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Rossetti MG, Perlini C, Abbiati V, Bonivento C, Caletti E, Fanelli G, Lanfredi M, Lazzaretti M, Pedrini L, Piccin S, Porcelli S, Sala M, Serretti A, Bellani M, Brambilla P. The Italian version of the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders: performance of patients with bipolar disorder and healthy controls. Compr Psychiatry 2022; 117:152335. [PMID: 35841657 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cognitive deficits in Bipolar Disorder (BD) are significant enough to have an impact on daily functioning. Therefore, appropriate tools must be used to improve our understanding of the nature and severity of cognitive deficits in BD. In this study, we aimed to compare the cognitive profiles of patients with BD and healthy controls (HC) applying the Italian version of the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders (BAC-A). METHODS This cross-sectional study included 127 patients with BD and 134 HC. The participants' cognitive profiles were evaluated using the Italian version of the BAC-A, which assesses verbal memory, working memory, motor speed, verbal fluency, attention & processing speed, executive functions, and two new measures of affective processing. The BAC-A raw scores were corrected using the normative data for the Italian population. In addition, we explored whether intelligence quotient (IQ) and specific clinical variables would predict the BAC-A affective, non-affective, and total composite scores of patients with BD and HC. RESULTS HC performed better than patients with BD in all BAC-A subtests (all p < .001), except for subtests of the Affective Interference Test. (p ≥ .05). The effect sizes varied in magnitude and ranged between d = 0.02 and d = 1.27. In patients with BD, lower BAC-A composite scores were predicted by a higher number of hospitalizations. There was a significant association between IQ and BAC-A composite scores in both bipolar patients and HC. CONCLUSIONS The Italian BAC-A is sensitive to the cognitive impairments of patients with BD in both affective and non-affective cognitive domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gloria Rossetti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vera Abbiati
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- IRCCS "E. Medea", Polo Friuli Venezia Giulia, San Vito al Tagliamento (PN), Italy
| | - Elisabetta Caletti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fanelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariangela Lanfredi
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Matteo Lazzaretti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Pedrini
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Piccin
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Porcelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Sala
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Nobile M, Maggioni E, Mauri M, Garzitto M, Piccin S, Bonivento C, Giorda R, Girometti R, Tomasino B, Molteni M, Fabbro F, Brambilla P. Brain Anatomical Mediators of GRIN2B Gene Association with Attention/Hyperactivity Problems: An Integrated Genetic-Neuroimaging Study. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081193. [PMID: 34440367 PMCID: PMC8394308 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the genetic and neural determinants of attention and hyperactivity problems. Using a proof-of-concept imaging genetics mediation design, we explore the relationship between the glutamatergic GRIN2B gene variants and inattention/hyperactivity with neuroanatomical measures as intermediates. Fifty-eight children and adolescents were evaluated for behavioral problems at three time points over approximately 7 years. The final assessment included blood drawing for genetic analyses and 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Attention/hyperactivity problems based on the Child Behavior Checklist/6-18, six GRIN2B polymorphisms and regional cortical thickness, and surface area and volume were estimated. Using general linear model (GLM) and mediation analyses, we tested whether GRIN2B exerted an influence on stable inattention/hyperactivity over development, and to what extent this effect was mediated by brain morphology. GLM results enlightened the relation between GRIN2B rs5796555-/A, volume in the left cingulate isthmus and inferior parietal cortices and inattention/hyperactivity. The mediation results showed that rs5796555-/A effect on inattention/hyperactivity was partially mediated by volume in the left isthmus of the cingulate cortex, suggesting a key role of this region in translating glutamatergic GRIN2B variations to attention/hyperactivity problems. This evidence can have important implications in the management of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nobile
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, 22040 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (M.N.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Eleonora Maggioni
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Maddalena Mauri
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, 22040 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (M.N.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Garzitto
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, 33170 Pordenone, Italy; (M.G.); (C.B.); (B.T.); (F.F.)
| | - Sara Piccin
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, 33170 Pordenone, Italy; (M.G.); (C.B.); (B.T.); (F.F.)
| | - Roberto Giorda
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, 22040 Bosisio Parini, Italy;
| | - Rossano Girometti
- Institute of Radiology, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Barbara Tomasino
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, 33170 Pordenone, Italy; (M.G.); (C.B.); (B.T.); (F.F.)
| | - Massimo Molteni
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, 22040 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (M.N.); (M.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Franco Fabbro
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, 33170 Pordenone, Italy; (M.G.); (C.B.); (B.T.); (F.F.)
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-5503-2717
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Pedrini L, Ferrari C, Lanfredi M, Bellani M, Porcelli S, Caletti E, Sala M, Rossetti MG, Piccin S, Dusi N, Balestrieri M, Perlini C, Lazzaretti M, Mandolini GM, Pigoni A, Boscutti A, Bonivento C, Serretti A, Rossi R, Brambilla P. The association of childhood trauma, lifetime stressful events and general psychopathological symptoms in euthymic bipolar patients and healthy subjects. J Affect Disord 2021; 289:66-73. [PMID: 33945916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychopathological symptoms during euthymia in Bipolar Disorder (BD) affect quality of life and predispose to the occurrence of new acute episodes, however only few studies investigated potential risk-factors. This study aims to explore the association between childhood trauma (CT), lifetime stressful events (SLEs) and psychopathological symptoms in BD patients during euthymia and controls (HC). METHODS A total of 261 participants (93 euthymic patients with BD, 168 HC) were enrolled. Generalized linear models and multiple logistic models were used to assess the association among the Symptom Check List-90-R (SCL-90-R), the Infancy Trauma Interview, the Paykel Life Events Scale. RESULTS The rate of participants reporting CT was higher in BD (n=47; 53%) than HC (n=43; 30%) (p=0.001). The experience of neglect was strongly related to BD (OR 6.5; p=0.003). CT was associated to higher scores on the SCL-90-R subscales (all the subscales except Phobia). No effects of the interaction between CT and diagnosis were found on SCL-90-R. Finally, there was a main effect of CT on lifetime SLEs (p<.001), that was not associated with diagnosis (p=0.833), nor with the interaction between CT and diagnosis (p=0.624). LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design does not allow causal inferences; the exclusion of subjects reporting medical or psychiatric comorbidity limits generalizability. CONCLUSIONS CT was associated both to psychopathological symptoms during euthymia and the lifetime SLEs, thus it may represent a vulnerability factor influencing the course of BD. Overall, these data contribute to overcome the limited evidences documenting the influence of environmental factors on euthymic phase in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pedrini
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, via Pilastroni 4, 25125, Italy.
| | - Clarissa Ferrari
- Service of Statistics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, via Pilastroni 4, 25125, Italy
| | - Mariangela Lanfredi
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, via Pilastroni 4, 25125, Italy
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Porcelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Ugo Foscolo 7, 40123 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Caletti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza 28, Milano, Italy
| | - Michela Sala
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Alessandria, via Venezia 6, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Maria Gloria Rossetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza 28, Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Piccin
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, P.le S. Maria della Misericordia 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Nicola Dusi
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza 28, Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Balestrieri
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, P.le S. Maria della Misericordia 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Lazzaretti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza 28, Milano, Italy
| | - Gian Mario Mandolini
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza 28, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pigoni
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza 28, Milano, Italy; MoMiLab Research Unit, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy
| | - Andrea Boscutti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- Scientific Institute IRCCS 'Eugenio Medea', Polo FVG, Via della Bontà 7, 33078 San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Ugo Foscolo 7, 40123 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Rossi
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, via Pilastroni 4, 25125, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza 28, Milano, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milano, Italy
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Maggioni E, Delvecchio G, Grottaroli M, Garzitto M, Piccin S, Bonivento C, Maieron M, D'Agostini S, Perna G, Balestrieri M, Brambilla P. Common and different neural markers in major depression and anxiety disorders: A pilot structural magnetic resonance imaging study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2019; 290:42-50. [PMID: 31279954 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Although anxiety and depression often co-occur and share some clinical features, it is still unclear if they are neurobiologically distinct or similar processes. In this study, we explored common and specific cortical morphology alterations in depression and anxiety disorders. Magnetic Resonance Imaging data were acquired from 13 Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), 11 Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), 11 Panic Disorder (PD) patients and 21 healthy controls (HC). Regional cortical thickness, surface area (SA), volume and gyrification were measured and compared among groups. We found left orbitofrontal thinning in all patient groups, as well as disease-specific alterations. MDD showed volume deficits in left precentral gyrus compared to all groups, volume and area deficits in right fusiform gyrus compared to GAD and HC. GAD showed lower SA than MDD and PD in right superior parietal cortex, higher gyrification than HC in right frontal gyrus. PD showed higher gyrification in left superior parietal cortex when compared to MDD and higher SA in left postcentral gyrus compared to all groups. Our results suggest that clinical phenotypic similarities between major depression and anxiety disorders might rely on common prefrontal alterations. Frontotemporal and parietal abnormalities may represent unique biological signatures of depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Maggioni
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, via F. Sforza 35, Milan, Italy
| | - Marika Grottaroli
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Garzitto
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, via della Bontà 7, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Sara Piccin
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, via Colugna 50, Udine, Italy
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, via della Bontà 7, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Marta Maieron
- Department of Physics, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria 'S.Maria della Misericordia', P.za S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Serena D'Agostini
- Department of Neuroradiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria 'S.Maria della Misericordia', P.za S. Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Perna
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Villa San Benedetto Menni, Hermanas Hospitalarias, via Roma 16, Albese con Cassano, Como, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Balestrieri
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, via Colugna 50, Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, via F. Sforza 35, Milan, Italy.
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Rossetti MG, Bonivento C, Garzitto M, Caletti E, Perlini C, Piccin S, Lazzaretti M, Marinelli V, Sala M, Abbiati V, Rossi R, Lanfredi M, Serretti A, Porcelli S, Bellani M, Brambilla P. The brief assessment of cognition in affective disorders: Normative data for the Italian population. J Affect Disord 2019; 252:245-252. [PMID: 30991252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date there are no validated tests in Italian to assess cognitive functions in Bipolar Disorder. Therefore, this study aimed to provide normative data for the Italian version of the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Affective Disorders (BAC-A), a battery targeting neuro- and affective-cognition in affective disorders. METHODS Data were collected from 228 healthy participants (age range: 18-67; mean age: 34.68 ± 12.15 years) across eight recruiting sites. The influence of age, sex and education was measured and adjusted for using multivariate stepwise regression models. Normative values were established by means of the Equivalent Score approach. RESULTS Most of the BAC-A subtests showed patterns of association with age (inversely associated with overall cognitive performance), education (positively associated with Verbal Memory and Fluency, Digit Sequencing and Affective Processing subtests) and sex (females performed better than males in the Affective Interference Test but worse in the Emotion Inhibition Task, Digit Sequencing and Tower of London). LIMITATIONS The sample size was not sufficiently large for developing stratified norms, using 10-years ranges. Moreover, the participants included in the study were, on average, highly educated. CONCLUSIONS The normative data of the BAC-A provided in this study can serve as a cognitive functioning reference for Italian-speaking participants within the age range of the study sample. This can increase the applicability of this test in both clinical and research settings. The reliability and validity of the Italian BAC-A need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gloria Rossetti
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marco Garzitto
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Pasian di Prato, Udine, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Caletti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Piccin
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Matteo Lazzaretti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Marinelli
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Michela Sala
- Department of Mental health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Vera Abbiati
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Rossi
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mariangela Lanfredi
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Porcelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Texas at Houston, USA.
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6
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Balestri M, Porcelli S, Souery D, Kasper S, Dikeos D, Ferentinos P, Papadimitriou GN, Rujescu D, Martinotti G, Di Nicola M, Janiri L, Caletti E, Mandolini GM, Pigoni A, Paoli RA, Lazzaretti M, Brambilla P, Sala M, Abbiati V, Bellani M, Perlini C, Rossetti MG, Piccin S, Bonivento C, Fabbro D, Damante G, Ferrari C, Rossi R, Pedrini L, Benedetti F, Montgomery S, Zohar J, Mendlewicz J, Serretti A. Temperament and character influence on depression treatment outcome. J Affect Disord 2019; 252:464-474. [PMID: 31005789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND personality features have been repeatedly associated with depression treatment outcome in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), however conclusive results are still lacking. Moreover, as for Bipolar Disorder (BD), results are only few and preliminary. AIM the aim of the present study was to perform an exploratory investigation of the influence of personality traits as assessed by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), on principal depression treatment outcomes (non remission, non response and resistance). METHODS 743 mood disorders patients (455 MDD (61.24%) and 288 BD (38.76%)) were recruited in the context of 6 European studies. Generalized logit models were performed to test the effects of TCI dimensions on treatment outcomes, considering possible confounders such as age, gender and education. Positive results were controlled for comorbidities (anxiety and substance use disorders) as well. RESULTS MDD Non-Remitters showed high Harm Avoidance (HA) and Self Transcendence (ST) (p = 0.0004, d = 0.40; p = 0.007, d = 0.36 respectively) and low Persistence (P) and Self Directedness (SD) (p = 0.05; d = 0.18; p = 0.002, d = 0.40, respectively); MDD Non-Responders showed a slightly different profile with high HA and low Reward Dependence (RD) and SD; finally, MDD Resistants showed low RD, P and Cooperativeness (C). In BD patients, only higher HA in non response was observed. LIMITATIONS the retrospective cross-sectional design, the TCI assessment regardless of the mood state and the small number of bipolar patients represent the main limitations. CONCLUSION specific TCI personality traits are associated with depression treatment outcome in MDD patients. The inclusion of such personality traits, together with other socio-demographic and clinical predictors, could ameliorate the accuracy of the prediction models available to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Balestri
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Porcelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniel Souery
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Centre Européen de Psychologie Médicale-PsyPluriel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Siegfried Kasper
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dimitris Dikeos
- Department of Psychiatry, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Dan Rujescu
- University Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, Scienze Cliniche, University "G.d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Di Nicola
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" - IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Janiri
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" - IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Caletti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Mario Mandolini
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pigoni
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Augusto Paoli
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Lazzaretti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Sala
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Vera Abbiati
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; UOC Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona (AOUI), Italy
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; UOC Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona (AOUI), Italy
| | - Maria Gloria Rossetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; UOC Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona (AOUI), Italy
| | - Sara Piccin
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Dora Fabbro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Udine, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Damante
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Udine, Italy
| | - Clarissa Ferrari
- Service of Statistics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio FBF, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Rossi
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio FBF, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Pedrini
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio FBF, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Joseph Zohar
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
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7
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Squarcina L, Delvecchio G, Nobile M, Mauri M, Madonna D, Bonivento C, Garzitto M, Piccin S, Molteni M, Tomasino B, Bressi C, Fabbro F, Stanley JA, Brambilla P. The Assertive Brain: Anterior Cingulate Phosphocreatine plus Creatine Levels Correlate With Self-Directedness in Healthy Adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:763. [PMID: 31827447 PMCID: PMC6849467 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite various advances in the study of the neurobiological underpinnings of personality traits, the specific neural correlates associated with character and temperament traits are not yet fully understood. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap by exploring the biochemical basis of personality, which is explored with the temperament and character inventory (TCI), during brain development in a sample of adolescents. Twenty-six healthy adolescents (aged between 13 and 21 years; 17 males and 9 females) with behavioral and emotional problems underwent a TCI evaluation and a 3T single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) acquisition of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Absolute metabolite levels were estimated using LCModel: significant correlations between metabolite levels and selective TCI scales were identified. Specifically, phosphocreatine plus creatine (PCr+Cre) significantly correlated with self-directedness, positively, and with a self-transcendence (ST), negatively, while glycerophosphocholine plus phosphocholine (GPC+PC) and myo-inositol negatively correlated with ST. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting associations of brain metabolites with personality traits in adolescents. Therefore, our results represent a step forward for personality neuroscience within the study of biochemical systems and brain structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Squarcina
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Nobile
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Maddalena Mauri
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy.,School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Madonna
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Italy
| | - Marco Garzitto
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Italy
| | - Sara Piccin
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Italy
| | - Massimo Molteni
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Barbara Tomasino
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bressi
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Fabbro
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Italy
| | - Jeffrey A Stanley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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8
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Squarcina L, Delvecchio G, Nobile M, Mauri M, Madonna D, Bonivento C, Garzitto M, Piccin S, Molteni M, Tomasino B, Bressi C, Fabbro F, Stanley JA, Brambilla P. Corrigendum: The Assertive Brain: Anterior Cingulate Phosphocreatine Plus Creatine Levels Correlate With Self-Directedness in Healthy Adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:907. [PMID: 31992996 PMCID: PMC6964643 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00763.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Squarcina
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Nobile
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Maddalena Mauri
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy.,School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Madonna
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Italy
| | - Marco Garzitto
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Italy
| | - Sara Piccin
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Italy
| | - Massimo Molteni
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Barbara Tomasino
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bressi
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Fabbro
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Italy
| | - Jeffrey A Stanley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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9
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Molent C, Maggioni E, Cecchetto F, Garzitto M, Piccin S, Bonivento C, Maieron M, D'Agostini S, Balestrieri M, Perna G, Altamura AC, Brambilla P. Reduced cortical thickness and increased gyrification in generalized anxiety disorder: a 3 T MRI study. Psychol Med 2018; 48:2001-2010. [PMID: 29239286 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171700352x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the study of the neuroanatomical correlates of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is gaining increasing interest, up to now the cortical anatomy of GAD patients has been poorly investigated and still no data on cortical gyrification are available. The aim of the present study is to quantitatively examine the cortical morphology in patients with GAD compared with healthy controls (HC) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analyzing the gyrification patterns in GAD. METHODS A total of 31 GAD patients and 31 HC underwent 3 T structural MRI. For each subject, cortical surface area (CSA), cortical thickness (CT), gray matter volume (GMV), and local gyrification index (LGI) were estimated in 19 regions of interest using the Freesurfer software. These parameters were then compared between the two groups using General Linear Model designs. RESULTS Compared with HC, GAD patients showed: (1) reduced CT in right caudal middle frontal gyrus (p < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected), (2) hyper-gyrification in right fusiform, inferior temporal, superior parietal and supramarginal gyri and in left supramarginal and superior frontal gyri (p < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected). No significant alterations in CSA and GMV were observed. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the hypothesis of a neuroanatomical basis for GAD, highlighting a possible key role of the right hemisphere. The alterations of CT and gyrification in GAD suggest a neurodevelopmental origin of the disorder. Further studies on GAD are needed to understand the evolution of the cerebral morphology with age and during the clinical course of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Molent
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME),University of Udine,Udine,Italy
| | - Eleonora Maggioni
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health,IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico,University of Milan,Milan,Italy
| | - Filippo Cecchetto
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME),University of Udine,Udine,Italy
| | - Marco Garzitto
- Scientific Institute IRCCS 'Eugenio Medea',Polo FVG, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone,Italy
| | - Sara Piccin
- Scientific Institute IRCCS 'Eugenio Medea',Polo FVG, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone,Italy
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME),University of Udine,Udine,Italy
| | - Marta Maieron
- Department of Physics,Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria 'S.Maria della Misericordia',Udine,Italy
| | - Serena D'Agostini
- Department of Neuroradiology,Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria 'S.Maria della Misericordia',Udine,Italy
| | - Matteo Balestrieri
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME),University of Udine,Udine,Italy
| | - Giampaolo Perna
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences,Villa San Benedetto Menni, Hermanas Hospitalarias,FoRiPsi, Albese con Cassano, Como,Italy
| | - A Carlo Altamura
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health,IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico,University of Milan,Milan,Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health,IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico,University of Milan,Milan,Italy
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10
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Porcelli S, Marsano A, Caletti E, Sala M, Abbiati V, Bellani M, Perlini C, Rossetti MG, Mandolini GM, Pigoni A, Paoli RA, Piccin S, Lazzaretti M, Fabbro D, Damante G, Bonivento C, Ferrari C, Rossi R, Pedrini L, Serretti A, Brambilla P. Temperament and Character Inventory in Bipolar Disorder versus Healthy Controls and Modulatory Effects of 3 Key Functional Gene Variants. Neuropsychobiology 2018; 76:209-221. [PMID: 30041166 DOI: 10.1159/000490955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with temperamental and personality traits, although the relationship is still to be fully elucidated. Several studies investigated the genetic basis of temperament and character, identifying catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene variants as strong candidates. METHODS In the GECO-BIP study, 125 BD patients and 173 HC were recruited. Subjects underwent to a detailed assessment and the temperament and character inventory 125 items (TCI) was administrated. Three functional genetic variants within key candidate genes (COMT rs4680, BDNF rs6265, and the serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR)) were genotyped. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS Compared to HC, BD patients showed higher scores in novelty seeking (NS; p = 0.001), harm avoidance (HA; p < 0.001), and self transcendence (St; p < 0.001), and lower scores in self directness (p < 0.001) and cooperativeness (p < 0.001) TCI dimensions. Concerning the genetic analyses, COMT rs4680 was associated with NS in the total sample (p = 0.007) and in the male subsample (p = 0.022). When performing the analysis in the HC and BD samples, the association was confirmed only in HC (p = 0.012), and in the HC male subgroup in particular (p = 0.004). BDNF rs6265 was associated with St in the BD group (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION COMT rs4680 may modulate NS in males in the general population. This effect was not detected in BD patients, probably because BD alters the neurobiological basis of some TCI dimensions. BDNF rs6265 seems to modulate St TCI dimension only in BD patients, possibly modulating the previously reported association between rs6265 and BD treatment response. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Porcelli
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Agnese Marsano
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Caletti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Sala
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Vera Abbiati
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,UOC Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona (AOUI), Verona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,UOC Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona (AOUI), Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Gloria Rossetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gian Mario Mandolini
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pigoni
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Augusto Paoli
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Piccin
- Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea," Polo FVG, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Matteo Lazzaretti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Dora Fabbro
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Damante
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Clarissa Ferrari
- Service of Statistics, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio FBF, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberta Rossi
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio FBF, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Pedrini
- Unit of Psychiatry, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio FBF, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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11
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Diwadkar VA, Re M, Cecchetto F, Garzitto M, Piccin S, Bonivento C, Maieron M, D'Agostini S, Balestrieri M, Brambilla P. Attempts at memory control induce dysfunctional brain activation profiles in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: An exploratory fMRI study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2017; 266:42-52. [PMID: 28599173 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Suppression of aversive memories through memory control has historically been proposed as a central psychological defense mechanism. Inability to suppress memories is considered a central psychological trait in several psychiatric disorders, including Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Yet, few studies have attempted the focused identification of dysfunctional brain activation profiles when patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorders attempt memory control. Using a well-characterized behavioral paradigm we studied brain activation profiles in a group of adult GAD patients and well-matched healthy controls (HC). Participants learned word-association pairs before imaging. During fMRI when presented with one word of the pair, they were instructed to either suppress memory of, or retrieve the paired word. Subsequent behavioral testing indicated both GAD and HC were able to engage in the task, but attempts at memory control (suppression or retrieval) during fMRI revealed vastly different activation profiles. GAD were characterized by substantive hypo-activation signatures during both types of memory control, with effects particularly strong during suppression in brain regions including the dorsal anterior cingulate and the ventral prefrontal cortex. Attempts at memory control in GAD fail to engage brain regions to the same extent HC, providing a putative neuronal signature for a well-established psychological characteristic of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav A Diwadkar
- Dept. of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Tolan Park Medical Building, Suite 5B, 3901 Chrysler Service Drive, Detroit, MI 48301, USA
| | - Marta Re
- DISM, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | | | - Marco Garzitto
- Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Sara Piccin
- Scientific Institute IRCCS "Eugenio Medea", San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy
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12
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Bonivento C, Tomasino B, Garzitto M, Piccin S, Fabbro F, Brambilla P. Age-Dependent Changes of Thinking about Verbs. Front Behav Neurosci 2017; 11:40. [PMID: 28352219 PMCID: PMC5348498 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the knowledge of emotional and motor verbs in children and adolescents from three age ranges (8–11, 12–15, 16–19 years). Participants estimated the verbs familiarity, age of acquisition, valence, arousal, imageability, and motor- and emotion-relatedness. Participants were familiar with the verbs in our dataset. The younger (8–11) attributed an emotional character to the verbs less frequently than the middle (12–15) and the older (16–19) groups. In the 8–11 group males rated the verbs as emotion-related less frequently than females. Results indicate that processing verbal concepts as emotion-related develops gradually, and after 12–15 is rather stable. The age of acquisition (AoA) develops late: the older (16–19) had a higher awareness in reporting that they learnt the verbs earlier as compared to the estimations made by the younger (8–11 and 12–15). AoA positively correlated with attribution of emotion relatedness meaning that emotion-related verbs were learned later. Arousal was comparable across ages. Also it increased when attributing motor relatedness to verbs and decreased when attributing emotion relatedness. Reporting the verbs' affective valence (happy vs. unhappy) changes with age: younger (8–11) judged the verbs generally more “happy” than both the older groups. Instead the middle and the older group did not show differences. Happiness increased when processing the verbs as motor related and decreased when processing the verbs as emotion related. Age affected imageability: the younger (8–11) considered the verbs easier to be imagined than the two older groups, suggesting that at this age vividness estimation is still rough, while after 12–15 is stable as the 12–15 and 15–19 group did not differ. Imageability predicted arousal, AoA, emotion- and motor-relatedness indicating that this index influences the way verbs are processed. Imageability was positively correlated to emotion relatedness, indicating that such verbs were harder to be imagined, and negatively to motor relatedness. Imageablity positively correlated with valence meaning that verbs receiving positive valence were also those that were hard to be imagined, and negatively correlated with arousal, meaning that verbs that were harder to be imagined elicited low physiological activation. Our results give an insight in the development of emotional and motor-related verbs representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Bonivento
- Department of Experimental Clinical Medicine, University of Udine Udine, Italy
| | - Barbara Tomasino
- IRCCS "E. Medea" Scientific Institute, Polo del Friuli Venezia Giulia Udine, Italy
| | - Marco Garzitto
- IRCCS "E. Medea" Scientific Institute, Polo del Friuli Venezia Giulia Udine, Italy
| | - Sara Piccin
- IRCCS "E. Medea" Scientific Institute, Polo del Friuli Venezia Giulia Udine, Italy
| | - Franco Fabbro
- IRCCS "E. Medea" Scientific Institute, Polo del Friuli Venezia GiuliaUdine, Italy; Department of Human Sciences, University of UdineUdine, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of MilanMilan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHouston, TX, USA
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13
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Bianchi V, Brambilla P, Garzitto M, Colombo P, Fornasari L, Bellina M, Bonivento C, Tesei A, Piccin S, Conte S, Perna G, Frigerio A, Castiglioni I, Fabbro F, Molteni M, Nobile M. Latent classes of emotional and behavioural problems in epidemiological and referred samples and their relations to DSM-IV diagnoses. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2017; 26:549-557. [PMID: 27844161 PMCID: PMC5394137 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-016-0918-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Researchers' interest have recently moved toward the identification of recurrent psychopathological profiles characterized by concurrent elevations on different behavioural and emotional traits. This new strategy turned to be useful in terms of diagnosis and outcome prediction. We used a person-centred statistical approach to examine whether different groups could be identified in a referred sample and in a general-population sample of children and adolescents, and we investigated their relation to DSM-IV diagnoses. A latent class analysis (LCA) was performed on the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) syndrome scales of the referred sample (N = 1225), of the general-population sample (N = 3418), and of the total sample. Models estimating 1-class through 5-class solutions were compared and agreement in the classification of subjects was evaluated. Chi square analyses, a logistic regression, and a multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the relations between classes and diagnoses. In the two samples and in the total sample, the best-fitting models were 4-class solutions. The identified classes were Internalizing Problems (15.68%), Severe Dysregulated (7.82%), Attention/Hyperactivity (10.19%), and Low Problems (66.32%). Subsequent analyses indicated a significant relationship between diagnoses and classes as well as a main association between the severe dysregulated class and comorbidity. Our data suggested the presence of four different psychopathological profiles related to different outcomes in terms of psychopathological diagnoses. In particular, our results underline the presence of a profile characterized by severe emotional and behavioural dysregulation that is mostly associated with the presence of multiple diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bianchi
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy. .,Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- 0000 0004 1757 2822grid.4708.bDepartment of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Psychiatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy ,0000 0000 9206 2401grid.267308.8Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX USA
| | - Marco Garzitto
- grid.420417.4Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Paola Colombo
- grid.420417.4Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Livia Fornasari
- grid.420417.4Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Monica Bellina
- grid.420417.4Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- 0000 0001 2113 062Xgrid.5390.fDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy ,0000 0001 2113 062Xgrid.5390.fInterUniversity Center for Behavioral Neurosciences (ICBN), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tesei
- grid.420417.4Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Sara Piccin
- grid.420417.4Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Stefania Conte
- 0000 0001 2174 1754grid.7563.7Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy ,NeuroMI, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Frigerio
- grid.420417.4Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Isabella Castiglioni
- 0000 0001 1940 4177grid.5326.2Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Fabbro
- grid.420417.4Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Massimo Molteni
- grid.420417.4Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Maria Nobile
- grid.420417.4Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy ,Hermanas Hospitalarias, FoRiPsi, Albese con Cassano, Italy
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