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Kimbi Yaah VB, Ahmadi S, Quimbayo M J, Morales-Torres S, Ojala S. Recent technologies for glyphosate removal from aqueous environment: A critical review. Environ Res 2024; 240:117477. [PMID: 37918766 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The growing demand for food has led to an increase in the use of herbicides and pesticides over the years. One of the most widely used herbicides is glyphosate (GLY). It has been used extensively since 1974 for weed control and is currently classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a Group 2A substance, probably carcinogenic to humans. The industry and academia have some disagreements regarding GLY toxicity in humans and its effects on the environment. Even though this herbicide is not mentioned in the WHO water guidelines, some countries have decided to set maximum acceptable concentrations in tap water, while others have decided to ban its use in crop production completely. Researchers around the world have employed different technologies to remove or degrade GLY, mostly at the laboratory scale. Water treatment plants combine different technologies to remove it alongside other water pollutants, in some cases achieving acceptable removal efficiencies. Certainly, there are many challenges in upscaling purification technologies due to the costs and lack of factual information about their adverse effects. This review presents different technologies that have been used to remove GLY from water since 2012 to date, its detection and removal methods, challenges, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velma Beri Kimbi Yaah
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu. Oulu, Finland; NanoTech - Nanomaterials and Sustainable Chemical Technologies. Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Avda. Fuente Nueva, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Sajad Ahmadi
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu. Oulu, Finland
| | - Jennyffer Quimbayo M
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu. Oulu, Finland; Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit (NANOMO), Faculty of Science, University of Oulu. Oulu, Finland
| | - Sergio Morales-Torres
- NanoTech - Nanomaterials and Sustainable Chemical Technologies. Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Avda. Fuente Nueva, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Satu Ojala
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu. Oulu, Finland
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2
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Päivärinta-Antikainen S, Huovinen M, Ojala S, Matějová L, Keiski RL, Vähäkangas KH. Leaching of metals from red mud and toxicity in human cells in vitro. Chemosphere 2023; 332:138807. [PMID: 37121288 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity of red mud, a waste from alumina production, was studied using human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Culture medium was prepared by mixing water for 3 days with the red mud and removing solid particles afterwards (red mud water). Culture for 48 h of the cells in this medium in neutral pH decreased the cell viability, as analyzed by the MTT-test, and increased the formation of reactive oxygen species. Thus, neutralization does not eliminate the toxicity of red mud. In preliminary experiments, a combined effect of five metals (Cr, Li, V, Al, As) increased the formation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) statistically significantly. Each element separately did not have a similar effect. In environmental applications, red mud is likely to be used after activation. In this work, the red mud was activated using hydrochloric acid to study the physical and chemical properties before and after the treatment. Activation increased the specific surface area of red mud from 16 m2 g-1 to 148 m2 g-1, which is beneficial in many environmental applications such as in the adsorptive removal of pollutants. After activation, leaching of some elements from the red mud decreased (e.g. Al from 38.0 to 0.56 mg L-1, As from 21.0 to 2.1 μg L-1, V from 172.0 to 29.8 μg L-1) while some increased (e.g. Li from 0.04 to 2.81 mg L-1, Cr from 0.35 to 3.23 mg L-1).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marjo Huovinen
- School of Pharmacy/Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Satu Ojala
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lenka Matějová
- Institute of Environmental Technology, CEET, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Riitta L Keiski
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kirsi H Vähäkangas
- School of Pharmacy/Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Sales P, de Souza K, Bezerra A, Ojala S, de Oliveira S, dos Santos P, Bara MT. How Sodiation Influences the Sucralose Behavior under Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Braz J Anal Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.30744/brjac.2179-3425.tn-99-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the detection of sucralose sodium adduct under electrospray ionization in mass spectrometry analysis is a common analysis method, but its high chemical stability is not fully understood. In this work, we use quantum chemistry calculations and mass spectrometry data to understand why sodiated sucralose presents this behavior in mass spectrometry conditions. The potential energy and the position of sodium ions were evaluated using different basis sets in order to comprehend the importance of sodiation in sucralose properties. Quantum-chemical calculations show higher reliability to explain the behavior of sucralose sodium adduct under mass spectrometry conditions, especially when its molecular geometry and potential energies are evaluated.
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Pyöriä P, Ojala S, Nätti J. Precarious work increases depression-based disability among male employees. Eur J Public Health 2021; 31:1223-1230. [PMID: 34254115 PMCID: PMC8643409 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precarious employment is a potent occupational health risk, but little is known about its association with work-related disability and its causes. This study analyzes whether employment precariousness is associated with receiving disability pension (DP) due to depression and whether this differs according to gender. METHODS Statistics Finland's Quality of Work Life Surveys (1997, 2003, 2008 and 2013) were merged with register-based DP data obtained from the Finnish Centre for Pensions. The survey material was used to measure employment precariousness using five variables: fear of job loss, poor employability prospects, previous unemployment, low earnings and temporary contracts. We followed 20-60-year-old employees until 2016 and studied Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) for receiving DP among women and men, adjusting for sociodemographic covariates, working conditions and health at baseline. RESULTS The overall risk of receiving DP tended to increase as precarious job features accumulated. Among men, a higher risk of receiving DP due to depression was associated with previous unemployment [HR 2.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-4.2] and poor employability (HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3-4.7), whereas no corresponding association was found among women. CONCLUSIONS Employment precariousness may reflect a psychological stress mechanism that predisposes the individual to mental health problems, predicting future disability. Work disability risk shows gendered differences depending on the cause of DP. Promoting employability at workplace and policy levels could offset the health risks associated with precariousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasi Pyöriä
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Satu Ojala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jouko Nätti
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Ojala S, Laitinen T, Leneuf de Neufville S, Honkanen M, Vippola M, Huuhtanen M, Keiski RL. Vanadia-Zirconia and Vanadia-Hafnia Catalysts for Utilization of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14185265. [PMID: 34576490 PMCID: PMC8467847 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Utilization is a sustainable and interesting alternative for the destructive treatment of volatile organic compounds due to avoided CO2 emission. This work concentrates on the development of active and sulfur-tolerant catalysts for the utilization of contaminated methanol. Impregnated and sol-gel prepared vanadia-zirconia and vanadia-hafnia catalysts were thoroughly characterized by N2 sorption, analytical (S)TEM, elemental analysis, XRD and Raman spectroscopy, and their performances were evaluated in formaldehyde production from methanol and methanethiol mixture. The results showed higher activity of the sol-gel prepared catalysts due to formation of mono- and polymeric vanadia species. Unfortunately, the most active vanadia sites were deactivated more easily than the metal-mixed oxide HfV2O7 and ZrV2O7 phases, as well as crystalline V2O5 observed in the impregnated catalysts. Metal-mixed oxide phases were formed in impregnated catalysts through formation of defects in HfO2 and ZrO2 structure during calcination at 600 °C, which was evidenced by Raman spectroscopy. The sol-gel prepared vanadia-zirconia and vanadia-hafnia catalysts were able to produce formaldehyde from contaminated methanol with high selectivity at temperature around 400 °C, while impregnated catalysts required 50-100 °C higher temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Ojala
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland; (T.L.); (M.H.); (R.L.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tiina Laitinen
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland; (T.L.); (M.H.); (R.L.K.)
| | - Sian Leneuf de Neufville
- Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Poitiers, Universite de Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France;
| | - Mari Honkanen
- Tampere Microscopy Center, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland; (M.H.); (M.V.)
| | - Minnamari Vippola
- Tampere Microscopy Center, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland; (M.H.); (M.V.)
| | - Mika Huuhtanen
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland; (T.L.); (M.H.); (R.L.K.)
| | - Riitta L. Keiski
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, 90570 Oulu, Finland; (T.L.); (M.H.); (R.L.K.)
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Khallok H, Zbair M, Ojala S, Ainassaari K, Brahmi R, Keiski RL, Hatim Z. Ceramic hydroxyapatite foam as a new material for Bisphenol A removal from contaminated water. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:17739-17751. [PMID: 33400119 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12076-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ceramic hydroxyapatite foam (CF-HAP) was prepared by combining slip-casting and foaming methods. The prepared CF-HAP was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), physisorption of N2, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results of the specific surface area and SEM analyses revealed that the used shaping method provides CF-HAP with a wide range of porosity including macro and mesopores. Based on FTIR and XRD analyses, the CF-HAP is similar to pure well-crystallized hydroxyapatite. The adsorption results revealed that 94% of the BPA with a concentration of (40 mg/L) was effectively removed from the water and that the maximum adsorption capacity was higher in acidic than in basic medium. The thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption reaction was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The adsorption capacity increased with the temperature and the BPA is chemisorbed on the ceramic foam. The isotherm data fitted slightly better with the Liu than with the Freundlich and Langmuir models suggesting that the adsorption was homogeneous and occurred only in the monolayer. The adsorption process depends largely on the BPA concentration and the results fitted well with the pseudo-first-order model. This confirms that the interaction between the BPA and the CF-HAP was mainly chemical in nature. The FTIR analysis of the used and fresh CF-HAP showed that all the hydroxyl and phosphorus bands characteristic of the hydroxyapatite shifted after adsorption of Bisphenol A. This suggests that the adsorption of Bisphenol A occurred in the sites of the hydroxyapatite. Therefore, it can be concluded that the CF-HAP has the potential to be used as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment and purification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Khallok
- Team of Energy, Materials, and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco.
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Mohamed Zbair
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Corrosion of Materials (LCCM), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University of Chouaïb Doukkali, BP.20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco.
| | - Satu Ojala
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kaisu Ainassaari
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Rachid Brahmi
- Laboratory of Coordination and Analytical Chemistry (LCCA), University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Riitta L Keiski
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zineb Hatim
- Team of Energy, Materials, and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
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Rathnayake B, Heponiemi A, Huovinen M, Ojala S, Pirilä M, Loikkanen J, Azalim S, Saouabe M, Brahmi R, Vähäkangas K, Lassi U, Keiski RL. Photocatalysis and catalytic wet air oxidation: Degradation and toxicity of bisphenol A containing wastewaters. Environ Technol 2020; 41:3272-3283. [PMID: 30958104 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1604817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a commonly used chemical in consumer products. It is an endocrine disrupter that has potentially significant negative effects on human health. The use and chemical stability of BPA have resulted in the appearance of the chemical in wastewaters. Since the current wastewater treatment technologies are not effective enough to remove BPA, new methods to degrade BPA are required. In this paper, we report the efforts made towards developing a bi-functional catalyst for consecutive catalytic wet air oxidation-photocatalytic water treatment. It was found that 2.5% Pt/Ti0.8Ce0.2O2 is a potential bi-functional catalyst for the consecutive treatment. Concentration and toxicity of BPA were successfully reduced by catalytic wet air oxidation. Although BPA was further reduced by photocatalysis, it was not reflected in further decrease of cell toxicity. Thus wet-air oxidation combined with photocatalysis is a promising approach for the reduction of BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Heponiemi
- Sustainable Chemistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjo Huovinen
- School of Pharmacy/Toxicology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Satu Ojala
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Minna Pirilä
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jarkko Loikkanen
- School of Pharmacy/Toxicology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Saïd Azalim
- Sustainable Chemistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Physics, St John's University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed Saouabe
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Rachid Brahmi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Kirsi Vähäkangas
- School of Pharmacy/Toxicology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ulla Lassi
- Sustainable Chemistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riitta L Keiski
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Nevanperä TK, Pitkäaho S, Ojala S, Keiski RL. Oxidation of Dichloromethane over Au, Pt, and Pt-Au Containing Catalysts Supported on γ-Al 2O 3 and CeO 2-Al 2O 3. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204644. [PMID: 33053885 PMCID: PMC7587384 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Au, Pt, and Pt-Au catalysts supported on Al2O3 and CeO2-Al2O3 were studied in the oxidation of dichloromethane (DCM, CH2Cl2). High DCM oxidation activities and HCl selectivities were seen with all the catalysts. With the addition of Au, remarkably lower light-off temperatures were observed as they were reduced by 70 and 85 degrees with the Al2O3-supported and by 35 and 40 degrees with the CeO2-Al2O3-supported catalysts. Excellent HCl selectivities close to 100% were achieved with the Au/Al2O3 and Pt-Au/Al2O3 catalysts. The addition of ceria on alumina decreased the total acidity of these catalysts, resulting in lower performance. The 100-h stability test showed that the Pt-Au/Al2O3 catalyst was active and durable, but the selectivity towards the total oxidation products needs improvement. The results suggest that, with the Au-containing Al2O3-supported catalysts, DCM decomposition mainly occurs via direct DCM hydrolysis into formaldehyde and HCl followed by the oxidation of formaldehyde into CO and CO2.
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El Ouahedy N, Zbair M, Ojala S, Brahmi R, Pirault-Roy L. Porous carbon materials derived from olive kernels: application in adsorption of organic pollutants. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:29967-29982. [PMID: 32440882 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09268-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption of organic pollutants (OPs), bisphenol A, and diuron, from aqueous solutions onto porous carbon materials (CMs) prepared from olive kernels, have been investigated. The effects of initial pH, initial OP concentration, temperature, and contact time on the adsorption capacity were studied. The adsorption of bisphenol A and diuron onto CMs was found to be optimal at pH 5.6 and 6.9, respectively. It was noticed that the adsorption of those organic pollutants from aqueous solution declined with increasing temperature and the process is exothermic. The rate of adsorption followed the second order kinetic equation. The equilibrium results showed that Langmuir model fits well with the data. The maximum adsorption capacities obtained using the best CM were 476 and 434 mg g-1 for BPA and diuron, respectively. The results showed that CMs made from olive kernels are an excellent and inexpensive biomass waste-derived sorbent. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia El Ouahedy
- Laboratory of Coordination and Analytical Chemistry (LCCA), University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Université de Poitiers UMR 7285 CNRS, 4, Rue M. Brunet, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France
| | - Mohamed Zbair
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Satu Ojala
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Rachid Brahmi
- Laboratory of Coordination and Analytical Chemistry (LCCA), University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Laurence Pirault-Roy
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), Université de Poitiers UMR 7285 CNRS, 4, Rue M. Brunet, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 9, France.
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Pietiläinen M, Nätti J, Ojala S. Perceived gender discrimination at work and subsequent long-term sickness absence among Finnish employed women. Eur J Public Health 2020; 30:311-316. [PMID: 31697306 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Discrimination has many kinds of consequences for employees and their well-being. This is an important aspect when considering certain issues, such as the need to prolong working careers. The objective of this study is to investigate the association of perceived gender discrimination at work with subsequent long-term sickness absence among Finnish employed women. METHODS We used a representative sample of Finnish employed women (n = 8000) merged with register-based follow-up data. We examined the relationships of control variables with gender discrimination using cross tabulation, and the relationships of the controls with subsequent sickness absences were examined using analyses of variance. The effects of gender discrimination on long-term sickness absence were analysed using a negative binomial model. RESULTS Perceived gender discrimination increased long-term sickness absence among employed women after controlling for age discrimination, various background, work and health-related factors. Employed women reporting perceived gender discrimination had a 1.4-times higher incidence rate ratios (IRR) of long-term sickness absence than those not reporting perceived gender discrimination. The association was strongest among upper-level socioeconomic group (IRR 2.2) in the adjusted model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that gender discrimination at work is a risk factor for long sickness absence among women. Therefore, it is essential to increase awareness and prevention of discrimination to reduce negative gender-based treatment at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjut Pietiläinen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Statistics Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouko Nätti
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Satu Ojala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Laitinen T, Ojala S, Cousin R, Koivikko N, Poupin C, El Assal Z, Aho A, Keiski RL. Activity, selectivity, and stability of vanadium catalysts in formaldehyde production from emissionsof volatile organic compounds. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Zbair M, Ojala S, Khallok H, Ainassaari K, El Assal Z, Hatim Z, Keiski RL, Bensitel M, Brahmi R. Structured carbon foam derived from waste biomass: application to endocrine disruptor adsorption. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:32589-32599. [PMID: 31630351 PMCID: PMC6875152 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06302-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel structured carbon foam has been prepared from argan nut shell (ANS) was developed and applied in bisphenol A (BPA) removal from water. The results showed that the prepared carbon foam remove 93% of BPA (60 mg/L). The BPA equilibrium data obeyed the Liu isotherm, displaying a maximum uptake capacity of 323.0 mg/g at 20 °C. The calculated free enthalpy change (∆H° = - 4.8 kJ/mol) indicated the existence of physical adsorption between BPA and carbon foam. Avrami kinetic model was able to explain the experimental results. From the regeneration tests, we conclude that the prepared carbon foam has a good potential to be used as an economic and efficient adsorbent for BPA removal from contaminated water. Based on these results and the fact that the developed structured carbon foam is very easy to separate from treated water, it can serve as an interesting material for real water treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zbair
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Corrosion of Materials (LCCM), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chouaïb Doukkali, BP 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco
- Faculty of Technology, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 4300, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Satu Ojala
- Faculty of Technology, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 4300, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Hamza Khallok
- Team of Energy, Materials, and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
- Laboratory of Coordination and Analytical Chemistry (LCCA), University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Kaisu Ainassaari
- Faculty of Technology, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 4300, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zouhair El Assal
- Faculty of Technology, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 4300, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zineb Hatim
- Team of Energy, Materials, and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Riitta L Keiski
- Faculty of Technology, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 4300, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mohamed Bensitel
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Corrosion of Materials (LCCM), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chouaïb Doukkali, BP 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Rachid Brahmi
- Laboratory of Coordination and Analytical Chemistry (LCCA), University Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
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Peutere L, Ojala S, Lipiäinen L, Järvinen KM, Saari T, Pyöriä P. Relational justice, economic fluctuations, and long-term sickness absence: a multi-cohort study. Scand J Work Environ Health 2019; 45:413-420. [PMID: 30809681 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.3806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Previous studies mainly based on the public sector show that organizational justice is associated with a lower risk of sickness absence (SA). The purpose of this study is to analyze this association with multi-cohort data from different employment sectors and to discover whether the association varies according to the general economic context or financial situation of the workplace. Methods Cross-sectional Finnish Quality of Work Life surveys from 1997, 2003, and 2008 were combined with data on long-term SA obtained from the Finnish Social Security Institution. The associations between SA periods in the three years following each survey and perceived relational justice, general economic context, and the perceived financial situation of the workplace were analyzed with negative binomial regression. Results Higher level of relational justice was statistically significantly associated with lower rate of SA after controlling for baseline health, but not after controlling for job control and job demands. An interaction was found with relational justice and the financial situation of the workplace. Higher level of relational justice was related to a lower risk of SA when the financial situation of the workplace was stable, but there was a higher risk of SA when the financial situation was insecure. Conclusions The association between relational justice and a lower risk of SA is in line with previous studies when the financial situation of the workplace is stable. In unstable economic conditions, employees may have the courage to take sick leave when they are ill if they are fairly treated by their supervisor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Peutere
- Laura Peutere, MSc, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, FI-33014 Tampere University, Finland.
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Zbair M, Ainassaari K, El Assal Z, Ojala S, El Ouahedy N, Keiski RL, Bensitel M, Brahmi R. Steam activation of waste biomass: highly microporous carbon, optimization of bisphenol A, and diuron adsorption by response surface methodology. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:35657-35671. [PMID: 30353441 PMCID: PMC6280859 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Highly microporous carbons were prepared from argan nut shell (ANS) using steam activation method. The carbons prepared (ANS@H2O-30, ANS@H2O-90, and ANS@H2O-120) were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, nitrogen adsorption, total X-ray fluorescence, and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). The ANS@H2O-120 was found to have a high surface area of 2853 m2/g. The adsorption of bisphenol A and diuron on ANS@H2O-120 was investigated. The isotherm data were fitted using Langmuir and Freundlich models. Langmuir isotherm model presented the best fit to the experimental data suggesting micropore filling of ANS@H2O-120. The ANS@H2O-120 adsorbent demonstrated high monolayer adsorption capacity of 1408 and 1087 mg/g for bisphenol A and diuron, respectively. The efficiency of the adsorption was linked to the porous structure and to the availability of the surface adsorption sites on ANS@H2O-120. Response surface method was used to optimize the removal efficiency of bisphenol A and diuron on ANS@H2O-120 from aqueous solution. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zbair
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Corrosion of Materials (LCCM), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University of Chouaïb Doukkali, BP 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco.
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Kaisu Ainassaari
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Zouhair El Assal
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Satu Ojala
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nadia El Ouahedy
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Corrosion of Materials (LCCM), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University of Chouaïb Doukkali, BP 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Riitta L Keiski
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mohammed Bensitel
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Corrosion of Materials (LCCM), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University of Chouaïb Doukkali, BP 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Rachid Brahmi
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Corrosion of Materials (LCCM), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University of Chouaïb Doukkali, BP 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco
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Ojala S, Pyöriä P. Mobile knowledge workers and traditional mobile workers: Assessing the prevalence of multi-locational work in Europe. Acta Sociol 2018; 61:402-418. [PMID: 30369614 PMCID: PMC6187491 DOI: 10.1177/0001699317722593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This article contributes to the discussion on flexible working by assessing empirically the prevalence of mobile, multi-locational work in Europe (EU-28, Norway and Switzerland). Drawing on data from the Sixth European Working Conditions Survey, the prevalence of multi-locational work across Europe is examined in terms of the knowledge intensity of the work. Knowledge-intensive occupations are characterised by a high level of individual skills, typically acquired through tertiary-level education, and a high degree of autonomy combined with frequent use of ICT. According to the results, working on mobile sites - a practice that augments working in the primary workplace - is most common in northern European countries, where the proportion of knowledge-intensive occupations is high. However, even in the Nordic region, knowledge workers predominantly work at their employers' premises. This finding is in marked contrast with the hyperbole and expectations which assume that ICT allows knowledge workers to work free from the constraints of time and space. Agriculture, construction and transport workers still represent the largest proportion of the mobile workforce. Knowledge-intensive job features, however, predict the adoption of working at home. The analysis adds to the literature on flexible working by taking into account both traditional and knowledge-intensive forms of multi-locational work as well as providing a cross-national comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Ojala
- Satu Ojala, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, FI-33014, Finland.
| | - Pasi Pyöriä
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland
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Abstract
Aims: Precarious employment is an emerging determinant of occupational health, but its association with work-related disability remains little understood. We operationalised precarious work as a multidimensional construct and examined how the accumulation of precarious job features predicts the incidence of receiving a disability pension (DP). Methods: The study comprised 13,228 employees aged 20–54 who had been interviewed for the Finnish Quality of Work Life Surveys in 1984, 1990, 1997, or 2003. We measured precarious work with five variables that reflect both subjective and objective job insecurity: the threat of dismissal/unemployment; poor employability; low earnings; previous unemployment; and temporary contract. An eight-year follow-up was merged with the pooled cross-sectional data, and Cox proportional hazard ratios (HR) for receiving a DP were compared between the insecurity measures, controlling for sociodemographic covariates, job characteristics and health at the baseline with a step-wise procedure. Results: Precarious employees had an elevated risk of receiving a DP (all covariates adjusted for). The risk of receiving a DP was associated with subjective job insecurity, with the strongest indicator being poor employability. The association between the threat of unemployment and receiving a DP was weak before controlling for health. Among objective insecurity measures, low earnings and earlier unemployment were weakly connected to receiving a DP before controlling for sociodemographic covariates, job characteristics and health. Conclusions: We recommend the evaluation of several precarious job features in future studies. The risk of receiving a DP could potentially be offset by improving individuals’ employability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pasi Pyöriä
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland
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Zbair M, Ainassaari K, Drif A, Ojala S, Bottlinger M, Pirilä M, Keiski RL, Bensitel M, Brahmi R. Toward new benchmark adsorbents: preparation and characterization of activated carbon from argan nut shell for bisphenol A removal. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:1869-1882. [PMID: 29103116 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0634-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of argan nut shell as a precursor for producing activated carbon was investigated in this work. Two activated carbons AC-HP and AC-Na were prepared from argan nut shell by chemical activation method using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), respectively. Textural, morphological, and surface chemistry characteristics were studied by nitrogen physisorption, TGA, SEM, TXRF, FTIR, XRD, and by determining the pHPZC of the AC-HP. The adsorption experiments revealed that AC-HP was more efficient in adsorption of BPA due to high specific surface area (1372 m2/g) compared to AC-Na (798 m2/g). The obtained adsorption data of BPA on AC-HP correlated well with the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir isotherm (Qmax = 1250 mg/g at 293 K). The thermodynamic parameters (ΔG° < 0, ΔH° < 0, and ΔS° < 0) indicate that adsorption of BPA on AC-HP was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The regeneration of AC-HP showed excellent results after 5 cycles (95-93%). This work does not only provide a potential way to use argan nut shell but also represents a sustainable approach to synthesize AC-HP, which might be an ideal material for various applications (energy storage, catalysis, and environmental remediation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zbair
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Corrosion of Materials (LCCM), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University of Chouaïb Doukkali, BP 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco.
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
- Laboratory of Hydrothermal Carbonization Process, Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld, Trier University of Applied Sciences, Trier, Germany.
| | - Kaisu Ainassaari
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Asmaa Drif
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Corrosion of Materials (LCCM), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University of Chouaïb Doukkali, BP 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Satu Ojala
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Michael Bottlinger
- Laboratory of Hydrothermal Carbonization Process, Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld, Trier University of Applied Sciences, Trier, Germany
| | - Minna Pirilä
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riitta L Keiski
- Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mohammed Bensitel
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Corrosion of Materials (LCCM), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University of Chouaïb Doukkali, BP 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Rachid Brahmi
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Corrosion of Materials (LCCM), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of El Jadida, University of Chouaïb Doukkali, BP 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco.
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Mouammine A, Ojala S, Pirault-Roy L, Bensitel M, Keiski R, Brahmi R. Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Methanol and Methyl Mercaptan: Studies on the Selectivity of TiO2 and CeO2 Supported V2O5 Catalysts. Top Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-013-0024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pitkäaho S, Ojala S, Kinnunen T, Silvonen R, Keiski RL. Catalytic Oxidation of Dichloromethane and Perchloroethylene: Laboratory and Industrial Scale Studies. Top Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-011-9748-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hirschmann CB, Koivikko NS, Raittila J, Tenhunen J, Ojala S, Rahkamaa-Tolonen K, Marbach R, Hirschmann S, Keiski RL. FT-IR-cPAS--new photoacoustic measurement technique for analysis of hot gases: a case study on VOCs. Sensors (Basel) 2011; 11:5270-89. [PMID: 22163900 PMCID: PMC3231378 DOI: 10.3390/s110505270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article describes a new photoacoustic FT-IR system capable of operating at elevated temperatures. The key hardware component is an optical-readout cantilever microphone that can work up to 200 °C. All parts in contact with the sample gas were put into a heated oven, incl. the photoacoustic cell. The sensitivity of the built photoacoustic system was tested by measuring 18 different VOCs. At 100 ppm gas concentration, the univariate signal to noise ratios (1σ, measurement time 25.5 min, at highest peak, optical resolution 8 cm(-1)) of the spectra varied from minimally 19 for o-xylene up to 329 for butyl acetate. The sensitivity can be improved by multivariate analyses over broad wavelength ranges, which effectively co-adds the univariate sensitivities achievable at individual wavelengths. The multivariate limit of detection (3σ, 8.5 min, full useful wavelength range), i.e., the best possible inverse analytical sensitivity achievable at optimum calibration, was calculated using the SBC method and varied from 2.60 ppm for dichloromethane to 0.33 ppm for butyl acetate. Depending on the shape of the spectra, which often only contain a few sharp peaks, the multivariate analysis improved the analytical sensitivity by 2.2 to 9.2 times compared to the univariate case. Selectivity and multi component ability were tested by a SBC calibration including 5 VOCs and water. The average cross selectivities turned out to be less than 2% and the resulting inverse analytical sensitivities of the 5 interfering VOCs was increased by maximum factor of 2.2 compared to the single component sensitivities. Water subtraction using SBC gave the true analyte concentration with a variation coefficient of 3%, although the sample spectra (methyl ethyl ketone, 200 ppm) contained water from 1,400 to 100k ppm and for subtraction only one water spectra (10k ppm) was used. The developed device shows significant improvement to the current state-of-the-art measurement methods used in industrial VOC measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bernd Hirschmann
- Photonic Devices and Measurement Solutions, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Kaitoväylä 1, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland; E-Mails: (J.T.); (S.O.); (K.R.-T.); (R.M.)
- Mass and Heat Transfer Process Laboratory, Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; E-Mails: (N.S.K.); (S.H.); (R.L.K.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +358-40-187-7447; Fax: +358-20-722-2320
| | - Niina Susanna Koivikko
- Mass and Heat Transfer Process Laboratory, Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; E-Mails: (N.S.K.); (S.H.); (R.L.K.)
| | - Jussi Raittila
- Gasera Ltd., Tykistökatu 4, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; E-Mail: (J.R.)
| | - Jussi Tenhunen
- Photonic Devices and Measurement Solutions, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Kaitoväylä 1, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland; E-Mails: (J.T.); (S.O.); (K.R.-T.); (R.M.)
| | - Satu Ojala
- Photonic Devices and Measurement Solutions, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Kaitoväylä 1, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland; E-Mails: (J.T.); (S.O.); (K.R.-T.); (R.M.)
- Mass and Heat Transfer Process Laboratory, Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; E-Mails: (N.S.K.); (S.H.); (R.L.K.)
| | - Katariina Rahkamaa-Tolonen
- Photonic Devices and Measurement Solutions, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Kaitoväylä 1, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland; E-Mails: (J.T.); (S.O.); (K.R.-T.); (R.M.)
| | - Ralf Marbach
- Photonic Devices and Measurement Solutions, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Kaitoväylä 1, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland; E-Mails: (J.T.); (S.O.); (K.R.-T.); (R.M.)
| | - Sarah Hirschmann
- Mass and Heat Transfer Process Laboratory, Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; E-Mails: (N.S.K.); (S.H.); (R.L.K.)
| | - Riitta Liisa Keiski
- Mass and Heat Transfer Process Laboratory, Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland; E-Mails: (N.S.K.); (S.H.); (R.L.K.)
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Carucci JRH, Halonen V, Eränen K, Wärnå J, Ojala S, Huuhtanen M, Keiski R, Salmi T. Ethylene Oxide Formation in a Microreactor: From Qualitative Kinetics to Detailed Modeling. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie100521j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José R. Hernández Carucci
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland, and Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ville Halonen
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland, and Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kari Eränen
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland, and Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johan Wärnå
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland, and Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Satu Ojala
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland, and Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Huuhtanen
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland, and Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riitta Keiski
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland, and Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tapio Salmi
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500, Turku/Åbo, Finland, and Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
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Ojala S, Bion N, Rijo Gomes S, Keiski R, Duprez D. Isotopic Oxygen Exchange over Pd/Al2O3 Catalyst: Study on C18O2 and 18O2 Exchange. ChemCatChem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201000033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hirschmann CB, Uotila J, Ojala S, Tenhunen J, Keiski RL. Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic multicomponent gas spectroscopy with optical cantilever detection. Appl Spectrosc 2010; 64:293-297. [PMID: 20223064 DOI: 10.1366/000370210790918490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of photoacoustic spectroscopy was improved with the invention of optical cantilever detection (PAS-OCD). However, the ability of present PAS-OCD devices to carry out multicomponent detection is poor. To overcome this, a Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectrometer with optical cantilever detection (FT-IR-PAS-OCD) prototype was assembled. In this article, the first evaluation and performance tests of the prototype are described. Selectivity, sensitivity, and the linearity of the signal response are evaluated. The linear response was studied for methane and carbon dioxide and confirmed in the whole analyzed concentration range from 500 to 3500 ppm and from 2500 to 17500 ppm, respectively. The calculated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and limit of detection were 2027 and 0.5 ppm for methane and 1362 and 4 ppm for carbon dioxide, with a measurement time of 100 seconds. Selectivity was studied with a multicomponent gas mixture of propene, methane, carbon dioxide, and methylmercaptane. The results indicate that a quantitative analysis of all components in the mixture is possible using the FT-IR-PAS-OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bernd Hirschmann
- Mass and Heat Transfer Process Laboratory, Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland.
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Ojala S, Lassi U, Perämäki P, Keiski RL. Effect of process parameters on catalytic incineration of solvent emissions. J Autom Methods Manag Chem 2008; 2008:759141. [PMID: 18584032 PMCID: PMC2431089 DOI: 10.1155/2008/759141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2008] [Accepted: 04/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic oxidation is a feasible and affordable technology for solvent emission abatement. However, finding optimal operation conditions is important, since they are strongly dependent on the application area of VOC incineration. This paper presents the results of the laboratory experiments concerning four most central parameters, that is, effects of concentration, gas hourly space velocity (GHSV), temperature, and moisture on the oxidation of n-butyl acetate. Both fresh and industrially aged commercial Pt/Al(2)O(3) catalysts were tested to determine optimal process conditions and the significance order and level of selected parameters. The effects of these parameters were evaluated by computer-aided statistical experimental design. According to the results, GHSV was the most dominant parameter in the oxidation of n-butyl acetate. Decreasing GHSV and increasing temperature increased the conversion of n-butyl acetate. The interaction effect of GHSV and temperature was more significant than the effect of concentration. Both of these affected the reaction by increasing the conversion of n-butyl acetate. Moisture had only a minor decreasing effect on the conversion, but it also decreased slightly the formation of by products. Ageing did not change the significance order of the above-mentioned parameters, however, the effects of individual parameters increased slightly as a function of ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Ojala
- Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Ulla Lassi
- Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Technology, Central Ostrobothnia University of Applied Sciences, Talonpojankatu 2, 67100 Kokkola, Finland
| | - Paavo Perämäki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Riitta L. Keiski
- Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, 90014 Oulu, Finland
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Niemi M, Laaksonen JP, Ojala S, Aaltonen O, Happonen RP. Effects of transitory lingual nerve impairment on speech: an acoustic study of sibilant sound /s/. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 35:920-3. [PMID: 16889939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2006.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2005] [Revised: 03/27/2006] [Accepted: 06/20/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
By measuring spectral characteristics of the sibilant /s/ this study investigated whether the reduced orosensory feedback caused by lingual nerve impairment affects the acoustics and articulation of sibilants. A further goal was to examine speakers' capability to compensate for the deviant control of the delicate movements required for the proper production of /s/ by experimentally modifying the function of the tongue in a way that reduces the necessary somatosensory information in articulation. Five healthy men with no speech, language or hearing abnormalities were enrolled. They produced the sibilant /s/ in a variety of phonetic contexts in two sessions: first in normal conditions and then with local anaesthesia of the right lingual nerve. From the speech samples, the spectral characteristics of the sibilant sound (i.e. the centre of gravity, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis) were analysed acoustically. The results showed that the reduced tactile sensation has effects on the tongue function resulting in individual and variable spectral alterations. The variation between different speakers indicates individual ability to compensate for the effects caused by the sensory dysfunction of the tongue. It seems, therefore, that the compensatory mechanisms for speech production are highly speaker-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Niemi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Vahteristo P, Ojala S, Tamminen A, Tommiska J, Sammalkorpi H, Kiuru-Kuhlefelt S, Eerola H, Aaltonen LA, Aittomäki K, Nevanlinna H. No MSH6 germline mutations in breast cancer families with colorectal and/or endometrial cancer. J Med Genet 2006; 42:e22. [PMID: 15805151 PMCID: PMC1736038 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2004.022327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic background in breast cancer families with colorectal and/or endometrial cancer is mostly unknown. The functional connection between MSH6 and the known breast cancer predisposition gene product BRCA1 suggests that the MSH6 gene may also play a role in breast cancer predisposition. METHODS We analysed 38 breast cancer families with colorectal and/or endometrial cancer for germline mutations in MSH6. RESULTS No disease associated mutations were detected among the breast cancer families. However, mutation analysis revealed a Glu995STOP mutation in an atypical HNPCC family. The same mutation was found in a patient with both breast and colorectal carcinoma in our previous study, and haplotype analysis confirmed a common ancestral origin. The Glu995STOP mutation was further examined in an extensive series of 245 colorectal and 142 breast carcinoma patients with a family history of breast, colorectal, and/or endometrial carcinoma, and in 268 healthy population controls, but none was found to carry the mutation. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that MSH6 may not be the underlying gene in breast cancer families with a history of colorectal and/or endometrial cancer. The Glu995STOP founder mutation is not a familial breast cancer predisposition allele and makes only a limited contribution to colorectal cancer burden in Finland.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Vahteristo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Ojala S, Lassi U, Keiski RL. Testing VOC emission measurement techniques in wood-coating industrial processes and developing a cost-effective measurement methodology. Chemosphere 2006; 62:113-20. [PMID: 15893795 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2004] [Revised: 03/17/2005] [Accepted: 03/21/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Availability of reliable emission measurements of concentrated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) bear great significance in facilitating the selection of a feasible emission abatement technique. There are numerous methods, which can be used to measure VOC emissions, however, there is no single method that would allow sampling of the whole range of volatile organics. In addition, research efforts are usually directed to the development of measuring VOCs in diluted concentrations. Therefore, there is a need for a novel measurement method, which can give reliable results while entailing simple operations and low costs. This paper represents a development effort of finding a reliable measurement procedure. A methodology is proposed and used to measure solvent emissions from coating processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ojala
- Mass and Heat Transfer Process Laboratory, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland.
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Ojala S, Lassi U, Ylönen R, Karjalainen H, Keiski RL. Influence of the heat exchangers’ construction material on catalytic incineration. Catal Today 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2004.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Säkkinen M, Linna A, Ojala S, Jürjenson H, Veski P, Marvola M. In vivo evaluation of matrix granules containing microcrystalline chitosan as a gel-forming excipient. Int J Pharm 2003; 250:227-37. [PMID: 12480288 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(02)00547-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Interest in drug delivery to the gastrointestinal tract by means of chitosan has been increasing. In the study reported, the biopharmaceutical properties of granules containing microcrystalline chitosan (MCCh; molecular weight 150 kDa, degree of deacetylation 75%) were evaluated via bioavailability tests in human volunteers. Ibuprofen and furosemide were used as model drugs. With ibuprofen, granules containing 40% of MCCh behaved as a slow-release formulation (t(max) 2.9 h). With furosemide, the most marked difference between a conventional dosage form and granules containing 40% MCCh was a marked lag time (0.5 h) before absorption from the latter. This difference was reflected in t(max) values for furosemide. Despite the lag time, AUC values for furosemide were high, indicating that the granules containing MCCh had remained in the stomach and that drug release had taken place in the stomach rather than in the intestine. The results of the bioavailability studies indicate that MCCh matrix granules allow a simple preparation of slow-release and perhaps stomach-specific dosage forms. Use of model drugs differing in relation to sites of absorption in the gastrointestinal tract aided identification of sites of absorption of drugs from the granules. Further studies, including gamma-scintigraphic evaluations, will be performed on how the granules behave in the stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Säkkinen
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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Salovaara R, Loukola A, Kristo P, Kääriäinen H, Ahtola H, Eskelinen M, Härkönen N, Julkunen R, Kangas E, Ojala S, Tulikoura J, Valkamo E, Järvinen H, Mecklin JP, Aaltonen LA, de la Chapelle A. Population-based molecular detection of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2000; 18:2193-200. [PMID: 10829038 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2000.18.11.2193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer morbidity and mortality can be dramatically reduced by colonoscopic screening of individuals with the hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) syndrome, creating a need to identify HNPCC. We studied how HNPCC identification should be carried out on a large scale in a sensitive and efficient manner. PATIENTS AND METHODS Colorectal cancer specimens from consecutive newly diagnosed patients were studied for microsatellite instability (MSI). Germline mutations in the MLH1 and MSH2 genes were searched for in MSI(+) individuals. RESULTS Among 535 colorectal cancer patients, 66 (12%) were MSI(+). Among these, 18 (3.4% of the total) had disease-causing germline mutations in MLH1 or MSH2. Among these 18 patients, five were less than 50 years old, seven had a previous or synchronous colorectal or endometrial cancer, and 15 had at least one first-degree relative with colorectal or endometrial cancer. Notably, 17 (94%) of 18 patients had at least one of these three features, which were present in 22% of all 535 patients. Combining these data with a previous study of 509 patients, mutation-positive HNPCC accounts for 28 (2.7%) of 1,044 cases of colorectal cancer, predicting a greater than one in 740 incidence of mutation-positive individuals in this population. CONCLUSION Large-scale molecular screening for HNPCC can be done by the described two-stage procedure of MSI determination followed by mutation analysis. Efficiency can be greatly improved by using three high-risk features to select 22% of all patients for MSI analysis, whereby only 6% need to have mutation analysis. Sensitivity is only slightly impaired by this procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Salovaara
- Departments of Medical Genetics and Pathology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Tikkanen MJ, Wähälä K, Ojala S, Vihma V, Adlercreutz H. Effect of soybean phytoestrogen intake on low density lipoprotein oxidation resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95:3106-10. [PMID: 9501223 PMCID: PMC19702 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.6.3106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/1995] [Accepted: 12/29/1997] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxidation of low density lipoproteins (LDLs) is thought to take place in the arterial intima when the particles have become isolated from circulating water-soluble antioxidants. We hypothesized that isoflavonoid antioxidants derived from soy could be incorporated into lipoproteins and possibly could protect them against oxidation, which is regarded as atherogenic. Six healthy volunteers received 3 soy bars [containing the isoflavonoid antioxidants genistein (12 mg) and daidzein (7 mg)] daily for 2 weeks. LDLs were isolated from blood drawn at the the end of a 2-week dietary baseline period, after 2 weeks on soy, and after discontinuation of soy. Large increases in plasma isoflavonoid levels occurred during soy feeding, but only minute amounts were stably associated with lipoproteins (less than 1% of plasma isoflavonoids in the LDL fraction). The LDLs were subjected to copper-mediated oxidation in vitro. Compared with off soy values, lag phases of LDL oxidation curves were prolonged by a mean of 20 min (P < 0.02) during soy intake, indicating a reduced susceptibility to oxidation. The results suggest that intake of soy-derived antioxidants, such as genistein and daidzein, may provide protection against oxidative modification of LDL. As only very small amounts of these substances were detected in purified LDL, modified LDL particles may have been produced in vivo by circulating isoflavonoids promoting resistance to oxidation ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Tikkanen
- Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
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Mazur W, Fotsis T, Wähälä K, Ojala S, Salakka A, Adlercreutz H. Isotope dilution gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method for the determination of isoflavonoids, coumestrol, and lignans in food samples. Anal Biochem 1996; 233:169-80. [PMID: 8789715 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1996.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a method for the quantitative determination of the phytoestrogens formononetin, biochanin A, daidzein, genistein, and coumestrol and simultaneously the lignans secoisolariciresinol (SECO) and matairesinol in plant-derived foods. These compounds are measured by isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring mode (ID/GC/MS/SIM) using synthesized deuterated internal standards for the correction of losses during the procedure. A three-step hydrolysis--a rehydration with distilled H2O, followed by enzymatic and acid hydrolysis--has been applied in order to convert the diphenolic glycosides into their respective aglycones. Purification and separation are carried out in two ion-exchange chromatographic steps followed by derivatization and GC-MS. The within-assay imprecision values vary 3.1-9.6% and the between-assay imprecision 7.0-21.2%. The mean recovery of authentic standards processed through the whole procedure varied from 95.5 to 105.5%. Values for some different food samples are presented. The simultaneous determination of the biologically most interesting phytoestrogens and lignans in foods has not been carried out previously and the method will be useful for screening of important foods in populations with different risk of cancer and coronary heart disease, and for metabolic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Mazur
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Huikuri HV, Niemelä MJ, Ojala S, Rantala A, Ikäheimo MJ, Airaksinen KE. Circadian rhythms of frequency domain measures of heart rate variability in healthy subjects and patients with coronary artery disease. Effects of arousal and upright posture. Circulation 1994; 90:121-6. [PMID: 8025987 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.90.1.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered neural regulation of the cardiovascular system may be an important factor for various manifestations of ischemic heart disease. This research was designed to compare the circadian rhythm of cardiac neural regulation and autonomic responses to arousal and upright posture between patients with uncomplicated coronary artery disease (CAD) and age-matched subjects with no evidence of heart disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-four-hour heart rate variability (HRV) in the frequency domain was analyzed in 20 male patients (mean age, 52 +/- 7 years) with angiographic evidence of CAD without prior myocardial infarction and in 20 healthy men (mean age, 51 +/- 8 years) with no clinical, echocardiographic, or exercise ECG evidence of heart disease. None of the 24-hour average frequency-domain components of HRV differed significantly between the two groups. Healthy subjects had a significant circadian rhythm of normalized units of high-frequency (HF) power of HRV with higher values during sleep. Normalized units of low-frequency (LF) power and the LF/HF ratio also showed a significant circadian rhythm in healthy subjects, with higher values during the daytime. No significant circadian rhythms in any of the normalized spectral components of HRV were observed in patients with CAD, and the night-day difference in LF/HF ratio was smaller in the patients with CAD than in the healthy subjects (0.5 +/- 1.4 versus 1.8 +/- 0.7, P < .001). Awakening when in the supine position resulted in a significant increase in the LF/HF ratio (P < .01) in the healthy subjects, but no significant changes in HRV were observed after awakening in patients with CAD. Assumption of upright position resulted in a comparable decrease in the components of HRV between the groups. CONCLUSIONS The circadian rhythm of cardiac neural regulation is altered in patients with uncomplicated CAD. Reduced autonomic responses to sleep-wake rhythm suggest that the modulation of cardiac autonomic function by stimuli from the central nervous system is impaired in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H V Huikuri
- Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Finland
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