1
|
Lee YJ, Park JY, Shang K, Zhang JF, Choi YR, Kim SW, Cha SY, Kang M, Wei B, Jang HK. Genetic Characterization of Avian Paramyxovirus Isolated from Wild Waterfowl in Korea between 2015 and 2021. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:780. [PMID: 38473165 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs) are often carried by wild waterfowl, and the wild waterfowl may play an important role in the maintenance and spread of these viruses. In this study, we investigated APMVs in the population of migratory wild waterfowl from 2015 to 2021 in Korea and analyzed their genetic characteristics. Fourteen viruses were isolated and subsequently identified as APMV-1 (n = 13) and APMV-13 (n = 1). Phylogenetic analysis of the full fusion gene of 13 APMV-1 isolates showed that 10 APMV-1 isolates belonged to the class II sub-genotype I.2, which was epidemiologically linked to viruses from the Eurasian continent, and 3 viruses belonged to class I, which linked to viruses from the USA. The APMV-13 isolates from wild geese in this study were highly homology to the virus isolated from China. Sequence analysis of 14 isolates showed that all isolates had a typical lentogenic motif at the cleavage site. In summary, we identified the wild species likely to be infected with APMV and our data suggest possible intercontinental transmission of APMV by wild waterfowl. Our current study also provides the first evidence for the presence of class I of APMV-1 and APMV-13 in wild waterfowl surveyed in Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yea-Jin Lee
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Yeol Park
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Ke Shang
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Choi
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Kim
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
- Bio Disease Control (BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Bai Wei
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
- Bio Disease Control (BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shang K, Kim JH, Park JY, Choi YR, Kim SW, Cha SY, Jang HK, Wei B, Kang M. Comparative Studies of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter Isolates from Broiler Chickens with and without Use of Enrofloxacin. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112239. [PMID: 37297483 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of enrofloxacin (ENR) administration on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter isolated from broiler chickens under field conditions. The isolation rate of Salmonella was significantly lower (p < 0.05) on farms that administered ENR (6.4%) than on farms that did not (11.6%). The Campylobacter isolation rate was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in farms that administered ENR (6.7%) than in farms that did not (3.3%). The ratio of resistance to ENR was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in E. coli isolates from farms that used ENR (88.1%) than farms that did not (78.0%). The respective ratio of resistance to ampicillin (40.5% vs. 17.9%), chloramphenicol (38.0% vs. 12.5%), tetracycline (63.3% vs. 23.2%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (48.1% vs. 28.6%) and the ratio of intermediate resistance to ENR (67.1% vs. 48.2%) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in Salmonella isolates from the farms that used ENR than farms that did not. In conclusion, the use of ENR at broiler farms was an important factor in decreasing the prevalence of Salmonella but not Campylobacter and caused ENR resistance among E. coli and Salmonella but not Campylobacter. Exposure to ENR could have a co-selective effect on antimicrobial resistance in enteric bacteria in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Ji-Hyuk Kim
- Department of Animal Resources Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Yeol Park
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Choi
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Kim
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
- Bio Disease Control (BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Bai Wei
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Avian Disease, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
- Bio Disease Control (BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Choi YR, Kim SW, Shang K, Park JY, Zhang JF, Jang HK, Wei B, Cha SY, Kang M. Avian Reoviruses From Wild Birds Exhibit Pathogenicity to Specific Pathogen Free Chickens by Footpad Route. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:844903. [PMID: 35280152 PMCID: PMC8907544 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.844903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian reoviruses (ARVs) are ubiquitous in domestic poultry with 80% of them being non-pathogenic and they are frequently found in clinically healthy birds. ARVs have also been known to be the etiological agents of viral arthritis (VA), tenosynovitis, myocarditis, runting-stunting syndrome (RSS), and respiratory and enteric disease in chickens. Significant economic losses during the process of poultry husbandry are due, in part, to unmitigated ARV infections throughout the poultry industry. Recently, many isolates shared genetic similarities between those recovered from wild birds and those recovered from poultry. One explanation may be that there is a degree of spillover and spillback of ARVs between the two groups. However, studies on the role of wild birds in the epidemiology and pathogenicity of ARVs are insufficient. Here, we describe the pathogenicity in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens of ARV originating from wild birds. The challenge experiment was conducted in six groups including a negative control group, a positive control group (reference strain of S1133), and four groups (A15-157, A18-13, A18-205, A19-106) infected with ARVs from wild birds. The 7-day-old SPF chickens were inoculated with 106TCID50 ARV to evaluate the clinical signs, changes in weight gain, gross lesions, histological changes, virus replication, and serum antibody levels. The peak of clinical signs was from 3 to 5 days post infection (dpi). In addition, the death of one chicken was found in the group infected with the A18-13 isolate. Reduced body weight was also found in chickens infected with ARVs from wild birds compared to the negative control group. All the ARVs infection groups showed noticeable swelling of the footpad. In addition, ARVs were detected in the bursa, tendon, and hock joint by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in all infected groups at 5 and 15 dpi. Histopathological observations revealed acute inflammatory responses on the synovium covering the joint surfaces (arthritis) and tendon sheaths (tenosynovitis), as well as bursa atrophy and lymphocyte depletion. The analysis of the humoral response was performed by ELISA assay, and chickens infected with ARVs showed seroconverted. In conclusion, this study described the typical severe disease of acute VA and tenosynovitis in SPF chickens infected with ARVs derived from wild birds. This study confirmed the pathogenicity of ARVs infection in SPF chickens for the first time, and these results enrich our understanding of the pathogenicity of ARVs derived from wild birds.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim SW, Choi YR, Park JY, Wei B, Shang K, Zhang JF, Jang HK, Cha SY, Kang M. Isolation and Genomic Characterization of Avian Reovirus From Wild Birds in South Korea. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:794934. [PMID: 35155656 PMCID: PMC8831841 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.794934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian reoviruses (ARVs) cause severe arthritis, tenosynovitis, pericarditis, and depressed growth in chickens, and these conditions have become increasingly frequent in recent years. Studies on the role of wild birds in the epidemiology of ARVs are insufficient. This study provides information about currently circulating ARVs in wild birds by gene detection using diagnostic RT-PCR, virus isolation, and genomic characterization. In this study, we isolated and identified 10 ARV isolates from 7,390 wild birds' fecal samples, including migratory bird species (bean goose, Eurasian teal, Indian spot-billed duck, and mallard duck) from 2015 to 2019 in South Korea. On comparing the amino acid sequences of the σC-encoding gene, most isolates, except A18-13, shared higher sequence similarity with the commercial vaccine isolate S1133 and Chinese isolates. However, the A18-13 isolate is similar to live attenuated vaccine av-S1133 and vaccine break isolates (SD09-1, LN09-1, and GX110116). For the p10- and p17-encoding genes, all isolates have identical fusion associated small transmembrane (FAST) protein and nuclear localization signal (SNL) motif to chicken-origin ARVs. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequences of the σC-encoding gene revealed that all isolates were belonged to genotypic cluster I. For the p10- and p17-encoding genes, the nucleotide sequences of all isolates indicated close relationship with commercial vaccine isolate S1133 and Chinese isolates. For the σNS-encoding gene, the nucleotide sequences of all isolates indicated close relationship with the Californian chicken-origin isolate K1600657 and belonged to chicken-origin ARV cluster. Our data indicates that wild birds ARVs were derived from the chicken farms. This finding suggests that wild birds serve as natural carriers of such viruses for domestic poultry.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang JF, Shang K, Wei B, Lee YJ, Park JY, Jang HK, Cha SY, Kang M. Evaluation of Safety and Protective Efficacy of a waaJ and spiC Double Deletion Korean Epidemic Strain of Salmonella enterica Serovar Gallinarum. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:756123. [PMID: 34869728 PMCID: PMC8635151 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.756123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With an aim to develop a highly attenuated and strongly immunogenic distinguishable vaccine candidate, a waaJ (a gene involved in the synthesis of lipopolysaccharide) and spiC (a virulence gene) double deletion Korean epidemic strain of S. enterica ser. Gallinarum (SG005) was constructed. Our results showed that the growth and biochemical characteristics were not altered by this double deletion. The double deletion strain contained dual markers. One was a bacteriological marker (rough phenotype) and the other was a serological marker helping distinguish infected chickens from vaccinated chickens. The double deletion strain showed good genetic stability and reduced resistance to environmental stresses in vitro; furthermore, it was extremely safe and highly avirulent in broilers. Single intramuscular or oral immunization of 7-day-old broilers with the double deletion strain could stimulate the body to produce antibody levels similar to the conventional vaccine strain SG9R. In addition, against a lethal wild-type challenge, it conferred effective protection that was comparable to that seen in the group vaccinated with SG9R. In conclusion, this double deletion strain may be an effective vaccine candidate for controlling S. enterica ser. Gallinarum infection in broilers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ke Shang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Bai Wei
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Yea-Jin Lee
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jong-Yeol Park
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kwon BR, Wei B, Cha SY, Shang K, Zhang JF, Jang HK, Kang M. Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin (ESC) Resistance in Salmonella Isolated from Chicken and Identification of High Frequency Transfer of blaCMY-2 Gene Harboring Plasmid In Vitro and In Vivo. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061778. [PMID: 34198679 PMCID: PMC8232285 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Salmonella is of great concern, as these strains with the same β-lactamase (bla) genes were found in human and poultry. The objective is to characterize ESC-resistant Salmonella isolated from chicken and to determine the transferability of β-lactamase gene-harboring plasmid in vitro and in vivo. ESC resistance genes in Salmonella isolated from chickens and presented a comprehensive analysis of the highly frequent transfer of the blaCMY-2 gene in vitro and in vivo. In addition, this study has demonstrated the ease with which a blaCMY-2 gene-harboring plasmid can be rapidly transferred between Salmonella and pathogenic E. coli within the intestinal tracts of mice, even without antimicrobial selective pressure. Given the potential risk of the frequent transfer of the blaCMY-2 gene via the food chain to the human digestive tract, the molecular mechanism involved in the dissemination and maintenance of ESC resistance genes should be studied as further research in greater detail, and enhanced surveillance should be implemented to prevent the widespread of ESC resistant strains. Abstract A total of 136 Salmonella isolates from chicken feces and meat samples of the top 12 integrated chicken production companies throughout Korea were collected. Among the 17 ESC-resistant Salmonella; blaCTX-M-15 was the most prevalent gene and two strains carried blaTEM-1/blaCTX-M-15 and blaCMY-2, respectively. The transferable blaCTX-M-15 gene was carried by IncFII plasmid in three isolates and the blaCMY-2 gene carried by IncI1 plasmid in one isolate. blaCMY-2 gene-harboring strain was selected as the donor based on the high frequency of blaCMY-2 gene transfer in vitro and its transfer frequencies were determined at 10−3 transconjugants per recipient. The transfer of blaCMY-2 gene-harboring plasmid derived from chicken isolate into a human pathogen; enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC), presented in mouse intestine with about 10−1 transfer frequency without selective pressure. From the competition experiment; blaCMY-2 gene-harboring transconjugant showed variable fitness burden depends on the parent strains. Our study demonstrated direct evidence that the blaCMY-2 gene harboring Salmonella from chicken could frequently transfer its ESC-resistant gene to E. coli in a mouse intestine without antimicrobial pressure; resulting in the emergence of multidrug resistance in potentially virulent EIEC isolates of significance to human health; which can increase the risk of therapeutic inadequacy or failures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ram Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
| | - Bai Wei
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
| | - Ke Shang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
| | - Jun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
- Bio Disease Control (BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan 54596, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-K.J.); (M.K.); Tel.: +82-63-850-0945 (H.-K.J.); Tel.: +82-63-850-0690 (M.K.); Fax: +82-63-858-9155 (H.-K.J.); Fax: +82-63-858-0686 (M.K.)
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
- Bio Disease Control (BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan 54596, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-K.J.); (M.K.); Tel.: +82-63-850-0945 (H.-K.J.); Tel.: +82-63-850-0690 (M.K.); Fax: +82-63-858-9155 (H.-K.J.); Fax: +82-63-858-0686 (M.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wei B, Shang K, Cha SY, Zhang JF, Jang HK, Kang M. Clonal dissemination of Salmonella enterica serovar albany with concurrent resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, tetracycline, and nalidixic acid in broiler chicken in Korea. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101141. [PMID: 34089935 PMCID: PMC8182268 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, serovar distribution, antimicrobial resistance, and genotypic analyses of the dominating serovars of Salmonella in chickens from a national study in Korea. Between 2017 and 2018, a total of 550 chicken samples were collected from the top 12 integrated broiler chicken operations in Korea. Salmonella was isolated from 117 (32.5%) chicken feces and 19 (10.0%) retail chicken meat sources. Ten serovars were identified, and the most common Salmonella serovar was Salmonella ser. Albany (50 isolates, 36.8%), followed by S. Enteritidis (38 isolates, 27.9%), and S. Montevideo (23 isolates, 16.9%) isolated from 6, 10, and 6 operations, respectively. A total of 35 (25.7%) isolates were with the ACSSuTN (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, tetracycline, and nalidixic acid) resistance pattern, with high prevalence of this resistance pattern in S. Albany (29 isolates, 58.0%). A total of 35 PFGE types were identified among Salmonella isolates of the serovars Albany, Enteritidis, Virchow, Montevideo, and Senftenberg, while 11 distinct types of PFGE patterns were found among S. Albany isolates, which showed an overall homology similarity of higher than 85%. Among these 35 PFGE types, 22 PFGE types corresponded to 32 isolates from samples limited to one operation, and the other 13 PFGE types corresponded to 72 isolates from samples widely distributed among different operations. These results highlighted rapid colony dissemination of multidrug-resistant S. Albany in chicken all over Korea after it first appeared in 2016; furthermore, the spread of Salmonella colonies between various integrated operations was common, and several operations played an important role in Salmonella carriage and transmission in Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bai Wei
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - Ke Shang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - Jun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, South Korea; Bio Disease Control(BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan, South Korea
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, South Korea; Bio Disease Control(BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wei B, Cha SY, Shang K, Zhang JF, Jang HK, Kang M. Genetic diversity of extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in Salmonella enterica and E. coli isolates in a single broiler chicken. Vet Microbiol 2021; 254:109010. [PMID: 33631701 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC) resistance investigated in Salmonella and E. coli from the same chicken was to improve the understanding of the inter-species transmission of ESC resistance determinants in Salmonella and E. coli from a single chicken individual. Fifteen (13.6%) farms and 44 (8.0%) chicken individuals were positive for ESC-resistant E. coli and/or Salmonella, 8 farms (7.3%) and 12 (2.2%) individuals were simultaneously positive for ESC-resistant E. coli and Salmonella. The genetic diversity of ESC resistance determinants in E. coli and Salmonella was observed. Most E. coli isolates (67.6%) produced CTX-M-type of blaCTX-M-55, and 9 isolates (24.3%) produced CMY-type of blaCMY-2. Most Salmonella isolates (94.1%) produced blaCTX-M-15. Two broiler chicken farms were simultaneously positive for blaCMY-2- and blaCTX-M-15-harboring E. coli and Salmonella isolates. Whole-plasmid sequence for the transferable plasmid harboring blaCMY-2 showed genomic diversity of the plasmids from Salmonella and E. coli sourced from the same chicken. The genetic arrangement of blaCMY-2 in Salmonella was IS1294b-ΔISEcp1-blaCMY-2-blc-sugE and ISEcp1-blaCMY-2-blc-sugE in E. coli located on multi-host plasmids of IncI1-pST-2 and IncI1-pST-12. In conclusion, the study illustrates the genetic diversity of ESC resistance determinants in E. coli and Salmonella in a single chicken. Considering the possibility of transmission of antimicrobial resistance to humans through the food chain, a large reservoir of ESC resistance in chicken which could be co-infected with ESC-resistant E. coli and Salmonella poses a serious risk of potential transmission of ESC-resistant E. coli and Salmonella, and their transferable ESC resistant gene, to human simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bai Wei
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ke Shang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea; Bio Disease Control(BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan, South Korea.
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea; Bio Disease Control(BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Choi MK, Le MT, Cho HS, Lee J, Jeon H, Cha SY, Na M, Chun T, Kim JH, Song H, Park C. Transgenic Mice Overexpressing PG1 Display Corneal Opacity and Severe Inflammation in the Eye. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1586. [PMID: 33557346 PMCID: PMC7915784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are of interest as alternatives to antibiotics or immunomodulators. We generated and characterized the phenotypes of transgenic mice overexpressing protegrin 1 (PG1), a potent porcine cathelicidin. No obvious differences were observed between PG1 transgenic and wild-type mice in terms of growth, development, general behaviour, and the major immune cell population. However, PG1 transgenic mice intranasally infected with Staphylococcus aureus resulted in a reduction in microscopic pulmonary injury, improved clearance of bacteria, and lower proinflammatory cytokine secretion, compared to those of wild-type mice. On the other hand, approximately 25% of PG1 transgenic mice (n = 54/215) showed corneal opacity and developed inflammation in the eye, resulting ultimately in phthisis bulbi. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that PG1 and its activator, neutrophil elastase, localized to the basal cells of the cornea and glands in eyelids, respectively. In addition, apoptosis indicated by a Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL)-positive signal was detected from flat cells of the cornea. Our study suggests that the expression regulation or localization of AMPs such as PG1 is important to prevent their adverse effects. However, our results also showed that the cytotoxic effects of PG1 on cells could be tolerated in animals, except for the eyes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyeung Choi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Minh Thong Le
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Hye-Sun Cho
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Juyoung Lee
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Hyoim Jeon
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
| | - Manheum Na
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (M.N.); (T.C.)
| | - Taehoon Chun
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (M.N.); (T.C.)
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.-K.C.); (M.T.L.); (H.-S.C.); (J.L.); (H.J.); (J.-H.K.); (H.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kwon BR, Wei B, Cha SY, Shang K, Zhang JF, Kang M, Jang HK. Longitudinal Study of the Distribution of Antimicrobial-Resistant Campylobacter Isolates from an Integrated Broiler Chicken Operation. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020246. [PMID: 33498355 PMCID: PMC7909429 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Investigation of Campylobacter prevalence throughout the entire chicken production process from farms to retail meat is still limited. In this study, we examined the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter in 10 production lines from one of the largest integrated poultry production companies in Korea. The prevalence of Campylobacter in breeder farm, hatchery, broiler farm, slaughterhouse, and retail meat products was 50.0%, 0%, 3.3%, 13.4%, and 68.4%, respectively. Resistance to fluoroquinolones was the most frequently observed, and 16 isolates from breeder farm were resistant to both azithromycin and ciprofloxacin. Diverse pulsed-field gel electrophoresis genotypes were presented with discontinuous patterns along the whole production chain. Thirty percent of Campylobacter-free flocks became positive after slaughtering. An identical genotype was simultaneously detected from both breeder farm and retail meat, even from different production lines. This study reveals that antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter contamination can occur at all stages of the chicken supply chain. In particular, the breeder farm and slaughterhouse should be the main control points, as they are the potential stages at which antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter could spread to retail meat products by horizontal transmission. Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and genetic diversity of Campylobacter isolates that were obtained from whole chicken production stages in Korea. A total of 1348 samples were collected from 10 production lines. The prevalence of Campylobacter in breeder farm, broiler farm, slaughterhouse, and retail meat products was 50.0%, 3.3%, 13.4%, and 68.4%, respectively, and Campylobacter was not detected at the hatchery stage. Resistance to quinolones/fluoroquinolones was the most prevalent at all stages. Among the multidrug-resistant isolates, 16 isolates (19.8%) from breeder farm were resistant to both azithromycin and ciprofloxacin. A total of 182 isolates were subdivided into 82 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) genotypes with 100% similarity. Diverse genotypes were presented with discontinuous patterns along the whole production chain. Thirty percent of Campylobacter-free flocks became positive after slaughtering. An identical genotype was simultaneously detected from both breeder farm and retail meat, even from different production lines. This study reveals that antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter contamination can occur at all stages of the chicken supply chain. In particular, the breeder farm and slaughterhouse should be the main control points, as they are the potential stages at which antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter could spread to retail meat products by horizontal transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ram Kwon
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
| | - Bai Wei
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
| | - Ke Shang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
| | - Jun-Feng Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
- Bio Disease Control (BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan 54596, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (H.-K.J.); Tel.: +82-63-850-0690 (M.K.); +82-63-850-0945 (H.-K.J.); Fax: +82-858-0686 (M.K.); +82-858-9155 (H.-K.J.)
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.-R.K.); (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (K.S.); (J.-F.Z.)
- Bio Disease Control (BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan 54596, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (H.-K.J.); Tel.: +82-63-850-0690 (M.K.); +82-63-850-0945 (H.-K.J.); Fax: +82-858-0686 (M.K.); +82-858-9155 (H.-K.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wei B, Cha SY, Zhang JF, Shang K, Park HC, Kang J, Lee KJ, Kang M, Jang HK. Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Association with Toxin Determinants in Clostridium perfringens Isolates from Chickens. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111825. [PMID: 33228100 PMCID: PMC7699427 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate variation in antimicrobial resistance in Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) isolated from chickens after withdrawal of antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs); and to investigate the correlation between the presence of toxin genes (cpb2, netB, and tpeL) and antimicrobial resistance. Altogether, 162 isolates of C. perfringens were obtained from chickens displaying clinical signs of necrotic enteritis (n = 65) and from healthy chickens (n = 97) in Korea during 2010–2016. Compared to before AGP withdrawal, increased antimicrobial resistance or MIC50/MIC90 value was observed for nine antimicrobials including penicillin, tetracycline, tylosin, erythromycin, florfenicol, enrofloxacin, monensin, salinomycin, and maduramycin. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher resistance to gentamicin, clindamycin, and virginiamycin was found in isolates from chickens with necrotic enteritis compared to those from healthy chickens. tpeL gene was not detected in C. perfringens isolates from healthy chickens. A correlation between toxin gene prevalence and antibiotic resistance was found in the C. perfringens isolates. Because the usage of antimicrobials may contribute to the selection of both resistance and toxin genes, these can potentially make it challenging to control antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic colonies. Therefore, a more complete understanding of the interplay between resistance and virulence genes is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bai Wei
- Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (J.-F.Z.) (K.S.)
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (J.-F.Z.) (K.S.)
| | - Jun-Feng Zhang
- Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (J.-F.Z.) (K.S.)
| | - Ke Shang
- Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (J.-F.Z.) (K.S.)
| | - Hae-Chul Park
- Veterinary Drugs & Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), Gimcheon 39660, Korea; (H.-C.P.); (J.K.); (K.-J.L.)
| | - JeongWoo Kang
- Veterinary Drugs & Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), Gimcheon 39660, Korea; (H.-C.P.); (J.K.); (K.-J.L.)
| | - Kwang-Jick Lee
- Veterinary Drugs & Biologics Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA), Gimcheon 39660, Korea; (H.-C.P.); (J.K.); (K.-J.L.)
| | - Min Kang
- Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (J.-F.Z.) (K.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (H.-K.J.); Tel.: +82-63-850-0690 (M.K.); +82-63-850-0945 (H.-K.J.); Fax: +82-858-0686 (M.K.); +82-858-9155 (H.-K.J.)
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea; (B.W.); (S.-Y.C.); (J.-F.Z.) (K.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (H.-K.J.); Tel.: +82-63-850-0690 (M.K.); +82-63-850-0945 (H.-K.J.); Fax: +82-858-0686 (M.K.); +82-858-9155 (H.-K.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang JF, Wei B, Cha SY, Shang K, Jang HK, Kang M. The use of embryonic chicken eggs as an alternative model to evaluate the virulence of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238630. [PMID: 32911523 PMCID: PMC7500061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum (S.
Gallinarum) can cause fowl typhoid, a severe systemic disease responsible for
considerable economic losses. Chicken pathogenicity test is the traditional
method for assessing the virulence of S. Gallinarum. However,
this method is limited by several factors, including ethical considerations,
costs, and the need for specialized facilities. Hence, we established a chicken
embryo lethality assay (ELA) model to determine the virulence of
S. Gallinarum. Three virulent and three avirulent
representative strains, which were confirmed by the chicken pathogenicity test,
were used to perform the ELA. The most significant difference between the
virulent and avirulent strains could be observed when 13-day-old embryos were
inoculated via the AC route and incubated for 5 days. Based on a 50% embryo
lethal dose (ELD50), isolates considered to be virulent had a
Log10ELD50 of ≤ 4.0, moderately virulent strains had a
Log10ELD50 of 4.0−6.1, and avirulent isolates had a
Log10ELD50 of ≥ 6.1. Different abilities to invade the
liver of embryos were found between the virulent and avirulent strains by a
growth curve experiment in vitro. The maximum colony-forming
units (CFU) of the virulent strain was about 10,000 times higher than that of
the avirulent strain in the liver at 5 days post infection. The ELA results of
42 field strains showed that thirty-two strains (76.2%) were virulent, nine were
moderately virulent (21.4%), and one strain was avirulent (2.4%). In conclusion,
these results suggest that the ELA can be used as an alternative method to
assess the virulence of S. Gallinarum, which will contribute to
the study of virulence genes, virulence evolution, pathogenic mechanisms and
vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-feng Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College
of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National
University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Bai Wei
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College
of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National
University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College
of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National
University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ke Shang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College
of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National
University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College
of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National
University, Iksan, South Korea
- Bio Disease Control(BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan, Republic of
Korea
- * E-mail: (MK); (HKJ)
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College
of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Jeonbuk National
University, Iksan, South Korea
- Bio Disease Control(BIOD) Co., Ltd., Iksan, Republic of
Korea
- * E-mail: (MK); (HKJ)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cho HS, Soundrarajan N, Le Van Chanh Q, Jeon H, Cha SY, Kang M, Ahn B, Hong K, Song H, Kim JH, Oh KS, Park C. The novel cathelicidin of naked mole rats, Hg-CATH, showed potent antimicrobial activity and low cytotoxicity. Gene 2018; 676:164-170. [PMID: 29981419 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We performed the in silico genome-wide identification of antimicrobial peptides against the available genome sequence of the naked mole rat Heterocephalus glaber (H. glaber). Our results showed the presence of Hg-CATH, the single cathelicidin containing the antimicrobial domain in H. glaber. We chemically synthesized a 25 amino-acid peptide (ΔHg-CATH) corresponding to the predicted antimicrobial-active core region of Hg-CATH, and evaluated its antibacterial activity against seven bacterial strains. The ΔHg-CATH peptide exhibited strong bactericidal activity against gram-negative bacteria, including a multi-drug resistant strain, while showing low toxicity towards mammalian cells, including erythrocytes. Scanning electron microscopy images of bacterial cells treated with ΔHg-CATH showed disruption of their membranes due to the formation of toroidal pores. Identifying novel antimicrobial peptides, such as Hg-CATH, may be important for identifying candidate peptides for the control of multi-drug resistant bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Sun Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Quy Le Van Chanh
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoim Jeon
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Infectious and Avian Diseases, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingue Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - ByeongYong Ahn
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwonho Hong
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Oh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kang M, Wei B, Choi SW, Cha SY, Jang HK. Molecular Characterization of Fluoroquinolone Resistance Mechanisms of Campylobacter Isolates from Duck Meats. J Food Prot 2017; 80:2056-2059. [PMID: 29148878 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the molecular basis of quinolone resistance of Campylobacter isolates recovered from duck meats. Sixty-one isolates from duck meat samples were studied using sequence analysis of the gyrA gene, and PCR assays were used to identify the presence of the CmeABC efflux pump and its restored sensitivity in the presence of efflux-pump inhibitors. High-level resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin was attributed to amino acid substitutions Thr-86-Ile in some isolates. The PCR assay confirmed the presence of the cmeB gene in 29 (47.5%) of the 61 Campylobacter isolates. Phenylalanine arginine β-naphthylamide reduced the MICs of ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid in 16 (55.2%) and 26 (89.7%) isolates, respectively. The Thr-86-Ile substitution in the gyrA was the primary contributor to the high-level quinolone resistance in Campylobacter isolates from duck meats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Kang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - Bai Wei
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - Sung-Woon Choi
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Egg drop syndrome virus (EDSV) can markedly decrease egg production in laying hens. Duck is the natural host of EDSV. EDSV derived from ducks abrogate egg drop in laying hens. We have previously confirmed that duck-derived EDSVs have a variety of replication activities in chick embryo liver (CEL) cells. However, it is currently unclear whether duck-derived EDSV could display tropism and adaptation in laying hens. This study assessed whether duck-derived EDSV can adapt to laying hens, and estimated the inducing factors. Complete genome sequences of duck-derived EDSVs (D11-JW-012, D11-JW-017, and D11-JW-032 isolates) with various replication efficiency in CEL cells and C10-GY-001 isolate causing disease in laying hens were analyzed to find their differences. Phylogenetic analysis of complete genome sequence revealed that C10-GY-001, D11-JW-032, and strain 127 virus as vaccine were clustered into the same group, with D11-JW-012 and D11-JW-017 clustered in another group. Comparison between D11-JW-012 isolate that poorly replicated and D11-JW-017 isolate that replicated well in CEL cells in same cluster revealed six amino acid differences on IVa2, DNA polymerase, endopeptidase, and DNA-binding protein. These amino acids might be key candidates enhancing cellular tropism in chicken. When the pathogenicities of these isolates in laying hens were compared, D11-JW-032 showed severe signs similar to 127 virus, D11-JW-017 showed intermediate signs, while D11-JW-012 showed almost no sign. Eleven amino acids differed between D11-JW-032 and D11-JW-017, and 17 amino acids were different between D11-JW-032 and D11-JW-012. These results suggest that EDSVs derived from ducks have various pathogenicities in laying hens. Key amino acid candidates might have altered their affinity to tropism of laying hens, causing difference pathogenicities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Kang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wei B, Cha SY, Kang M, Jang HK. Dissemination of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter in wild birds from South Korea. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2015; 45:197-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
17
|
Choi JH, Cho KY, Cha SY, Seo JD, Kim MJ, Kim JS, Choi KD. EHMTI-0320. Orthostatic headache and audiovestibular dysfunction associated with intracranial hypotension. J Headache Pain 2014. [PMCID: PMC4180289 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-15-s1-d7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
18
|
Wei B, Cha SY, Kang M, Roh JH, Seo HS, Yoon RH, Jang HK. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and molecular typing of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from ducks in South Korea. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:7604-10. [PMID: 25261524 PMCID: PMC4249223 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02469-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is a food-borne zoonotic pathogen that causes human gastroenteritis worldwide. Campylobacter bacteria are commensal in the intestines of many food production animals, including ducks and chickens. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter species in domestic ducks, and the agar dilution method was used to determine resistance of the isolates to eight antibiotics. In addition, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to determine the sequence types (STs) of selected Campylobacter isolates. Between May and September 2012, 58 duck farms were analyzed, and 56 (96.6%) were positive for Campylobacter. Among the isolates, 82.1% were Campylobacter jejuni, 16.1% were C. coli, and one was unidentified by PCR. Of the 46 C. jejuni isolates, 87.0%, 10.9%, and 21.7% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and azithromycin, respectively. Among the C. coli isolates, all 9 strains were resistant to ampicillin, and 77.8% and 33.3% were resistant to ciprofloxacin and azithromycin, respectively. The majority of the Campylobacter isolates were classified as multidrug resistant. Twenty-eight STs were identified, including 20 STs for C. jejuni and 8 STs for C. coli. The most common clonal complexes in C. jejuni were the ST-21 complex and the ST-45 complex, while the ST-828 complex predominated in C. coli. The majority of isolates were of STs noted in ducks and humans from earlier studies, along with seven STs previously associated only with human disease. These STs overlapped between duck and human isolates, indicating that Campylobacter isolates from ducks should be considered potential sources of human infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bai Wei
- Departments of Infectious Diseases & Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Departments of Infectious Diseases & Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Min Kang
- Departments of Infectious Diseases & Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hee Roh
- Departments of Infectious Diseases & Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Hye-Suk Seo
- Departments of Infectious Diseases & Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ran-Hee Yoon
- Departments of Infectious Diseases & Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Departments of Infectious Diseases & Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yoon RH, Cha SY, Wei B, Roh JH, Seo HS, Oh JY, Jang HK. Prevalence of Salmonella isolates and antimicrobial resistance in poultry meat from South Korea. J Food Prot 2014; 77:1579-82. [PMID: 25198850 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Contamination of Salmonella was assessed in duck and chicken meat collected from supermarkets, traditional markets, internet shopping malls, and wholesale markets in Jeonlado, South Korea, in 2013. Salmonella contamination was found in 51.3% of duck meat samples and 3.7% of chicken meat samples. Salmonella contamination of duck meat samples differed by meat type, i.e., 69.8% of samples of whole ducks and 33.9% of samples of duck pieces. Six serotypes were identified from 64 Salmonella isolates in duck meat: Salmonella Typhimurium (37.5%), Salmonella Enteritidis (21.8%), Salmonella Stanley (3.1%), Salmonella Regent (1.6%), Salmonella Winterthur (3.1%), and Salmonella Westhampton (1.6%). All isolates were resistant to one or more antibiotics. Resistance to sulfisoxazole was most common (93.8% of isolates), followed by resistance to nalidixic acid (59.4%), ceftazidime (26.6%), and ampicillin (26.6%). To our knowledge, this study is the first to report Salmonella contamination in duck meat from Korea. Duck meat should be considered an important source of foodborne pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran-Hee Yoon
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si 570-752, South Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si 570-752, South Korea
| | - Bai Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si 570-752, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hee Roh
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si 570-752, South Korea
| | - Hye-Suk Seo
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si 570-752, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Oh
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si 570-752, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si 570-752, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Riemerella anatipestifer is the causative agent of polyserositis and septicaemia in waterfowl. Twenty-one serotypes have been reported, and there is a strong variation in virulence between strains according to serotype or strain. However, little information is available to assess virulence, such as virulence-associated genes; thus, it is difficult to estimate the risk from field strains. Hence, we established a chicken embryo lethality assay (ELA) model to determine the virulence of R. anatipestifer strains. Three virulent strains (RA T1, RA T7, and V-1) and three avirulent strains (Av-1, Av-2, and Av-3), which were confirmed by duck challenge, were used to perform the ELA. Inoculating 10(2) to 10(4) colony-forming units into the allantoic cavity of 10-day-old embryos discriminated between virulent and avirulent strains based on mortality. Differences in invasion rates into embryonic tissues were found between the RA T1 and Av-1 strains. The maximum colony-forming units of the RA T1 strain were about 1000 times higher than those of the Av-1 strain in the tissue invasion rate for 4 days. We found that the virulent strains killed embryos at mortality rates ≥ 50% during the first 3 days after inoculation and that the avirulent strains had death rates of ≤ 20% over 5 days. These results obtained by repeated testing suggest that the ELA could be used as a first-line screening method to determine the virulence of R. anatipestifer strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Suk Seo
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Division of Influenza Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju , South Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cha SY, Song ET, Kang M, Wei B, Seo HS, Roh JH, Yoon RH, Moon OK, Jang HK. Prevalence of duck circovirus infection of subclinical pekin ducks in South Korea. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 76:597-9. [PMID: 24366154 PMCID: PMC4064150 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.13-0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An investigation was carried out to determine the prevalence and infection
pattern of duck circovirus (DuCV) in subclinical Pekin ducks on South Korean duck farms. A
total of 147 samples collected from 92 duck farms in five provinces were examined from
2011 to 2012. The overall prevalence of DuCV PCR-positive pooled bursa of Fabricius and
liver samples was 21.8% (32/147). The prevalence of DuCV PCR-positive samples increased
significantly in 3-week-old ducks compared with that in 1-week-old ducks
(P<0.05). DuCV in association with Riemerella and
Salmonella infections (10.9%; 16/147) occurred at the same level as
infection with DuCV alone (10.9%; 16/147). In comparison of the relationship between
bacterial diseases (salmonellosis, Riemerella infection) and morbidity in
farms with and without DuCV, morbidity was higher in circovirus-positive farms (50%;
16/32) than in circovirus-negative farms (26.1%; 30/115). Our findings provide baseline
information on the degree of DuCV infection and distribution and pattern of DuCV in ducks,
and it is evident that DuCV can be associated with subclinical diseases and that
subclinical infection could be economically important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se-Yeoun Cha
- Departments of Infectious Diseases & Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Chonbuk, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lee K, Nguyen DT, Choi M, Cha SY, Kim JH, Dadi H, Seo HG, Seo K, Chun T, Park C. Analysis of cattle olfactory subgenome: the first detail study on the characteristics of the complete olfactory receptor repertoire of a ruminant. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:596. [PMID: 24004971 PMCID: PMC3766653 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mammalian olfactory receptors (ORs) are encoded by the largest mammalian multigene family. Understanding the OR gene repertoire in the cattle genome could lead to link the effects of genetic differences in these genes to variations in olfaction in cattle. Results We report here a whole genome analysis of the olfactory receptor genes of Bos taurus using conserved OR gene-specific motifs and known OR protein sequences from diverse species. Our analysis, using the current cattle genome assembly UMD 3.1 covering 99.9% of the cattle genome, shows that the cattle genome contains 1,071 OR-related sequences including 881 functional, 190 pseudo, and 352 partial OR sequences. The OR genes are located in 49 clusters on 26 cattle chromosomes. We classified them into 18 families consisting of 4 Class I and 14 Class II families and these were further grouped into 272 subfamilies. Comparative analyses of the OR genes of cattle, pigs, humans, mice, and dogs showed that 6.0% (n = 53) of functional OR cattle genes were species-specific. We also showed that significant copy number variations are present in the OR repertoire of the cattle from the analysis of 10 selected OR genes. Conclusion Our analysis revealed the almost complete OR gene repertoire from an individual cattle genome. Though the number of OR genes were lower than in pigs, the analysis of the genetic system of cattle ORs showed close similarities to that of the pig.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyooyeol Lee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 263 Achasan-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cha SY, Kang M, Moon OK, Park CK, Jang HK. Respiratory disease due to current egg drop syndrome virus in Pekin ducks. Vet Microbiol 2013; 165:305-11. [PMID: 23639475 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 03/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
24
|
Cha SY, Kang M, Yoon RH, Park CK, Moon OK, Jang HK. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolates in Pekin ducks from South Korea. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 36:473-9. [PMID: 23618792 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An investigation was carried out to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella serotypes at South Korean duck farms. A total of 7119 samples collected from 72 duck farms in five provinces were examined from 2011 to 2012. The overall prevalence of Salmonella serotypes was 43.4% (69/159) in duck flocks from 65.2% (47/72) of the duck farms. Eighty-five strains were isolated from 69 duck flocks. Three serotypes of Salmonella enterica were identified such as S. Typhimurium (39/85), S. Enteritidis (44/85), and S. London (2/85). The prevalence of Salmonella infection decreased significantly in 3-week-old ducks compared to that in 1-week-old ducks (P<0.05). All isolates except one were resistant to at least one antimicrobial and 27% of the isolates were resistant to 5-16 antimicrobials. Our findings provide baseline information on the degree of Salmonella infection and distribution of Salmonella serotypes in ducks and indicate that ducks should be considered an important source of foodborne pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Chonbuk, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Song N, Jo H, Choi M, Kim JH, Seo HG, Cha SY, Seo K, Park C. Identification and classification of feline endogenous retroviruses in the cat genome using degenerate PCR and in silico data analysis. J Gen Virol 2013; 94:1587-1596. [PMID: 23515024 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.051862-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify and classify endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) in the cat genome. Pooled DNA from five domestic cats was subjected to degenerate PCR with primers specific to the conserved retroviral pro/pol region. The 59 amplified retroviral sequences were used for in silico analysis of the cat genome (Felis_catus-6.2). We identified 219 ERV γ and β elements from cat genome contigs, which were classified into 42 ERV γ and 4 β families and further analysed. Among them, 99 γ and 5 β ERV elements contained the complete retroviral structure. Furthermore, we identified 757 spuma-like ERV elements based on the sequence homology to murine (Mu)ERV-L and human (H)ERV-L. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed genome-scale analysis examining Felis catus endogenous retroviruses (FcERV) and providing advanced insights into their structural characteristics, localization in the genome, and diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Song
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haiin Jo
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minkyeung Choi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han Geuk Seo
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Kunho Seo
- Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Park IJ, Cha SY, Kang M, Jang HK. Immunomodulatory effect of a proanthocyanidin-rich extract from Pinus radiata bark by dosing period in chickens. Poult Sci 2013; 92:352-7. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
27
|
Kim K, Nguyen DT, Choi M, Kim JH, Seo HG, Dadi H, Cha SY, Seo K, Lee YM, Kim JJ, Park C. Alpha (1,2)-fucosyltransferase M307A polymorphism improves piglet survival. Anim Biotechnol 2013; 24:243-50. [PMID: 23777352 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2013.776964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To confirm the beneficial effects of alpha (1,2)-fucosyltransferase (FUT1) M307 (A) on piglet survival on commercial farms, we performed PCR-RFLP analysis of FUT1 M307 in successfully marketed (n = 245) and disease affected/deceased pigs during weaning (n = 252) at a commercial farm. We also evaluated the FUT1 genotypes of 190 healthy pigs from three different genetic backgrounds. The distribution of genotypes differed between the successfully marketed and disease affected/deceased pig groups. The frequency of the A allele, associated with resistance to edema and post-weaning diarrhea, was higher in the post-weaning survival group (0.21) than in the non-survival group (0.16, P < 0.05). The odds ratio for piglet survival between AA and GG genotypes was 1.98; thus, piglet survival for individuals with the AA genotype was almost two-fold greater than for GG individuals. The FUT1 gene polymorphism can be used as an effective marker for selection programs to improve post-weaning piglet survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyungtae Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cha SY, Kim EJ, Kang M, Jang SH, Lee HB, Jang HK. Epidemiology of canine distemper virus in wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) from South Korea. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 35:497-504. [PMID: 22608695 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) are widespread and common in South Korea. In 2011, we obtained serum samples from 102 wild raccoon dogs to survey their exposure to canine distemper virus (CDV). Forty-five of the 102 animals (44.1%) were seropositive. Field cases of canine distemper in wild raccoon dogs from 2010 to 2011 were investigated. Fourteen cases of CDV infection were identified by a commercially available CDV antigen detection kit. These cases were used for virus isolation and molecular analysis. Sequence analysis of hemagglutinin genes indicated that all viruses isolated belonged to the Asia-2 genotype. H protein residues which are related to the receptor and host specificity (residues 530 and 549) were analyzed. A glutamic acid (E) residue is present at 530 in all isolates. At 549, a histidine (H) residue was found in five isolates and tyrosine (Y) residue was found in 6 isolates. Our study demonstrated that CDV infection was widespread in wild raccoon dogs in South Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Chonbuk, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sagong M, Park CK, Kim SH, Lee KK, Lee OS, Lee DS, Cha SY, Lee C. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase-immortalized porcine monomyeloid cell lines for the production of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. J Virol Methods 2012; 179:26-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2011.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
30
|
Kwon SG, Cha SY, Choi EJ, Kim B, Song HJ, Jang HK. Epidemiological Prevalence of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Differentiated by Multiplex PCR from Commercial Chickens and Hatchery in Korea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.4167/jbv.2008.38.4.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Gu Kwon
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Yeoun Cha
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Choi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Bio-Food and Drug Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jong Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Jang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yoon HA, Eo SK, Aleyas AG, Cha SY, Lee JH, Chae JS, Jang HK, Cho EG, Song HJ. Investigation of pseudorabies virus latency in nervous tissues of seropositive pigs exposed to field strain. J Vet Med Sci 2006; 68:143-8. [PMID: 16520536 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.68.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and quantity of latent pseudorabies virus (PrV) in nervous tissues of pigs exposed to field strain in Korea was investigated by nested and real-time PCR. Nervous tissues including trigeminal ganglion (TG), olfactory bulb (OB), and brain stem (BS) were collected from 94 seropositive pigs. PrV latent infection in nervous tissues was initially investigated by nested PCR targeting three glycoprotein genes (gB, gE, and gG). Based on the obtained result, latent infection was detected in 95.7% of screened animals. Furthermore, it was revealed that the examined tissues harbored different copy numbers of latent PrV genome ranging from <10(2.0) to 10(7.1) copies per microgram of genomic DNA in real-time PCR analysis. These results show that under normal conditions, levels of latent PrV in the nervous tissues of pigs can vary across a wide range. Therefore, the data presented here provides information regarding control of the endemic state of PrV in Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-A Yoon
- Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|