies/ml for HIV-1 and <500 copies/ml for HCV with 95% confidence interval. Multiplex NASBA assay showed a 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The analytical specificity study with BLAST software demonstrated that the primers do not attach to any other sequences except for that of HIV-1 or HCV. The primers and molecular beacon probes detected all HCV genotypes and all major variants of HIV-1. CONCLUSION This method may represent a relatively inexpensive isothermal method for detection of HIV-1/HCV co-infection in monitoring of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran,Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Department, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Paryan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran,Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Department, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran, Corresponding author: Mahdi Paryan, Address: Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Tel/ Fax: + 98 21 22351460. E-mail:
| | - S Mirab Samiee
- Day General Hospital Laboratory, Tehran, Iran,Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - V Kia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Rezvan
- Day General Hospital Laboratory, Tehran, Iran
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