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Harb SV, Kolanthai E, Pugazhendhi AS, Beatrice CA, Pinto LA, Neal CJ, Backes EH, Nunes AC, Selistre-de-Araújo HS, Costa LC, Coathup MJ, Seal S, Pessan LA. 3D printed bioabsorbable composite scaffolds of poly (lactic acid)-tricalcium phosphate-ceria with osteogenic property for bone regeneration. Biomater Biosyst 2024; 13:100086. [PMID: 38213985 PMCID: PMC10776431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2023.100086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of customized implants by additive manufacturing has allowed continued development of the personalized medicine field. Herein, a 3D-printed bioabsorbable poly (lactic acid) (PLA)- β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) (10 wt %) composite has been modified with CeO2 nanoparticles (CeNPs) (1, 5 and 10 wt %) for bone repair. The filaments were prepared by melt extrusion and used to print porous scaffolds. The nanocomposite scaffolds possessed precise structure with fine print resolution, a homogenous distribution of TCP and CeNP components, and mechanical properties appropriate for bone tissue engineering applications. Cell proliferation assays using osteoblast cultures confirmed the cytocompatibility of the composites. In addition, the presence of CeNPs enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells; thereby, increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition and bone-related gene expression. Results from this study have shown that the 3D printed PLA-TCP-10%CeO2 composite scaffold could be used as an alternative polymeric implant for bone tissue engineering applications: avoiding additional/revision surgeries and accelerating the regenerative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarah V. Harb
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Elayaraja Kolanthai
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - Cesar A.G. Beatrice
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A. Pinto
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Craig J. Neal
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Eduardo H. Backes
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana C.C. Nunes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Lidiane C. Costa
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Melanie J. Coathup
- Biionix Cluster, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Sudipta Seal
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Biionix Cluster, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Luiz A. Pessan
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Harb SV, Kolanthai E, Backes EH, Beatrice CAG, Pinto LA, Nunes ACC, Selistre-de-Araújo HS, Costa LC, Seal S, Pessan LA. Effect of Silicon Dioxide and Magnesium Oxide on the Printability, Degradability, Mechanical Strength and Bioactivity of 3D Printed Poly (Lactic Acid)-Tricalcium Phosphate Composite Scaffolds. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:223-242. [PMID: 37856070 PMCID: PMC10825090 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is a biodegradable polyester that has been exploited for a variety of biomedical applications, including tissue engineering. The incorporation of β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) into PLA has imparted bioactivity to the polymeric matrix. METHODS We have modified a 90%PLA-10%TCP composite with SiO2 and MgO (1, 5 and 10 wt%), separately, to further enhance the material bioactivity. Filaments were prepared by extrusion, and scaffolds were fabricated using 3D printing technology associated with fused filament fabrication. RESULTS The PLA-TCP-SiO2 composites presented similar structural, thermal, and rheological properties to control PLA and PLA-TCP. In contrast, the PLA-TCP-MgO composites displayed absence of crystallinity, lower polymeric molecular weight, accelerated degradation ratio, and decreased viscosity within the 3D printing shear rate range. SiO2 and MgO particles were homogeneously dispersed within the PLA and their incorporation increased the roughness and protein adsorption of the scaffold, compared to a PLA-TCP scaffold. This favorable surface modification promoted cell proliferation, suggesting that SiO2 and MgO may have potential for enhancing the bio-integration of scaffolds in tissue engineering applications. However, high loads of MgO accelerated the polymeric degradation, leading to an acid environment that imparted the composite biocompatibility. The presence of SiO2 stimulated mesenchymal stem cells differentiation towards osteoblast; enhancing extracellular matrix mineralization, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and bone-related genes expression. CONCLUSION The PLA-10%TCP-10%SiO2 composite presented the most promising results, especially for bone tissue regeneration, due to its intense osteogenic behavior. PLA-10%TCP-10%SiO2 could be used as an alternative implant for bone tissue engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarah V Harb
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
| | - Elayaraja Kolanthai
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Eduardo H Backes
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Cesar A G Beatrice
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A Pinto
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina C Nunes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Heloisa S Selistre-de-Araújo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Lidiane C Costa
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Sudipta Seal
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
- Biionix Cluster, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Luiz Antonio Pessan
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
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Trentin A, Harb SV, Uvida MC, Pulcinelli SH, Santilli CV, Marcoen K, Pletincx S, Terryn H, Hauffman T, Hammer P. Dual Role of Lithium on the Structure and Self-Healing Ability of PMMA-Silica Coatings on AA7075 Alloy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:40629-40641. [PMID: 31589404 DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work, structural and active corrosion inhibition effects induced by lithium ion addition in organic-inorganic coatings based on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-silica sol-gel coatings have been investigated. The addition of increasing amounts of lithium carbonate (0, 500, 1000, and 2000 ppm), yielded homogeneous hybrid coatings with increased connectivity of nanometric silica cross-link nodes, covalently linked to the PMMA matrix, and improved adhesion to the aluminum substrate (AA7075). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), performed in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution, showed that the improved structural properties of coatings with higher lithium loadings result in an increased corrosion resistance, with an impedance modulus up to 50 GΩ cm2, and revealed that the lithium induced self-healing ability significantly improves their durability. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggest that the regeneration process occurs by means of lithium ions leaching from the adjacent coating toward the corrosion spot, which is restored by a protective layer of precipitated Li rich aluminum hydroxide species. An analogue mechanism has been proposed for artificially scratched coatings presenting an increase of the impedance modulus after salt spray test compared to the lithium free coating. These results evidence the active role of lithium ions in improving the passive barrier of the PMMA-silica coating and in providing through the self-restoring ability a significantly extended service life of AA7075 alloy exposed to saline environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Trentin
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Institute of Chemistry , 14800-060 Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Samarah V Harb
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Institute of Chemistry , 14800-060 Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Mayara C Uvida
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Institute of Chemistry , 14800-060 Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Sandra H Pulcinelli
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Institute of Chemistry , 14800-060 Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Celso V Santilli
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Institute of Chemistry , 14800-060 Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Kristof Marcoen
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Department of Materials and Chemistry, Research Group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering , Pleinlaan 2 , 1050 Brussels , Belgium
| | - Sven Pletincx
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Department of Materials and Chemistry, Research Group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering , Pleinlaan 2 , 1050 Brussels , Belgium
| | - Herman Terryn
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Department of Materials and Chemistry, Research Group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering , Pleinlaan 2 , 1050 Brussels , Belgium
| | - Tom Hauffman
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Department of Materials and Chemistry, Research Group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering , Pleinlaan 2 , 1050 Brussels , Belgium
| | - Peter Hammer
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Institute of Chemistry , 14800-060 Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
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Trentin A, Harb SV, Uvida MC, Pulcinelli SH, Santilli CV, Marcoen K, Pletincx S, Terryn H, Hauffman T, Hammer P. Dual Role of Lithium on the Structure and Self-Healing Ability of PMMA-Silica Coatings on AA7075 Alloy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:40629-40641. [PMID: 31589404 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, structural and active corrosion inhibition effects induced by lithium ion addition in organic-inorganic coatings based on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-silica sol-gel coatings have been investigated. The addition of increasing amounts of lithium carbonate (0, 500, 1000, and 2000 ppm), yielded homogeneous hybrid coatings with increased connectivity of nanometric silica cross-link nodes, covalently linked to the PMMA matrix, and improved adhesion to the aluminum substrate (AA7075). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), performed in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution, showed that the improved structural properties of coatings with higher lithium loadings result in an increased corrosion resistance, with an impedance modulus up to 50 GΩ cm2, and revealed that the lithium induced self-healing ability significantly improves their durability. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggest that the regeneration process occurs by means of lithium ions leaching from the adjacent coating toward the corrosion spot, which is restored by a protective layer of precipitated Li rich aluminum hydroxide species. An analogue mechanism has been proposed for artificially scratched coatings presenting an increase of the impedance modulus after salt spray test compared to the lithium free coating. These results evidence the active role of lithium ions in improving the passive barrier of the PMMA-silica coating and in providing through the self-restoring ability a significantly extended service life of AA7075 alloy exposed to saline environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Trentin
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Institute of Chemistry , 14800-060 Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Samarah V Harb
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Institute of Chemistry , 14800-060 Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Mayara C Uvida
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Institute of Chemistry , 14800-060 Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Sandra H Pulcinelli
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Institute of Chemistry , 14800-060 Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Celso V Santilli
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Institute of Chemistry , 14800-060 Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Kristof Marcoen
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Department of Materials and Chemistry, Research Group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering , Pleinlaan 2 , 1050 Brussels , Belgium
| | - Sven Pletincx
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Department of Materials and Chemistry, Research Group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering , Pleinlaan 2 , 1050 Brussels , Belgium
| | - Herman Terryn
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Department of Materials and Chemistry, Research Group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering , Pleinlaan 2 , 1050 Brussels , Belgium
| | - Tom Hauffman
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Department of Materials and Chemistry, Research Group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering , Pleinlaan 2 , 1050 Brussels , Belgium
| | - Peter Hammer
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Institute of Chemistry , 14800-060 Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
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Torrico RF, Harb SV, Trentin A, Uvida MC, Pulcinelli SH, Santilli CV, Hammer P. Structure and properties of epoxy-siloxane-silica nanocomposite coatings for corrosion protection. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 513:617-628. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Harb SV, Pulcinelli SH, Santilli CV, Knowles KM, Hammer P. A Comparative Study on Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotube Reinforcement of PMMA-Siloxane-Silica Anticorrosive Coatings. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:16339-16350. [PMID: 27266403 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene oxide (GO) have been used to reinforce PMMA-siloxane-silica nanocomposites considered to be promising candidates for environmentally compliant anticorrosive coatings. The organic-inorganic hybrids were prepared by benzoyl peroxide (BPO)-induced polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) covalently bonded through 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MPTS) to silica domains formed by hydrolytic condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). Single-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide nanosheets were dispersed by surfactant addition and in a water/ethanol solution, respectively. These were added to PMMA-siloxane-silica hybrids at a carbon (CNT or GO) to silicon (TEOS and MPTS) molar ratio of 0.05% in two different matrices, both prepared at BPO/MMA molar ratios of 0.01 and 0.05. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed very smooth, homogeneous, and defect-free surfaces of approximately 3-7 μm thick coatings deposited onto A1020 carbon steel by dip coating. Mechanical testing and thermogravimetric analysis confirmed that both additives CNT and GO improved the scratch resistance, adhesion, wear resistance, and thermal stability of PMMA-siloxane-silica coatings. Results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 3.5% NaCl solution, discussed in terms of equivalent circuits, showed that the reinforced hybrid coatings act as a very efficient anticorrosive barrier with an impedance modulus up to 1 GΩ cm(2), approximately 5 orders of magnitude higher than that of bare carbon steel. In the case of GO addition, the high corrosion resistance was maintained for more than 6 months in saline medium. These results suggest that both carbon nanostructures can be used as structural reinforcement agents, improving the thermal and mechanical resistance of high performance anticorrosive PMMA-siloxane-silica coatings and thus extending their application range to abrasive environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarah V Harb
- Instituto de Química, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista , 14800-060 Araraquara/SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra H Pulcinelli
- Instituto de Química, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista , 14800-060 Araraquara/SP, Brazil
| | - Celso V Santilli
- Instituto de Química, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista , 14800-060 Araraquara/SP, Brazil
| | - Kevin M Knowles
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge , 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, England
| | - Peter Hammer
- Instituto de Química, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista , 14800-060 Araraquara/SP, Brazil
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dos Santos FC, Harb SV, Menu MJ, Turq V, Pulcinelli SH, Santilli CV, Hammer P. On the structure of high performance anticorrosive PMMA–siloxane–silica hybrid coatings. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20885h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmentally compliant organic–inorganic hybrid coatings for efficient corrosion protection of metallic surfaces are potential alternatives to the current method based on chromate passivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samarah V. Harb
- Instituto de Química
- UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista
- 14800-060 Araraquara
- Brazil
| | | | - Viviane Turq
- Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III
- 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9
- France
| | | | - Celso V. Santilli
- Instituto de Química
- UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista
- 14800-060 Araraquara
- Brazil
| | - Peter Hammer
- Instituto de Química
- UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista
- 14800-060 Araraquara
- Brazil
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