1
|
Koutsouflakis E, Krylov D, Bachellier N, Sostina D, Dubrovin V, Liu F, Spree L, Velkos G, Schimmel S, Wang Y, Büchner B, Westerström R, Bulbucan C, Kirkpatrick K, Muntwiler M, Dreiser J, Greber T, Avdoshenko SM, Dorn H, Popov AA. Metamagnetic transition and a loss of magnetic hysteresis caused by electron trapping in monolayers of single-molecule magnet Tb 2@C 79N. Nanoscale 2022; 14:9877-9892. [PMID: 35781298 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08475e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Realization of stable spin states in surface-supported magnetic molecules is crucial for their applications in molecular spintronics, memory storage or quantum information processing. In this work, we studied the surface magnetism of dimetallo-azafullerene Tb2@C79N, showing a broad magnetic hysteresis in a bulk form. Surprisingly, monolayers of Tb2@C79N exhibited a completely different behavior, with the prevalence of a ground state with antiferromagnetic coupling at low magnetic field and a metamagnetic transition in the magnetic field of 2.5-4 T. Monolayers of Tb2@C79N were deposited onto Cu(111) and Au(111) by evaporation in ultra-high vacuum conditions, and their topography and electronic structure were characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), in combination with DFT studies, revealed that the nitrogen atom of the azafullerene cage tends to avoid metallic surfaces. Magnetic properties of the (sub)monolayers were then studied by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) at the Tb-M4,5 absorption edge. While in bulk powder samples Tb2@C79N behaves as a single-molecule magnet with ferromagnetically coupled magnetic moments and blocking of magnetization at 28 K, its monolayers exhibited a different ground state with antiferromagnetic coupling of Tb magnetic moments. To understand if this unexpected behavior is caused by a strong hybridization of fullerenes with metallic substrates, XMCD measurements were also performed for Tb2@C79N adsorbed on h-BN|Rh(111) and MgO|Ag(100). The co-existence of two forms of Tb2@C79N was found on these substrates as well, but magnetization curves showed narrow magnetic hysteresis detectable up to 25 K. The non-magnetic state of Tb2@C79N in monolayers is assigned to anionic Tb2@C79N- species with doubly-occupied Tb-Tb bonding orbital and antiferromagnetic coupling of the Tb moments. A charge transfer from the substrate or trapping of secondary electrons are discussed as a plausible origin of these species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Koutsouflakis
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Denis Krylov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Nicolas Bachellier
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Daria Sostina
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Vasilii Dubrovin
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Fupin Liu
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Lukas Spree
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Georgios Velkos
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Schimmel
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Yaofeng Wang
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Bernd Büchner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Rasmus Westerström
- The Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Claudiu Bulbucan
- The Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kyle Kirkpatrick
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Matthias Muntwiler
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Jan Dreiser
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Greber
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Physik-Institut der Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stas M Avdoshenko
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Harry Dorn
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - Alexey A Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW Dresden), Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen C, Spree L, Koutsouflakis E, Krylov DS, Liu F, Brandenburg A, Velkos G, Schimmel S, Avdoshenko SM, Fedorov A, Weschke E, Choueikani F, Ohresser P, Dreiser J, Büchner B, Popov AA. Magnetic Hysteresis at 10 K in Single Molecule Magnet Self-Assembled on Gold. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:2000777. [PMID: 33717832 PMCID: PMC7927621 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202000777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous progress in the development of single molecule magnets (SMMs) raises the question of their device integration. On this route, understanding the properties of low-dimensional assemblies of SMMs, in particular in contact with electrodes, is a necessary but difficult step. Here, it is shown that fullerene SMM self-assembled on metal substrate from solution retains magnetic hysteresis up to 10 K. Fullerene-SMM DySc2N@C80 and Dy2ScN@C80 are derivatized to introduce a thioacetate group, which is used to graft SMMs on gold. Magnetic properties of grafted SMMs are studied by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and compared to the films of nonderivatized fullerenes prepared by sublimation. In self-assembled films, the magnetic moments of the Dy ions are preferentially aligned parallel to the surface, which is different from the disordered orientation of endohedral clusters in nonfunctionalized fullerenes. Whereas chemical derivatization reduces the blocking temperature of magnetization and narrows the hysteresis of Dy2ScN@C80, for DySc2N@C80 equally broad hysteresis is observed as in the fullerene multilayer. Magnetic bistability in the DySc2N@C80 grafted on gold is sustained up to 10 K. This study demonstrates that self-assembly of fullerene-SMM derivatives offers a facile solution-based procedure for the preparation of functional magnetic sub-monolayers with excellent SMM performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia‐Hsiang Chen
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 20Dresden01069Germany
- Department of Medicinal and Applied ChemistryKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung807Taiwan
| | - Lukas Spree
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 20Dresden01069Germany
| | - Emmanouil Koutsouflakis
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 20Dresden01069Germany
| | - Denis S. Krylov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 20Dresden01069Germany
- Center for Quantum NanoscienceInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)Seoul03760Republic of Korea
| | - Fupin Liu
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 20Dresden01069Germany
| | - Ariane Brandenburg
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 20Dresden01069Germany
| | - Georgios Velkos
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 20Dresden01069Germany
| | - Sebastian Schimmel
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 20Dresden01069Germany
| | - Stanislav M. Avdoshenko
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 20Dresden01069Germany
| | - Alexander Fedorov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 20Dresden01069Germany
- Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und EnergieWilhelm‐Conrad‐Röntgen‐Campus BESSY IIAlbert‐Einstein‐Strasse 15BerlinD‐12489Germany
| | - Eugen Weschke
- Helmholtz‐Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und EnergieWilhelm‐Conrad‐Röntgen‐Campus BESSY IIAlbert‐Einstein‐Strasse 15BerlinD‐12489Germany
| | - Fadi Choueikani
- Synchrotron SOLEILL'Orme des MerisiersSaint‐Aubin, BP 48Gif‐sur‐Yvette91192France
| | - Philippe Ohresser
- Synchrotron SOLEILL'Orme des MerisiersSaint‐Aubin, BP 48Gif‐sur‐Yvette91192France
| | - Jan Dreiser
- Swiss Light SourcePaul Scherrer InstituteVilligen PSICH‐5232Switzerland
| | - Bernd Büchner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 20Dresden01069Germany
| | - Alexey A. Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 20Dresden01069Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Krylov DS, Schimmel S, Dubrovin V, Liu F, Nguyen TTN, Spree L, Chen C, Velkos G, Bulbucan C, Westerström R, Studniarek M, Dreiser J, Hess C, Büchner B, Avdoshenko SM, Popov AA. Substrate‐Independent Magnetic Bistability in Monolayers of the Single‐Molecule Magnet Dy
2
ScN@C
80
on Metals and Insulators. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denis S. Krylov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
- Center for Quantum Nanoscience Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Sebastian Schimmel
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Vasilii Dubrovin
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Fupin Liu
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - T. T. Nhung Nguyen
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Lukas Spree
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Chia‐Hsiang Chen
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan
| | - Georgios Velkos
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Claudiu Bulbucan
- The division of synchrotron radiation research Lund University 22100 Lund Sweden
| | - Rasmus Westerström
- The division of synchrotron radiation research Lund University 22100 Lund Sweden
| | - Michał Studniarek
- Swiss Light Source Paul Scherrer Institute 5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
| | - Jan Dreiser
- Swiss Light Source Paul Scherrer Institute 5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
| | - Christian Hess
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Bernd Büchner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Stanislav M. Avdoshenko
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Alexey A. Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Krylov DS, Schimmel S, Dubrovin V, Liu F, Nguyen TTN, Spree L, Chen C, Velkos G, Bulbucan C, Westerström R, Studniarek M, Dreiser J, Hess C, Büchner B, Avdoshenko SM, Popov AA. Substrate-Independent Magnetic Bistability in Monolayers of the Single-Molecule Magnet Dy 2 ScN@C 80 on Metals and Insulators. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5756-5764. [PMID: 31860759 PMCID: PMC7155138 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic hysteresis is demonstrated for monolayers of the single-molecule magnet (SMM) Dy2 ScN@C80 deposited on Au(111), Ag(100), and MgO|Ag(100) surfaces by vacuum sublimation. The topography and electronic structure of Dy2 ScN@C80 adsorbed on Au(111) were studied by STM. X-ray magnetic CD studies show that the Dy2 ScN@C80 monolayers exhibit similarly broad magnetic hysteresis independent on the substrate used, but the orientation of the Dy2 ScN cluster depends strongly on the surface. DFT calculations show that the extent of the electronic interaction of the fullerene molecules with the surface is increasing dramatically from MgO to Au(111) and Ag(100). However, the charge redistribution at the fullerene-surface interface is fully absorbed by the carbon cage, leaving the state of the endohedral cluster intact. This Faraday cage effect of the fullerene preserves the magnetic bistability of fullerene-SMMs on conducting substrates and facilitates their application in molecular spintronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis S. Krylov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
- Center for Quantum NanoscienceInstitute for Basic Science (IBS)SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Sebastian Schimmel
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| | - Vasilii Dubrovin
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| | - Fupin Liu
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| | - T. T. Nhung Nguyen
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| | - Lukas Spree
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| | - Chia‐Hsiang Chen
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
- Department of Medicinal and Applied ChemistryKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung807Taiwan
| | - Georgios Velkos
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| | - Claudiu Bulbucan
- The division of synchrotron radiation researchLund University22100LundSweden
| | - Rasmus Westerström
- The division of synchrotron radiation researchLund University22100LundSweden
| | - Michał Studniarek
- Swiss Light SourcePaul Scherrer Institute5232Villigen PSISwitzerland
| | - Jan Dreiser
- Swiss Light SourcePaul Scherrer Institute5232Villigen PSISwitzerland
| | - Christian Hess
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| | - Bernd Büchner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| | - Stanislav M. Avdoshenko
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| | - Alexey A. Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials ResearchHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schimmel S, Sun Z, Baumann D, Krylov D, Samoylova N, Popov A, Büchner B, Hess C. Adsorption characteristics of Er 3N@C 80on W(110) and Au(111) studied via scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2017; 8:1127-1134. [PMID: 28685113 PMCID: PMC5480356 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We performed a study on the fundamental adsorption characteristics of Er3N@C80 deposited on W(110) and Au(111) via room temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. Adsorbed on W(110), a comparatively strong bond to the endohedral fullerenes inhibited the formation of ordered monolayer islands. In contrast, the Au(111)-surface provides a sufficiently high mobility for the molecules to arrange in monolayer islands after annealing. Interestingly, the fullerenes modify the herringbone reconstruction indicating that the molecule-substrate interaction is of considerable extent. Investigations concerning the electronic structure of Er3N@C80/Au(111) reveals spatial variations dependent on the termination of the Au(111) at the interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schimmel
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW-Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Zhixiang Sun
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW-Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Danny Baumann
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW-Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Denis Krylov
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW-Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nataliya Samoylova
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW-Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexey Popov
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW-Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernd Büchner
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW-Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Transport and Devices, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Hess
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW-Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Transport and Devices, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salazar C, Lach J, Rückerl F, Baumann D, Schimmel S, Knupfer M, Kersting B, Büchner B, Hess C. STM Study of Au(111) Surface-Grafted Paramagnetic Macrocyclic Complexes [Ni2L(Hmba)](+) via Ambidentate Coligands. Langmuir 2016; 32:4464-4471. [PMID: 27093097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecular anchoring and electronic properties of macrocyclic complexes fixed on gold surfaces have been investigated mainly by using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and complemented with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Exchange-coupled macrocyclic complexes [Ni2L(Hmba)](+) were deposited via 4-mercaptobenzoate ligands on the surface of a Au(111) single crystal from a mM solution of the perchlorate salt [Ni2L(Hmba)]ClO4 in dichloromethane. The combined results from STM and XPS show the formation of large monolayers anchored via Au-S bonds with a height of about 1.5 nm. Two apparent granular structures are visible: one related to the dinickel molecular complexes (cationic structures) and a second one related to the counterions ClO4(-) which stabilize the monolayer. No type of short and long-range order is observed. STM tip-interaction with the monolayer reveals higher degradation after 8 h of measurement. Spectroscopy measurements suggest a gap of about 2.5 eV between HOMO and LUMO of the cationic structures and smaller gap in the areas related to the anionic structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Salazar
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden) , Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jochen Lach
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig , 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Florian Rückerl
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden) , Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - Danny Baumann
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden) , Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schimmel
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden) , Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Knupfer
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden) , Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - Berthold Kersting
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Leipzig , 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernd Büchner
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden) , Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01171 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Transport and Devices, Technische Universität Dresden , 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Hess
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW-Dresden) , Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01171 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Transport and Devices, Technische Universität Dresden , 01069 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kletting P, Schimmel S, Hänscheid H, Luster M, Fernández M, Nosske D, Lassmann M, Glatting G. The NUKDOS software for treatment planning in molecular radiotherapy. Z Med Phys 2015; 25:264-74. [PMID: 25791740 DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was the development of a software tool for treatment planning prior to molecular radiotherapy, which comprises all functionality to objectively determine the activity to administer and the pertaining absorbed doses (including the corresponding error) based on a series of gamma camera images and one SPECT/CT or probe data. NUKDOS was developed in MATLAB. The workflow is based on the MIRD formalism For determination of the tissue or organ pharmacokinetics, gamma camera images as well as probe, urine, serum and blood activity data can be processed. To estimate the time-integrated activity coefficients (TIAC), sums of exponentials are fitted to the time activity data and integrated analytically. To obtain the TIAC on the voxel level, the voxel activity distribution from the quantitative 3D SPECT/CT (or PET/CT) is used for scaling and weighting the TIAC derived from the 2D organ data. The voxel S-values are automatically calculated based on the voxel-size of the image and the therapeutic nuclide ((90)Y, (131)I or (177)Lu). The absorbed dose coefficients are computed by convolution of the voxel TIAC and the voxel S-values. The activity to administer and the pertaining absorbed doses are determined by entering the absorbed dose for the organ at risk. The overall error of the calculated absorbed doses is determined by Gaussian error propagation. NUKDOS was tested for the operation systems Windows(®) 7 (64 Bit) and 8 (64 Bit). The results of each working step were compared to commercially available (SAAMII, OLINDA/EXM) and in-house (UlmDOS) software. The application of the software is demonstrated using examples form peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) and from radioiodine therapy of benign thyroid diseases. For the example from PRRT, the calculated activity to administer differed by 4% comparing NUKDOS and the final result using UlmDos, SAAMII and OLINDA/EXM sequentially. The absorbed dose for the spleen and tumour differed by 7% and 8%, respectively. The results from the example from radioiodine therapy of benign thyroid diseases and the example given in the latest corresponding SOP were identical. The implemented, objective methods facilitate accurate and reproducible results. The software is freely available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kletting
- Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | | | | | - Markus Luster
- Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Maria Fernández
- Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Nosske
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Fachbereich Strahlenschutz und Gesundheit, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Michael Lassmann
- Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Glatting
- Medical Radiation Physics/Radiation Protection, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kletting P, Schimmel S, Kestler HA, Hänscheid H, Luster M, Fernández M, Bröer JH, Nosske D, Lassmann M, Glatting G. Erratum: "Molecular radiotherapy: The NUKFIT software for calculating the time-integrated activity coefficient" [Med. Phys. 40, 102504 (2013)]. Med Phys 2014; 41. [PMID: 28105779 DOI: 10.1118/1.4865176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Kletting
- Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universität Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - S Schimmel
- Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universität Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - H A Kestler
- Research Group Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Institut für Neuroinformatik, Universität Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - H Hänscheid
- Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - M Luster
- Klinik für Nuklearmedizin Marburg, Universität Marburg, Marburg 35043, Germany
| | - M Fernández
- Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - J H Bröer
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Fachbereich Strahlenschutz und Gesundheit, Oberschleißheim 85764, Germany
| | - D Nosske
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Fachbereich Strahlenschutz und Gesundheit, Oberschleißheim 85764, Germany
| | - M Lassmann
- Klinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - G Glatting
- Medical Radiation Physics/Radiation Protection, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kletting P, Schimmel S, Kestler HA, Hänscheid H, Luster M, Fernández M, Bröer JH, Nosske D, Lassmann M, Glatting G. Molecular radiotherapy: The NUKFIT software for calculating the time-integrated activity coefficient. Med Phys 2013; 40:102504. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4820367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
10
|
Janko S, Matis T, Fuller M, Ulbrich M, Schimmel S, Schneider K, Hoffmann E. P-285 Outcome of atrial pacing for the prevention of atrial fibrillation recurrences. Europace 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/eupace/4.supplement_2.b133-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Janko
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
,
Munich, Germany
| | - T. Matis
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
,
Munich, Germany
| | - M. Fuller
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
,
Munich, Germany
| | - M. Ulbrich
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
,
Munich, Germany
| | - S. Schimmel
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
,
Munich, Germany
| | - K. Schneider
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
,
Munich, Germany
| | - E. Hoffmann
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Medical Department I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
,
Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Janko S, Fuller M, Matis T, Schimmel S, Schneider K, Hoffmann E. 7.4 Outcome of preventive atrial pacing on recurrences of atrial fibrillation. Europace 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/eupace/4.supplement_1.a12-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Janko
- Medical Department, Klinikum Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - M. Fuller
- Medical Department, Klinikum Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - T. Matis
- Medical Department, Klinikum Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - S. Schimmel
- Medical Department, Klinikum Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - K. Schneider
- Medical Department, Klinikum Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - E. Hoffmann
- Medical Department, Klinikum Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Parker D, Root AW, Schimmel S, Andriola M, DiMauro S. Encephalopathy and fatal myopathy in two siblings. Their association with partial deficiency of muscle carnitine. Am J Dis Child 1982; 136:598-601. [PMID: 7091087 DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1982.03970430030008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Two brothers had intermittent episodes of muscle weakness, lethargy, hyperammonemia, rhabdomyolysis, and elevated activities of creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactic dehydrogenase, and SGOT in serum associated with low muscle carnitine but normal serum carnitine concentrations. These siblings represent a "mixed" form of carnitine deficiency with the elements of both systemic and myopathic carnitine deficiency. The older sibling died suddenly after a 24-hour fast. The younger boy has received carnitine for three years. During this period, serum CPK activity has remained elevated and increased further during illnesses, but no clinical symptoms of encephalopathy or myopathy have appeared.
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Modern psychologists have studied the phenomena of anger and hostility with diverse methodologies and from a variety of theoretical orientations. The close relationships between anger and aggression, psychosomatic disorder and personal unhappiness, make the understanding and control of anger an important individual and social goal. For all of its sophistication and accomplishment, however, most of the modern research demonstrates, to its disadvantage, a lack of historical perspective with respect to the analysis and treatment of anger, whether normal or pathological. This attitude has deprived psychology of a rich source of empirical observations, intriguing, testable hypotheses, and ingenious techniques of treatment. Of the literature that has been neglected, the analyses of the emotion of anger in the writings of Greek and Roman moral philosophers, particularly Aristotle (4th century B.C.), Seneca (1st century A.D.) and Plutarch (early 2nd century A.D.) are of particular interest. Although modern analyses and methods of treatment are in some ways more refined and more quantitatively precise, and are often subjected to validation and modification by empirical-experimental tests, scientific psychology has, to date, contributed relatively little to the understanding and control of anger that is novel except for research on its physiological dimensions. We can still benefit from the insight, prescriptions and procedures of the classicists, who in some respects offer more powerful methods of control than the most recently published works. Naturally, the modern psychotherapist or behavior therapist can and must go beyond the ancients, as is inherent in all scientific and intellectual progress, but there are no scientific or rational grounds for ignoring them as has been done for 75 years.
Collapse
|