1
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Fan X, Ważyńska MA, Kol A, Perujo Holland N, Fernandes B, van Duijnhoven SMJ, Plat A, van Eenennaam H, Elsinga PH, Nijman HW, de Bruyn M. Development of [ 89Zr]Zr-hCD103.Fab01A and [ 68Ga]Ga-hCD103.Fab01A for PET imaging to noninvasively assess cancer reactive T cell infiltration: Fab-based CD103 immunoPET. EJNMMI Res 2023; 13:100. [PMID: 37985555 PMCID: PMC10661679 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-023-01043-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD103 is an integrin specifically expressed on the surface of cancer-reactive T cells. The number of CD103+ T cells significantly increases during successful immunotherapy and might therefore be an attractive biomarker for noninvasive PET imaging of immunotherapy response. Since the long half-life of antibodies preclude repeat imaging of CD103+ T cell dynamics early in therapy, we therefore here explored PET imaging with CD103 Fab fragments radiolabeled with a longer (89Zr) and shorter-lived radionuclide (68Ga). METHODS Antihuman CD103 Fab fragment Fab01A was radiolabeled with 89Zr or 68Ga, generating [89Zr]Zr-hCD103.Fab01A and [68Ga]Ga-hCD103.Fab01A, respectively. In vivo evaluation of these tracers was performed in male nude mice (BALB/cOlaHsd-Foxn1nu) with established CD103-expressing CHO (CHO.CD103) or CHO-wildtype (CHO.K1) xenografts, followed by serial PET imaging and ex vivo bio-distribution. RESULTS [89Zr]Zr-hCD103.Fab01A showed high tracer uptake in CD103+ xenografts as early as 3 h post-injection. However, the background signal remained high in the 3- and 6-h scans. The background was relatively low at 24 h after injection with sufficient tumor uptake. [68Ga]Ga-hCD103.Fab01Ashowed acceptable uptake and signal-to-noise ratio in CD103+ xenografts after 3 h, which decreased at subsequent time points. CONCLUSION [89Zr]Zr-hCD103.Fab01A demonstrated a relatively low background and high xenograft uptake in scans as early as 6 h post-injection and could be explored for repeat imaging during immunotherapy in clinical trials. 18F or 64Cu could be explored as alternative to 68Ga in optimizing half-life and radiation burden of the tracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Fan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marta A Ważyńska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan Kol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Noemi Perujo Holland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bruna Fernandes
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Annechien Plat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Philip H Elsinga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans W Nijman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco de Bruyn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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2
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Segués A, van Duijnhoven SMJ, Parade M, Driessen L, Vukovic N, Zaiss D, Sijts AJAM, Berraondo P, van Elsas A. Generation and characterization of novel co-stimulatory anti-mouse TNFR2 antibodies. J Immunol Methods 2021; 499:113173. [PMID: 34699840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2) has gained much research interest in recent years because of its potential pivotal role in autoimmune disease and cancer. However, its function in regulating different immune cells is not well understood. There is a need for well-characterized reagents to selectively modulate TNFR2 function, thereby enabling definition of TNFR2-dependent biology in human and mouse surrogate models. Here, we describe the generation, production, purification, and characterization of a panel of novel antibodies targeting mouse TNFR2. The antibodies display functional differences in binding affinity and potency to block TNFα. Furthermore, epitope binding showed that the anti-mTNFR2 antibodies target different domains on the TNFR2 protein, associated with varying capacity to enhance CD8+ T-cell activation and costimulation. Moreover, the anti-TNFR2 antibodies demonstrate binding to isolated splenic mouse Tregs ex vivo and activated CD8+ cells, reinforcing their potential use to establish TNFR2-dependent immune modulation in translational models of autoimmunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Segués
- Aduro Biotech Europe, Oss, the Netherlands; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Nataša Vukovic
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Dietmar Zaiss
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Institute of Immune Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alice J A M Sijts
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Division of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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3
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Cremers GAO, Rosier BJHM, Meijs A, Tito NB, van Duijnhoven SMJ, van Eenennaam H, Albertazzi L, de Greef TFA. Determinants of Ligand-Functionalized DNA Nanostructure-Cell Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10131-10142. [PMID: 34180666 PMCID: PMC8283757 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Synthesis of ligand-functionalized
nanomaterials with control over
size, shape, and ligand orientation facilitates the design of targeted
nanomedicines for therapeutic purposes. DNA nanotechnology has emerged
as a powerful tool to rationally construct two- and three-dimensional
nanostructures, enabling site-specific incorporation of protein ligands
with control over stoichiometry and orientation. To efficiently target
cell surface receptors, exploration of the parameters that modulate
cellular accessibility of these nanostructures is essential. In this
study, we systematically investigate tunable design parameters of
antibody-functionalized DNA nanostructures binding to therapeutically
relevant receptors, including the programmed cell death protein 1,
the epidermal growth factor receptor, and the human epidermal growth
factor receptor 2. We show that, although the native affinity of antibody-functionalized
DNA nanostructures remains unaltered, the absolute number of bound
surface receptors is lower compared to soluble antibodies due to receptor
accessibility by the nanostructure. We explore structural determinants
of this phenomenon to improve efficiency, revealing that receptor
binding is mainly governed by nanostructure size and DNA handle location.
The obtained results provide key insights in the ability of ligand-functionalized
DNA nanostructures to bind surface receptors and yields design rules
for optimal cellular targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn A O Cremers
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Computational Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bas J H M Rosier
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Computational Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ab Meijs
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Computational Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas B Tito
- Electric Ant Lab, Science Park 106, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans van Eenennaam
- Aduro Biotech Europe B.V., Kloosterstraat 9, 5349 AB Oss, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Molecular Biosensing for Medical Diagnostics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tom F A de Greef
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Computational Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Center for Living Technologies, Eindhoven-Wageningen-Utrecht Alliance, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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4
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Huang S, van Duijnhoven SMJ, Sijts AJAM, van Elsas A. Bispecific antibodies targeting dual tumor-associated antigens in cancer therapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:3111-3122. [PMID: 32989604 PMCID: PMC7679314 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) have emerged as a leading drug class for cancer therapy and are becoming increasingly of interest for therapeutic applications. As of April 2020, over 123 BsAbs are under clinical evaluation for use in oncology (including the two marketed BsAbs Blinatumomab and Catumaxomab). The majority (82 of 123) of BsAbs under clinical evaluation can be categorized as bispecific immune cell engager whereas a second less well-discussed subclass of BsAbs targets two tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). In this review, we summarize the clinical development of dual TAAs targeting BsAbs and provide an overview of critical considerations when designing dual TAA targeting BsAbs. METHODS Herein the relevant literature and clinical trials published in English until April 1st 2020 were searched using PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov database. BsAbs were considered to be active in clinic if their clinical trials were not terminated, withdrawn or completed before 2018 without reporting results. Data missed by searching ClinicalTrials.gov was manually curated. RESULTS Dual TAAs targeting BsAbs offer several advantages including increased tumor selectivity, potential to concurrently modulate two functional pathways in the tumor cell and may yield improved payload delivery. CONCLUSIONS Dual TAAs targeting BsAbs represent a valuable class of biologics and early stage clinical studies have demonstrated promising anti-tumor efficacy in both hematologic malignancies and solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Huang
- Aduro Biotech Europe, Oss, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alice J A M Sijts
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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5
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Rossin R, van Duijnhoven SMJ, Ten Hoeve W, Janssen HM, Kleijn LHJ, Hoeben FJM, Versteegen RM, Robillard MS. Triggered Drug Release from an Antibody-Drug Conjugate Using Fast "Click-to-Release" Chemistry in Mice. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:1697-706. [PMID: 27306828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of a bioorthogonal reaction for the selective cleavage of tumor-bound antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) would represent a powerful new tool for ADC therapy, as it would not rely on the currently used intracellular biological activation mechanisms, thereby expanding the scope to noninternalizing cancer targets. Here we report that the recently developed inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder pyridazine elimination reaction can provoke rapid and self-immolative release of doxorubicin from an ADC in vitro and in tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Rossin
- Tagworks Pharmaceuticals , High Tech Campus 11, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Henk M Janssen
- SyMO-Chem , Het Kranenveld 14, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Freek J M Hoeben
- SyMO-Chem , Het Kranenveld 14, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ron M Versteegen
- SyMO-Chem , Het Kranenveld 14, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marc S Robillard
- Tagworks Pharmaceuticals , High Tech Campus 11, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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6
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van Duijnhoven SMJ, Rossin R, van den Bosch SM, Wheatcroft MP, Hudson PJ, Robillard MS. Diabody Pretargeting with Click Chemistry In Vivo. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:1422-8. [PMID: 26159589 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.159145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Radioimmunotherapy and nuclear imaging (immuno-PET/SPECT) of cancer with radiometal-labeled antibody fragments or peptides is hampered by low tumor-to-kidney ratios because of high renal radiometal retention. Therefore, we developed and evaluated a pretargeting strategy using click chemistry in vivo to reduce kidney uptake and avoid unwanted radiation toxicity. We focused on the bioorthogonal reaction between a trans-cyclooctene (TCO)-functionalized TAG72 targeting diabody, AVP04-07, and a low-molecular-weight radiolabeled tetrazine probe that was previously shown to have low kidney retention and relatively fast renal clearance. METHODS AVP04-07 diabodies were functionalized with TCO tags, and in vitro immunoreactivity toward bovine submaxillary mucin and tetrazine reactivity were assessed. Next, pretargeting biodistribution studies were performed in LS174T tumor-bearing mice with AVP04-07-TCO(n) (where n indicates the number of TCO groups per diabody) and radiolabeled tetrazine to optimize the TCO modification grade (0, 1.8, or 4.7 TCO groups per diabody) and the (177)Lu-tetrazine dose (0.1, 1.0, or 10 Eq with respect to the diabody). Radiolabeled tetrazine was injected at 47 h after diabody injection, and mice were euthanized 3 h later. A pretargeting SPECT/CT study with (111)In-tetrazine was performed with the optimized conditions. RESULTS Immunoreactivity for native AVP04-07 was similar to that for TCO-functionalized AVP04-07, and the latter reacted efficiently with radiolabeled tetrazine in vitro. The combination of the pretargeting component AVP04-07 functionalized with 4.7 TCO groups and 1 Eq of (177)Lu-tetrazine with respect to the diabody showed the most promising biodistribution. Specifically, high (177)Lu-tetrazine tumor uptake (6.9 percentage injected dose/g) was observed with low renal retention, yielding a tumor-to-kidney ratio of 5.7. SPECT/CT imaging confirmed the predominant accumulation of radiolabeled tetrazine in the tumor and low nontumor retention. CONCLUSION Pretargeting provides an alternative radioimmunotherapy and nuclear imaging strategy by overcoming the high renal retention of low-molecular-weight radiometal tumor-homing agents through the separate administration of a tumor-homing agent and a radioactive probe with fast clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raffaella Rossin
- Tagworks Pharmaceuticals, Eindhoven, The Netherlands Oncology Solutions, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra M van den Bosch
- Precision and Decentralized Diagnostics, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; and
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7
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van Duijnhoven SMJ, Robillard MS, Langereis S, Grüll H. Bioresponsive probes for molecular imaging: concepts and in vivo applications. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2015; 10:282-308. [PMID: 25873263 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging is a powerful tool to visualize and characterize biological processes at the cellular and molecular level in vivo. In most molecular imaging approaches, probes are used to bind to disease-specific biomarkers highlighting disease target sites. In recent years, a new subset of molecular imaging probes, known as bioresponsive molecular probes, has been developed. These probes generally benefit from signal enhancement at the site of interaction with its target. There are mainly two classes of bioresponsive imaging probes. The first class consists of probes that show direct activation of the imaging label (from "off" to "on" state) and have been applied in optical imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The other class consists of probes that show specific retention of the imaging label at the site of target interaction and these probes have found application in all different imaging modalities, including photoacoustic imaging and nuclear imaging. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of bioresponsive imaging probes in order to discuss the various molecular imaging strategies. The focus of the present article is the rationale behind the design of bioresponsive molecular imaging probes and their potential in vivo application for the detection of endogenous molecular targets in pathologies such as cancer and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander M J van Duijnhoven
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Minimally Invasive Healthcare, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marc S Robillard
- Department of Minimally Invasive Healthcare, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Langereis
- Department of Minimally Invasive Healthcare, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Holger Grüll
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Minimally Invasive Healthcare, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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8
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Rossin R, van Duijnhoven SMJ, Läppchen T, van den Bosch SM, Robillard MS. Trans-cyclooctene tag with improved properties for tumor pretargeting with the diels-alder reaction. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:3090-6. [PMID: 25077373 DOI: 10.1021/mp500275a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) of solid tumors is hampered by low tumor-to-nontumor (T/NT) ratios of the radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies resulting in low tumor doses in patients. Pretargeting technologies can improve the effectiveness of RIT in cancer therapy by increasing this ratio. We showed that a pretargeting strategy employing in vivo chemistry in combination with clearing agents, proceeds efficiently in tumor-bearing mice resulting in high T/NT ratios. A dosimetry study indicated that the chemical pretargeting technology, which centered on the bioorthogonal Diels-Alder click reaction between a radiolabeled tetrazine probe and a trans-cyclooctene-oxymethylbenzamide-tagged CC49 antibody (CC49-TCO(1)), can match the performance of clinically validated high-affinity biological pretargeting approaches in mice ( Rossin J Nucl Med. 2013 , 54 , 1989 - 1995 ). Nevertheless, the increased protein surface hydrophobicity of CC49-TCO(1) led to a relatively rapid blood clearance and concomitant reduced tumor uptake compared to native CC49 antibody. Here, we present the in vivo evaluation of a TCO-oxymethylacetamide-tagged CC49 antibody (CC49-TCO(2)), which is highly reactive toward tetrazines and less hydrophobic than CC49-TCO(1). CC49-TCO(2) was administered to healthy mice to determine its blood clearance and the in vivo stability of the TCO. Next, pretargeting biodistribution and SPECT studies with CC49-TCO(2), tetrazine-functionalized clearing agent, and radiolabeled tetrazine were carried out in nude mice bearing colon carcinoma xenografts (LS174T). CC49-TCO(2) had an increased circulation half-life, a 1.5-fold higher tumor uptake, and a 2.6-fold improved in vivo TCO stability compared to the more hydrophobic TCO-benzamide-CC49. As a consequence, and despite the 2-fold lower reactivity of CC49-TCO(2) toward tetrazines compared with CC49-TCO(1), administration of radiolabeled tetrazine afforded a significantly increased tumor accumulation and improved T/NT ratios in mice pretargeted with CC49-TCO(2). In conclusion, the TCO-acetamide derivative represents a large improvement in in vivo Diels-Alder pretargeting, possibly enabling application in larger animals and eventually humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Rossin
- Tagworks Pharmaceuticals , High Tech Campus 11, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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9
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van Duijnhoven SMJ, Robillard MS, Nicolay K, Grüll H. In vivo biodistribution of radiolabeled MMP-2/9 activatable cell-penetrating peptide probes in tumor-bearing mice. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2014; 10:59-66. [PMID: 24823643 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a pivotal role in cancer progression and present therefore an interesting biomarker for early diagnosis, staging and therapy evaluation. Consequently, MMP-specific molecular imaging probes have been proposed for noninvasive visualization and quantification of MMP activity. An interesting approach is MMP-2/9 activatable cell-penetrating peptides (ACPP) that accumulate in the tumor tissue after activation. However, a recent study revealed that probe activation occurred already in the vasculature followed by nonspecific tumor targeting. In the latter study, biodistribution was determined 6 and 24 h post-ACPP injection. An alternative explanation could still be that the kinetics of tumor-specific activation is faster than that of blood activation plus subsequent nonspecific uptake in tumor. The aim of this study was to assess if tumor-specific ACPP activation occurs in mice with MMP-2/9 positive subcutaneous HT-1080 tumors at 3 h post-injection. As control, we studied the MMP-2/9 sensitive ACPP in mice bearing subcutaneous BT-20 tumors with low MMP-2/9 expression to test if probe cleavage correlates with tumoral MMP expression. Ex vivo biodistribution showed no improved tumoral ACPP activation in HT-1080 tumor-bearing mice at 3 h post-injection compared with previous reported data collected at 24 h post-injection. Furthermore, tumoral uptake and relative tumoral activation for ACPP were similar in both BT-20 and HT-1080 tumor-bearing mice. In conclusion, this study suggests that tumoral ACPP uptake in these tumor models originates from probe activation in the vasculature instead of tumor-specific MMP activation. Novel ACPPs that target tissue-specific proteases without nonspecific activation may unleash the full potential of the elegant ACPP concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander M J van Duijnhoven
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Center for Imaging Research and Education, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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10
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Starmans LWE, van Duijnhoven SMJ, Rossin R, Aime S, Daemen MJAP, Nicolay K, Grüll H. SPECT imaging of fibrin using fibrin-binding peptides. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2013; 8:229-37. [PMID: 23606426 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive detection of fibrin in vivo using diagnostic imaging modalities may improve clinical decision-making on possible therapeutic options in atherosclerosis, cancer and thrombus-related pathologies such as pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of a novel (111)In-labeled fibrin-binding peptide (FibPep) to visualize thrombi in mice noninvasively using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). FibPep and a negative control peptide (NCFibPep) were synthesized and their fibrin-binding properties were assessed in vitro. FibPep showed enhanced binding compared with NCFibPep to both fibrin and blood clots. FibPep bound to fibrin with a dissociation constant (K(d)) of 0.8 μ m, whereas NCFibPep displayed at least a 100-fold lower affinity towards fibrin. A FeCl3 -injury carotid artery thrombosis mouse model was used to evaluate the peptides in vivo. FibPep and NCFibPep displayed rapid blood clearance and were eliminated via the renal pathway. In vivo SPECT imaging using FibPep allowed clear visualization of thrombi. Ex vivo biodistribution showed significantly increased uptake of FibPep in the thrombus-containing carotid in comparison to the noninjured carotid (5.7 ± 0.7 and 0.6 ± 0.4% injected dose per gram (%ID g(-1)), respectively; p < 0.01; n = 4), whereas nonspecific NCFibPep did not (0.4 ± 0.2 and 0.3 ± 0.0%ID g(-1), respectively; n = 4). In conclusion, FibPep displayed high affinity towards fibrin in vitro and rapid blood clearance in vivo, and allowed sensitive detection of thrombi using SPECT imaging. Therefore, this particular imaging approach may provide a new tool to diagnose and monitor diseases such as atherosclerosis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas W E Starmans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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11
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Starmans LWE, van Duijnhoven SMJ, Rossin R, Berben M, Aime S, Daemen MJAP, Nicolay K, Grüll H. Evaluation of 111In-Labeled EPep and FibPep as Tracers for Fibrin SPECT Imaging. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:4309-21. [DOI: 10.1021/mp400406x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas W. E. Starmans
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center for Imaging Research and Education (CIRE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sander M. J. van Duijnhoven
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center for Imaging Research and Education (CIRE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Raffaella Rossin
- Center for Imaging Research and Education (CIRE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department
of Minimally Invasive Healthcare, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Monique Berben
- Center for Imaging Research and Education (CIRE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department
of Minimally Invasive Healthcare, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Silvio Aime
- Department
of Chemistry IFM and Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mat J. A. P. Daemen
- Department
of Pathology, Academical Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nicolay
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center for Imaging Research and Education (CIRE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Holger Grüll
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Center for Imaging Research and Education (CIRE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department
of Minimally Invasive Healthcare, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Vinkenborg JL, van Duijnhoven SMJ, Merkx M. Reengineering of a fluorescent zinc sensor protein yields the first genetically encoded cadmium probe. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:11879-81. [PMID: 21986860 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc14944j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of a (Cys)(4) metal binding site at the dimerization interface of two fluorescent protein domains yields a chelating FRET sensor protein that shows a 2500-fold selectivity for Cd(2+) over Zn(2+) by taking advantage of their different ionic radii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan L Vinkenborg
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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