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Mouawad C, Awad MK, Liegeois S, Ferrandon D, Sanchis-Borja V, El Chamy L. The NF-κB factor Relish is essential for the epithelial defenses protecting against δ-endotoxin dependent effects of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis infection in the Drosophila model. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104089. [PMID: 37348743 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis is largely regarded as the most selective, safe and ecofriendly biopesticide used for the control of insect vectors of human diseases. Bti enthomopathogenicity relies on the Cry and Cyt δ-endotoxins, produced as crystalline inclusions during sporulation. Insecticidal selectivity of Bti is mainly ascribed to the binding of the Cry toxins to receptors in the gut of target insects. However, the contribution of epithelial defenses in limiting Bti side effects in non-target species remains largely unexplored. Here, taking advantage of the genetically tractable Drosophila melanogaster model and its amenability for deciphering highly conserved innate immune defenses, we unravel a central role of the NF-κB factor Relish in the protection against the effects of ingested Bti spores in a non-susceptible host. Intriguingly, our data indicate that the Bti-induced Relish response is independent of its canonical activation downstream of peptidoglycan sensing and does not involve its longstanding role in the regulation of antimicrobial peptides encoding genes. In contrast, our data highlight a novel enterocyte specific function of Relish that is essential for preventing general septicemia following Bti oral infections strictly when producing δ-endotoxins. Altogether, our data provide novel insights into Bti-hosts interactions of prominent interest for the optimization and sustainability of insects' biocontrol strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Mouawad
- Unité de Recherche Environnement, Génomique et Protéomique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth-Liban, Mar Roukos, Mkalles, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Mireille Kallassy Awad
- Unité de Recherche Environnement, Génomique et Protéomique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth-Liban, Mar Roukos, Mkalles, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Samuel Liegeois
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Modèles Insectes de l'Immunité Innée, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Dominique Ferrandon
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Modèles Insectes de l'Immunité Innée, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Vincent Sanchis-Borja
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Laure El Chamy
- Unité de Recherche Environnement, Génomique et Protéomique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth-Liban, Mar Roukos, Mkalles, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing has revealed distinct subpopulations of hemocytes in fruit fly larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Liegeois
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, UPR 9022 du CNRSStrasbourgFrance
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Dominique Ferrandon
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, UPR 9022 du CNRSStrasbourgFrance
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Cronin SJF, Nehme NT, Limmer S, Liegeois S, Pospisilik JA, Schramek D, Leibbrandt A, Simoes RDM, Gruber S, Puc U, Ebersberger I, Zoranovic T, Neely GG, von Haeseler A, Ferrandon D, Penninger JM. Genome-wide RNAi screen identifies genes involved in intestinal pathogenic bacterial infection. Science 2009; 325:340-3. [PMID: 19520911 PMCID: PMC2975362 DOI: 10.1126/science.1173164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Innate immunity represents the first line of defense in animals. We report a genome-wide in vivo Drosophila RNA interference screen to uncover genes involved in susceptibility or resistance to intestinal infection with the bacterium Serratia marcescens. We first employed whole-organism gene suppression, followed by tissue-specific silencing in gut epithelium or hemocytes to identify several hundred genes involved in intestinal antibacterial immunity. Among the pathways identified, we showed that the JAK-STAT signaling pathway controls host defense in the gut by regulating stem cell proliferation and thus epithelial cell homeostasis. Therefore, we revealed multiple genes involved in antibacterial defense and the regulation of innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane J. F. Cronin
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine T. Nehme
- Equipe Fondation Recherche Médicale, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stefanie Limmer
- Equipe Fondation Recherche Médicale, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Samuel Liegeois
- Equipe Fondation Recherche Médicale, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - J. Andrew Pospisilik
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Schramek
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Leibbrandt
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ricardo de Matos Simoes
- Center for Integrative Bioinformatics (CIBIV), University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Gruber
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Urszula Puc
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingo Ebersberger
- Center for Integrative Bioinformatics (CIBIV), University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Tamara Zoranovic
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - G. Gregory Neely
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arndt von Haeseler
- Center for Integrative Bioinformatics (CIBIV), University of Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominique Ferrandon
- Equipe Fondation Recherche Médicale, UPR 9022 du CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Josef M. Penninger
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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Hao L, Mukherjee K, Liegeois S, Baillie D, Labouesse M, Bürglin TR. The hedgehog-related gene qua-1 is required for molting in Caenorhabditis elegans. Dev Dyn 2007; 235:1469-81. [PMID: 16502424 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.20721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Caenorhabditis elegans genome encodes ten proteins that share similarity with Hedgehog through the C-terminal Hint/Hog domain. While most genes are members of larger gene families, qua-1 is a single copy gene. Here we show that orthologs of qua-1 exist in many nematodes, including Brugia malayi, which shared a common ancestor with C. elegans about 300 million years ago. The QUA-1 proteins contain an N-terminal domain, the Qua domain, that is highly conserved, but whose molecular function is not known. We have studied the expression pattern of qua-1 in C. elegans using a qua-1::GFP transcriptional fusion. qua-1 is mainly expressed in hyp1 to hyp11 hypodermal cells, but not in seam cells. It is also expressed in intestinal and rectal cells, sensilla support cells, and the P cell lineage in L1. The expression of qua-1::GFP undergoes cyclical changes during development in phase with the molting cycle. It accumulates prior to molting and disappears between molts. Disruption of the qua-1 gene function through an internal deletion that causes a frame shift with premature stop in the middle of the gene results in strong lethality. The animals arrest in the early larval stages due to defects in molting. Electron microscopy reveals double cuticles due to defective ecdysis, but no obvious defects are seen in the hypodermis. Qua domain-only::GFP and full-length QUA-1::GFP fusion constructs are secreted and associated with the overlying cuticle, but only QUA-1::GFP rescues the mutant phenotype. Our results suggest that both the Hint/Hog domain and Qua domain are critically required for the function of QUA-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Hao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, and Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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