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Ducrot C, Barrio MB, Boissy A, Charrier F, Even S, Mormède P, Petit S, Pinard-van der Laan MH, Schelcher F, Casabianca F, Ducos A, Foucras G, Guatteo R, Peyraud JL, Vayssier-Taussat M, Veysset P, Friggens NC, Fernandez X. Animal board invited review: Improving animal health and welfare in the transition of livestock farming systems: Towards social acceptability and sustainability. Animal 2024; 18:101100. [PMID: 38452419 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The need to integrate more clearly societal expectations on livestock farming has led the authors of this article to consider that livestock farming systems must be redesigned to position health and welfare at the heart of their objectives. This article proposes a vision of the advances in knowledge required at different scales to contribute to this transformation. After defining health and welfare of animals, the article emphasises the need to consider health in a broader perspective, to deepen the question of positive emotional experiences regarding welfare, and raises the question of how to assess these two elements on farms. The positive interactions between health and welfare are presented. Some possible tensions between them are also discussed, in particular when improving welfare by providing a more stimulating and richer environment such as access to outdoor increases the risk of infectious diseases. Jointly improving health and welfare of animals poses a number of questions at various scales, from the animal level to the production chain. At the animal level, the authors highlight the need to explore: the long-term links between better welfare and physiological balance, the role of microbiota, the psycho-neuro-endocrine mechanisms linking positive mental state and health, and the trade-off between the physiological functions of production, reproduction and immunity. At the farm level, in addition to studying the relationships at the group level between welfare, health and production, the paper supports the idea of co-constructing innovative systems with livestock farmers, as well as analysing the cost, acceptability and impact of improved systems on their working conditions and well-being. At the production chain or territory levels, various questions are raised. These include studying the best strategies to improve animal health and welfare while preserving economic viability, the labelling of products and the consumers' willingness to pay, the consequences of heterogeneity in animal traits on the processing of animal products, and the spatial distribution of livestock farming and the organisation of the production and value chain. At the level of the citizen and consumer, one of the challenges is to better inter-relate sanitary and health perspectives on the one hand, and welfare concerns on the other hand. There is also a need to improve citizens' knowledge on livestock farming, and to develop more intense and constructive exchanges between livestock farmers, the livestock industry and citizens. These difficult issues plead for interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research involving various scientific disciplines and the different stakeholders, including public policy makers through participatory research.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ducrot
- ASTRE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Campus international de Baillarguet, 34980 Montferrier sur Lez, France.
| | - M B Barrio
- Département Santé animale, INRAE, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - A Boissy
- Herbivores, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - F Charrier
- LISIS, Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée, INRAE, 77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France
| | - S Even
- STLO, INRAE, Institut Agro, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - P Mormède
- Département de Génétique animale, INRAE, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - S Petit
- CESAER, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | | | - F Schelcher
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | | | - A Ducos
- GENPHYSE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - G Foucras
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - R Guatteo
- BIOEPAR, Oniris, INRAE, 44300 Nantes, France
| | - J-L Peyraud
- PEGASE, INRAE, Institut Agro Rennes, 35590 St Gilles, France
| | | | - P Veysset
- Herbivores, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - N C Friggens
- Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, 91120 Palaiseau, France
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2
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Mayer N, Beaulieu S, Jiménez-Galán Á, Patchkovskii S, Kornilov O, Descamps D, Petit S, Smirnova O, Mairesse Y, Ivanov MY. Role of Spin-Orbit Coupling in High-Order Harmonic Generation Revealed by Supercycle Rydberg Trajectories. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:173202. [PMID: 36332250 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.173202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High-harmonic generation is typically thought of as a sub-laser-cycle process, with the electron's excursion in the continuum lasting a fraction of the optical cycle. However, it was recently suggested that long-lived Rydberg states can play a particularly important role in high harmonic generation by atoms driven by the combination of the counterrotating circularly polarized fundamental light field and its second harmonic. Here we report direct experimental evidence of very long and stable Rydberg trajectories contributing to high-harmonic generation in such fields. We track their dynamics inside the laser pulse using the spin-orbit evolution in the ionic core, utilizing the spin-orbit Larmor clock. We confirm their effect on harmonic emission both via microscopic simulations and by showing how this radiation can lead to a well-collimated macroscopic far-field signal. Our observations contrast sharply with the general view that long-lived Rydberg orbits should generate negligible contribution to the macroscopic far-field high harmonic response of the medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mayer
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Beaulieu
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - Á Jiménez-Galán
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Joint Attosecond Science Laboratory, National Research Council of Canada and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - S Patchkovskii
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - O Kornilov
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - D Descamps
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - S Petit
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - O Smirnova
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Y Mairesse
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - M Y Ivanov
- Max-Born-Institute, Max-Born Straße 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University, Newtonstraße 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
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3
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Hoffmans-Holtzer N, Smolenaers L, Peeters R, Swart N, Tims O, De Pree I, Slagter C, Olofsen - van Acht M, Hoogeman M, Balvert M, Petit S. PO-1040 Robust scheduling for a One Stop Shop palliative radiotherapy clinic using genetic algorithms. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Lauwers I, Pachler K, Capala M, Sijtsema N, Hoogeman M, Verduijn G, Petit S. MO-0144 Deep learning to detect nuclei and DNA damage foci for ex vivo tissue radiation sensitivity analysis. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Sijtsema N, Lauwers I, Verduijn G, Poot D, van der Lugt A, Hernandez-Tamames J, Hoogeman M, Petit S. OC-0625 Differences between HPV positive and negative oropharyngeal cancer detected by Non-Gaussian IVIM. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02647-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Oud M, Breedveld S, Giżyńska M, Kroesen M, Hutschemaekers S, Habraken S, Petit S, Perkó Z, Heijmen B, Hoogeman M. MO-0794 Plan library based online adaptive IMPT for head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Heukelom J, Portik D, Bertholet J, Dubois L, Redalen K, Chargari C, Bittner M, Perryck S, Webster A, Nevens D, Tomasik B, Franco P, Petit S. SP-0708 The yESTRO mentoring program and a report from a mentee. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)04029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Nassif A, Lignon G, Asselin A, Zadikian CC, Petit S, Sun HW, Klein C, Ferré FC, Morasso MI, Berdal A, Fournier BPJ, Isaac J. Transcriptional Regulation of Jaw Osteoblasts: Development to Pathology. J Dent Res 2022; 101:859-869. [PMID: 35148649 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221074356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial and jaw bones have unique physiological specificities when compared to axial and appendicular bones. However, the molecular profile of the jaw osteoblast (OB) remains incomplete. The present study aimed to decipher the bone site-specific profiles of transcription factors (TFs) expressed in OBs in vivo. Using RNA sequencing analysis, we mapped the transcriptome of confirmed OBs from 2 different skeletal sites: mandible (Md) and tibia (Tb). The OB transcriptome contains 709 TF genes: 608 are similarly expressed in Md-OB and Tb-OB, referred to as "OB-core"; 54 TF genes are upregulated in Md-OB, referred to as "Md-set"; and 18 TF genes are upregulated in Tb-OB, referred to as "Tb-set." Notably, the expression of 29 additional TF genes depends on their RNA transcript variants. TF genes with no previously known role in OBs and bone were identified. Bioinformatics analysis combined with review of genetic disease databases and a comprehensive literature search showed a significant contribution of anatomical origin to the OB signatures. Md-set and Tb-set are enriched with site-specific TF genes associated with development and morphogenesis (neural crest vs. mesoderm), and this developmental imprint persists during growth and homeostasis. Jaw and tibia site-specific OB signatures are associated with craniofacial and appendicular skeletal disorders as well as neurocristopathies, dental disorders, and digit malformations. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of a new method to isolate pure OB populations and map their gene expression signature in the context of OB physiological environment, avoiding in vitro culture and its associated biases. Our results provide insights into the site-specific developmental pathways governing OBs and identify new major OB regulators of bone physiology. We also established the importance of the OB transcriptome as a prognostic tool for human rare bone diseases to explore the hidden pathophysiology of craniofacial malformations, among the most prevalent congenital defects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nassif
- Université de Paris, Dental Faculty, Department of Oral Biology, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Reference Center for Dental Rare Diseases, Rothschild Hospital (ORARES), Paris, France.,AP-HP, Pitié Salpêtrière, Service d'Orthopédie Dento-faciale, Paris, France
| | - G Lignon
- Université de Paris, Dental Faculty, Department of Oral Biology, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France
| | - A Asselin
- Université de Paris, Dental Faculty, Department of Oral Biology, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France
| | - C C Zadikian
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France
| | - S Petit
- Université de Paris, Dental Faculty, Department of Oral Biology, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France
| | - H W Sun
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, Office of Science and Technology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - C Klein
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Université de Paris, Histology, Cell Imaging and Flow Cytometry Platform (CHIC), Paris, France
| | - F C Ferré
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Charles Foix-Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Dental Department, Ivry, France
| | - M I Morasso
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A Berdal
- Université de Paris, Dental Faculty, Department of Oral Biology, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Reference Center for Dental Rare Diseases, Rothschild Hospital (ORARES), Paris, France
| | - B P J Fournier
- Université de Paris, Dental Faculty, Department of Oral Biology, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France.,AP-HP, Reference Center for Dental Rare Diseases, Rothschild Hospital (ORARES), Paris, France
| | - J Isaac
- Université de Paris, Dental Faculty, Department of Oral Biology, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France
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9
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Sijtsema N, Verduijn G, van Norden Y, Mast H, van der Lugt A, Hoogeman M, Petit S. PO-1820 Intra-mandible radio-sensitivity for osteoradionecrosis: effect of local dose and teeth extractions. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08271-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Kleijnen J, Penninkhof J, Akhiat H, Hoogeman M, Petit S. PH-0653 Deep learning based auto-segmentation: how much training data do we really need? Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07385-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Vaassen F, Hazelaar C, Canters R, Peeters S, Petit S, van Elmpt W. PD-0751 The effect of organ-at-risk contour variations on automatically generated treatment plans for NSCLC. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07030-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Hoffmans-Holtzer N, Olofsen-van Acht M, Hoogeman M, Petit S. PO-1757 Monitoring the intra-fracion motion with optical surface scanners during palliative radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08208-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Léger M, Lhotel E, Ciomaga Hatnean M, Ollivier J, Wildes AR, Raymond S, Ressouche E, Balakrishnan G, Petit S. Spin Dynamics and Unconventional Coulomb Phase in Nd_{2}Zr_{2}O_{7}. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:247201. [PMID: 34213921 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.247201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the temperature dependence of the spin dynamics in the pyrochlore magnet Nd_{2}Zr_{2}O_{7} by neutron scattering experiments. At low temperature, this material undergoes a transition towards an "all-in-all-out" antiferromagnetic phase and the spin dynamics encompass a dispersionless mode, characterized by a dynamical spin ice structure factor. Unexpectedly, this mode is found to survive above T_{N}≈300 mK. Concomitantly, elastic correlations of the spin ice type develop. These are the signatures of a peculiar correlated paramagnetic phase which can be considered as a new example of Coulomb phase. Our observations near T_{N} do not reproduce the signatures expected for a Higgs transition, but show reminiscent features of the "all-in-all-out" order superimposed on a Coulomb phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Léger
- Institut Néel, CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Lhotel
- Institut Néel, CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - M Ciomaga Hatnean
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - J Ollivier
- Institut Laue Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - A R Wildes
- Institut Laue Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - S Raymond
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, MEM, MDN, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - E Ressouche
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, MEM, MDN, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - G Balakrishnan
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - S Petit
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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14
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Pedrotti ML, Petit S, Eyheraguibel B, Kerros ME, Elineau A, Ghiglione JF, Loret JF, Rostan A, Gorsky G. Pollution by anthropogenic microfibers in North-West Mediterranean Sea and efficiency of microfiber removal by a wastewater treatment plant. Sci Total Environ 2021; 758:144195. [PMID: 33338794 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The widespread pollution from the release of microfibers is an emerging concern as they are a potential threat to the environment. Their identification in samples in terms of quantity and pathways remain a challenge as contamination can be a major source of error. A systematic study of synthetic microfibers (MFs) has been carried out in different environmental compartments of an urban area and in the surface waters of the northwestern Mediterranean. The quantity, size and type of polymer of MFs were recorded in air, in waste water from a domestic washing machine, at the inlet and outlet of the Haliotis urban wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Nice (Provence Alpes Côte-d'Azur, France) and in a variety of coastal and offshore areas. The results showed that MFs released by clothes during washing (on average of 13 × 106 MFs per m3) are an important emitter of microplastics. Despite its high removal efficiency (87.5% to 98.5%) by Haliotis, a large number of MFs, estimated at 4.3 billion, enter the marine environment daily from the treatment plant. The attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) characterization of the raw materials showed that 14 to 50% of fibers are synthetic, mostly polyester and polyamide, the remaining 35 to 72% being natural polymers (cotton, wool) or manufactured by processing natural polymers (especially cellulose). MFs were found in all environmental compartments studied and appear to be widespread in coastal and offshore surface waters with concentrations varying from 2.6 × 103 to 3.70 × 104 m-3. The sources of MFs in the marine environment are multiple, with laundry fibers discharges from WWTP and the atmospheric transport of urban fibers are among the main pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Pedrotti
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, LOV, F-O6230 Villefranche-sur-mer, France.
| | - S Petit
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, LOV, F-O6230 Villefranche-sur-mer, France; SUEZ International, 183, avenue du 18 juin 1940, 92500 Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - B Eyheraguibel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie (ICCF), F-63000 Clermont, Ferrand, France
| | - M E Kerros
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, LOV, F-O6230 Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | - A Elineau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, LOV, F-O6230 Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| | - J F Ghiglione
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Microbienne, UMR 7621, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - J F Loret
- SUEZ Groupe, CIRSEE, 78 230 Le Pecq, France
| | - A Rostan
- Régie Eau d'Azur, Rimiez, Nice, France
| | - G Gorsky
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, LOV, F-O6230 Villefranche-sur-mer, France
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Hort O, Dubrouil A, Khokhlova MA, Descamps D, Petit S, Burgy F, Mével E, Constant E, Strelkov VV. High-order parametric generation of coherent XUV radiation. Opt Express 2021; 29:5982-5992. [PMID: 33726129 DOI: 10.1364/oe.418449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation finds numerous applications in spectroscopy. When the XUV light is generated via high-order harmonic generation (HHG), it may be produced in the form of attosecond pulses, allowing access to unprecedented ultrafast phenomena. However, the HHG efficiency remains limited. Here we present an observation of a new regime of coherent XUV emission which has a potential to provide higher XUV intensity, vital for applications. We explain the process by high-order parametric generation, involving the combined emission of THz and XUV photons, where the phase matching is very robust against ionization. This introduces a way to use higher-energy driving pulses, thus generating more XUV photons.
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Songvilay M, Petit S, Damay F, Roux G, Qureshi N, Walker HC, Rodriguez-Rivera JA, Gao B, Cheong SW, Stock C. From One- to Two-Magnon Excitations in the S=3/2 Magnet β-CaCr_{2}O_{4}. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:017201. [PMID: 33480800 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.017201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We apply neutron spectroscopy to measure the magnetic dynamics in the S=3/2 magnet β-CaCr_{2}O_{4} (T_{N}=21 K). The low-energy fluctuations, in the ordered state, resemble large-S linear spin waves from the incommensurate ground state. However, at higher energy transfers, these semiclassical and harmonic dynamics are replaced by an energy and momentum broadened continuum of excitations. Applying kinematic constraints required for energy and momentum conservation, sum rules of neutron scattering, and comparison against exact diagonalization calculations, we show that the dynamics at high-energy transfers resemble low-S one-dimensional quantum fluctuations. β-CaCr_{2}O_{4} represents an example of a magnet at the border between classical Néel and quantum phases, displaying dual characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Songvilay
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - S Petit
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS UMR 12, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - F Damay
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS UMR 12, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - G Roux
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, LPTMS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - N Qureshi
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 6 rue Jules Horowitz, Boite postale 156, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - H C Walker
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - J A Rodriguez-Rivera
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
- Department of Materials Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B Gao
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - S-W Cheong
- Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, 136 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - C Stock
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
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Jeanneret P, Aviron S, Alignier A, Lavigne C, Helfenstein J, Herzog F, Kay S, Petit S. Agroecology landscapes. Landsc Ecol 2021; 36:2235-2257. [PMID: 34219965 PMCID: PMC8233588 DOI: 10.1007/s10980-021-01248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Agroecology combines agronomic and ecological concepts. It relies on the enhancement of biodiversity and related ecosystem services to support agricultural production. It is dependent on biological interactions for the design and management of agricultural systems in agricultural landscapes. OBJECTIVES We review the role of landscape ecology to understand and promote biodiversity, pest regulation and crop pollination for the designing of "agroecology landscapes". We illustrate the use of landscape ecological methods for supporting agroforestry systems as an example of agroecological development, and we propose pathways to implement agroecology at landscape scale. METHODS The state of the art of how landscape ecology contributes to agroecology development is summarized based on a literature review. RESULTS Agroecology requires thinking beyond the field scale to consider the positioning, quality and connectivity of fields and semi-natural habitats at larger spatial scales. The spatial and temporal organisation of semi-natural elements and the crop mosaic interact. Understanding this interaction is the pre-requisite for promoting patterns and mechanisms that foster biodiversity and ecosystem service provision. Promoting agroecological practices beyond individual farm borders can be rooted in a bottom-up approach from agroecological lighthouse farms to farm networks to amplify agroecology adoption at the landscape scale. CONCLUSIONS Achieving agricultural landscapes composed of fields and farms following agroecological management requires understanding of biodiversity patterns, biological interactions and mechanisms that determine and boost ecosystem functioning to improve services at landscape scale, involving farmers in a bottom-up and context-specific approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ph. Jeanneret
- Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S. Aviron
- UMR BAGAP, INRAE - Institut Agro-Agrocampus Ouest - ESA, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - A. Alignier
- UMR BAGAP, INRAE - Institut Agro-Agrocampus Ouest - ESA, 35042 Rennes, France
| | | | - J. Helfenstein
- Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F. Herzog
- Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S. Kay
- Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S. Petit
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
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18
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Robillard T, Lavie P, Dael A, Aubert G, Bredy P, Madur A, Berriaud C, Rifflet JM, Nguyen-Ba D, Klimko S, Exil G, Fabreges X, Petit S, Bataille A. WAVE – An innovative magnet devoted to spintronics. JNR 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/jnr-200167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The LLB is part of a large project aiming at the development of experimental tools available for the spintronics community. This includes the design and construction of vector magnets for neutron and X-ray scattering (deployed on the Léon Brillouin-Orphée and Synchrotron SOLEIL TGIRs: neutron diffractometer 6T2 and XMRS Sextants). For neutron scattering, a very innovative design has been developed, relying solely on the use of vertical axis coils. This magnet called WAVE (for Wide Aperture VEctor) is now available at the LLB-Orphée for the user community.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Robillard
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. E-mail:
| | - P. Lavie
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. E-mails: ,
| | - A. Dael
- Départment of Accelerators, Cryogenics and Magnetism (DACM), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G. Aubert
- Départment of Accelerators, Cryogenics and Magnetism (DACM), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P. Bredy
- Départment of Accelerators, Cryogenics and Magnetism (DACM), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A. Madur
- Départment of Accelerators, Cryogenics and Magnetism (DACM), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C. Berriaud
- Départment of Accelerators, Cryogenics and Magnetism (DACM), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J.-M. Rifflet
- Départment of Accelerators, Cryogenics and Magnetism (DACM), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D. Nguyen-Ba
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. E-mails: ,
| | - S. Klimko
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. E-mails: ,
| | - G. Exil
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. E-mails: ,
| | - X. Fabreges
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. E-mails: ,
| | - S. Petit
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. E-mails: ,
| | - A.M. Bataille
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. E-mails: ,
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19
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Sijtsema N, Petit S, Poot D, Verduijn G, Van der Lugt A, Hoogeman M, Hernandez-Tamames J. PO-1674: The optimal tradeoff between scan time and parameter precision for NG-IVIM DWI for H&N cancer. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01692-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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20
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Franco P, Tesio V, Bertholet J, Gasnier A, del Portillo EG, Spalek M, Bibault J, Borst G, Van Elmpt W, Thorwarth D, Mullaney L, Redalen KR, Dubois L, Bittner M, Chargari C, Perryck S, Heukelom J, Petit S, Lybeer M, Castelli L. OC-0593: Alexithymia, empathy and burn-out amongst RTTs: results from the PRO BONO survey. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Comby A, Beaulieu S, Constant E, Descamps D, Petit S, Mairesse Y. Absolute gas density profiling in high-order harmonic generation: erratum. Opt Express 2020; 28:32105. [PMID: 33115172 DOI: 10.1364/oe.409445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this erratum, we correct two numerical errors due to conversion mistakes from our previous published manuscript [Opt. Express 26, 6001 (2018)]. In the original manuscript, the two errors compensated each other such that the conclusions remain perfectly unchanged.
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22
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Fedorov N, Beaulieu S, Belsky A, Blanchet V, Bouillaud R, De Anda Villa M, Filippov A, Fourment C, Gaudin J, Grisenti RE, Lamour E, Lévy A, Macé S, Mairesse Y, Martin P, Martinez P, Noé P, Papagiannouli I, Patanen M, Petit S, Vernhet D, Veyrinas K, Descamps D. Aurore: A platform for ultrafast sciences. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:105104. [PMID: 33138551 DOI: 10.1063/5.0012485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present the Aurore platform for ultrafast sciences. This platform is based on a unique 20 W, 1 kHz, 26 fs Ti:sapphire laser system designed for reliable operation and high intensity temporal contrast. The specific design ensures the high stability in terms of pulse duration, energy, and beam pointing necessary for extended experimental campaigns. The laser supplies 5 different beamlines, all dedicated to a specific field: attosecond science (Aurore 1), ultrafast phase transitions in solids (Aurore 2 and 3), ultrafast luminescence in solids (Aurore 4), and femtochemistry (Aurore 5). The technical specifications of these five beamlines are described in detail, and examples of the recent results are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fedorov
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - S Beaulieu
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - A Belsky
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - V Blanchet
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - R Bouillaud
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - M De Anda Villa
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7588, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, INSP, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - A Filippov
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - C Fourment
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - J Gaudin
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - R E Grisenti
- Institut für Kernphysik, J. W. Goethe Universität, Max von Laue Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - E Lamour
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7588, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, INSP, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - A Lévy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7588, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, INSP, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - S Macé
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7588, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, INSP, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Y Mairesse
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - P Martin
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - P Martinez
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - P Noé
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA-LETI, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - I Papagiannouli
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - M Patanen
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - S Petit
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - D Vernhet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7588, Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, INSP, Campus Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - K Veyrinas
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
| | - D Descamps
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F-33405 Talence, France
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23
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Beauvois K, Simonet V, Petit S, Robert J, Bourdarot F, Gospodinov M, Mukhin AA, Ballou R, Skumryev V, Ressouche E. Dimer Physics in the Frustrated Cairo Pentagonal Antiferromagnet Bi_{2}Fe_{4}O_{9}. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:127202. [PMID: 32281858 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.127202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The research field of magnetic frustration is dominated by triangle-based lattices but exotic phenomena can also be observed in pentagonal networks. A peculiar noncollinear magnetic order is indeed known to be stabilized in Bi_{2}Fe_{4}O_{9} materializing a Cairo pentagonal lattice. We present the spin wave excitations in the magnetically ordered state, obtained by inelastic neutron scattering. They reveal an unconventional excited state related to local precession of pairs of spins. The magnetic excitations are then modeled to determine the superexchange interactions for which the frustration is indeed at the origin of the spin arrangement. This analysis unveils a hierarchy in the interactions, leading to a paramagnetic state (close to the Néel temperature) constituted of strongly coupled dimers separated by much less correlated spins. This produces two types of response to an applied magnetic field associated with the two nonequivalent Fe sites, as observed in the magnetization distributions obtained using polarized neutrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Beauvois
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, MEM, MDN, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Institut Néel, CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - V Simonet
- Institut Néel, CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - S Petit
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA-CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CE-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - J Robert
- Institut Néel, CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - F Bourdarot
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, MEM, MDN, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - M Gospodinov
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1184 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - A A Mukhin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - R Ballou
- Institut Néel, CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - V Skumryev
- Departament de Física, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Ressouche
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, MEM, MDN, 38000 Grenoble, France
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24
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Leblanc A, Lassonde P, Petit S, Delagnes JC, Haddad E, Ernotte G, Bionta MR, Gruson V, Schmidt BE, Ibrahim H, Cormier E, Légaré F. Phase-matching-free pulse retrieval based on transient absorption in solids. Opt Express 2019; 27:28998-29015. [PMID: 31684642 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.028998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a pulse characterization technique that is free of phase-matching constraints, exploiting transient absorption in solids as an ultrafast optical switch. Based on a pump-probe setup, this technique uses pump pulses of sufficient intensity to induce the switch, while the pulses to characterize are probing the transmissivity drop of the photoexcited material. This enables the characterization of low-intensity ultra-broadband pulses at the detection limit of the spectrometer and within the transparency range of the solid. For example, by using zinc selenide (ZnSe), pulses with wavelengths from 0.5 to 20 μm can be characterized, denoting five octaves of spectral range. Using ptychography, we retrieve the temporal profiles of both the probe pulse and the switch. To demonstrate this approach, we measure ultrashort pulses from a titanium-sapphire (Ti-Sa) amplifier, which are compressed using a hollow core fiber setup, as well as infrared to mid-infrared pulses generated from an optical parametric amplifier (OPA). The characterized pulses are centered at wavelengths of 0.77, 1.53, 1.75, 4, and 10 μm, down to sub-two optical cycles duration, exceeding an octave of bandwidth, and with energy as low as a few nanojoules.
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25
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Comby A, Descamps D, Beauvarlet S, Gonzalez A, Guichard F, Petit S, Zaouter Y, Mairesse Y. Cascaded harmonic generation from a fiber laser: a milliwatt XUV source. Opt Express 2019; 27:20383-20396. [PMID: 31510133 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.020383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent progresses in femtosecond ytterbium-doped fiber laser technology are opening new perspectives in strong field physics and attosecond science. High-order harmonic generation from these systems is particularly interesting because it provides high flux beams of ultrashort extreme ultraviolet radiation. A great deal of effort has been devoted to optimize the macroscopic generation parameters. Here we investigate the possibility of enhancing the single-atom response by producing high-order harmonics from the second, third and fourth harmonics of a turnkey 50 W, 166 kHz femtosecond Yb-fiber laser providing 135 fs pulses at 1030 nm. We show that the harmonic efficiency is optimal when the process is driven by the third harmonic, producing 6.6 ± 1.3 × 1014 photons/s at 18 eV in argon, which corresponds to 1.9 ± 0.4 mW average power.
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26
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Cathelain A, Helbert P, Petit S, Fromentin C, Valat AS. [Vernix caseosa peritonitis after vaginal delivery: A rare and unrecognized postpartum complication]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 47:819-821. [PMID: 31229675 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Cathelain
- Service de gynécologie obstétrique du centre hospitalier de Lens, 99, route de La Bassée SP 08, 62307 Lens cedex, France.
| | - P Helbert
- Service de gynécologie obstétrique du centre hospitalier de Lens, 99, route de La Bassée SP 08, 62307 Lens cedex, France
| | - S Petit
- Service d'anatomopathologie du centre hospitalier de Lens, 99, route de La Bassée SP 08, 62307 Lens cedex, France
| | - C Fromentin
- Service d'anatomopathologie du centre hospitalier de Lens, 99, route de La Bassée SP 08, 62307 Lens cedex, France
| | - A-S Valat
- Service de gynécologie obstétrique du centre hospitalier de Lens, 99, route de La Bassée SP 08, 62307 Lens cedex, France
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27
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Ricci B, Lavigne C, Alignier A, Aviron S, Biju-Duval L, Bouvier JC, Choisis JP, Franck P, Joannon A, Ladet S, Mezerette F, Plantegenest M, Savary G, Thomas C, Vialatte A, Petit S. Local pesticide use intensity conditions landscape effects on biological pest control. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20182898. [PMID: 31164058 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex landscapes including semi-natural habitats are expected to favour natural enemies thereby enhancing natural pest biocontrol in crops. However, when considering a large number of situations, the response of natural biocontrol to landscape properties is globally inconsistent, a possible explanation being that local agricultural practices counteract landscape effects. In this study, along a crossed gradient of pesticide use intensity and landscape simplification, we analysed the interactive effects of landscape characteristics and local pesticide use intensity on natural biocontrol. During 3 years, using a set of sentinel prey (weed seeds, aphids and Lepidoptera eggs), biocontrol was estimated in 80 commercial fields located in four contrasted regions in France. For all types of prey excepted weed seeds, the predation rate was influenced by interactions between landscape characteristics and local pesticide use intensity. Proportion of meadow and length of interface between woods and crops had a positive effect on biocontrol of aphids where local pesticide use intensity was low but had a negative effect elsewhere. Moreover, the landscape proportion of suitable habitats for crop pests decreased the predation of sentinel prey, irrespectively of the local pesticide use intensity for weed seeds, but only in fields with low pesticide use for Lepidoptera eggs. These results show that high local pesticide use can counteract the positive expected effects of semi-natural habitats, but also that the necessary pesticide use reduction should be associated with semi-natural habitat enhancement to guarantee an effective natural biocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ricci
- 1 Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté , 21000 Dijon , France
| | - C Lavigne
- 2 INRA, Unité Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles , 84000 Avignon
| | - A Alignier
- 3 BAGAP, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, ESA , 35042 Rennes , France.,4 LTSER France - 'Zone Atelier Armorique', BAGAP , 35042 Rennes , France
| | - S Aviron
- 3 BAGAP, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, ESA , 35042 Rennes , France.,4 LTSER France - 'Zone Atelier Armorique', BAGAP , 35042 Rennes , France
| | - L Biju-Duval
- 1 Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté , 21000 Dijon , France
| | - J C Bouvier
- 2 INRA, Unité Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles , 84000 Avignon
| | - J-P Choisis
- 5 Dynafor, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, INPT - EI PURPAN , 31326 Castanet-Tolosan , France.,6 LTSER France - 'Zone Atelier Pyrénées-Garonne', Dynafor , 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane , France
| | - P Franck
- 2 INRA, Unité Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles , 84000 Avignon
| | - A Joannon
- 3 BAGAP, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, ESA , 35042 Rennes , France.,4 LTSER France - 'Zone Atelier Armorique', BAGAP , 35042 Rennes , France
| | - S Ladet
- 5 Dynafor, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, INPT - EI PURPAN , 31326 Castanet-Tolosan , France.,6 LTSER France - 'Zone Atelier Pyrénées-Garonne', Dynafor , 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane , France
| | - F Mezerette
- 1 Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté , 21000 Dijon , France
| | - M Plantegenest
- 7 Agrocampus Ouest, UMR 1349 IGEPP , 35042 Rennes , France
| | - G Savary
- 3 BAGAP, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, ESA , 35042 Rennes , France.,4 LTSER France - 'Zone Atelier Armorique', BAGAP , 35042 Rennes , France
| | - C Thomas
- 2 INRA, Unité Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles , 84000 Avignon
| | - A Vialatte
- 5 Dynafor, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, INPT - EI PURPAN , 31326 Castanet-Tolosan , France.,6 LTSER France - 'Zone Atelier Pyrénées-Garonne', Dynafor , 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane , France
| | - S Petit
- 1 Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté , 21000 Dijon , France
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Petit S. SP-0248 Research and training in medical physics. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)30668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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29
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Heemsbergen W, Baker S, Petit S, Nuyttens J, Verduijn G. PO-0714 Toxicity profile of a SBRT boost as first-line treatment in oropharyngeal cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31134-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Waudby HP, Petit S, Matthews B, Sharp A, Pradhan R, Dale B. Investigation of ticks and red blood cell parasites of a population of reintroduced mainland tammar wallabies (Notamacropus eugenii eugenii). Aust Mammalogy 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/am18033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ticks and blood smears were collected from a reintroduced population of threatened tammar wallabies (Notamacropus eugenii eugenii). Ixodes hirsti was common during autumn/winter, and Amblyomma spp. in spring/summer, reflecting the seasonal density of questing A. triguttatum triguttatum. Red blood cell parasites were not detected in the 90 smears analysed.
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Comby A, Bloch E, Bond CMM, Descamps D, Miles J, Petit S, Rozen S, Greenwood JB, Blanchet V, Mairesse Y. Real-time determination of enantiomeric and isomeric content using photoelectron elliptical dichroism. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5212. [PMID: 30523259 PMCID: PMC6283843 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07609-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The fast and accurate analysis of chiral chemical mixtures is crucial for many applications but remains challenging. Here we use elliptically-polarized femtosecond laser pulses at high repetition rates to photoionize chiral molecules. The 3D photoelectron angular distribution produced provides molecular fingerprints, showing a strong forward-backward asymmetry which depends sensitively on the molecular structure and degree of ellipticity. Continuously scanning the laser ellipticity and analyzing the evolution of the rich, multi-dimensional molecular signatures allows us to observe real-time changes in the chemical and chiral content present with unprecedented speed and accuracy. We measure the enantiomeric excess of a compound with an accuracy of 0.4% in 10 min acquisition time, and follow the evolution of a mixture with an accuracy of 5% with a temporal resolution of 3 s. This method is even able to distinguish isomers, which cannot be easily distinguished by mass-spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Comby
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405, Talence, France
| | - E Bloch
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405, Talence, France
| | - C M M Bond
- School of Maths and Physics, Queen's University, Belfast, BT7 INN, UK
| | - D Descamps
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405, Talence, France
| | - J Miles
- School of Maths and Physics, Queen's University, Belfast, BT7 INN, UK
| | - S Petit
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405, Talence, France
| | - S Rozen
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - J B Greenwood
- School of Maths and Physics, Queen's University, Belfast, BT7 INN, UK
| | - V Blanchet
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405, Talence, France
| | - Y Mairesse
- Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405, Talence, France.
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Beaulieu S, Comby A, Descamps D, Petit S, Légaré F, Fabre B, Blanchet V, Mairesse Y. Multiphoton photoelectron circular dichroism of limonene with independent polarization state control of the bound-bound and bound-continuum transitions. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:134301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5042533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Beaulieu
- Université de Bordeaux—CNRS—CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre EMT, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2,
Canada
| | - A. Comby
- Université de Bordeaux—CNRS—CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - D. Descamps
- Université de Bordeaux—CNRS—CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - S. Petit
- Université de Bordeaux—CNRS—CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - F. Légaré
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre EMT, Varennes, Quebec J3X 1S2,
Canada
| | - B. Fabre
- Université de Bordeaux—CNRS—CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - V. Blanchet
- Université de Bordeaux—CNRS—CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - Y. Mairesse
- Université de Bordeaux—CNRS—CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
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Lhotel E, Petit S, Ciomaga Hatnean M, Ollivier J, Mutka H, Ressouche E, Lees MR, Balakrishnan G. Evidence for dynamic kagome ice. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3786. [PMID: 30224640 PMCID: PMC6141606 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for two-dimensional quantum spin liquids, exotic magnetic states remaining disordered down to zero temperature, has been a great challenge in frustrated magnetism over the last few decades. Recently, evidence for fractionalized excitations, called spinons, emerging from these states has been observed in kagome and triangular antiferromagnets. In contrast, quantum ferromagnetic spin liquids in two dimensions, namely quantum kagome ices, have been less investigated, yet their classical counterparts exhibit amazing properties, magnetic monopole crystals as well as magnetic fragmentation. Here, we show that applying a magnetic field to the pyrochlore oxide Nd2Zr2O7, which has been shown to develop three-dimensional quantum magnetic fragmentation in zero field, results in a dimensional reduction, creating a dynamic kagome ice state: the spin excitation spectrum determined by neutron scattering encompasses a flat mode with a six arm shape akin to the kagome ice structure factor, from which dispersive branches emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lhotel
- Institut Néel CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042, Grenoble, France.
| | - S Petit
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA CNRS Université Paris Saclay, CE-Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | | | - J Ollivier
- Institut Laue Langevin, F-38042, Grenoble, France
| | - H Mutka
- Institut Laue Langevin, F-38042, Grenoble, France
| | - E Ressouche
- INAC, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA Grenoble, F-38054, Grenoble, France
| | - M R Lees
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - G Balakrishnan
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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Bessereau J, Heireche F, Bremond V, Boutin A, Petit S, Tsapis M, Boiron L, Puget A, Garry P, Coulange M, Kerbaul F. Response to: Carbon monoxide poisoning cases presenting with non-specific symptoms by Deniz. Accuracy of triage with RAD-57 pulse CO-oximeter in suspected collective intoxication of a pediatric population. Toxicol Ind Health 2018; 34:361-363. [PMID: 29726790 DOI: 10.1177/0748233718756703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Bessereau
- 1 SAMU 13, Pôle RUSH, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France.,2 UMR MD2, CHU Nord, Marseille, France
| | - F Heireche
- 1 SAMU 13, Pôle RUSH, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - V Bremond
- 3 Service des Urgences Pédiatriques, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - A Boutin
- 3 Service des Urgences Pédiatriques, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - S Petit
- 4 Bataillon des Marins-Pompiers de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - M Tsapis
- 1 SAMU 13, Pôle RUSH, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - L Boiron
- 1 SAMU 13, Pôle RUSH, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - A Puget
- 1 SAMU 13, Pôle RUSH, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - P Garry
- 1 SAMU 13, Pôle RUSH, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - M Coulange
- 2 UMR MD2, CHU Nord, Marseille, France.,5 Service de Médecine Hyperbare, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille, France
| | - F Kerbaul
- 1 SAMU 13, Pôle RUSH, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France.,2 UMR MD2, CHU Nord, Marseille, France
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Biniskos N, Schmalzl K, Raymond S, Petit S, Steffens P, Persson J, Brückel T. Spin Fluctuations Drive the Inverse Magnetocaloric Effect in Mn_{5}Si_{3}. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:257205. [PMID: 29979049 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.257205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Inelastic neutron scattering measurements are performed on single crystals of the antiferromagnetic compound Mn_{5}Si_{3} in order to investigate the relation between the spin dynamics and the magnetothermodynamics properties. It is shown that, among the two stable antiferromagnetic phases of this compound, the high temperature one has an unusual magnetic excitation spectrum where propagative spin waves and diffuse spin fluctuations coexist. Moreover, it is evidenced that the inverse magnetocaloric effect of Mn_{5}Si_{3}, the cooling by adiabatic magnetization, is associated with field induced spin fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Biniskos
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at ILL, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC, MEM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - K Schmalzl
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at ILL, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - S Raymond
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC, MEM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - S Petit
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CE-Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - P Steffens
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - J Persson
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-2) and Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-4), JARA-FIT, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - T Brückel
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-2) and Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-4), JARA-FIT, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at MLZ, Lichtenbergstrasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
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36
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Venema E, Timmermans C, Penninkhof J, Petit S, Heijmen B. SP-0666: Automated treatment planning - from theory to practice. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)30976-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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37
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Petit S, Breedveld S, Unkelbach J, Den Hertog D, Balvert M. PO-0899: Uncertainties in dose-response relations strongly affect the expected gains of robust dose-painting. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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38
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Beaulieu S, Comby A, Clergerie A, Caillat J, Descamps D, Dudovich N, Fabre B, Géneaux R, Légaré F, Petit S, Pons B, Porat G, Ruchon T, Taïeb R, Blanchet V, Mairesse Y. Attosecond-resolved photoionization of chiral molecules. Science 2017; 358:1288-1294. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aao5624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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39
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Chattopadhyay S, Petit S, Ressouche E, Raymond S, Balédent V, Yahia G, Peng W, Robert J, Lepetit MB, Greenblatt M, Foury-Leylekian P. 3d-4f coupling and multiferroicity in frustrated Cairo Pentagonal oxide DyMn 2O 5. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14506. [PMID: 29109510 PMCID: PMC5674039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15150-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In solid state science, multifunctional materials and especially multiferroics have attracted a great deal of attention, as they open the possibility for next generation spintronic and data storage devices. Interestingly, while many of them host coexisting 3d and 4f elements, the role of the coupling between these two magnetic entities has remained elusive. By means of single crystal neutron diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering experiments we shed light on this issue in the particular case of the multiferroic oxide DyMn2O5. This compound undergoes a first order magnetic transition from a high temperature incommensurate phase to a low temperature commensurate one. Our investigation reveals that although these two phases have very different magnetic structures, the spin excitations are quite similar indicating a fragile low temperature ground state with respect to the high temperature one. Such a rare scenario is argued to be a manifestation of the competition between the exchange interaction and 4f magnetic anisotropy present in the system. It is concluded that the magnetic structure, hence the ferroelectricity, can be finely tuned depending on the anisotropy of the rare earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chattopadhyay
- INAC-MEM, CEA-Grenoble and Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - S Petit
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CE-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, Cedex, France
| | - E Ressouche
- INAC-MEM, CEA-Grenoble and Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - S Raymond
- INAC-MEM, CEA-Grenoble and Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - V Balédent
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, cedex, France
| | - G Yahia
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, cedex, France
| | - W Peng
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, cedex, France
| | - J Robert
- Institut Néel, CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042, Grenoble, cedex 9, France
| | - M-B Lepetit
- Institut Néel, CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042, Grenoble, cedex 9, France
| | - M Greenblatt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - P Foury-Leylekian
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, cedex, France
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Petit S, Lhotel E, Damay F, Boutrouille P, Forget A, Colson D. Long-Range Order in the Dipolar XY Antiferromagnet Er_{2}Sn_{2}O_{7}. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:187202. [PMID: 29219561 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.187202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Er_{2}Sn_{2}O_{7} remains a puzzling case among the extensively studied frustrated compounds of the rare-earth pyrochlore family. Indeed, while a first-order transition towards a long-range antiferromagnetic state with the so-called Palmer-Chalker structure is theoretically predicted, it has not yet been observed, leaving the issue as to whether it is a spin-liquid candidate open. We report on neutron scattering and magnetization measurements which evidence a second-order transition towards this Palmer-Chalker ordered state around 108 mK. Extreme care was taken to ensure a proper thermalization of the sample, which has proved to be crucial to successfully observe the magnetic Bragg peaks. At the transition, a gap opens in the excitations, superimposed on a strong quasielastic signal. The exchange parameters, refined from a spin-wave analysis in applied magnetic field, confirm that Er_{2}Sn_{2}O_{7} is a realization of the dipolar XY pyrochlore antiferromagnet. The proximity of competing phases and the strong XY anisotropy of the Er^{3+} magnetic moment might be at the origin of enhanced fluctuations, leading to the unexpected nature of the transition, the low ordering temperature, and the observed multiscale dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Petit
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CE-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Lhotel
- Institut Néel, CNRS and Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - F Damay
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CE-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P Boutrouille
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CE-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Forget
- Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CE-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Colson
- Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CE-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Palatinus L, Brázda P, Boullay P, Perez O, Klementová M, Petit S, Eigner V, Zaarour M, Mintova S. Hydrogen positions in single nanocrystals revealed by electron diffraction. Science 2017; 355:166-169. [PMID: 28082587 DOI: 10.1126/science.aak9652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The localization of hydrogen atoms is an essential part of crystal structure analysis, but it is difficult because of their small scattering power. We report the direct localization of hydrogen atoms in nanocrystalline materials, achieved using the recently developed approach of dynamical refinement of precession electron diffraction tomography data. We used this method to locate hydrogen atoms in both an organic (paracetamol) and an inorganic (framework cobalt aluminophosphate) material. The results demonstrate that the technique can reliably reveal fine structural details, including the positions of hydrogen atoms in single crystals with micro- to nanosized dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Palatinus
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - P Brázda
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Boullay
- CRISMAT (Laboratoire de Cristallographie et Sciences des Matériaux), Normandie Université, ENSICAEN (Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen), UNICAEN (Université de Caen), CNRS UMR 6508, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France.
| | - O Perez
- CRISMAT (Laboratoire de Cristallographie et Sciences des Matériaux), Normandie Université, ENSICAEN (Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen), UNICAEN (Université de Caen), CNRS UMR 6508, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - M Klementová
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Petit
- CRISMAT (Laboratoire de Cristallographie et Sciences des Matériaux), Normandie Université, ENSICAEN (Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen), UNICAEN (Université de Caen), CNRS UMR 6508, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - V Eigner
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Zaarour
- LCS (Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie), Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS UMR 6506, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
| | - S Mintova
- LCS (Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie), Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS UMR 6506, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France
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Amato B, Petit S. A review of the methods for storing floral nectars in the field. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2017; 19:497-503. [PMID: 28303638 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of floral nectar sugar characteristics, such as concentration, ratio and mass, is essential to understand the complex nature of nectar production and pollination systems. Although nectar is commonly stored in ecology, storage reliability and effectiveness have rarely been quantified. Inappropriate nectar storage between sampling and analysis can alter nectar chemistry as a result of enzyme or microbial action. Our review of the literature indicates that measures to preserve nectar sugars before analysis include refrigeration, freezing, the addition of an antimicrobial agent, spotting and drying on filter paper, the addition of a desiccant or a combination of these storage treatments. Nectar stored on filter paper is removed by washing with a solvent before analysis. Elution methods are often complex, not standardised and poorly reported in published work. Existing storage methods have generally been used without an evaluation of their impact on results, but evidence suggests a potentially large impact on result accuracy. Future studies should report storage treatments and elution methods to legitimise comparison among independent studies and provide unbiased evaluation of the results. In view of the wide range of storage methods used and lack of verification of their appropriateness, is imperative that standardised and effective methods be developed to ensure that results are reliable. We recommend the prompt analysis of nectar, detailed description of methods, including size of filter paper and method of elution, and use of sterile techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Amato
- Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia
| | - S Petit
- Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia
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Grabarz A, Azaïs H, Petit S, Dedet B. [Placental metastasis of breast adenocarcinoma]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 45:323-324. [PMID: 28495461 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Grabarz
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, centre hospitalier de Lens, 62300 Lens, France.
| | - H Azaïs
- Service de gynécologie médico-chirurgicale, centre hospitalier régional et universitaire, 59000 Lille, France
| | - S Petit
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, centre hospitalier de Lens, 62300 Lens, France
| | - B Dedet
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, centre hospitalier de Lens, 62300 Lens, France
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Balvert M, Breedveld S, Unkelbach J, Den Hertog D, Petit S. EP-1696: Dose-painting planning with uncertainties in dose-response parameters and in patient positioning. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)32228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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46
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Zgani I, Idriss H, Barbot C, Djedaïni-Pilard F, Petit S, Hubert-Roux M, Estour F, Gouhier G. Positive variation of the MRI signal via intramolecular inclusion complexation of a C-2 functionalized β-cyclodextrin. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:564-569. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02583h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a contrast agent based on a β-cyclodextrin is reported. An enhancement of relaxivity in the presence of an intramolecular inclusion complex is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Zgani
- Normandie Univ
- COBRA
- UMR 6014
- FR 3038
- INSA Rouen
| | - H. Idriss
- Normandie Univ
- COBRA
- UMR 6014
- FR 3038
- INSA Rouen
| | - C. Barbot
- Normandie Univ
- COBRA
- UMR 6014
- FR 3038
- INSA Rouen
| | | | - S. Petit
- Normandie Univ
- SMS
- EA 3233
- 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex
- France
| | | | - F. Estour
- Normandie Univ
- COBRA
- UMR 6014
- FR 3038
- INSA Rouen
| | - G. Gouhier
- Normandie Univ
- COBRA
- UMR 6014
- FR 3038
- INSA Rouen
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Ciotonea C, Dragoi B, Ungureanu A, Catrinescu C, Petit S, Alamdari H, Marceau E, Dumitriu E, Royer S. Improved dispersion of transition metals in mesoporous materials through a polymer-assisted melt infiltration method. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00963a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dispersed metal particles smaller than 2 nm, thermally stable and exhibiting improved catalytic performances are produced by melt infiltration into mesoporous supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Ciotonea
- “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
- 700050 Iasi
- Romania
- Université de Poitiers
| | - B. Dragoi
- “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
- 700050 Iasi
- Romania
| | - A. Ungureanu
- “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
- 700050 Iasi
- Romania
| | - C. Catrinescu
- “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
- 700050 Iasi
- Romania
| | - S. Petit
- Université de Poitiers
- CNRS UMR 7285
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP)
- 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9
- France
| | - H. Alamdari
- Department of Mining
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering
- University Laval
- Québec
- Canada
| | - E. Marceau
- Univ. Lille
- CNRS
- ENSCL
- Centrale Lille
- Univ. Artois
| | - E. Dumitriu
- “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection
- 700050 Iasi
- Romania
| | - S. Royer
- Université de Poitiers
- CNRS UMR 7285
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP)
- 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9
- France
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Beaulieu S, Camp S, Descamps D, Comby A, Wanie V, Petit S, Légaré F, Schafer KJ, Gaarde MB, Catoire F, Mairesse Y. Role of Excited States In High-order Harmonic Generation. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:203001. [PMID: 27886492 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.203001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the role of excited states in high-order harmonic generation by studying the spectral, spatial, and temporal characteristics of the radiation produced near the ionization threshold of argon by few-cycle laser pulses. We show that the population of excited states can lead either to direct extreme ultraviolet emission through free induction decay or to the generation of high-order harmonics through ionization from these states and recombination to the ground state. By using the attosecond lighthouse technique, we demonstrate that the high-harmonic emission from excited states is temporally delayed by a few femtoseconds compared to the usual harmonics, leading to a strong nonadiabatic spectral redshift.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Beaulieu
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre EMT, J3X1S2 Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - S Camp
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001, USA
| | - D Descamps
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - A Comby
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - V Wanie
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre EMT, J3X1S2 Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - S Petit
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - F Légaré
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre EMT, J3X1S2 Varennes, Quebec, Canada
| | - K J Schafer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001, USA
| | - M B Gaarde
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001, USA
| | - F Catoire
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
| | - Y Mairesse
- Université de Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA, CELIA, UMR5107, F33405 Talence, France
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Petit S, Vallin C, Morel B, Bertrand P, Blouin P, Lardy H, Sirinelli D. A single enhanced phase is sufficient for the initial computed tomography evaluation of retroperitoneal tumors in children. Diagn Interv Imaging 2016; 98:73-78. [PMID: 27687832 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2016.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to evaluate the incremental value of unenhanced phase in the initial evaluation of retroperitoneal tumors in children by comparison with an enhanced phase alone using computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 53 patients (26 girls, 27 boys) with a total of 53 tumors who had CT examination of the abdomen and pelvis for the initial assessment of retroperitoneal tumor were retrospectively included. All CT examinations were obtained with an unenhanced set of CT images and a set of CT images obtained after intravenous administration of iodinated contrast material. One junior and one senior radiologist independently evaluated the two sets in two separate reading sessions. CT images were analyzed for tumor calcifications, tumor location, vascular encasement, local invasion and tumor content. RESULTS Calcifications were present in 24/53 tumors (45%). On the enhanced set, the senior radiologist was able to detect calcifications in 22/24 tumors (92%) and the junior radiologist in 20/24 tumors (83%), yielding sensitivities of 92% and 83%, and specificities of 96.5% and 100%, respectively. Inter-observer agreement was excellent (Kappa=0.89). Tumor location was correctly determined by the senior radiologist in 53/53 tumors (100%) and 37/53 tumors (70%) by the junior radiologist. Using the unenhanced set, the senior radiologist was able to assess vascular encasement in 26/53 tumors (49%) against 21/53 (39%) for the junior radiologist. For tumor content, agreement between the enhanced and combined unenhanced and enhanced CT was 77% for both radiologists. CONCLUSION Enhanced CT performs as well as unenhanced CT for evidencing calcifications and is therefore sufficient for the initial assessment of retroperitoneal tumor in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Petit
- Department of pediatric radiology, hôpital Clocheville, CHRU de Tours, 49, boulevard Béranger, 37000 Tours, France
| | - C Vallin
- Department of pediatric radiology, hôpital Clocheville, CHRU de Tours, 49, boulevard Béranger, 37000 Tours, France
| | - B Morel
- Department of pediatric radiology, hôpital Clocheville, CHRU de Tours, 49, boulevard Béranger, 37000 Tours, France.
| | - P Bertrand
- Department of medical imaging, hôpital Bretonneau, CHRU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
| | - P Blouin
- Department of pediatric hematology-oncology, hôpital Clocheville, CHRU de Tours, 49, boulevard Béranger, 37000 Tours, France
| | - H Lardy
- Department of visceral and plastic surgery, hôpital Clocheville, CHRU de Tours, 49, boulevard Béranger, 37000 Tours, France
| | - D Sirinelli
- Department of pediatric radiology, hôpital Clocheville, CHRU de Tours, 49, boulevard Béranger, 37000 Tours, France
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Desrus H, Chassagne B, Moizan F, Devillard R, Petit S, Kling R, Catros S. Effective parameters for film-free femtosecond laser assisted bioprinting. Appl Opt 2016; 55:3879-3886. [PMID: 27168307 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.003879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Optimal conditions for femtosecond laser bioprinting setup are reported on in terms of numerical aperture and accuracy of focal spot location for different bioinks to deposit without using a metallic absorbing layer.
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