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Hudson AL, Cho A, Colvin EK, Hayes SA, Wheeler HR, Howell VM. CA9, CYFIP2 and LGALS3BP-A Novel Biomarker Panel to Aid Prognostication in Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1069. [PMID: 38473425 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain cancer is a devastating and life-changing disease. Biomarkers are becoming increasingly important in addressing clinical issues, including in monitoring tumour progression and assessing survival and treatment response. The goal of this study was to identify prognostic biomarkers associated with glioma progression. Discovery proteomic analysis was performed on a small cohort of astrocytomas that were diagnosed as low-grade and recurred at a higher grade. Six proteins were chosen to be validated further in a larger cohort. Three proteins, CA9, CYFIP2, and LGALS3BP, were found to be associated with glioma progression and, in univariate analysis, could be used as prognostic markers. However, according to the results of multivariate analysis, these did not remain significant. These three proteins were then combined into a three-protein panel. This panel had a specificity and sensitivity of 0.7459 for distinguishing between long and short survival. In silico data confirmed the prognostic significance of this panel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Hudson
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The Brain Cancer Group, North Shore Private Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Angela Cho
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The Brain Cancer Group, North Shore Private Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Emily K Colvin
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sarah A Hayes
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Helen R Wheeler
- The Brain Cancer Group, North Shore Private Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Viive M Howell
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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2
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Maloney S, Itchins M, Arena J, Sahni S, Howell VM, Hayes SA, Gill AJ, Clarke SJ, Samra J, Mittal A, Pavlakis N. Optimal Upfront Treatment in Surgically Resectable Pancreatic Cancer Candidates: A High-Volume Center Retrospective Analysis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2700. [PMID: 34207372 PMCID: PMC8235361 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10122700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a devastating disease with only 15-20% of patients resectable at diagnosis. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for this cohort is becoming increasingly popular; however, there are no published randomized trials that support the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy over upfront surgery in resectable disease. This retrospective cohort analysis was conducted to compare both treatment pathways and to identify any potential prognostic markers. Medical records from one large volume pancreatic cancer center from 2013-2019 were reviewed and 126 patients with upfront resectable disease were analyzed. Due to a change in practice in our center patients treated prior to December 2016 received upfront surgery and those treated after this date received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Of these, 86 (68%) patients were treated with upfront surgery and 40 (32%) of patients were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Our results demonstrated that patients treated with upfront surgery with early-stage (1a) disease had a longer median OS compared to those treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (24 vs. 21 months, p = 0.028). This survival difference was not evident for all patients (regardless of stage). R0 resections were similar between groups (p = 0.605). We identified that both tumor viability (in neoadjuvant chemotherapy-treated patients) and tumor grade were useful prognostic markers. Upfront surgery for certain patients with low volume disease may be suitable despite the global trend towards neoadjuvant chemotherapy for all upfront resectable patients. A prospective clinical trial in this cohort incorporating biomarkers is needed to determine optimal therapy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Maloney
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.I.); (J.A.); (S.S.); (V.M.H.); (S.A.H.); (A.J.G.); (S.J.C.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (N.P.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Malinda Itchins
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.I.); (J.A.); (S.S.); (V.M.H.); (S.A.H.); (A.J.G.); (S.J.C.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (N.P.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Jennifer Arena
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.I.); (J.A.); (S.S.); (V.M.H.); (S.A.H.); (A.J.G.); (S.J.C.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (N.P.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Sumit Sahni
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.I.); (J.A.); (S.S.); (V.M.H.); (S.A.H.); (A.J.G.); (S.J.C.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (N.P.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Viive M. Howell
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.I.); (J.A.); (S.S.); (V.M.H.); (S.A.H.); (A.J.G.); (S.J.C.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (N.P.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Sarah A. Hayes
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.I.); (J.A.); (S.S.); (V.M.H.); (S.A.H.); (A.J.G.); (S.J.C.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (N.P.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Anthony J. Gill
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.I.); (J.A.); (S.S.); (V.M.H.); (S.A.H.); (A.J.G.); (S.J.C.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (N.P.)
- Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Clarke
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.I.); (J.A.); (S.S.); (V.M.H.); (S.A.H.); (A.J.G.); (S.J.C.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (N.P.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Jaswinder Samra
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.I.); (J.A.); (S.S.); (V.M.H.); (S.A.H.); (A.J.G.); (S.J.C.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (N.P.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Anubhav Mittal
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.I.); (J.A.); (S.S.); (V.M.H.); (S.A.H.); (A.J.G.); (S.J.C.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (N.P.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Nick Pavlakis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia; (M.I.); (J.A.); (S.S.); (V.M.H.); (S.A.H.); (A.J.G.); (S.J.C.); (J.S.); (A.M.); (N.P.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
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Lau DK, Luk IY, Jenkins LJ, Martin A, Williams DS, Schoffer KL, Chionh F, Buchert M, Sjoquist K, Boussioutas A, Hayes SA, Ernst M, Weickhardt AJ, Pavlakis N, Tebbutt NC, Mariadason JM. Rapid Resistance of FGFR-driven Gastric Cancers to Regorafenib and Targeted FGFR Inhibitors can be Overcome by Parallel Inhibition of MEK. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:704-715. [PMID: 33563752 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Amplification or overexpression of the FGFR family of receptor tyrosine kinases occurs in a significant proportion of gastric cancers. Regorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor of angiogenic and oncogenic kinases, including FGFR, which showed activity in the randomized phase II INTEGRATE clinical trial in advanced gastric cancer. There are currently no biomarkers that predict response to this agent, and whether regorafenib is preferentially active in FGFR-driven cancers is unknown. Through screening 25 gastric cancer cell lines, we identified five cell lines that were exquisitely sensitive to regorafenib, four of which harbored amplification or overexpression of FGFR family members. These four cell lines were also sensitive to the FGFR-specific inhibitors, BGJ398, erdafitinib, and TAS-120. Regorafenib inhibited FGFR-driven MAPK signaling in these cell lines, and knockdown studies confirmed their dependence on specific FGFRs for proliferation. In the INTEGRATE trial cohort, amplification or overexpression of FGFRs 1-4 was detected in 8%-19% of cases, however, this was not associated with improved progression-free survival and no objective responses were observed in these cases. Further preclinical analyses revealed FGFR-driven gastric cancer cell lines rapidly reactivate MAPK/ERK signaling in response to FGFR inhibition, which may underlie the limited clinical response to regorafenib. Importantly, combination treatment with an FGFR and MEK inhibitor delayed MAPK/ERK reactivation and synergistically inhibited proliferation of FGFR-driven gastric cancer cell lines. These findings suggest that upfront combinatorial inhibition of FGFR and MEK may represent a more effective treatment strategy for FGFR-driven gastric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- David K Lau
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian Y Luk
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura J Jenkins
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Martin
- NHMRC Clinical trials Centre, Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Cancer Care Centre, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David S Williams
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kael L Schoffer
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona Chionh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Buchert
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katrin Sjoquist
- NHMRC Clinical trials Centre, Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Cancer Care Centre, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alex Boussioutas
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah A Hayes
- Kolling Institute for Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew J Weickhardt
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nick Pavlakis
- Kolling Institute for Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Niall C Tebbutt
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John M Mariadason
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Cancer Care Centre, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
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4
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Itchins M, Lau B, Hudson AL, Westman H, Xia CY, Hayes SA, Howell VM, Rodriguez M, Cooper WA, Wei H, Buckland M, Li BT, Li M, Rathi V, Fox SB, Gill AJ, Clarke SJ, Boyer MJ, Pavlakis N. ALK-Rearranged Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in 2020: Real-World Triumphs in an Era of Multigeneration ALK-Inhibitor Sequencing Informed by Drug Resistance Profiling. Oncologist 2020; 25:641-649. [PMID: 32558067 PMCID: PMC7418351 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in 2007, we have seen the lives of patients diagnosed with advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) transform with the advent of molecular therapies with first-, second-, and third-generation ALK inhibitors now available in the clinic. Despite great gains in patient survival now measured in years and preserved quality of life with targeted therapies, drug resistance is unfortunately inevitably encountered in this rare and unique molecular subset of lung cancer, and patients will eventually succumb to the disease. As these patients are often young, fit, and never smokers, the clinical and scientific communities have aligned to expedite drug development and access. Drug resistance profiling and further strategies are being explored through clinical trials, including the evaluation of specific drug sequencing and combinations to overcome such resistance and promote patient longevity. The cases of this report focus on precision medicine and aim to portray the pertinent aspects to consider when treating ALK-rearranged NSCLC in 2020, an ever-shifting space. By way of case examples, this report offers valuable information to the treating clinician, including the evolution of systemic treatments and the management of oligo-progression and multisite drug resistance. With the maturation of real-world data, we are fortunate to be experiencing quality and length of life for patients with this disease surpassing prior expectations in advanced lung cancer. KEY POINTS: This report focuses on the importance of genetic analysis of serial biopsies to capture the dynamic therapeutic vulnerabilities of a patient's tumor, providing a perspective on the complexity of ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (ALKi) treatment sequencing. These case examples contribute to the literature on ALK-rearranged and oncogene addicted non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), providing a framework for care in the clinic. In oligo-progressive disease, local ablative therapy and continuation of ALKi postprogression should be considered with potential for sustained disease control. ALK G1202R kinase domain mutations (KDM), highly prevalent at resistance to second-generation ALKi resistances, may emerge in non-EML4-ALK variant 3 cases and is sensitive to third-generation lorlatinib. When in compound with one or more ALK KDMs, resistance to lorlatinib is expected. In the case of rampantly progressive disease, rebiopsy and redefining biology in a timely manner may be informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malinda Itchins
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling InstituteSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Brandon Lau
- Chris O'Brien LifehouseCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Amanda L. Hudson
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling InstituteSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Helen Westman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Cathy Yi Xia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Sarah A. Hayes
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling InstituteSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Viive M. Howell
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling InstituteSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Michael Rodriguez
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling InstituteSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Douglas Hanly MoirMacquarie ParkNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Wendy A. Cooper
- Central Clinical School, School of Medicine, University of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Heng Wei
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Michael Buckland
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Neuropathology, Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Bob T. Li
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Mark Li
- Resolution BioscienceRedmondWashingtonUSA
| | - Vivek Rathi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincent's, Victoria ParadeFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
| | - Stephen B. Fox
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Anthony J. Gill
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Stephen J. Clarke
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling InstituteSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Michael J. Boyer
- Chris O'Brien LifehouseCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, and University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Nick Pavlakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling InstituteSt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of SydneySt LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia
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5
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Alexander M, Pavlakis N, John T, O'Connell R, Kao S, Hughes BGM, Lee A, Hayes SA, Howell VM, Clarke SJ, Millward M, Burbury K, Solomon B, Itchins M. A multicenter study of thromboembolic events among patients diagnosed with ROS1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2020; 142:34-40. [PMID: 32087434 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to describe the longitudinal thromboembolism (TE) risk relative to the natural history of disease and clinical course of ROS1 rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Cases of ROS1-rearranged NSCLC from six Australian hospitals were pooled and evaluated for incidence, timing, predictors and outcomes of venous or arterial TE, as well as objective response rate (ORR) to active therapy and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Of 42 patients recruited, 20 (48%) experienced TE; one (2%) arterial, 13 (31%) a pulmonary emboli (PE), and 12 (29%) a deep vein thrombosis. Among those with TE, six (30%) experienced multiple events, three as concurrent and three as recurrent diagnoses. The cumulative incidence of TE over time, adjusted for death as a competing risk factor, approached 50%. TE occurred prior to, during and post the peri-diagnostic period and occurred irrespective of treatment strategy. A thrombophilia was identified in n = 3/10 (30%) cases screened: in two factor V Leiden and in one anti-thrombin III (ATIII) deficiency. Median OS was 21.3 months in those with TE vs. 28.8 months in those without; hazard ratio 1.16 (95%CI 0.43-3.15). Respective ORR to first-line therapy with TE was 50% vs. 44% without TE in the chemotherapy arm and 67% vs. 50% in the targeted therapy arm. CONCLUSION In the rare cancer subtype, ROS1, these real-world data demonstrate sustained TE risk beyond the diagnostic period irrespective of therapeutic strategy. High incidence of PE, concurrent TE, and recurrent TE warrant validation in larger cohorts. Consideration of primary thromboprophylaxis in ROS1 populations is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marliese Alexander
- Department of Pharmacy, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Nick Pavlakis
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute Medical Institute of Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Cancer Institute, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas John
- Medical Oncology Unit, Olivia Newton John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia; Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel O'Connell
- NHMRC Clinical Trial Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Steven Kao
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brett G M Hughes
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside West, Queensland, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Adrian Lee
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute Medical Institute of Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Cancer Institute, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah A Hayes
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute Medical Institute of Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Viive M Howell
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute Medical Institute of Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen J Clarke
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute Medical Institute of Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Cancer Institute, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Millward
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kate Burbury
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin Solomon
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Malinda Itchins
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute Medical Institute of Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Cancer Institute, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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6
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Hayes SA, Martin A, Yip S, Howell VM, Sjoquist KM, Tsobanis E, Kang YK, Bang YJ, Alcindor T, O'Callaghan CJ, Tebbutt NC, Simes J, Goldstein D, Pavlakis N. Abstract 4531: SWATH-MS profiling identifies prognostic factors for progression-free survival (PFS) In INTEGRATE - A randomized phase II double-blind placebo-controlled study of regorafenib in refractory advanced oesophagogastric cancer (AOGC) - A study by the Australasian Gastrointestinal Trials Group (AGITG). Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-4531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and a leading cause of cancer death. Advanced OesophagoGastric cancer (AOGC) has a poor prognosis despite treatment. The P2 INTEGRATE multinational 2:1 (active:placebo) randomized trial demonstrated the activity, on progression-free survival (PFS), of the oral multikinase inhibitor regorafenib (REG) in patients (pts) with refractory AOGC (Pavlakis et al JCO 2016), leading to the P3 INTEGRATE II trial (NCT02773524) currently underway. Here, we sought to identify prognostic protein biomarkers in a discovery analysis of a patient subset from INTEGRATE I.
Methods: The discovery analysis set comprised of 40 INTEGRATE I patients (12 placebo; 28 REG) selected using stratified random sampling based on quartiles of observed PFS within each arm of allocation, half from 1st quartile (worst PFS outcome) and half from 4th quartile (best PFS outcome). We profiled the plasma proteome of INTEGRATE pts using data-independent acquisition of liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS acquisition). Plasma collected at baseline (10µl) was analyzed with TripleTOF 6600 System (SCIEX, MA, USA). Data was searched against an “extended” spectral library generated using SwathXtendsoftware (Wu et al MCP 2016). Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess the prognostic value of log2 protein expression level adjusted for treatment allocation.
Results: 437 proteins were identified across all 40 pt samples (>99% peptide confidence). A subset of 27 proteins were identified as candidates for possible further investigation using the verification analysis set on the basis of having p-values <0.05 (no p-value was significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons). These proteins were associated with (i) the immune system, including multiple immunoglobulin variable heavy and light chains, and proteins involved in complement activation (C09, C08G, C4BPA and C05 and others) and two serpins that regulate the acute phase response and promote cancer cell survival (AACT and A1AT); (ii) blood coagulation and angiogenesis (THBS1/PROS1/FBLN1 and others), also instrumental in tumor progression. Other proteins are known to promote local cancer cell adhesion, invasion and distant metastasis.
Conclusions: This is the first time that SWATH has been used to analyse AOGC pt samples, an otherwise challenging biofluid (undepleted plasma) for profiling. These proteins could represent a novel prognostic signature for PFS in AOGC patients, pending validation in the larger verification data set. This work highlights the potential value of incorporating proteomics into risk assessments guiding treatment strategies for patients.
Citation Format: Sarah A. Hayes, Andrew Martin, Sonia Yip, Viive M. Howell, Katrin M. Sjoquist, Eric Tsobanis, Yoon-Koo Kang, Yung-Jue Bang, Thierry Alcindor, Christopher J. O'Callaghan, Niall C. Tebbutt, John Simes, David Goldstein, Nick Pavlakis. SWATH-MS profiling identifies prognostic factors for progression-free survival (PFS) In INTEGRATE - A randomized phase II double-blind placebo-controlled study of regorafenib in refractory advanced oesophagogastric cancer (AOGC) - A study by the Australasian Gastrointestinal Trials Group (AGITG) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4531.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sonia Yip
- 1University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Yung-Jue Bang
- 3Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - John Simes
- 1University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Cho A, Hudson AL, Colvin EK, Hayes SA, Wheeler HR, Howell VM. P04.42 Utilising whole transcriptome profiling to increase understanding of mechanisms driving IDH-mutant glioma progression and recurrence. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy139.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Cho
- Kolling Institute, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A L Hudson
- Kolling Institute, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - E K Colvin
- Kolling Institute, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - S A Hayes
- Kolling Institute, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - H R Wheeler
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - V M Howell
- Kolling Institute, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Itchins M, Hayes SA, Gill AJ, Cooper W, O'Connell R, Howell VM, Clarke SJ, Pavlakis N. Pattern of care and survival of anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (ALK+ NSCLC) in an Australian Metropolitan Tertiary Referral Centre: A retrospective cohort analysis. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2018; 14:e275-e282. [PMID: 29675948 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To report on the pattern of care and survival of anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (ALK+NSCLC) in a real-world retrospective cohort from an Australian tertiary referral center. METHODS Individuals with a pathological diagnosis of ALK+NSCLC via immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization and a radiological diagnosis of stage IV disease were eligible. Patients were identified via the Pathology Department specimen database and electronic patient chart review. Data were collected and analyzed for baseline demographics, radiological pattern of disease and response to treatment, treatment sequencing, toxicity and survival. RESULTS Thirty-five patients were identified over a 7-year period from 2010 to 2016 and followed for a median of 23 months. Median overall survival (OS) in the entire cohort was immature at data cut, 46.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.53-69.47 months), with the longest surviving patient was alive 62.1 months since diagnosis. Objective radiological response rate overall across six potential treatments and six treatment lines (range 1-6) was 58.2%. Almost 50% received at-least two lines of ALK inhibitor therapy with median OS in this group estimated to be 53.4 months (95% CI, 35.1 months-not reached). Toxicity was manageable with a low rate of ≥ grade 3 toxicity (n = 7). Forty-eight percent relapsed within the CNS and 43% overall died due to CNS progression. In those with CNS diagnosis at baseline and/or progression within the CNS (n = 32), median OS was also 46.0 months (95% CI, 24.22-66.78 months). CONCLUSION This retrospective cohort analysis of a single tertiary institution experience in treating ALK+NSCLC demonstrates impressive OS and the importance and impact of careful management of CNS disease in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malinda Itchins
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.,Northern Cancer Institute, St Leonards Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah A Hayes
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony J Gill
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.,NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Wendy Cooper
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel O'Connell
- NHMRC Clinical Trial Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Viive M Howell
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen J Clarke
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.,Northern Cancer Institute, St Leonards Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Nick Pavlakis
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.,Northern Cancer Institute, St Leonards Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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Itchins M, Chia PL, Hayes SA, Howell VM, Gill AJ, Cooper WA, John T, Mitchell P, Millward M, Clarke SJ, Solomon B, Pavlakis N. Treatment of ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer: A review of the landscape and approach to emerging patterns of treatment resistance in the Australian context. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2017; 13 Suppl 3:3-13. [PMID: 28795492 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Since the identification of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in 2005, the treatment of ALK-rearranged NSCLC (ALK+ NSCLC) has evolved at a rapid pace. This molecularly distinct subset of NSCLC has uniquely important biology, clinicopathologic features and mechanisms of drug resistance which impact on the choice of treatment for a patient with this disease. There are multiple ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors now available in clinical practice with efficacy data continuing to emerge and guide the optimal treatment algorithm. A detailed search of medical databases and clinical trial registries was conducted to capture all relevant articles on this topic enabling an updated detailed overview of the landscape of management of ALK-rearranged NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Itchins
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute Medical Institute of Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Northern Cancer Institute, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P L Chia
- Medical Oncology Unit, Olivia Newton John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health, Melbourne.,Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S A Hayes
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute Medical Institute of Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - V M Howell
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute Medical Institute of Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A J Gill
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - W A Cooper
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T John
- Medical Oncology Unit, Olivia Newton John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health, Melbourne.,Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - P Mitchell
- Medical Oncology Unit, Olivia Newton John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health, Melbourne.,Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Millward
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Linear Clinical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - S J Clarke
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute Medical Institute of Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Northern Cancer Institute, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - B Solomon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - N Pavlakis
- Bill Walsh Translational Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute Medical Institute of Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Northern Cancer Institute, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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McEvoy SH, Halpenny DF, Viteri-Jusué A, Hayes SA, Plodkowski AJ, Riely GJ, Ginsberg MS. Investigation of patterns of nodal metastases in BRAF mutant lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2017. [PMID: 28625649 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Axillary lymph nodes (axLN) are a rare site of nodal metastases in patients with lung cancer. BRAF mutated lung cancer is a genetically distinct subtype that occurs in 2-5% of non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). A recent study identified a highly unusual pattern of metastatic spread to axLN in patients with BRAF mutated colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of the study is to assess the incidence of axLN metastases in BRAF mutated NSCLC. Baseline computed tomography (CT) imaging at diagnosis and all follow up CTs of patients with BRAF mutated NSCLC treated at our institution were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists for evidence of axLN metastases. Positron emission tomography (PET)/CT was reviewed when available. A control group of patients with non-BRAF mutated NSCLC was assessed. Three criteria were used for the diagnosis of a metastatic node; pathologic confirmation, radiologic size greater ≥1.5cm in short axis diameter or fluorodeoxyglucose avidity on PET/CT and radiologic size ≥1.0cm in short axis diameter. Forty-six patients with BRAF mutated NSCLC and CT images on the institutional PACS were identified. 7 (15%) patients with BRAF mutated NSCLC had axLN metastases using the proposed diagnostic criteria. One patient had a pathologic proven axLN metastasis, 3 had axLNs measuring ≥1.5cm in short axis, and 3 had nodes which were FDG avid on PET/CT and measured ≥1.0cm in short axis. By comparison, 1 of 46 (2%) control patients with non-BRAF mutated NSCLC had axLN metastases. Previous series have reported the prevalence of axLN metastases in patients with NSCLC as 0.61-0.75%. We have found a higher incidence of axLN metastases in BRAF mutated NSCLC patients than described in non-BRAF mutated NSCLC patients. Examination of the axilla should be a routine part of physical examination in this genetically distinct subgroup of lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H McEvoy
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - D F Halpenny
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - A Viteri-Jusué
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - S A Hayes
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - A J Plodkowski
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - G J Riely
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - M S Ginsberg
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Hayes SA, Krisp C, Hudson AL, Harvie R, Hasovits C, Clarke S, Molloy MP, Howell VM. Abstract 3886: Protein mapping of NSCLC cell lines: Defining mechanisms of acquired erlotinib resistance. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-3886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common and lethal malignancies globally, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for 85% of all lung cancer cases. Patients generally have a poor prognosis without treatment as most patients are diagnosed with advanced metastatic disease, when curative therapeutic options are limited. However, there has been a recent emphasis on identifying driver mutations responsible for patient tumours, which has paved the way for more effective targeted therapies in the treatment of NSCLC.
One such targeted therapy, erlotinib, is used as standard-of-care treatment in NSCLC patients with sensitising EGFR mutations. Although use of these tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) often leads to dramatic and prolonged response, acquired resistance eventually ensues. Understanding and overcoming the molecular basis of resistance to erlotinib remains a challenge for successful long-term treatment.
To identify mechanisms of erlotinib resistance, we used latest-generation mass spectrometry to comprehensively map the proteomes of two NSCLC cell lines: a parental NSCLC cell line sensitive to erlotinib (HCC827, contains a deletion in EGFR exon 19) and its matched erlotinib-resistant subline (HCC827_ER). Cell lines were treated with an IC50 dose of erlotinib or mock treatment. Three days after treatment, each cell line was profiled using the Sequential Windowed data independent Acquisition of the Total High-resolution Mass Spectra (SWATH-MS 2.0) algorithm, conducted on the Sciex 6600 TripleTOF. LC-MS/MS data was extracted for 3416 proteins (peptide confidence >99%) following a Sciex ProteinPilot database search.
Overall, 33 proteins were differentially expressed between HCC827 mock and erlotinib treated cells, while expression levels of 59 proteins were significantly different between HCC827er mock and erlotinib treated cells (Fold Change>2, p<0.05). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis listed “Organismal Injury and Abnormalities” and “Cancer” as the leading Diseases and Disorders in both cell lines, with “Cellular Growth and Proliferation” and “Small Molecule Biochemistry” listed as the top Molecular and Cellular Functions in the sensitive and resistant cell line, respectively. In the parental cell line, identified proteins were associated with the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, as well as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, which is commonly altered in human cancers. In the resistant subline, several differentially expressed proteins mapped to various metabolic pathways (including carbon, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism), with some proteins similarly involved in PI3K-Akt signaling.
This is the first time that lung cancer cell lines have been comprehensively profiled by SWATH-MS. Protein mapping will help to increase the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the acquisition of TKI resistance, which is crucial for the development of rational strategies to overcome resistance in the clinic.
Citation Format: Sarah A. Hayes, Christoph Krisp, Amanda L. Hudson, Rozelle Harvie, Csilla Hasovits, Stephen Clarke, Mark P. Molloy, Viive M. Howell. Protein mapping of NSCLC cell lines: Defining mechanisms of acquired erlotinib resistance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3886.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Hayes
- 1Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Hormones and Cancer, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christoph Krisp
- 2Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Amanda L. Hudson
- 1Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Hormones and Cancer, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rozelle Harvie
- 1Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Hormones and Cancer, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Csilla Hasovits
- 1Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Hormones and Cancer, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen Clarke
- 1Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Hormones and Cancer, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark P. Molloy
- 2Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Viive M. Howell
- 1Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Hormones and Cancer, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
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Hayes SA, Haefliger S, Harris B, Pavlakis N, Clarke SJ, Molloy MP, Howell VM. Exhaled breath condensate for lung cancer protein analysis: a review of methods and biomarkers. J Breath Res 2016; 10:034001. [PMID: 27380020 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/10/3/034001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and is considered one of the most aggressive human cancers, with a 5 year overall survival of 10-15%. Early diagnosis of lung cancer is ideal; however, it is still uncertain as to what technique will prove successful in the systematic screening of high-risk populations, with the strongest evidence currently supporting low dose computed tomography (LDCT). Analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) has recently been proposed as an alternative low risk and non-invasive screening method to investigate early-stage neoplastic processes in the airways. However, there still remains a relative paucity of lung cancer research involving EBC, particularly in the measurement of lung proteins that are centrally linked to pathogenesis. Considering the ease and safety associated with EBC collection, and advances in the area of mass spectrometry based profiling, this technology has potential for use in screening for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. This review will examine proteomics as a method of detecting markers of neoplasia in patient EBC with a particular emphasis on LC, as well as discussing methodological challenges involving in proteomic analysis of EBC specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Hayes
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia. Sydney Medical School Northern, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Hayes SA, Hudson AL, Clarke SJ, Molloy MP, Howell VM. From mice to men: GEMMs as trial patients for new NSCLC therapies. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 27:118-27. [PMID: 24718320 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Given the large socio-economic burden of cancer, there is an urgent need for in vivo animal cancer models that can provide a rationale for personalised therapeutic regimens that are translatable to the clinic. Recent developments in establishing mouse models that closely resemble human lung cancers involve the application of genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) for use in drug efficacy studies or to guide patient therapy. Here, we review recent applications of GEMMs in non-small cell lung cancer research for drug development and their potential in aiding biomarker discovery and understanding of biological mechanisms behind clinical outcomes and drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Hayes
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amanda L Hudson
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen J Clarke
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark P Molloy
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility (APAF), Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia; Department of Chemistry & Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Viive M Howell
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.
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McLaughlin PD, Murphy KP, Hayes SA, Carey K, Sammon J, Crush L, O'Neill F, Normoyle B, McGarrigle AM, Barry JE, Maher MM. Non-contrast CT at comparable dose to an abdominal radiograph in patients with acute renal colic; impact of iterative reconstruction on image quality and diagnostic performance. Insights Imaging 2014; 5:217-30. [PMID: 24500656 PMCID: PMC3999367 DOI: 10.1007/s13244-014-0310-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to assess the performance of low-dose non-contrast CT of the urinary tract (LD-CT) acquired at radiation exposures close to that of abdominal radiography using adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASiR). METHODS Thirty-three patients with clinically suspected renal colic were prospectively included. Conventional dose (CD-CT) and LD-CT data sets were contemporaneously acquired. LD-CT images were reconstructed with 40 %, 70 % and 90 % ASiR. Image quality was subjectively and objectively measured. Images were also clinically interpreted. RESULTS Mean ED was 0.48 ± 0.07 mSv for LD-CT compared with 4.43 ± 3.14 mSv for CD-CT. Increasing the percentage ASiR resulted in a step-wise reduction in mean objective noise (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Seventy % ASiR LD-CT images had higher diagnostic acceptability and spatial resolution than 90 % ASiR LD-CT images (p < 0.001). Twenty-seven calculi (diameter = 5.5 ± 1.7 mm), including all ureteric stones, were correctly identified using 70 % ASiR LD-CT with two false positives and 16 false negatives (diameter = 2.3 ± 0.7 mm) equating to a sensitivity and specificity of 72 % and 94 %. Seventy % ASiR LD-CT had a sensitivity and specificity of 87 % and 100 % for detection of calculi >3 mm. CONCLUSION Reconstruction of LD-CT images with 70 % ASiR resulted in superior image quality than FBP, 40 % ASIR and 90 % ASIR. LD-CT with ASIR demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity for detection of calculi >3 mm. TEACHING POINTS • Low-dose CT studies for urinary calculus detection were performed with a mean dose of 0.48 ± 0.07 mSv • Low-dose CT with 70 % ASiR detected calculi >3 mm with a sensitivity and specificity of 87 % and 100 % • Reconstruction with 70 % ASiR was superior to filtered back projection, 40 % ASiR and 90 % ASiR images.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D McLaughlin
- Department of Radiology, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
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Ledley DR, Heimberg RG, Hope DA, Hayes SA, Zaider TI, Dyke MV, Turk CL, Kraus C, Fresco DM. Efficacy of a manualized and workbook-driven individual treatment for social anxiety disorder. Behav Ther 2009; 40:414-24. [PMID: 19892086 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2008.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2008] [Revised: 11/26/2008] [Accepted: 12/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Social anxiety disorder is a prevalent and impairing disorder for which viable cognitive-behavioral therapies exist. However, these treatments have not been easily packaged for dissemination and may be underutilized as a result. The current study reports on the findings of a randomized controlled trial of a manualized and workbook-driven individual cognitive-behavioral treatment for social anxiety disorder (Hope, Heimberg, Juster, & Turk, 2000; Hope, Heimberg, & Turk, 2006). This treatment package was derived from an empirically supported group treatment for social anxiety disorder and intended for broad dissemination, but it has not previously been subjected to empirical examination on its own. As a first step in that examination, 38 clients seeking treatment for social anxiety disorder at either the Adult Anxiety Clinic of Temple University or the Anxiety Disorders Clinic of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln were randomly assigned to receive either immediate treatment with this cognitive-behavioral treatment package or treatment delayed for 20 weeks. Evaluation at the posttreatment/postdelay period revealed substantially greater improvements among immediate treatment clients on interviewer-rated and self-report measures of social anxiety and impairment. Three-month follow-up assessment revealed maintenance of gains. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Roth Ledley
- Department of Psychology,Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122-6085, USA
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Hayes SA, Orsillo SM, Roemer L. Changes in proposed mechanisms of action during an acceptance-based behavior therapy for generalized anxiety disorder. Behav Res Ther 2009; 48:238-45. [PMID: 19962129 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2009.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Revised: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Based on the theory that generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is maintained through a reactive and fused relationship with one's internal experiences and a tendency towards experiential avoidance and behavioral restriction, an acceptance-based behavior therapy (ABBT) was developed to specifically target these elements. Since ABBT has been shown to be an efficacious treatment in previous studies, the current study focuses on proposed mechanisms of change over the course of therapy. Specifically, the current study focuses on session-by-session changes in two proposed mechanisms of change: acceptance of internal experiences and engagement in meaningful activities. Overall, clients receiving ABBT reported an increase in the amount of time spent accepting internal experiences and engaging in valued activities. Change in both acceptance and engagement in meaningful activities was related to responder status at post-treatment and change in these two proposed mechanisms predicted outcome above and beyond change in worry. In addition, change in acceptance was related to reported quality of life at post-treatment.
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Hayes SA, Hope DA, Heimberg RG. The pattern of subjective anxiety during in-session exposures over the course of cognitive-behavioral therapy for clients with social anxiety disorder. Behav Ther 2008; 39:286-99. [PMID: 18721642 PMCID: PMC3962681 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2007.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2006] [Revised: 07/30/2007] [Accepted: 09/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure-based therapies are efficacious treatments for social anxiety disorder (i.e., Gould et al., 1997). Much of the theory behind these treatments is derived from Foa and colleagues' (Foa, Huppert, & Cahill, 2005; Foa & Kozak, 1986) work on emotional processing. However, there has been little research examining individual differences in emotional processing patterns within and between treatment sessions among clients with social anxiety disorder. This study utilized longitudinal data analytic methods to examine changes in subjective anxiety during the first 3 exposure sessions in group and individual cognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder. The results of this study provide preliminary evidence that, although anxiety generally decreases across exposures, some individuals experience considerable fluctuations in anxiety during a single exposure. Although anxiety during the first exposure was not significantly related to outcome, the relationship between anxiety during exposure and outcome became stronger during subsequent exposures. Overall, this study highlights the need to conduct more fine-grained analyses to better understand the mechanisms underlying exposure-based therapies for social anxiety disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Hayes
- Department of Psychology, The University of Massachusetts-Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 2125, USA.
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Hope DA, Burns JA, Hayes SA, Herbert JD, Warner MD. Automatic Thoughts and Cognitive Restructuring in Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder. Cogn Ther Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-007-9147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Hayes SA, Hope DA, VanDyke MM, Heimberg RG. Working Alliance for Clients with Social Anxiety Disorder: Relationship with Session Helpfulness and Within‐Session Habituation. Cogn Behav Ther 2007; 36:34-42. [PMID: 17364650 DOI: 10.1080/16506070600947624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that a strong working alliance encourages clients to take risks during therapy (Raue, Castonguay, & Goldfried, 1993). This encouragement may be important for clients who fear negative evaluations as they engage in risk-taking elements of therapy. This study examined the relationship between working alliance, session helpfulness and measures of emotional processing in 18 clients undergoing cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for social anxiety disorder. Results indicate a positive correlation between client-rated, but not observer-rated, working alliance and session helpfulness. Moderate levels of working alliance were associated with higher initial anxiety and deeper within-session habituation. Overall, a strong alliance was associated with clients engaging with the session and finding the session helpful. Implications for the use of CBT for social anxiety are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Hayes
- University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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DiLillo D, Fortier MA, Hayes SA, Trask E, Perry AR, Messman-Moore T, Fauchier A, Nash C. Retrospective assessment of childhood sexual and physical abuse: a comparison of scaled and behaviorally specific approaches. Assessment 2006; 13:297-312. [PMID: 16880281 DOI: 10.1177/1073191106288391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study compared retrospective reports of childhood sexual and physical abuse as assessed by two measures: the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), which uses a Likert-type scaling approach, and the Computer Assisted Maltreatment Inventory (CAMI), which employs a behaviorally specific means of assessment. Participants included 1,195 undergraduate students recruited from three geographically diverse universities. Agreement was high across the two measures in the classification of victim status (92% and 80% for sexual and physical abuse, respectively). However, the CTQ classified more participants as sexually abused than did the CAMI, whereas the opposite trend was found for physical abuse. For child physical abuse, many participants reporting abusive acts on the CAMI scored below the cut-point for physical abuse on the CTQ. Classification differences for both types of abuse were largely unrelated to demographic factors, socially desirable responding, or self-reported withholding of information. The implications of these results are discussed in light of future research using retrospective methods of assessing childhood abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- David DiLillo
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln 68588-0308, USA.
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Hayes SA, Hope DA, Terryberry-Spohr LS, Spaulding WD, Vandyke M, Elting DT, Poland J, Mohamed S, Garbin CP, Reed D, Sullivan M. Discriminating between cognitive and supportive group therapies for chronic mental illness. J Nerv Ment Dis 2006; 194:603-9. [PMID: 16909069 DOI: 10.1097/01.nmd.0000230635.03400.2d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This descriptive and comparative study employed a Q-sort process to describe common factors of therapy in two group therapies for inpatients with chronic mental illness. While pharmacological treatments for chronic mental illness are prominent, there is growing evidence that cognitive therapy is also efficacious. Groups examined were part of a larger study comparing the added benefits of cognitive versus supportive group therapy to the treatment milieu. In general, items described the therapist's attitudes and behaviors, the participants' attitudes and behaviors, or the group interactions. Results present items that were most and least characteristic of each therapy and items that discriminate between the two modalities. Therapists in both groups demonstrated good therapy skills. However, the cognitive group was described as being more motivated and active than the supportive group, indicating that the groups differed in terms of common as well as specific factors of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Hayes
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0308, USA
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Abstract
Given that social anxiety disorder is a common, chronic, debilitating disorder and socially anxious women appear to have different experiences related to social development and social support than men, it is essential that the gender differences in social anxiety and social support be understood. The present study examined perceived social support quantity and satisfaction in 23 women and 28 men seeking treatment for social anxiety disorder. Contrary to expectations, men and women did not differ on measures of social support. However, younger, unmarried women reported having smaller social support networks and less satisfaction with their social support networks than older, married women. Analyses of socially anxious men did not reveal such a pattern. The current study provides preliminary evidence that younger, single women have social support networks that are less satisfying than the social support networks of older, married women. Inclusion of social support modules within a cognitive behavioral treatment approach for social anxiety disorder may be warranted, particularly for young, unmarried women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Ham
- Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
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Zayfert C, Deviva JC, Becker CB, Pike JL, Gillock KL, Hayes SA. Exposure utilization and completion of cognitive behavioral therapy for PTSD in a "real world" clinical practice. J Trauma Stress 2005; 18:637-45. [PMID: 16382429 DOI: 10.1002/jts.20072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed rates of imaginal exposure therapy (ET) utilization and completion of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a clinical setting and examined variables associated with CBT completion. Using a clinical definition, the completion rate of CBT was markedly lower than rates reported in randomized trials. CBT completion was inversely related to severity of overall pretreatment measures of PTSD, avoidance, hyperarousal, depression, impaired social functioning, and borderline personality disorder. Regression yielded avoidance and depression as unique predictors of completion. Most dropouts occurred before starting imaginal ET, although initiating ET was associated with greater likelihood of completion. Results highlight methodological differences between research and practice notions of treatment completion and the need for further study of variables influencing CBT completion in practice settings.
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Abstract
Researchers have recently explored transdiagnostic anxiety treatments based on models of anxiety emphasizing a single common pathway across diagnostic categories. Results from a previous study [Norton and Hope, in press] indicated that a transdiagnostic approach was effective for both targeted and untargeted anxiety disorders. Consistent with the tripartite model, the transdiagnostic treatment should also influence symptoms of a broader pathology such as negative affectivity. This follow-up to Norton and Hope found significant decreases in depressed mood for clients undergoing transdiagnostic treatment for anxiety when compared to wait-list control participants. Although not statistically established, severity of depressive diagnoses seemed to generally decrease across treatment, whereas no change in severity occurred for those not receiving treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Norton
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5022, USA.
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Abstract
The GATA-like transcription factor gene serpent is necessary for embryonic fat-cell differentiation in Drosophila (Sam, S., Leise, W. and Hoshizaki, D. K. (1996) Mech. Dev. 60, 197–205) and has been proposed to function in a cell-fate choice between fat cell and somatic gonadal precursors (Moore, L. A., Broihier, H. T., Van Doren, M. and Lehmann, R. (1998) Development 125, 837–44; Riechmann, V., Irion, U., Wilson, R., Grosskortenhaus, R. and Leptin, M. (1997) Development 124, 2915–22). Here, we report that deregulated expression of serpent in the mesoderm induces the formation of ectopic fat cells and prevents the migration and coalescence of the somatic gonadal precursors. The ectopic fat cells do not arise from hyperproliferation of the primary fat-cell clusters but they do associate with the endogenous fat cells to form a fat body that is expanded in both the dorsal/ventral and anterior/posterior axes. Misexpression of serpent also affects the differentiation of muscle cells. Few body-wall muscle precursors are specified and there is a loss of most body-wall muscle fibers. The precursors of the visceral mesoderm are also absent and concomitantly the visceral muscle is absent. We suggest that the ectopic fat cells might originate from cells that have the potential, but do not normally, differentiate into fat cells or from cells that have acquired a fat-cell fate. In light of our results, we discuss the role of serpent in fat-cell specification and in cell fate choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Hayes
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Box 454004, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154-4004, USA
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Hayes SA, Zarnegar M, Sharma M, Yang F, Peehl DM, ten Dijke P, Sun Z. SMAD3 represses androgen receptor-mediated transcription. Cancer Res 2001; 61:2112-8. [PMID: 11280774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The androgen-signaling pathway is important in the growth and progression of prostate cancer. Androgen ablation therapy, which may result in programmed cell death, is often used to treat advanced prostate cancer. The growth-promoting effects of androgen are mediated mostly through the androgen receptor (AR). Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) plays critical roles in controlling prostate cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Normal transcripts and proteins of TGF-beta receptors are frequently lost in prostate cancer cells, especially in advanced stages of the disease. However, the mechanisms by which TGF-beta inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells is not clear. We investigated the molecular mechanism by which TGF-beta inhibits transcriptional activation mediated by AR. Using transient transfection systems, we demonstrated that Smad3 specifically represses transcriptional activation mediated by AR on two natural androgen-responsive promoters. This repression is transmitted through TGF-beta signaling and can be regulated by other Smad proteins. A protein-protein interaction between AR and Smad3 was identified in vitro and in vivo, and the transcription activation domain of AR and the MH2 of Smad3 were identified as being responsible for binding. Additional functional experiments showed that the repression of AR by Smad3 is mediated solely through the MH2 domain. These results provide fresh insight for understanding the mechanism by which TGF-beta regulates the androgen-signaling pathway in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Hayes
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94303, USA
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Hayes SA, Mellinger DK, Croll DA, Costa DP, Borsani JF. An inexpensive passive acoustic system for recording and localizing wild animal sounds. J Acoust Soc Am 2000; 107:3552-3555. [PMID: 10875400 DOI: 10.1121/1.429424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Shiyanov P, Hayes SA, Donepudi M, Nichols AF, Linn S, Slagle BL, Raychaudhuri P. The naturally occurring mutants of DDB are impaired in stimulating nuclear import of the p125 subunit and E2F1-activated transcription. Mol Cell Biol 1999; 19:4935-43. [PMID: 10373543 PMCID: PMC84302 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.19.7.4935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/1999] [Accepted: 04/23/1999] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human UV-damaged-DNA binding protein DDB has been linked to the repair deficiency disease xeroderma pigmentosum group E (XP-E), because a subset of XP-E patients lack the damaged-DNA binding function of DDB. Moreover, the microinjection of purified DDB complements the repair deficiency in XP-E cells lacking DDB. Two naturally occurring XP-E mutations of DDB, 82TO and 2RO, have been characterized. They have single amino acid substitutions (K244E and R273H) within the WD motif of the p48 subunit of DDB, and the mutated proteins lack the damaged-DNA binding activity. In this report, we describe a new function of the p48 subunit of DDB, which reveals additional defects in the function of the XP-E mutants. We show that when the subunits of DDB were expressed individually, p48 localized in the nucleus and p125 localized in the cytoplasm. The coexpression of p125 with p48 resulted in an increased accumulation of p125 in the nucleus, indicating that p48 plays a critical role in the nuclear localization of p125. The mutant forms of p48, 2RO and 82TO, are deficient in stimulating the nuclear accumulation of the p125 subunit of DDB. In addition, the mutant 2RO fails to form a stable complex with the p125 subunit of DDB. Our previous studies indicated that DDB can associate with the transcription factor E2F1 and can function as a transcriptional partner of E2F1. Here we show that the two mutants, while they associate with E2F1 as efficiently as wild-type p48, are severely impaired in stimulating E2F1-activated transcription. This is consistent with our observation that both subunits of DDB are required to stimulate E2F1-activated transcription. The results provide insights into the functions of the subunits of DDB and suggest a possible link between the role of DDB in E2F1-activated transcription and the repair deficiency disease XP-E.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Shiyanov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Hayes
- Department of Physiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA
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Pfister RR, Paterson CA, Hayes SA. Effects of topical 10% ascorbate solution on established corneal ulcers after severe alkali burns. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1982; 22:382-5. [PMID: 7061209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
When established corneal ulcers induced by alkali burning were treated with 10% ascorbate drops, no perforation occurred, in contrast to a 25% incidence in the control group. If perforations and descemetoceles were grouped together, these difference became insignificant (i.e., 14.2% ascorbate-treated vs. 25% control). Prolongation of descemetocele presence without perforation in the ascorbate-treated group indicated some therapeutic effect. We conclude that topical ascorbate does not substantially alter the outcome of established corneal ulcers.
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Pfister RR, Hayes SA, Paterson CA. The influence of parenteral ascorbate on the strength of corneal wounds. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981; 21:80-6. [PMID: 7251304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Rabbits receiving subcutaneous ascorbate after corneal wounding showed significant elevation of aqueous humor ascorbate levels but no enhancement of wound breaking strength when compared to controls. In a second group of rabbits, perilimbal alkali burning reduced aqueous humor ascorbate levels one-half to one-third normal. In these perilimbally burned eyes with wounds in clear cornea, subcutaneous ascorbate significantly raised the aqueous humor ascorbate level and enhanced breaking wound strength compared to controls. We conclude that parenterally administered ascorbate has no salutory effect on the breaking strength of corneal wounds in the normal rabbit eye. In contrast, subcutaneous ascorbate has a very favorable effect on the breaking strengths of corneal wounds in those eye with depressed aqueous humor ascorbate.
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Pfister RR, Paterson CA, Spiers JW, Hayes SA. The efficacy of ascorbate treatment after severe experimental alkali burns depends upon the route of administration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1980; 19:1526-9. [PMID: 7440108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Rabbit eyes were subjected to severe alkali burns (35 sec, 12 mm, 1N sodium hydroxide). In one experiment, rabbits in the treated group received a daily subcutaneous injection of neutralized ascorbic acid solution (0.5 gm/kg body weight), while control animals received no treatment. At the termination of the experiment (30 days), 11 of 16 eyes (68.8%) in the control group had ulcerated or formed descemetoceles, and in the experimental (treated) group, 15 of 20 eyes (75%) had ulcerated, formed descemetoceles, or perforated. In a second experiment, burned rabbits received topical 10% ascorbic acid while control eyes were given the vehicle only. At the termination of the experiment (34 days), 16 of 20 eyes (80%) in the control group had ulcerated or perforated, compared to five of 18 eyes (27.8%) in the ascorbate treated groups. The failure of systemic administration of ascorbic acid to prevent corneal ulceration could be explained on the basis of inadequate penetration of ascorbic acid into the anterior segment of severely burned rabbit eyes. On the other hand, immediate topical treatment of identically burned rabbit eyes achieved greatly elevated aqueous humor ascorbate levels and provided substantial protection from corneal ulceration and perforation.
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Hayes SA. The new product committee looks at old products. Hosp Purch Manage 1980; 5:11-2. [PMID: 10245828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Pfister RR, Paterson CA, Hayes SA. Topical ascorbate decreases the incidence of corneal ulceration after experimental alkali burns. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1978; 17:1019-24. [PMID: 700951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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