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Yousef S, Papadimitropoulos M, Faris M, Hasan H, Hossain A, Colman I, Manuel D, Wells GA. Melanin levels in relation to vitamin D among first-generation immigrants from different ethnic groups and origins: A comparative national Canadian cross-sectional study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:992554. [PMID: 36698822 PMCID: PMC9868151 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.992554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immigrants to Western countries tend to have darker skin than native-born populations. We examined the relationship between skin melanin and serum vitamin D (vitD) [S-25(OH)D] levels and explored whether melanin levels explained S-25(OH)D variations between immigrants and native-born Canadians. This study offers novel findings as no such study has been conducted. Methods We used a national cross-sectional population-based design with data from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS). Skin melanin levels among first-generation immigrants based on their ethnicity and origin/country of birth were compared with white and native-born populations. We assessed the association between S-25(OH)D and melanin after adjusting for independent variables related to S-25(OH)D, melanin level, and immigration status. Results Of 11,579 participants, 21.9% were immigrants aged 3-79 years (mean age 39.23 years). Compared with non-immigrants, immigrants had lower S-25(OH)D levels (mean: 51.23 vs. 62.72; 95% CI: 8.37, 14.62; P < 0.001) but higher melanin levels (mean [SE]: 17.08 [0.25] vs. 16.29 [0.29]; 95% CI: -1.29, -0.281; P = 0.004). Melanin did not differ by length of stay in Canada but was weakly positively correlated (r = 0.088, P < 0.001) with S-25(OH)D. Sex (male), age (≥18 years), summer/fall seasons, sunlight exposure, sunscreen non-use, smoking, and alcohol consumption were associated with higher melanin levels, whereas indoor tanning use was not. Conclusion Skin melanin levels were associated with sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. Immigrants had higher melanin levels, but melanin did not differ by length of stay in Canada. The weak positive correlation between melanin and S-25(OH)D suggested confounding factors may impact the relationship between melanin levels, S-25(OH)D, and immigration status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Yousef
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada,Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada,*Correspondence: Said Yousef,
| | - Manny Papadimitropoulos
- Eli Lilly Canada Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - MoezAlIslam Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayder Hasan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alomgir Hossain
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada,Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas Manuel
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada,Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada,Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - George A. Wells
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada,Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Yousef S, Hayawi L, Manuel D, Colman I, Papadimitropoulos M, Hossain A, Faris MA, Wells GA. Assessment of the quality and content of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for vitamin D and for immigrants using the AGREE-II instrument: a protocol for systematic review. Syst Rev 2022; 11:245. [PMID: 36397107 PMCID: PMC9673290 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-02129-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Worldwide, more immigrants experience vitamin D (vitD) deficiency than non-immigrants, which is attributed to ethnic variations, place or region of birth, skin pigmentation, clothing style, and resettlement-related changes in diet, physical activity, and sun exposure. Current recommendations in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) concerning vitD are inadequate to address vitD deficiency among immigrants. CPGs may also lack guidance for physicians on vitD supplementation for immigrants. Moreover, there are concerns about the overall quality of these CPGs. OBJECTIVES This systematic review will collate and critically appraise CPGs relevant to immigrants' health and vitD. Moreover, we will evaluate whether the CPGs of vitD including recommendations for immigrants and clarify whether the CPGs of immigrants include recommendations on vitD. METHODS A systematic search of Ovid MEDLINE® ALL, EMBASE, and Turning Research Into Practice (TRIP) electronic databases, guideline repositories, and gray literature will be conducted to identify relevant CPGs. Two reviewers will independently evaluate the methodological quality of the retrieved guidelines using the Appraisal of Guidelines, Research, and Evaluation-II (AGREE-II) instrument. CPGs scoring ≥60% in at least four domains, including "rigor of development," will be considered high quality. CONCLUSION Evaluating the quality and content of relevant CPGs may support researchers in developing national and global guidelines for immigrants. Furthermore, it may support vitD testing, nutritional counseling, and supplementation for vulnerable immigrant sub-populations. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42021240562.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Yousef
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. .,Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Room H1281, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y4W7, Canada.
| | - Lamia Hayawi
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas Manuel
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Manny Papadimitropoulos
- Eli Lilly Canada Inc., Toronto, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Alomgir Hossain
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Moez AlIslam Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences/Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - George A Wells
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.,Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Room H1281, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y4W7, Canada
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Scott Z, Beeninga F, Ali-Dinar T, ElMallah M, Sterrett E, Yousef S. 82 Screening for sleep disorders in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis: Improved knowledge and early intervention. J Cyst Fibros 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(22)00773-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Yousef S, Colman I, Papadimitropoulos M, Manuel D, Hossain A, Faris M, Wells GA. Vitamin D and Chronic Diseases among First-Generation Immigrants: A Large-Scale Study Using Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) Data. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091760. [PMID: 35565728 PMCID: PMC9099619 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Nearly 22% of the Canadian population are first-generation immigrants. We investigated immigrants’ health status and health deterioration over time in terms of the prevalence of chronic diseases (CDs) and their relationship to vitD status. Methods: We used cycles three (2012–2013) and four (2014–2015) of the Canadian Health Measures Survey. These data contained unique health information and direct physical/blood measures, including serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D). Indicators of health status and deterioration were the prevalence of CDs diagnosed by healthcare professionals, self-reported general and mental health, and CD-related biomarkers. Results: The data (n = 11,579) included immigrants from more than 153 countries. Immigrants were healthier than non-immigrants for most health status measures. The prevalence of CDs was higher among those who migrated to Canada aged ≥ 18 years. A longer time in Canada after immigration was associated with a higher risk for CDs. The mean S-25(OH)D was lower among immigrants, higher among patients with CDs, and inversely associated with glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio, immunoglobulin E, serum ferritin, and blood hemoglobin. After adjusting for covariates, no association was found between S-25(OH)D and the prevalence of CDs. Conclusions: Lower levels of accumulated S-25(OH)D among immigrants may impact their health profile in terms of CD-related biomarkers, which partially explains immigrants’ health deterioration over time. We recommend further longitudinal research to investigate immigrants’ vitD and health deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Yousef
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada; (I.C.); (A.H.); (G.A.W.)
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Ian Colman
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada; (I.C.); (A.H.); (G.A.W.)
| | - Manny Papadimitropoulos
- Eli Lilly Canada Inc., Toronto, ON M5X 1B1, Canada;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Douglas Manuel
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada;
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Alomgir Hossain
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada; (I.C.); (A.H.); (G.A.W.)
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
| | - MoezAlIslam Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates;
| | - George A. Wells
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada; (I.C.); (A.H.); (G.A.W.)
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
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Yousef S, Manuel D, Colman I, Papadimitropoulos M, Hossain A, Faris M, Wells GA. Vitamin D Status among First-Generation Immigrants from Different Ethnic Groups and Origins: An Observational Study Using the Canadian Health Measures Survey. Nutrients 2021; 13:2702. [PMID: 34444863 PMCID: PMC8400966 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
One in five Canadians are first-generation immigrants. Evidence suggests the baseline risk for vitamin D (vitD) deficiency is increased among immigrants who move from equatorial to northern countries. We investigated the prevalence and determinants of vitD deficiency/insufficiency among first-generation immigrants compared with native-born Canadians and identified explanatory covariables. We used a cross-sectional design with data from the national Canadian Health Measures Survey (Cycles 3 and 4) (11,579 participants aged 3-79 years). We assessed serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D) levels, sociodemographic and environmental factors, immigration status, length of time in Canada, vitD-rich food intake, ethnicity, and place of birth. Immigrants had lower mean S-25(OH)D than non-immigrants (51.23 vs. 62.72 nmol/L, p < 0.001). Those with younger age at the time of immigration (<18 years) had a high risk for low vitD, and S-25(OH)D levels increased with the length of time they had lived in Canada. The highest deficiency levels were in immigrants born in Morocco, India, and Lebanon compared with native-born Canadians. Ethnicity was the factor most strongly associated with S-25(OH)D. Compared with the white ethnic grouping, the Japanese had the highest level of vitD deficiency, followed by Arabs and Southeast Asians. Ethnic variations, dietary intake, and lifestyle factors are the main predictors of/explanatory factors for vitD status among Canadian immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Yousef
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (I.C.); (A.H.); (G.A.W.)
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Douglas Manuel
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada;
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (I.C.); (A.H.); (G.A.W.)
| | - Manny Papadimitropoulos
- Eli Lilly Canada Inc., Toronto, ON M5X 1B1, Canada;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Alomgir Hossain
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (I.C.); (A.H.); (G.A.W.)
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
| | - MoezAlIslam Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences/Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; or
| | - George A. Wells
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; (I.C.); (A.H.); (G.A.W.)
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
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Thornton G, Shetye A, Knott K, Razvi Y, Vimalesvaran K, Kurdi H, Artico J, Yousef S, Antonakaki D, Kellman P, Knight D, Cole GD, Moon JC, Fontana M, Treibel TA. Myocardial perfusion after COVID-19 infection: No persisting impaired myocardial blood flow in surviving patients. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021. [PMCID: PMC8344937 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab090.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Acute myocardial damage is common in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19, with evidence of myocardial infarction and myocarditis demonstrated on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). Post-mortem studies have also implicated microvascular thrombosis, which may cause persistent microvascular disease. Purpose To determine the long-term coronary sequelae in recovered COVID-19 using multiparametric CMR including state-of-the-art inline quantitative stress myocardial blood flow (sMBF) mapping to assess global and regional sMBF. Methods Prospective, multicentre observational study of recovered COVID-19 patients scanned at three London CMR units. Results were compared to a propensity-matched, pre-COVID chest pain cohort (104 patients referred for perfusion CMR, with subsequently demonstrated unobstructed coronary arteries) and 27 healthy volunteers (HV). Perfusion image analysis was performed using a novel artificial intelligence approach deriving global and regional stress and rest MBF with a cut-off of >2.25mL/g/min signifying normal sMBF and <1.82mL/g/min abnormal sMBF (Kotecha JCVI 2019). Results 104 recovered, post-COVID patients (median age 62 years, 76% male; 89[87%] hospitalised, 41/89[46%] requiring ICU) underwent adenosine-stress perfusion CMR at a median 131(IQR 43-179) days from COVID-19 diagnosis. Median LVEF was 67% (IQR 60-71%; 12 (11.5%) with impaired LVEF), 51 patients (49%) had late gadolinium enhancement (LGE); 18% infarct-pattern and 33% non-ischaemic LGE. Global stress MBF in post-COVID patients was no different to age-, sex- and co-morbidities-matched controls (2.57 ± 0.77 vs. 2.40 ± 0.75 ml/g/min, p = 0.11, Figure 1), though lower than HV (3.00 ± 0.76 ml/g/min, p = 0.001). Post-COVID, multivariate predictors of low sMBF were male sex (OR 0.57, 95%CI 0.41-0.80, p = 0.001) and hypertension (OR 0.67, 95%CI 0.51-0.88, p = 0.004), but not COVID-19 disease severity (ICU admission) or presence of scar (ischemic/non-ischemic). 21/42 with reduced sMBF (<2.25mL/g/min) had regional perfusion defects consistent with epicardial coronary disease. Conclusions COVID-19 survivors do not demonstrate evidence of reduced global MBF by CMR compared to risk factor matched controls. Stress perfusion CMR identifies etiology of acute myocardial damage (infarction/myocarditis) and presence of occult coronary ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Thornton
- University College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Shetye
- University College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - K Knott
- King"s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - Y Razvi
- University College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - K Vimalesvaran
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - H Kurdi
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - J Artico
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - S Yousef
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - D Antonakaki
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - P Kellman
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, United States of America
| | - D Knight
- University College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - GD Cole
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - JC Moon
- University College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Fontana
- University College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - TA Treibel
- University College London, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
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Alkaabi JM, Al-Maskari F, Afandi B, Yousef S, Shah SM, Heideman WH, Papadimitropoulos EA, Zoubeidi T, Souid AK, Paulo MS, Snoek FJ. Effects of Diabetes Prevention Education Program for Overweight and Obese Subjects with a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study from the United Arab Emirates. Oman Med J 2021; 36:e268. [PMID: 34164158 PMCID: PMC8214807 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2021.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The association of obesity and family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) provides an opportunity for risk stratification and prevention, as these two conditions are the most well-known risk factors for T2DM. We aimed to test the feasibility and effects of a diabetes mellitus prevention education program designed for overweight and obese Emirati people with at least one parent with T2DM. Methods We conducted a pilot study using a pre-post design without a control arm at the Diabetes Center at Tawam Hospital in Al Ain, UAE. Overweight and obese subjects with at least one parent with T2DM were invited to participate. Three study assessments were conducted at baseline, three months, and six months including a questionnaire, anthropometry, and laboratory assessments. Interventions included three individualized or family-engaged counseling sessions based on the DiAlert protocol. The study outcomes included awareness of risks and prevention opportunities to T2DM, behavior changes in nutrition and exercise, decreased waist-circumference, and clinical/metabolic/inflammatory markers. Pre-post changes were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results One hundred twenty-two overweight or obese individuals were approached. Forty-four individuals met the eligibility criteria, and 32 individuals (35.0±9.0 years; 75.0% female) completed the study. At six months, there were significant improvements in the glycated hemoglobin levels (p = 0.007), high-density lipoprotein (p < 0.049), serum creatinine (p < 0.025), estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.009), and adiponectin levels (p < 0.024). Sixteen of 32 participants had ≥ 2 cm reduction in waist circumference. They demonstrated notable physical and laboratory improvements in moderate-vigorous activity, average activity counts per day, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6 total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein. Conclusions Offering family-oriented diabetes education to people at risk for T2DM is well received and has favorable effects on relevant risk factors. Better testing with large-scale randomized controlled studies is needed, and implementing similar educational programs for the Emirati population seems warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juma M Alkaabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Fatima Al-Maskari
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | | | - Said Yousef
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Syed M Shah
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Wieke H Heideman
- Department of Medical Psychology, The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Taoufik Zoubeidi
- Department of Analytics in the Digital Era, College of Business and Economics, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Abdul-Kader Souid
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Marília Silva Paulo
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Frank J Snoek
- Department of Medical Psychology, The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Abd E, Gomes J, Sales CC, Yousef S, Forouz F, Telaprolu KC, Roberts MS, Grice JE, Lopes PS, Leite-Silva VR, Andréo-Filho N. Deformable liposomes as enhancer of caffeine penetration through human skin in a Franz diffusion cell test. Int J Cosmet Sci 2020; 43:1-10. [PMID: 32866296 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The permeation of hydrophilic molecules through the skin is still a challenge due to the barrier posed by stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin. Liposomes have frequently been used as carriers for different types of drugs and may also function as permeation enhancers. Propylene glycol has also been used as an edge activator in liposomes to increase the permeation. The aim of this work was to prepare liposomes containing an edge activator and loaded with caffeine to evaluate the potential of caffeine reaching the deeper layers in the skin. METHODS The formulations were prepared by a top-down process using high-pressure homogenization at 200 00 psi for 10 min. They were characterized by size, polydispersity index (PI), zeta potential (ZP), pH, caffeine content and encapsulation efficiency (EE%) on preparation (time zero) and after 30 days. Cytotoxicity of blank and loaded liposomes was assessed by MTT proliferation assay with a normal keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). In vitro permeation tests were performed with human skin in Franz cells over 24 h, and caffeine concentration was determined in the skin surface, stratum corneum, dermo-epidermal fraction and receptor medium by HPLC. RESULTS The caffeine liposomes with (DL-Caf) or without propylene glycol (CL-Caf) showed, respectively, mean size 94.5 and 95.4 nm, PI 0.48 and 0.42, ZP + 1.3 and + 18.1 mV and caffeine content of 78.57 and 80.13%. IC50 values of caffeine in DL-Caf (3.59 v/v %) and CL-Caf (3.65 v/v %) were not significantly different from conventional blank liposome (3.27 v/v %). The DL-Caf formulation presented the best capability to enhance the caffeine permeation through the skin, resulting 1.94-folds higher than caffeine solution. Furthermore, the caffeine flux from DL-Caf was 1.56- and 3.05-folds higher than caffeine solution and CL-Caf, respectively. On the other hand, CL-Caf showed the lowest caffeine penetration revealing the importance of edge activator to aid hydrophilic drug penetration to all skin layers. CONCLUSION The DL-Caf formulation tested was able to improve the permeation of caffeine through the stratum corneum and dermo-epidermal layers, suggesting that this delivery system may be effective for deep skin delivery of hydrophilic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Abd
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Qld., 4072, Australia
| | - J Gomes
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 210, prédio de vidro, Diadema, SP, CEP 09913-030, Brazil
| | - C C Sales
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 210, prédio de vidro, Diadema, SP, CEP 09913-030, Brazil
| | - S Yousef
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Qld., 4072, Australia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, 11795, Egypt
| | - F Forouz
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Qld., 4072, Australia
| | - K C Telaprolu
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Qld., 4072, Australia
| | - M S Roberts
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Qld., 4072, Australia.,Clinical and Health Sciences, City West Campus, Level 6 Cancer Research Institute (UniSA CRI), University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, S.A., 5000, Australia
| | - J E Grice
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Qld., 4072, Australia
| | - P S Lopes
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 210, prédio de vidro, Diadema, SP, CEP 09913-030, Brazil
| | - V R Leite-Silva
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Qld., 4072, Australia.,Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 210, prédio de vidro, Diadema, SP, CEP 09913-030, Brazil
| | - N Andréo-Filho
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua São Nicolau, 210, prédio de vidro, Diadema, SP, CEP 09913-030, Brazil
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Elliott J, Bai Z, Hsieh SC, Kelly SE, Chen L, Skidmore B, Yousef S, Zheng C, Stewart DJ, Wells GA. ALK inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229179. [PMID: 32074131 PMCID: PMC7029857 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to assess the relative effects of individual anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and grey literature (July 23, 2019) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included participants with ALK- or ROS1-positive NSCLC who received any ALK inhibitor compared with placebo, another ALK inhibitor, or the same ALK inhibitor at a different dose. The primary outcome was treatment-related death. Secondary outcomes were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and serious adverse events. Data were pooled via meta-analysis and network meta-analysis, and risk of bias was assessed. PROSPERO: CRD42017077046. RESULTS Thirteen RCTs reporting outcomes of interest among participants with ALK-positive NSCLC were identified. Treatment-related deaths were rare, with 10 deaths attributed to crizotinib (risk difference v. chemotherapy: 0.49, 95% credible interval [CrI] -0.16 to 1.46; odds ratio 2.58 (0.76-11.37). All ALK inhibitors improved PSF relative to chemotherapy (hazard ratio [95% CrI]: crizotinib 0.46 [0.39-0.54]; ceritinib 0.52 [0.42-0.64]; alectinib 300 BID 0.16 [0.08-0.33]; alectinib 600 BID 0.23 [0.17-0.30]; brigatinib 0.23 [0.15-0.35]), while alectinib and brigatinib improved PFS over crizotinib and ceritinib (alectinib v. crizotinib 0.34 [0.17-0.70]; alectinib v. ceritinib 0.30 [0.14-0.64]; brigatinib v. crizotinib 0.49 [0.33-0.73]; brigatinib v. ceritinib 0.43 [0.27-0.70]). OS was improved with alectinib compared with chemotherapy (HR 0.57 [95% CrI 0.39-0.83]) and crizotinib (0.68 [0.48-0.96]). Use of crizotinib (odds ratio 2.08 [95% CrI 1.56-2.79]) and alectinib (1.60 [1.00-2.58]) but not ceritinib (1.25 [0.90-1.74), increased the risk of serious adverse events compared with chemotherapy. Results were generally consistent among treatment-experienced or naïve participants. CONCLUSION(S) Treatment-related deaths were infrequent among ALK-positive NSCLC. PFS may be improved by alectinib and brigatinib relative to other ALK inhibitors; however, the assessment of OS is likely confounded by treatment crossover and should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Elliott
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Zemin Bai
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shu-Ching Hsieh
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Shannon E. Kelly
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Li Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Said Yousef
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Carine Zheng
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - David J. Stewart
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - George A. Wells
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Yousef S, Elliott J, Manuel D, Colman I, Papadimitropoulos M, Hossain A, Leclair N, Wells GA. Study protocol: Worldwide comparison of vitamin D status of immigrants from different ethnic origins and native-born populations-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev 2019; 8:211. [PMID: 31439035 PMCID: PMC6706882 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-019-1123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of literature indicates that, worldwide, immigrants experience health deterioration after their arrival into their adopted country, and moreover, they have lower vitamin D compared to the native-born population. We plan to review if the levels of vitamin D are comparable between different ethnic groups in different regions of the world with those of native-born populations and to identify the possible associations between vitamin D deficiency and disease status among immigrants. METHODS/DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted following the methods of the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews. A literature search was performed to identify studies on immigrants and vitamin D. The primary outcome is vitamin D levels, and the secondary outcome is any vitamin D deficiency-related disease. Study design and participant characteristics will be extracted, including ethnicity, country of birth and/or origin, and the host country. Descriptive and meta-analytic summaries of the outcomes will be derived. Distiller-SR and RevMan will be used respectively for data management and meta-analysis. DISCUSSION This systematic review may partially help clarify vitamin D-related health deterioration in migrants; moreover, to develop a global guideline that specifies sub-populations, in which the evidence and vitamin D-related recommendations might differ from the overall immigrant population. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42018086729.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Yousef
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Jesse Elliott
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas Manuel
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa and Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Manny Papadimitropoulos
- Eli Lilly Canada Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alomgir Hossain
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa and Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathalie Leclair
- Berkman Library, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - George A Wells
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Yousef S, Athamneh M, Masuadi E, Ahmad H, Loney T, Moselhy HF, Al-Maskari F, ElBarazi I. Association between Depression and Factors Affecting Career Choice among Jordanian Nursing Students. Front Public Health 2017; 5:311. [PMID: 29214151 PMCID: PMC5703015 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although stress reaction is high among nursing staff and nursing students in the Middle East and its effect on life is known, there are scant studies reporting on these clinical and social features. In addition, there are no studies reporting on factors that influence career choice among this group. Aim This study aimed to investigate factors that influence career choice among nursing students and their possible association with depressive symptoms. Method Participants were 150 (84.7% response rate) nursing students randomly selected from each academic year at the Nursing College/Jordan University of Science and Technology. Participants consented and completed the socio-demographic data collection sheet. The Arabic version of the Beck Depression Inventory-II Scale was used to assess participants with respect to depressive symptoms. A modified list of factors influencing career choice and a Likert scale to assess the level of sadness and the degree of religiosity were used as well. Results Students ranked the most important three factors influencing their career selection as family decision, religious factors, and the desire to care for others. The prevalence of depression among the sample was 26%. Students who had a desire to care for others were less likely to suffer from depression and those who chose nursing as their career due to religious factors were significantly less depressed than those who did not. Meanwhile, students who chose nursing under family pressure or because of a lack of alternative opportunities were more depressed. The odds ratio for depressive symptoms was 0.24 when students chose nursing because of religious factors, whereas it was 4.92 when the family strongly influenced the student’s career decision and 3.61 when a nursing career was the only perceived opportunity available. Conclusion The main factors associated with depression among this sample of nursing students were pressure from their family to choose a nursing career and having no other career or employment opportunities. Religiosity was negatively associated with depression and may act as a protective factor; however, future studies using longitudinal designs will need to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Yousef
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Emad Masuadi
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University, College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham Ahmad
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tom Loney
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hamdy F Moselhy
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Al-Maskari
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iffat ElBarazi
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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12
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Elbarazi I, Loney T, Yousef S, Elias A. Prevalence of and factors associated with burnout among health care professionals in Arab countries: a systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res 2017; 17:491. [PMID: 28716142 PMCID: PMC5513024 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-017-2319-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout among healthcare professionals is one of the key challenges affecting health care practice and quality of care. This systematic review aims to (1) estimate the prevalence of burnout among health care professionals (HCP) in Arab countries; and (2) explore individual and work-related factors associated with burnout in this population. METHODS Multiple electronic databases were searched for studies published in English or Arabic from January 1980 to November 2014 assessing burnout (using the Maslach Burnout Inventory; MBI) amongst health care professionals (HCP) in Arab countries. RESULTS Nineteen studies (N = 4108; 49.3% females) conducted on HCP in Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Saudi Arabia and Yemen were included in this review. There was a wide range of prevalence estimates for the three MBI subscales, high Emotional Exhaustion (20.0-81.0%), high Depersonalization (9.2-80.0%), and low Personal Accomplishment (13.3-85.8%). Gender, nationality, service duration, working hours, and shift patterns were all significantly associated with burnout. CONCLUSIONS Within the constraints of the study and the range of quality papers available, our review revealed moderate-to-high estimates of self-reported burnout among HCP in Arab countries that are similar to prevalence estimates in non-Arabic speaking westernized developed countries. In order to develop culturally appropriate interventions, further research using longitudinal designs is needed to confirm the risk factors for burnout in specific HCP settings and specialties in Arab countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, PO Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - T Loney
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, PO Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Yousef
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, PO Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - A Elias
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, PO Box 17666, United Arab Emirates.
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Yousef S, Mamdouh R. Class I Integron and β-lactamase encoding genes of multidrug resistance Salmonella isolated from pigeons and their environments. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2016; 62:48-54. [PMID: 28145856 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2016.62.14.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Seroprevalence of Salmonella spp. was investigated in pigeon and its surrounding environment of Sharkia province, Egypt. Samples were randomly collected from fifty freshly dead squabs, forty freshly dead adults pigeons, sixty diseased adult pigeons and 100 apparently healthy adult pigeons. Bacterial isolates were tested for their susceptibility to 17 different antimicrobial discs, by using the disc diffusion method. The bacterial isolates were tested for Class I and β-lactamase encoding genes by using PCR. In vitro sensitivity of all Salmonella isolates were completely resistant to Streptomycin, Amoxicillin, clavulanic acid, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin and Ceftazidime (100%). Class1 integron were characterized in 70% Salmonella isolates from squabs, 42.9 % in adult pigeons and 14.3% in pigeon environment which confer their resistance to streptomycin and ampicillin. Meanwhile TEM-1 β-lactamase was characterized in 20% of tested Salmonella isolates from squabs including S. Entertidis, 42.9% of tested Salmonella isolates from adult pigeons including S. Entertidis which confer their resistance to cephalosporin and not detected in all isolates from pigeons environments. In conclusion TEM-1 β-lactamase was characterized in 20% of Salmonella isolates from squabs while Class1 integron was characterized in 70% Salmonella isolates from squabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yousef
- Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig
| | - R Mamdouh
- Bacteriology, Mycology and immunology department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafer elshikh University ,Kafer elshikh
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Roberts MS, Mohammed Y, Pastore MN, Namjoshi S, Yousef S, Alinaghi A, Haridass IN, Abd E, Leite-Silva VR, Benson H, Grice JE. Topical and cutaneous delivery using nanosystems. J Control Release 2016; 247:86-105. [PMID: 28024914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The goal of topical and cutaneous delivery is to deliver therapeutic and other substances to a desired target site in the skin at appropriate doses to achieve a safe and efficacious outcome. Normally, however, when the stratum corneum is intact and the skin barrier is uncompromised, this is limited to molecules that are relatively lipophilic, small and uncharged, thereby excluding many potentially useful therapeutic peptides, proteins, vaccines, gene fragments or drug-carrying particles. In this review we will describe how nanosystems are being increasingly exploited for topical and cutaneous delivery, particularly for these previously difficult substances. This is also being driven by the development of novel technologies, which include minimally invasive delivery systems and more precise fabrication techniques. While there is a vast array of nanosystems under development and many undergoing advanced clinical trials, relatively few have achieved full translation to clinical practice. This slow uptake may be due, in part, to the need for a rigorous demonstration of safety in these new nanotechnologies. Some of the safety aspects associated with nanosystems will be considered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Roberts
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, QLD, 4102, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Y Mohammed
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - M N Pastore
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - S Namjoshi
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - S Yousef
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - A Alinaghi
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - I N Haridass
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, QLD, 4102, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - E Abd
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - V R Leite-Silva
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Hae Benson
- School of Pharmacy, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - J E Grice
- Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, QLD, 4102, Australia
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Alhajali S, Yousef S, Naoum B. Appropriate concrete for nuclear reactor shielding. Appl Radiat Isot 2015; 107:29-32. [PMID: 26408911 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A survey for the neutron activation significant trace-minerals in limestones from different sites in Syria has been carried out. The specific saturation activation radioactivity was calculated and compared to the clearance levels. The results show that the limestone composition varies significantly from one site to another. For example Al-Tamoura site has ∑(C(i)/CL(i))≤1 at thermal neutron flux less than 10(7) (n cm(-2) s(-1)), while the limestone from other the three sites has ∑(C(i)/CL(i))≤1 at a flux less than 3×10(6) (n cm(-2) s(-1)).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alhajali
- A.E.C.S, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - S Yousef
- A.E.C.S, Department of Technical service, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - B Naoum
- A.E.C.S, Department of Radiation Protection and Safety, Syrian Arab Republic
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Moselhy H, Eapen V, Akawi NA, Younis A, Salih B, Othman AR, Yousef S, Clarke RA, Ali BR. Secondary association of PDLIM5 with paranoid schizophrenia in Emirati patients. Meta Gene 2015; 5:135-9. [PMID: 26925374 PMCID: PMC4722529 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder of unknown etiology. PDLIM5 variants have been linked to schizophrenia and other related neuropsychiatric disorders and upregulated in the brain of schizophrenia patients suggesting a possible pathogenic role in disease progression. The aim of this study is to examine the potential association of schizophrenia in Emirati patients with previously reported variants in PDLIM5, PICK1, NRG3 or DISC1 genes. Consequently, we found a secondary association between PDLIM5 variants and the paranoid subtype of schizophrenia in Emirati Arabs suggesting that PDLIM5 may represent a determinate/marker for schizophrenia subtype specification. However, no associations were found with variants in PICK1, NRG3 or DISC1 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy Moselhy
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Valsamma Eapen
- University of New South Wales, Australia; Ingham Institute, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nadia A Akawi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Younis
- Al-Ain Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Badr Salih
- Al-Ain Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aws R Othman
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Said Yousef
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raymond A Clarke
- Ingham Institute, School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bassam R Ali
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Yousef S, Eapen V, Zoubeidi T, Mabrouk A. Behavioral correlation with television watching and videogame playing among children in the United Arab Emirates. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2014; 18:203-7. [PMID: 24329399 DOI: 10.3109/13651501.2013.874442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Television viewing and videogame use (TV/VG) appear to be associated with some childhood behavioral problems. There are no studies addressing this problem in the United Arab Emirates. METHODS One hundred ninety-seven school children (mean age, 8.7 ± 2.1 years) were assessed. Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) subscale scores and socio-demographic characteristics were compared between children who were involved with TV/VG more than 2 hours/day and those involved less than 2 hours/day (the recommended upper limit by The American Academy of Pediatrics). RESULTS Thirty-seven percent of children who were involved with TV/VG time of more than 2 hours/day scored significantly higher on CBCL syndrome scales of withdrawn, social problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, internalizing problems, externalizing problems and the CBCL total scores compared with their counterparts. Moreover, these children were younger in birth order and had fewer siblings. After controlling for these confounders using logistic regression, we found that TV/VG time more than 2 hours/day was positively associated with withdrawn (p = 0.008), attention problem (p = 0.037), externalizing problems (p = 0.007), and CBCL total (p = 0.014). CONCLUSION Involvement with TV/VG for more than 2 hours/day is associated with more childhood behavioral problems. Counteracting negative effects of the over-involvement with TV/VG in children requires increased parental awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Yousef
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University , Al Ain , UAE
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Amiri L, Voracek M, Yousef S, Galadari A, Yammahi S, Sadeghi MR, Eskin M, Dervic K. Suicidal behavior and attitudes among medical students in the United Arab Emirates. Crisis 2014. [PMID: 23195458 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated suicidal behavior and attitudes of medical students. We are not aware of any previous reports emerging from the Arab world. AIMS To investigate suicidal behavior and attitudes among medical students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). METHOD The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts as well as attitudes toward suicide and reactions to a hypothetical suicidal friend were assessed using a self-report survey. Furthermore, the survey included the self-assessment of the current mood and religiosity, and socio-demographic information. RESULTS A group of 115 medical students (mean age 20.7 years, 59.1% female) participated in the survey. The prevalence of lifetime suicidal ideation was 17.5% and of suicide attempts 1.8%. In general, students showed very low acceptability of suicide, strong beliefs in the punishment after death, and highly endorsed communicating problems with parents. Moreover, high acceptance of and support for a suicidal friend were found. Sadness was associated with higher acceptability of suicide and fewer beliefs in punishment after death. Religiosity was associated with less acceptability of suicide, seeing suicide in context of mental illness, communicating problems with parents, and greater support for a suicidal friend. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts among medical students in the UAE was in the lower range in international comparison. Negative attitudes toward suicide were accompanied by a strong support for a suicidal friend, and both were related to religiosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Amiri
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
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Yousef S, Benden C, Boyer D, Elidemir O, Frischer T, Goldfarb S, Lopez-Mitnik G, Mallory G, Visner G, Westall G, Schecter MG. Lung transplantation in children following bone marrow transplantation: a multi-center experience. Pediatr Transplant 2013; 17:231-6. [PMID: 23217003 DOI: 10.1111/petr.12023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Allogenic BMT has been successfully performed as a treatment for hematologic diseases with an expected long-term survival. This survival is truncated by respiratory complications including airway obstruction especially BO. Chronic GVHD has been reported to precede almost all cases reported. LTx has become a therapeutic life-saving option for patients with end-stage lung disease that maybe offered for the treatment of GVHD. We report a multi-center experience of pediatric LTx following BMT in 11 patients age- and gender-matched with 11 controls who received LTx for end-stage lung disease secondary to CF. Overall death was 36.4% over a follow-up period of 19 months (range 3-36 months) for the cases and 27.3% for the control group followed for 17 months (range 8-32 months). Median FEV1 one yr post-transplant for the cases was 78% predicted compared with 67.3% predicted for the controls. The median for episodes of infection was comparable at a median of one episode per patient through the entire follow-up period among both groups. Acute rejection episodes were significantly higher in the control group with a median of one episode per patient in the control group compared to none within the cases. Our data suggest that LTx may be a valuable therapeutic option for children with end-stage lung disease post-BMT with comparable survival outcome to that after LTx in children for other indications such as CF. Hospital stay was significantly longer in our case group. Infection rate was comparable between groups albeit type of infection varied. Significantly and of interest is that acute rejection episodes were non-existent in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yousef
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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Abstract
In spite of the fact that Basalt is a widespread type of rock, there is very little available information on using it as aggregates for concrete radiation shielding. This paper investigates the possibility of using Basalt for the aforementioned purpose. The results have shown that Basalt could be used successfully for preparing radiation shielding concrete, but some attention should be paid to the choice of the suitable types of Basalt and for the neutron activation problem that could arise in the concrete shield.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alhajali
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, A.E.C.S., PO Box 6091, Damascus, Syria.
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Dervic K, Amiri L, Niederkrotenthaler T, Yousef S, Salem MO, Voracek M, Sonneck G. Suicide rates in the national and expatriate population in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2012; 58:652-6. [PMID: 22169999 DOI: 10.1177/0020764011430038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports on suicide from the Gulf region are scarce. Dubai is a city with a large expatriate population. However, total and gender-specific suicide rates for the national and expatriate populations are not known. AIMS To investigate total and gender-specific suicide rates in the national and expatriate population in Dubai and to elicit socio-demographic characteristics of suicide victims. METHODS Registered suicides in Dubai from 2003 to 2009, and aggregated socio-demographic data of suicide victims were analysed. Suicide rates per 100,000 population were calculated. RESULTS Suicide rate among expatriates (6.3/100,000) was seven times higher than the rate among the nationals (0.9/100,000). In both groups, male suicide rate was more than three times higher than the female rate. Approximately three out of four expatriate suicides were committed by Indians. The majority of suicide victims were male, older than 30 years, expatriate, single and employed, with an education of secondary school level and below. CONCLUSION Further research on risk factors for and protective factors against suicide, particularly among the expatriate population, is needed. Epidemiological monitoring of suicide trends at the national level and improvement of UAE suicide statistics would provide useful information for developing suicide prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanita Dervic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE.
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Yousef S, Adem A, Zoubeidi T, Kosanovic M, Mabrouk AA, Eapen V. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and environmental toxic metal exposure in the United Arab Emirates. J Trop Pediatr 2011; 57:457-60. [PMID: 21300623 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmq121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
No systematic studies have been carried out on the effects of toxic metals on childhood behavior in the Gulf Region including the UAE. The relationship between blood levels of heavy metals and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were explored in school-aged children of UAE and it was found that increased blood concentrations of lead (Pb), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) were significantly associated with ADHD. The findings suggest that monitoring for exposure to heavy metal levels and education on potential child health hazards related to them are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Yousef
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
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Yousef S, Adem A, Eapen V, Zoubeidi T, Kosanovic M, Mabrouk AA. SP4-26 Burden of toxic metal exposure among school-aged children in United Arab Emirates. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976p.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kharita M, Yousef S, AlNassar M. Review on the addition of boron compounds to radiation shielding concrete. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2010.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mousa HSA, Yousef S, Riccardo F, Zeidan W, Sabatinelli G. Hyperglycaemia, hypertension and their risk factors among Palestine refugees served by UNRWA. East Mediterr Health J 2010; 16:609-614. [PMID: 20799587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
UNRWA's noncommunicable disease screening activities were evaluated among 7762 refugees screened for hypertension and type 2 diabetes in Jordan, Syrian Arab Republic, Lebanon, Gaza Strip and West Bank in June 2007. People were referred for screening most commonly because of age (both sexes), followed by smoking (males) and family history (females). Atotal of 9% ofscreened people were diagnosed with hypertension/ diabetes. Being older than 40 years, obese or with a positive family history of diabetes or cardiovascular disease increased the risk of presenting with hypertension and/or hyperglycaemia 3.5, 1.6 and 1.2 times respectively. Differences in risk factor detection and screening outcome in relation to differences in lifestyle are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S A Mousa
- Department of Health, Headquarters, United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, Amman, Jordon
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Mousa H, Yousef S, Riccardo F, Zeidan W, Sabatinelli G. Hyperglycaemia, hypertension and their risk factors among Palestine refugees served by UNRWA. East Mediterr Health J 2010. [DOI: 10.26719/2010.16.6.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Suman H, Kharita MH, Yousef S. Assessment of public doses due to a neutron calibration bunker. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2010; 138:340-345. [PMID: 19946121 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncp275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the expected neutron and gamma doses in the populated areas outside the newly constructed neutron calibration bunker at the Atomic Energy Commission of Syria will be assessed using the Monte Carlo code MCNP-4C2. The results showed that the maximum ambient dose equivalent rate (neutrons and gammas) outside the bunker would not exceed 0.5 microSv h(-1), assuming an Am-Be neutron source of emission rate of 10(8) n s(-1). The neutron dose is approximately 10 times higher than the photon dose. Sky shine contributes by about 25-50% of the neutron dose and 7-27% of the gamma dose, depending on the location. The simulation uncertainty due to the possible variations in the simulation parameters has been given particular importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Suman
- Radiological and Nuclear Regulatory Office, Atomic Energy Commission, Damascus ,PO Box 6091, Syria
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Yousef S, Benden C, Frischer T, Westall G, Goldfarb S, Ballman M, Aurora P, Doherty G, Boyer D, Visner G. 201: Lung Transplantation in Children after Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2009.11.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Kharita M, Yousef S, AlNassar M. The effect of carbon powder addition on the properties of hematite radiation shielding concrete. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2008.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Alhajali S, Kharita M, Naoom B, Yousef S, AlNassar M. Estimation of the activation of local reactor shielding concretes. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2008.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Salem MO, Saleh B, Yousef S, Sabri S. Help-seeking behaviour of patients attending the psychiatric service in a sample of United Arab Emirates population. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2009; 55:141-8. [PMID: 19240203 DOI: 10.1177/0020764008093373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many patients suffering from psychiatric disorders seek non-professional care before attending specialized services. AIMS To study the help-seeking behaviour of patients referred to the psychiatric department of Al-Ain Hospital, which is the main university teaching hospital in UAE. METHODS This study was a descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological survey. All new patients attending the psychiatry out-patient clinic at Al-Ain Hospital were screened for nine consecutive months from March to November 2003 inclusive. RESULTS The sample consisted of 106 patients (52 male; 54 female). Prior to presenting to the psychiatric service, 44.8% consulted faith healers, 31% of whom had had a previous experience with them; 45% reported some improvement but their symptoms recurred later, while 47% reported no improvement. In 8% their symptoms worsened for the current episode. Treatments received were herbal (29.8%) and prayer (70.2%). Of the sample, 43.4% consulted a primary care physician before presenting to the secondary psychiatric care. CONCLUSION In this sample a sizable number of patients sought alternative methods of treatment before attending the specialized psychiatric services.
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Zamar Akhtar U, Yousef S, Adolphus OS. Relapsing life threatening community acquired pneumonia due to rare Legionella species responsive to ceftriaxone and aztreonam. Afr J Med Med Sci 1998; 27:205-8. [PMID: 10497650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
A 24 year old Saudi housewife was admitted thrice with life threatening community acquired pneumonia. Even though she responded to an initial cocktail of cefriaxone, erythromcin, rifampicin and flucloxacillin during the second admission, she relapsed within four days of discharge when she was on erythromycin only. During the third admission she was put on ceftriaxone and aztreonam and recovered fully without any relapse. Serology results received later showed Legionella IgM titres of more than 1:256 for Legionella micdadei and Legionella bozemanii, and IgG titres of Legionella hackeliae. This case demonstrates relapsing pneumonia due to Legionella micdadei and bozemanii infection, and previous exposure to Legionella hackeliae. Both species, that is, Legionella micdadei and bozemanii, are resistant to erythromycin, but responded very well to a combination of ceftriaxone and aztreonam have not been used previously for the treatment of Legionnaires diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Zamar Akhtar
- Department of Internal Medicine, North West Armed Forces Hospitals Programme, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
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Maurage C, Brochu P, Garel L, Yousef S, Seidman EG, Weber AM, Morin CL, Roy CC. Portoenterostomy in a case of Alagille's syndrome with extrahepatic biliary atresia. J Pediatr Surg 1991; 26:111-3. [PMID: 2005516 DOI: 10.1016/0022-3468(91)90445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Maurage
- Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital Ste-Justine, Montreal, Quebec
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