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Boone DM, Stromberg S, Fritz A, Rodriguez JH, Gregus S, Faith MA. Relationships Among Parenting Stress and Well-Being, COVID-19 Information Management, and Children's COVID-19 Fear. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2022; 43:e581-e589. [PMID: 35947805 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000001116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During the COVID-19 pandemic, caregivers who are facing high stress levels and decreased emotional well-being may parent their children differently. Certain children are experiencing greater fear in response to COVID-19, and research is needed to identify parenting behaviors significantly linked with children's COVID-19 fear. The purpose of this article was to evaluate whether the association between parenting stress and children's COVID-19 fear could be explained by parents' COVID-19 information management and emotional well-being. METHODS Participants were recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk. The sample consisted of 595 caregivers of children during the COVID-19 pandemic; 40.0% men, 69.2% non-Latinx White, 12.1% Black, 10.1% Latinx, 6.6% Asian, and <2% others. Children had an average age of 11.3 years. Parents completed self-report measures. RESULTS The bootstrapped confidence interval (0.040, 0.148) for the indirect effect (0.090) revealed that parent emotional well-being significantly mediated the relation between parenting stress and children's COVID-19 fear. In addition, parent management of children's COVID-19 knowledge significantly mediated the relation between parenting stress and children's COVID-19 fear. CONCLUSION We found that the combined effect of parents' emotional well-being and parents' management of children's COVID-19 knowledge significantly mediated the positive relation between parenting stress and children's COVID-19 fear. Based on our findings, once parents' parenting stress is decreased and their well-being increases, parents may be more likely to provide children with developmentally appropriate and accurate COVID-19 information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianna M Boone
- Center for Behavioral Health, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - Sarah Stromberg
- Center for Behavioral Health, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - Alyssa Fritz
- Center for Behavioral Health, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL
| | | | - Samantha Gregus
- Department of Psychology, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas
| | - Melissa A Faith
- Center for Behavioral Health, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Feldman MA, King CK, Vitale S, Denhardt B, Stroup S, Reese J, Stromberg S. The impact of COVID-19 on adolescents with eating disorders: Increased need for medical stabilization and decreased access to care. Int J Eat Disord 2022; 56:257-262. [PMID: 35906993 PMCID: PMC9353287 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify trends of patients with eating disorders (EDs) requiring hospitalization before and during the pandemic at a children's hospital in the southeastern United States. METHOD A retrospective chart review was completed for 71 adolescents and young adults (ages 10-21 years; M = 14.61, SD = 2.121). RESULTS Results indicated a 188% increase in ED hospital admissions since the pandemic, with patients presenting with increased rates of comorbid mental health diagnoses (p = .009). During COVID-19, the development of temporary outpatient multidisciplinary discharge plans (i.e., "bridge plans") were utilized more often due to difficulties accessing the appropriate level of care (p = .039). DISCUSSION Results suggest a significant increase in youth requiring medical stabilization for EDs since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic (2.9 times more than prepandemic), as well as a need for greater advocacy to increase specialized mental health services along the full continuum of care. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study brings awareness to the significant increase in patients needing medical stabilization secondary to restrictive EDs and increased rates of comorbid mental health diagnoses in this patient population since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients during COVID-19 were less likely to directly transition to treatment likely secondary to the strain COVID-19 placed on mental health systems/treatment centers. Increased advocacy for specialized care for eating disorder patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa A. Feldman
- Division of PsychologyJohns Hopkins All Children's HospitalSt. PetersburgFloridaUSA
| | - Callie K. King
- Division of PsychologyJohns Hopkins All Children's HospitalSt. PetersburgFloridaUSA
| | - Sarah Vitale
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical PsychologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | - Brenna Denhardt
- Division of Nutrition, Johns Hopkins All Children's HospitalSt. PetersburgFloridaUSA
| | - Susan Stroup
- Division of Social Work, Johns Hopkins All Children's HospitalSt. PetersburgFloridaUSA
| | - Jasmine Reese
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johns Hopkins All Children's HospitalSt. PetersburgFloridaUSA
| | - Sarah Stromberg
- Division of PsychologyJohns Hopkins All Children's HospitalSt. PetersburgFloridaUSA
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Denhardt B, Stromberg S, Reese J, Parton J, Ellis A. Evaluation of Body Composition in Adolescents with Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder. J Acad Nutr Diet 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.06.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Faith MA, El-Behadli AF, Frazee LA, Pratt CD, Stromberg S. Parents' emotion socialization beliefs moderate relations between parent and patient coping, but not sibling coping, with pediatric cancer. Psychooncology 2019; 28:1559-1566. [PMID: 31134704 DOI: 10.1002/pon.5132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated (a) differences in parents' emotion socialization (ES) beliefs for patients/siblings, (b) whether parents' ES beliefs predict patient/sibling coping, and (c) whether parents' ES beliefs moderate links between parent and patient/sibling coping with pediatric cancer. METHOD This was a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study of 134 pediatric cancer patients, their caregiver, and their nearest-age sibling. Participants could complete measures themselves via paper-and-pencil or telephone, or researchers could read questions aloud. RESULTS Parents' ES beliefs differed for patients/siblings. ES beliefs did not directly predict patient/sibling coping but did moderate relations between parent and patient coping. CONCLUSIONS Despite extent literature promoting universal emotion coaching ES, our study indicates that ES beliefs might have a complex relation with parent coping in predicting patient coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Faith
- Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Institute of Brain Protection Sciences, St. Petersburg, Florida.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Ana F El-Behadli
- Children's Health-Children's Medical Center, Pauline Allen Gill Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Dallas, Texas.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Laura A Frazee
- Children's Health-Children's Medical Center, Pauline Allen Gill Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Dallas, Texas.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Chelsea D Pratt
- Children's Health-Children's Medical Center, Pauline Allen Gill Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Dallas, Texas.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sarah Stromberg
- Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Institute of Brain Protection Sciences, St. Petersburg, Florida
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Gowey MA, Stromberg S, Lim CS, Janicke DM. The Moderating Role of Body Dissatisfaction in the Relationship between ADHD Symptoms and Disordered Eating in Pediatric Overweight and Obesity. Child Health Care 2015; 46:15-33. [PMID: 28286355 PMCID: PMC5342252 DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2015.1065745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying factors linked to disordered eating in overweight and obesity (OV/OB) may provide a better understanding of youth at risk for disordered eating. This project examined whether ADHD symptoms and body dissatisfaction were associated with disordered eating. METHODS ADHD symptoms, disordered eating, and body dissatisfaction were assessed in 220 youth ages 7-12 who were OV/OB. RESULTS Multiple linear regressions showed that body dissatisfaction and ADHD symptoms were associated with disordered eating. DISCUSSION Children with ADHD symptoms and OV/OB may be at greater risk for disordered eating when highly dissatisfied with their bodies. Healthcare providers should assess body image and disordered eating in youth with comorbid OV/OB and ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa A Gowey
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, PO Box 100165, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Sarah Stromberg
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, PO Box 100165, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Crystal S Lim
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State St., Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
| | - David M Janicke
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, PO Box 100165, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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Russell MEB, Hoffman B, Stromberg S, Carlson CR. Use of controlled diaphragmatic breathing for the management of motion sickness in a virtual reality environment. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2015; 39:269-77. [PMID: 25280524 DOI: 10.1007/s10484-014-9265-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Evidence indicates that activation of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) suppresses physiological responses associated with motion sickness. Research also shows paced breathing increases PNS activation; the current study examines the use of paced diaphragmatic breathing (DB) training to quell motion sickness symptoms. Healthy participants (N = 60) were pre-screened for motion sickness susceptibility. Participants were then randomly assigned to either a control condition, focusing on environmental awareness, or to an experimental condition implementing paced DB. Following this, participants were exposed to a virtual reality (VR) motion sickness experience, while heart rate variability, breathing rate (RPM), and motion sickness ratings were collected. Results demonstrated participants in the DB condition had higher PNS activation and reported fewer motion sickness symptoms during the VR experience than the participants in the control condition. Results suggest that the DB protocol can be used to significantly increase PNS tone and decrease the development of motion sickness symptoms.
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Abstract
Terodiline was concomitantly administered intravenously (12.5 mg) and orally ([2H]terodiline, 12.5 mg) to 10 healthy volunteers. In four of the subjects, a tracer dose of the intravenously given terodiline was 3H-labeled. In a separate study, six subjects were given [3H]terodiline orally. Estimated pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: systemic clearance, 93 mL/min; renal clearance, 14 mL/min; volume of distribution at steady-state, 407 L; terminal half-life, 54 h; and mean residence time, 77 h. After intravenous infusion, a rapid distribution phase (half-life, 4.5 min) could be observed. The maximum serum concentration after the oral dose was 29 micrograms/L and the time to maximum concentration was 5 h (estimated by noncompartmental analysis). Absorption commenced within the first hour and by deconvolution the maximum rate of absorption was determined to occur between 1 and 3 h, and by 3.4 h 90% of the available dose had been absorbed. Calculation of bioavailability by noncompartmental AUC, two-compartmental analysis, urinary excretion, and 24-h oral/intravenous concentration ratio gave similar results (ANOVA test, not significant). About 75% and 25% of administered radioactivity could be recovered in urine and feces, respectively. Intact terodiline in feces accounted for about 1% of the dose. p-Hydroxyterodiline was quantitated in feces and accounted for about 5% of the dose. Another metabolite, 3,4-dihydroxyterodiline, which has not previously been detected in urine or serum, was also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hallén
- Kabi Pharmacia AB, Department of Pharmacokinetics, Stockholm, Sweden
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Norén B, Stromberg S, Ericsson O, Olsson LI, Moses P. Biotransformation of terodiline I. Identification of metabolites in dog urine by mass spectrometry. Biomed Mass Spectrom 1985; 12:367-79. [PMID: 2931126 DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200120804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Nine metabolites of terodiline (N-tert-butyl-4,4-diphenyl-2-butylamine) have been identified in dog urine by various chromatographic techniques and mass spectrometry. The main metabolic pathway is aromatic hydroxylation, leading to the quantitatively most important metabolite, N-tert-butyl-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-2-butylamine, and to two dihydroxylated metabolites, one mono substituted in both rings (N-tert-butyl-4,4'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butylamine), and one disubstituted in one ring (N-tert-butyl-4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-2-butylamine). The latter is further metabolized by methylation, forming N-tert-butyl-4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-2-butylamine, the second most abundant metabolite. Still another metabolite is formed by hydroxylation in the tert-butyl group to N-(2-hydroxymethyl-2-propyl)-4,4-diphenyl-2-butylamine. A very minor dihydroxylated metabolite results from oxidation both in an aromatic ring and in the tert-butyl group, giving N-(2-hydroxymethyl-2-propyl)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-2-butylamine. Oxidation of the carbon adjacent to the nitrogen and subsequent deamination gives the two ketones 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-2-butanone and 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-2-butanone. Reduction of the carbonyl function in the former yields the corresponding alcohol, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-2-butanol. Some unchanged terodiline is also present. All metabolites formed by functionalization appear to be extensively conjugated, presumably with glucuronic acid.
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