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Captari LE, Choe EJY, Crabtree SA, Sandage SJ, Gerstenblith JA, Stein LB, Hydinger KR, Stavros G. The Development and Feasibility of a Novel Group Intervention to Support Helping Professionals in Metabolizing Suffering and Engaging Strengths: The CHRYSALIS Program. Int J Group Psychother 2024:1-40. [PMID: 38621114 DOI: 10.1080/00207284.2024.2329565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
This feasibility study reports on the development and initial evaluation of a novel online intervention for helping professionals (HPs; i.e. mental health professionals, chaplains, clergy) designed to (a) address occupational hazards, such as burnout and vicarious traumatization, and (b) promote well-being and flourishing at work. In contrast with competency and self-care focused models, the CHRYSALIS (Catalyzing Helping Professionals' Resilience, VitalitY, Spirituality, Authentic Living, and Inner Strength) intervention centers the self of the provider, explores cultural and spiritual contexts, and attends to systemic challenges. As part of a larger randomized controlled trial evaluating two program formats, the group format entails eight online sessions exploring strengths that can promote well-being, including processing, relational, vitalizing, orienting, and agentic capacities. To pilot test this framework and establish proof of concept, this study analyzed data from 41 HPs who had been randomly assigned to the group condition and completed surveys at four time points. Quantitative results indicated significant reductions in vicarious traumatization and burnout as well as increased well-being and meaning in work. Qualitative results suggest the intervention fostered relational support, cultivated new perspectives, and increased engagement with strengths, positively impacting participants' work and navigation of caregiving systems. Feedback about cohesion and group dynamic challenges in an online format informed further program development. This study provides initial support for the feasibility and efficacy of the group format of the CHRYSALIS intervention as a creative means to address HPs' risk for occupational hazards and promote holistic formation in a relational context.
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Jankowski PJ, Sandage SJ, Wang DC, Zyphur MJ, Crabtree SA, Choe EJ. Longitudinal processes among humility, social justice activism, transcendence, and well-being. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1332640. [PMID: 38524294 PMCID: PMC10959100 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1332640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Existing research shows positive associations between humility and well-being, and between civic engagement and well-being. Rarely have humility, civic engagement, and well-being been examined together. We build off of previous cross-sectional findings and a prior longitudinal study that used three waves of data and found significant positive bivariate correlations between humility and the presence of life purpose across time points. Methods Extending these previous findings, we used six waves of data obtained from graduate students at 18 seminaries across North America (N = 574; Mage = 31.54; 46.7% female; 65.3% White) to explore the dynamic associations among humility and life purpose, along with horizontal transcendence (an indicator of the attitudinal dimension of civic engagement) and social justice activism (an indicator for the behavioral dimension). We explored reciprocal short-run processes and dynamic long-run effects using a general cross-lagged panel model. Results and discussion We found robust evidence for a reciprocal influence between the presence of life purpose and horizontal transcendence, and long-run effects for initial levels of life purpose to influence later levels of horizontal transcendence. We also found long-run effects for the influence of initial levels of life purpose on later levels of humility, and initial levels of social justice activism on later levels of horizontal transcendence. Implications center on the use of the findings for planning future one-time life purpose and social justice interventions to affect changes in humility and horizontal transcendence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Jankowski
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Marriage and Family Therapy Program, Bethel University, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Steven J. Sandage
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David C. Wang
- Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Michael J. Zyphur
- UQ Business School, Faculty of Business, Economics, & Law, University of Queensland, St. Lucia-Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarah A. Crabtree
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elise J. Choe
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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Jankowski PJ, Sandage SJ, Captari LE, Crabtree SA, Choe EJ, Gerstenblith J. A practice-based study of relational virtues and alliance correspondence in psychodynamic psychotherapy. J Clin Psychol 2024. [PMID: 38408210 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Treatment outcome monitoring typically emphasizes pathology. In contrast, we responded to the need to establish psychodynamic psychotherapy as evidence-based by modeling changes in gratitude and forgiveness. METHOD We utilized a practice-based research design involving non-manualized outpatient treatment. We employed a longitudinal mixture modeling approach to evaluate treatment effectiveness. We did so by testing the theorized role for relational virtues (i.e., gratitude, forgiveness) as signs of progress in psychodynamic treatment, with relational virtues referring to the application of character strengths to specific situations. We modeled clients' self-reported level on the virtues as a joint process over five time points, and examined the influence of early treatment alliance correspondence on patterns of change using a sample of outpatient clients (N = 185; Mage = 40.12; 60% female; 74.1% White). RESULTS A 3-class solution best fit the data, with one class exhibiting growth in gratitude and forgiveness, improved symptoms, and a greater likelihood of symptom improvement relative to well-being gains. Alliance correspondence predicted the classes of change patterns, with greater similarity between clinicians' and clients' perceptions about the alliance predicting greater likelihood of belonging to the subgroup showing highest levels of virtues and well-being, lowest symptoms, and improved well-being. CONCLUSION Clinical implications involve monitoring gratitude and forgiveness as signs of progress and navigating the dialectic between implicit alliance processes and explicit virtue interventions. The former involves nurturing a strong alliance and repairing ruptures, whereas the latter involves direct in-session conversation and/or the practice of virtue interventions in and/or outside of session.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Jankowski
- The Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Bethel University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Steven J Sandage
- The Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura E Captari
- The Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah A Crabtree
- The Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elise J Choe
- The Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Choe EJY, Jankowski PJ, Sandage SJ, Crabtree SA, Captari LE. A practice‐based study of cultural humility and well‐being among psychotherapy clients. Couns and Psychother Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elise J. Y. Choe
- The Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | | | - Steven J. Sandage
- The Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
- MF Norwegian School of Theology, Religion, and Society Oslo Norway
| | - Sarah A. Crabtree
- The Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Laura E. Captari
- The Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
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Jankowski PJ, Sandage SJ, Crabtree SA. The psychometric challenges of implementing wellbeing assessment into clinical research and practice: A commentary on “assessing mental wellbeing using the mental health continuum–short form: A systematic review and meta-analytic structural equation modeling”. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 2022. [DOI: 10.1037/cps0000090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Crabtree SA, Captari LE, Hall EL, Sandage SJ, Jankowski PJ. Mental health symptoms, well‐being and experiences of the COVID‐19 pandemic: A mixed‐methods practice‐based study. Couns Psychother Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Crabtree
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen InstituteBoston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Laura E. Captari
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen InstituteBoston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Eugene L. Hall
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen InstituteBoston University Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Steven J. Sandage
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen InstituteBoston University Boston Massachusetts USA
- School of Theology Boston University Boston Massachusetts USA
- MF Norwegian School of Theology Oslo Norway
| | - Peter J. Jankowski
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen InstituteBoston University Boston Massachusetts USA
- Bethel Seminary Arden Hills Minnesota USA
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Jankowski PJ, Hall E, Crabtree SA, Sandage SJ, Bronstein M, Sandage D. Risk, Symptoms, and Well‐Being: Emerging Adult Latent Profiles During Treatment. Journal of Counseling & Development 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jcad.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Jankowski
- Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University, and Counseling Program, Bethel University
| | - Eugene Hall
- Albert and Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University
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Bell CA, Crabtree SA, Hall EL, Sandage SJ. Research in counselling and psychotherapy Post-COVID-19. Couns Psychother Res 2020; 21:3-7. [PMID: 32837330 PMCID: PMC7362162 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic brings to light many areas the field of counselling and psychotherapy may need to address in future research. We outline several issues stemming from or exacerbated by the pandemic and offer suggestions for future research to address the mental health needs of those impacted. Our suggestions focus on five domains: (a) the health and well-being of helping professionals, (b) the infodemic, (c) discrimination and minority stress, (d) spiritual and existential dynamics in mental health and (e) couple and family stress and resilience. We aim to provide a multi-systemic perspective of mental health and well-being in the time of COVID-19, as well as encourage current and future studies to incorporate these suggestions to advance the health and well-being of our communities through evidence-based treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chance A Bell
- Department of Family Science University of Nebraska Kearney Kearney NE USA
| | - Sarah A Crabtree
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University Boston MA USA
| | - Eugene L Hall
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University Boston MA USA
| | - Steven J Sandage
- Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute Boston University Boston MA USA.,MF Norwegian School of Theology (Oslo) Oslo Norway
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Abstract
Researchers have long treated marital separation as a linear transition that inevitably leads to divorce. Popular sources suggest that some couples separate without clarity about how the separation will end, often to assess whether to divorce or stay married. However, to date, we could not locate any empirical research on this kind of ambiguous separation. With a sample of 20 currently separated persons from around the United States, this study employed a hermeneutic phenomenological design to inquire about the experience of separating from one's spouse when the separation was initiated without clarity about how it would end. Six essential themes emerged: (a) our relationship feels ambiguous, (b) separation is a private experience, (c) separation is a lonely experience, (d) benefits to separating, (e) separation is not sustainable, and (f) the outcome is unclear. The article concludes with a discussion of and implications for the study findings.
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Rived-Ocaña M, Schweer-Collins ML, Rodríguez-González M, Crabtree SA, del Cid LBG, Hargrave TD. Spanish Adaptation of the Relational Ethics Scale. Contemp Fam Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10591-020-09540-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Crabtree SA, Bell CA, Rupert DA, Sandage SJ, Devor NG, Stavros G. Humility, differentiation of self, and clinical training in spiritual and religious competence. Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/19349637.2020.1737627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Crabtree
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chance A. Bell
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Family Studies, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, Nebraska, USA
| | - David A. Rupert
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven J. Sandage
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- School of Theology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychology of Religion, MF Norwegian School of Theology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nancy G. Devor
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George Stavros
- The Albert & Jessie Danielsen Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Johnson KA, Hook JN, Davis DE, Van Tongeren DR, Sandage SJ, Crabtree SA. Moral foundation priorities reflect U.S. Christians' individual differences in religiosity. Personality and Individual Differences 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2015.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Harris SM, Porter R, Whiting JB, Brown M, Rappleyea DL, Crabtree SA. Perceptions of Personal Safety Among Lower-Income Relationship Education Participants: A Grounded Theory Study. Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15332691.2015.1103349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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