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Mohammadi-Dehcheshmeh M, Moghbeli SM, Rahimirad S, Alanazi IO, Shehri ZSA, Ebrahimie E. A Transcription Regulatory Sequence in the 5' Untranslated Region of SARS-CoV-2 Is Vital for Virus Replication with an Altered Evolutionary Pattern against Human Inhibitory MicroRNAs. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020319. [PMID: 33557205 PMCID: PMC7913991 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge of the evolution and the role of untranslated region (UTR) in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity is very limited. Leader sequence, originated from UTR, is found at the 5' ends of all encoded SARS-CoV-2 transcripts, highlighting its importance. Here, evolution of leader sequence was compared between human pathogenic and non-pathogenic coronaviruses. Then, profiling of microRNAs that can inactivate the key UTR regions of coronaviruses was carried out. A distinguished pattern of evolution in leader sequence of SARS-CoV-2 was found. Mining all available microRNA families against leader sequences of coronaviruses resulted in discovery of 39 microRNAs with a stable thermodynamic binding energy. Notably, SARS-CoV-2 had a lower binding stability against microRNAs. hsa-MIR-5004-3p was the only human microRNA able to target the leader sequence of SARS and to a lesser extent, also SARS-CoV-2. However, its binding stability decreased remarkably in SARS-COV-2. We found some plant microRNAs with low and stable binding energy against SARS-COV-2. Meta-analysis documented a significant (p < 0.01) decline in the expression of MIR-5004-3p after SARS-COV-2 infection in trachea, lung biopsy, and bronchial organoids as well as lung-derived Calu-3 and A549 cells. The paucity of the innate human inhibitory microRNAs to bind to leader sequence of SARS-CoV-2 can contribute to its high replication in infected human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manijeh Mohammadi-Dehcheshmeh
- La Trobe Genomics Research Platform, School of Life Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; or
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia
| | - Sadrollah Molaei Moghbeli
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 1675, USA;
| | - Samira Rahimirad
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran 1497716316, Iran;
| | - Ibrahim O. Alanazi
- National Center for Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 6086, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zafer Saad Al Shehri
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, KSA, Al dawadmi 1678, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- La Trobe Genomics Research Platform, School of Life Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; or
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5371, Australia
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-4491-213-57
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Madureira G, Gomez-León V, Grillo GF, Nascimento Andrade JP, Lett B, Moghbeli SM, Wiltbank MC, Kirkpatrick BW. Practical application of an impractical bovine genotype: creating bilateral twin pregnancies in Trio allele carriers. J Anim Sci 2020; 98:5903076. [PMID: 32901281 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine twin birth is associated with detriments, including increased embryo/fetal losses, malpresentation, and dystocia. Incidence of these is lessened in bilateral compared with unilateral twin pregnancy. This study was undertaken to assess the use of follicular ablation by aspiration to create bilateral twin pregnancies in females with genetic potential for ~3.5 ovulations per cycle (Trio allele carriers). In experiment 1, carriers (n = 30) and noncarriers (n = 10) were synchronized for ovulation and timed artificial insemination (TAI). Follicles (>5 mm) in excess of one per ovary were aspirated ~16 h preceding TAI. Follicle count for females with follicles on only one ovary was reduced to two. Blood was sampled 2 wk post-TAI to assess progesterone (P4) concentrations; embryo count was determined by ultrasound 6 wk post-TAI. Circulating P4 concentration post-TAI was significantly (P < 0.001) associated with both genotype and subsequent pregnancy status (pregnant noncarriers: 7.06 ± 0.68 ng/mL; pregnant carriers: 5.54 ± 0.55 ng/mL; nonpregnant noncarriers: 5.22 ± 1.05 ng/mL; nonpregnant carriers: 3.13 ± 0.42 ng/mL). Experiment 2 was undertaken to offset the negative effects of follicular aspiration on subsequent P4 concentration observed in experiment 1. Carriers (n = 38) and noncarriers (n = 32) were submitted to TAI and follicle ablation as described for experiment 1. Additionally, accessory corpora lutea (CL) were induced in carriers by the administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (carriers) at day 6 post-TAI. Consequently, P4 concentration post-TAI was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with subsequent pregnancy status (pregnant: 8.48 ± 0.61 ng/mL; nonpregnant: 6.70 ± 0.63 ng/mL) but not with genotype (carrier: 8.01 ± 0.59 ng/mL; noncarrier: 7.17 ± 0.64 ng/mL). Embryo number was greater in carriers (exp. 1: 1.64 ± 0.81; exp 2: 1.45 ± 0.09) vs. noncarriers (1.00 ± 0.00, both experiments). Single, twin, and triplet pregnancies occurred in carriers in experiment 1, whereas multiples in experiment 2 were limited to twin pregnancies. Genotype effects on pregnancy rate were not significant (P > 0.10) in either experiment. Results suggest that follicular ablation to create bilateral twin pregnancies in Trio carriers is feasible but requires the induction of accessory CL to offset the negative effects of follicular aspiration on subsequent P4 concentration and associated fertility outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Madureira
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Victor Gomez-León
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | | | - Beth Lett
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | - Milo C Wiltbank
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Brian W Kirkpatrick
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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Gomez-León VE, Andrade JP, Kirkpatrick BW, Moghbeli SM, García-Guerra A, Ginther OJ, Wiltbank MC. Selection of fewer dominant follicles in Trio carriers given GnRH antagonist and luteinizing hormone action replaced by nonpulsatile human chorionic gonadotropin†. Biol Reprod 2020; 103:1217-1228. [PMID: 32940667 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying selection of multiple dominant follicles (DFs) in monovulatory species can advance our understanding of mechanisms regulating selection of single or multiple DFs. Carriers of the bovine high fecundity Trio allele select multiple DFs, whereas half-sib noncarriers select a single DF. This study compared follicle selection during endogenous gonadotropin pulses versus during ablation of pulses with Acyline (GnRH antagonist) and luteinizing hormone (LH) action replaced with nonpulsatile human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatment in Trio carriers (n = 28) versus noncarriers (n = 32). On Day 1.5 (Day 0 = ovulation), heifers were randomized: (1) Control, untreated; (2) Acyline, two i.m. doses (Days 1.5 and D3) of 3 μg/kg; (3) hCG, single i.m. dose of 50 IU hCG on Day 1.5 followed by daily doses of 100 IU; and (4) Acyline + hCG. Treatments with nonpulsatile hCG were designed to replace LH action in heifers treated with Acyline. Acyline treatment resulted in cessation of follicle growth on Day 3 with smaller (P < 0.0001) maximum follicle diameter in Trio carriers (6.6 ± 0.2 mm) than noncarriers (8.7 ± 0.4 mm). Replacement of LH action (hCG) reestablished follicle diameter deviation and maximum diameter of DFs in both genotypes (8.9 ± 0.3 mm and 13.1 ± 0.5 mm; P < 0.0001). Circulating follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) was greater in Acyline-treated than in controls. Finally, Acyline + hCG decreased (P < 0.0001) the number of DFs from 2.7 ± 0.2 to 1.3 ± 0.2 in Trio carriers, with most heifers having only one DF. This demonstrates the necessity for LH in acquisition of dominance in Trio carriers (~6.5 mm) and noncarriers (~8.5 mm) and provides evidence for a role of GnRH-induced FSH/LH pulses in selection of multiple DFs in Trio carriers and possibly other physiologic situations with increased ovulation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor E Gomez-León
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Eutheria Foundation, Cross Plains, WI, USA
| | - João Paulo Andrade
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Brian W Kirkpatrick
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | | - O J Ginther
- Eutheria Foundation, Cross Plains, WI, USA.,Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Milo C Wiltbank
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Molaei Moghbeli S, Barazandeh A, Vatankhah M, Mohammadabadi M. Genetics and non-genetics parameters of body weight for post-weaning traits in Raini Cashmere goats. Trop Anim Health Prod 2013; 45:1519-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-013-0393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Barazandeh A, Moghbeli SM, Vatankhah M, Mohammadabadi M. Estimating non-genetic and genetic parameters of pre-weaning growth traits in Raini Cashmere goat. Trop Anim Health Prod 2011; 44:811-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-011-9971-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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