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Muhammed S, Chowdhury AK, Majumder KR, Alam MT. Endoluminal Ultrasonography versus Computed Tomography for Locoregional Staging of Carcinoma Stomach. Mymensingh Med J 2023; 32:1052-1057. [PMID: 37777901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Curative surgery remains the mainstay treatment of carcinoma stomach till to date. Preoperative accurate diagnosis of the depth of tumour invasion (T) and nodal involvement (N) in stomach cancer is important in determining the choice of an optimal therapeutic approach. Endoluminal ultrasonography (EUS) is considered as most reliable tools for assessing locoregional staging as it can overcome bones and air barrier on the other hand computed tomography (CT) has increased its' efficacy greatly after introduction of extreme multi-detector and phase-contrast CT. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of T and N staging with EUS and CT by comparing with postoperative histopathology in stomach carcinoma. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the department of General Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh from August 2019 to July 2020. Forty five (45) patients who underwent curative stomach resection surgery due to carcinoma of stomach were enrolled in this study. All patients were investigated by EUS and CT preoperatively to assess locoregional staging. Then patients underwent stomach resection surgery and specimen sent for histopathology. EUS had sensitivity 80.0% to predict T staging but specificity 60.0% and the overall accuracy was 68.89%. CT result showed sensitivity 59.38% to predict T staging but specificity 46.15%, and the overall accuracy was 55.56%. EUS had 65.63% sensitivity to predict nodal involvement but specificity 61.54% and the overall accuracy was 64.44%. CT had 83.33% sensitivity to predict nodal involvement but specificity 55.56% and the overall accuracy was 77.78%. EUS is more accurate than CT in T staging but CT is more accurate than EUS in the N staging of carcinoma stomach. So EUS and CT both should be used as a diagnostic tool for preoperative locoregional staging of carcinoma stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Muhammed
- Dr Shafayat Muhammed, Phase B resident, Department of General Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Bahuleyan CG, Namboodiri N, Jabir A, Lip GYH, Koshy A G, Shifas BM, Viswanathan S K, Zachariah G, Venugopal K, Punnose E, Natarajan KU, Mini GK, Joseph J, Nambiar C A, Jayagopal PB, Mohanan PP, George R, Unni G, Sajeev CG, Muhammed S, Syam N, Roby A, Daniel R, Krishnakumar VV, Pillai AM, Joseph S, Jinbert Lordson A. One-year clinical outcome of patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Insights from KERALA-AF registry. Indian Heart J 2020; 73:56-62. [PMID: 33714410 PMCID: PMC7961260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2020.11.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report patient characteristics, treatment pattern and one-year clinical outcome of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) from Kerala, India. This cohort forms part of Kerala Atrial Fibrillation (KERALA-AF) registry which is an ongoing large prospective study. METHODS KERALA-AF registry collected data of adults with previously or newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) during April 2016 to April 2017. A total of 3421 patients were recruited from 53 hospitals across Kerala state. We analysed one-year follow-up outcome of 2507 patients with NVAF. RESULTS Mean age at recruitment was 67.2 years (range 18-98) and 54.8% were males. Main co-morbidities were hypertension (61.2%), hyperlipidaemia (46.2%) and diabetes mellitus (37.2%). Major co-existing diseases were chronic kidney disease (42.1%), coronary artery disease (41.6%), and chronic heart failure (26.4%). Mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 3.18 (SD ± 1.7) and HAS-BLED score, 1.84 (SD ± 1.3). At baseline, use of oral anticoagulants (OAC) was 38.6% and antiplatelets 32.7%. On one-month follow-up use of OAC increased to 65.8% and antiplatelets to 48.3%. One-year all-cause mortality was 16.48 and hospitalization 20.65 per 100 person years. The main causes of death were cardiovascular (75.0%), stroke (13.1%) and others (11.9%). The major causes of hospitalizations were acute coronary syndrome (35.0%), followed by arrhythmia (29.5%) and heart failure (8.4%). CONCLUSIONS Despite high risk profile of patients in this registry, use of OAC was suboptimal, whereas antiplatelets were used in nearly half of patients. A relatively high rate of annual mortality and hospitalization was observed in patients with NVAF in Kerala AF Registry.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Bahuleyan
- Cardiovascular Centre, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Trivandrum, India.
| | - Narayanan Namboodiri
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
| | - A Jabir
- Lisie Heart Institute, Ernakulam, India
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - George Koshy A
- Medical College Hospital, Trivandrum, India 8Global Institute of Public Health, 6. Cardiovascular Centre, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Trivandrum, India
| | - Babu M Shifas
- Cardiovascular Centre, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Trivandrum, India
| | - Kartik Viswanathan S
- Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
| | | | - K Venugopal
- Pushpagiri Medical College, Thiruvalla, India
| | | | - K U Natarajan
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Ernakulam, India
| | - G K Mini
- Global Institute of Public Health, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | | | | | | | - P P Mohanan
- West Fort Hi-Tech Hospital, Ponkunam, Thrissur, India
| | - Raju George
- Government Medical College Hospital, Kottayam, India
| | | | - C G Sajeev
- Government Medical College Hospital, Calicut, India
| | | | - N Syam
- General Hospital, Kollam, India
| | - Anil Roby
- Dr Damodaran Memorial Hospital, Kollam, India
| | - Rachel Daniel
- N S Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Kollam, India
| | - V V Krishnakumar
- Cardiovascular Centre, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Trivandrum, India
| | - Anand M Pillai
- Cardiovascular Centre, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Trivandrum, India
| | - Stigi Joseph
- Little Flower Hospital, M C Road, Angamali, India
| | - A Jinbert Lordson
- Cardiovascular Centre, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Trivandrum, India; Global Institute of Public Health, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
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Gobir A, Aliyu A, Abubakar A, Ibrahim J, Esekhaigbe C, Joshua A, Adagba K, Muhammed S. Knowledge of heat waves and practice of protective measures against it in a rural West African. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Heat wave has a direct linkage to global climate change and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Between March and May 2019, Nigeria experienced severe heat waves. Understanding heat waves provides an opportunity for individuals to proactively take measures to prevent its negative health impacts. However, illiteracy levels in rural Sub-Saharan Africa are higher than in urban areas.This study was therefore conducted to assess knowledge of heat waves and practice of protective measures against it in an affected rural community of Nigeria.
Methods
A cross-sectional, community based descriptive study conducted among household heads in Nasarawan Buhari, a rural agrarian community in Nigeria. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 104 household heads, selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data was analyzed using SPSS (version 20).
Results
A majority of the respondents were males (79.8%) and most of them (89.4%) had poor knowledge of heat waves. Farming occupation was significantly associated with knowledge of heat waves (P = 0.025). Awareness of measures needed to protect against the negative health impacts of heat waves was also poor. Hence fluid intake and cold showers were the only protective measures used by majority of respondents to reduce effect of the extreme heat.
Conclusions
Both knowledge of heat waves and practice of protective measures against it were poor among respondents. A health education intervention on heat waves and how to prevent its negative health impacts was conducted in the community.
Key messages
Due to poor knowledge of heat waves and its negative health effects, practice of protective measures against it was poor among respondents. There is need for more public health response to address this rural public health challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gobir
- Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - A Aliyu
- Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | - J Ibrahim
- Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - C Esekhaigbe
- Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - A Joshua
- Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | - K Adagba
- Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - S Muhammed
- Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria
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Charantharayil Gopalan B, Namboodiri N, Abdullakutty J, Lip GYH, Koshy AG, Krishnan Nair V, Babu S, Muhammed S, Azariah JL, George R, Nambiar A, Govindan U, Zachariah G, Kumaraswamy N, Chakanalil Govindan S, Natesan S, Roby A, Velayudhan Nair K, Pillai AM, Daniel R. Kerala Atrial Fibrillation Registry: a prospective observational study on clinical characteristics, treatment pattern and outcome of atrial fibrillation in Kerala, India, cohort profile. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e025901. [PMID: 31352410 PMCID: PMC6661577 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Limited published data exist on the clinical epidemiology of atrial fibrillation (AF) in South Asia including India. Most of the published data are from the Western countries and the Far East. The Kerala AF registry was initiated to collect systematic, prospective data on clinical characteristics, risk factors, treatment pattern and outcomes of consecutive AF patients who consulted cardiologists across the state of Kerala, India. PARTICIPANTS All newly diagnosed and previously reported patients aged ≥18 years with documented evidence of AF on ECG were included. Patients with transient AF due to infection, acute myocardial infarction, alcohol intoxication, metabolic abnormalities and AF seen in postoperative cases and critically ill patients with life expectancy less than 30 days were excluded. FINDINGS TO DATE A total of 3421 patients were recruited from 53 hospitals across Kerala from April 2016 to April 2017. There were 51% (n=1744) women. The median age of the cohort was 65 (IQR 56-74) years. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia were present in 53.8%, 34.5% and 42.2% patients, respectively. Chronic kidney disease was observed in 46.6%, coronary artery disease in 34.8% and heart failure (HF) in 26.5% of patients. Mean CHA2DS2-VASc score of the cohort was 2.9, and HAS-BLED score was 1.7. Detailed information of antithrombotic and antiarrhythmic drugs was collected at baseline and on follow-up. During 1-year follow-up, 443 deaths (12.9%) occurred of which 332 (9.7%) were cardiac death and 63 (1.8%) were due to stroke. There were 578 (16.8%) hospitalisations mainly due to acute coronary syndrome, arrythmias and HF. FUTURE PLANS Currently, this is the largest prospective study on AF patients from India, and the cohort will be followed for 5 years to observe the treatment patterns and clinical outcomes. The investigators encourage collaborations with national and international AF researchers. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CTRI/2017/10/010097.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Narayanan Namboodiri
- Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | | | - Gregory YH Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | | | - Shifas Babu
- Cardiovascular Centre, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | | | - Jinbert Lordson Azariah
- Department of Clinical Research, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Department of Research, Global Institute of Public Health, Trivandrum, India
| | - Raju George
- Department of Cardiology, Geovernment Medical College Hospital, Kottayam, India
| | - Ashokan Nambiar
- Department of Cardiology, Baby Memorial Hospital, Calicut, India
| | - Unni Govindan
- Department of Cardiology, Jubilee Mission Hospital Trust, Thrissur, India
| | | | - Natarajan Kumaraswamy
- Department of Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Cochin, India
| | | | - Syam Natesan
- Department of Cardiology, Government General Hospital, Kollam, India
| | - Anil Roby
- Department of Cardiology, Dr. Damodaran Memorial Hospital, Kollam, India
| | | | - Anand M Pillai
- Cardiovascular Centre, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Rachel Daniel
- Department of Cardiology, NS Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Kollam, India
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Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to answer the following research question: What is the level of illness perceptions and quality of life among TB patients in Gezira state?. METHODS A descriptive study design was used. Newly diagnosed smear positive TB patients registered in Gezira state in 2010 (n=425) formed the study population. The illness perceptions were measured by using Brief Illness Perceptions Questionnaire (BIPQ). Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) was assessed by means of the 12-item short form Health Survey questionnaire (FS-12). RESULTS TB patients saw TB as having minor consequences, TB not being very well controlled by treatment, and TB as lasting long as a disease; they also associated several symptoms with TB. Furthermore, the patients had relatively poor physical and mental quality of life. Identity, consequences, personal control and emotional representations were associated with poor physical quality of life while concern about illness was associated with poor mental quality of life. CONCLUSION The illness perceptions of the TB patients might influence their adherence to treatment. The poor quality of life of the TB patients in the different areas of quality of life such as daily activities and work, calls for programmes to strengthen TB information, education and counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aro Arja
- Unit for Health Promotion Research, University of Southern Denmark (SDU), Esbjerg, Denmark
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Heathcote JG, Muhammed S, Smith EF, Grant ME. Biosynthetic studies on the collagenous components of basement membranes. Ren Physiol 1980; 3:36-40. [PMID: 7323429 DOI: 10.1159/000172739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of the collagenous components of the rat lens capsule and glomerular basement membrane (GBM) has been investigated. Intact lenses, isolated lens capsules and isolated renal glomeruli incorporate [3H]proline into 4-hydroxy[3H]proline containing polypeptides of approximate molecular weight 180,000 (analysed under reducing conditions). These polypeptides are deposited in the deoxycholate-insoluble basement membrane matrix and correspond to subunits of the intact, non-radioactive basement membranes. With time a proportion of the newly synthesised collagenous polypeptides become assembled into high molecular weight aggregates which are stabilized by lysine- and/or hydroxylysine-derived cross-links. Despite the similar patterns of collagen biosynthesis in the rat lens capsule and GMB, the latter has a more complex polypeptide composition the origin of which remains uncertain.
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