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Makvandi M, Rashno M, Faghihloo E, Bagheri S, Hesam S, Mirzaei H, Ramezani A. Low presence of papillomavirus and its lack of correlation with clinicopathological factors in breast cancer: a case control study. Iran J Microbiol 2023; 15:585-593. [PMID: 38045712 PMCID: PMC10692969 DOI: 10.18502/ijm.v15i4.13513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Breast cancer is currently the most commonly diagnosed neoplasm in women worldwide. There is evidence that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection may play a key role in breast cancer aggressiveness, but results are conflicting across studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of the HPV viral genome in benign and malignant breast tissue samples and its clinicopathological characteristics of cancer. Materials and Methods In this case-control study, 100 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) of breast cancer and 100 blocks of non-cancerous breast tissue were selected as a control group from the pathology department of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz from 2020-2022. The presence of HPV was detected using nested PCR including MY09/11 primers and sequencing were performed for virus genotyping. Results The present study enrolled 100 subjects each in two cancer and control groups with a mean age of 52.81±13.23 and 35.77±11.65, respectively. The risk of cancer in HPV-infected patients is almost 5 times higher than in HPV-negative individuals, it is not statistically significant (OR =4.99, 95% CI 0.35 to 72.15, p=0.238). The prevalence of HPV in the cancer and control groups was 7% and 1%, respectively and HPVs detected in two groups were of the HPV 16 genotype. Although the chance of ER and PR expression, lymphvascular involvement, perineural invasion, and higher tumor grade was higher in HPV-positive subjects than in HPV-negative subjects, this was not statistically significant (OR>1, p>0.05). Conclusion Based on studies reporting the existence of sequences of different high-risk HPV types (oncogenes) in breast cancer tissues, this study confirmed the hypothesis of a possible infectious cause in the development of breast cancer. So far, however, the results have been controversial and inconclusive. Further studies with large sample sizes are needed to demonstrate the link between HPV and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoochehr Makvandi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rashno
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Faghihloo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Bagheri
- Department of Pathology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saeed Hesam
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Habibollah Mirzaei
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Ramezani
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Makvandi M, Jalilian S, Faghihloo E, Khanizadeh S, Ramezani A, Bagheri S, Mirzaei H. Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus and Co-Infection with Epstein-Barr Virus in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:3931-3937. [PMID: 36444607 PMCID: PMC9930975 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.11.3931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most important malignancies, worldwide. Oncogenic viruses, such as human papilloma virus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are linked to these cancers and studies suggest a possible interaction between HPV and EBV during co-infections to promote oncogenesis. Nonetheless, these reports are controversial and demand more investigations in this regard. The present work to assessed the prevalence of HPV and co-infection with EBV in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. METHODS Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were collected from 166 archived oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma samples from Ahvaz Imam Khomeini hospital, Ahvaz, Iran, from March 2013 and December 2019. Nested-PCR was used to detect the viruses and type-specific PCR/nested-PCR and sequencing were performed for virus genotyping. RESULTS Out of the 166 specimens, 84.33% and 16.42% were from oral cavity and oropharynx, respectively; of which, 32 cases (19.3%) were HPV-positive (16.42% of oral cavity and 34.6% of oropharynx). HPV was detected in 36.36%, 25%, and 16.42% of base of tongue, tonsil, and oral tongue tumors, respectively. HPV was more associated with well differentiated tumors (24;18.04%) in compared to moderately and poorly differentiated ones. Regarding HPV-16 genotyping, 7 (21.8%) out of the 32 samples were found to be HPV-16 (4/26 (15.38%) for oropharynx and 3/140 (2.14%) for oral cavity). Moreover, 90 samples were evaluated for EBV infection and co-infection; of which, 4 (4.4%) subjects tested positive for EBV, including two cases with HPV co-infection. All the positive cases were EBV type B, from oral cavity, and histologically well differentiated. CONCLUSIONS HPV was more associated with oropharyngeal cancer. This association has been linked to various factors such as repeated oral and oropharyngeal exposure to HPV due to change in patterns of sexual behaviors; a phenomenon that may demand routine HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoochehr Makvandi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. ,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Shahram Jalilian
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. ,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Faghihloo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sayyad Khanizadeh
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.,Hepatitis Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Ali Ramezani
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. ,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Shahram Bagheri
- Department of Pathology, Shafa Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medicine, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Habibollah Mirzaei
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. ,Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. ,For Correspondence:
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Bagheri S, Khalafi H, Faghihi F, Ezzati A, Keyvani M, Ghods H. Gamma dose rate determination of TRR irradiated fuel assemblies. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.103950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rahimi MM, Bagheri A, Bagheri Y, Fathi E, Bagheri S, Nia AV, Jafari S, Montazersaheb S. Renoprotective effects of prazosin on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1263-1273. [PMID: 33559503 DOI: 10.1177/0960327121993224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is one of the main leading causes of acute kidney injury associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. We studied the effects of prazosin, as a specific blocker of α1-AR, on renal IR injury. METHODS Rats were divided into normal control; untreated IR and prazosin-treated IR (1 mg/kg body weight). Prazosin was administered by intraperitoneal injection 30 min prior to IR induction. The level of urea/creatinine and oxidative factors were detected by colorimetric methods. Apoptosis-associated factors, inflammatory, and signaling proteins were analyzed in renal tissue. The abnormalities of renal histopathology were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Administration of prazosin to IR rats ameliorated serum urea and creatinine and IR-induced histopathological damages. Lipid peroxidation was significantly improved after treatment by prazosin in IR injury rats, however, antioxidant status was not affected. Rats subjected to IR injury activated Bax protein and NF-κB mediated inflammatory response. Moreover, treatment with prazosin inhibited renal NF-κB activation, resulting in a significant decline in pro-inflammatory cytokine of IL-6. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that prazosin could be a good candidate to attenuate renal IR injury due to its ability to modulate renal function, apoptosis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Rahimi
- Kidney Research Center, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - A Bagheri
- Department of Urology, Sina Hospital, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Y Bagheri
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, 201583Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - E Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 56947University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Bagheri
- 475027Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - A V Nia
- 475027Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Jafari
- Kidney Research Center, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - S Montazersaheb
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Bagheri S, Huang Y, Walker PD, Zhou JL, Surawski NC. Strategies for improving the emission performance of hybrid electric vehicles. Sci Total Environ 2021; 771:144901. [PMID: 33524678 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low emission vehicle technologies need widespread adoption in the transport sector to overcome its significant decarbonisation challenges. Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) represent an intermediate technology between pure electric vehicles and internal combustion engines that have proven capability in reducing petroleum consumption. HEV customers often cite improved fuel economy as a major benefit from adopting this technology; however, outstanding questions remain regarding their respective emission levels. Through an extensive literature study, we show that several issues remain with HEV emissions performance which stem from frequent high-power cold starts, engine calibration issues and inefficient operating conditions for catalytic converters. HEVs have more NOx, HC, CO and particle number emissions compared to conventional vehicles by up to 21.0, 5.8, 9.0 and 23.3 times, respectively. Improved engine control algorithms, after-treatment design and thermal design of three-way catalysts emerge as research priorities for improving the emissions performance of HEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bagheri
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P. O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Y Huang
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P. O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - P D Walker
- School of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P. O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - J L Zhou
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P. O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - N C Surawski
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P. O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Bagheri S, Khalafi H. The irradiated fuel-burnup experiment of Tehran Research Reactor using nondestructive gamma-ray spectroscopy. Appl Radiat Isot 2020; 167:109444. [PMID: 33039758 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a nondestructive gamma scanning technique has been applied to determine the irradiated fuel burnup of Tehran Research Reactor (TRR). Thereby, a system was designed and installed at the rim of the TRR pool, which includes a High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector and associated electronics-devices, a proper shield, a collimator, and an elevator to radioactive fuel handling for any longitudinal and transverse fuel movement. In the system, it also was possible to measure fuel burnup for fuels with short cooling times at the minimum distance between the fuel and the detector. Five Standard Fuel Elements (SFEs) have been studied with U3O8Al fuel in burnup range of 14%-60% FIMA and cooling time range of 60 days-550 days. Then, by analyzing the gamma-ray emitted from 137Cs isotope as a fuel burnup indicator, an axial profile of fuel burnup was measured in the active fuel length of 61.5 cm and an active width of 6 cm. Finally, verification of results from reactor physics calculations was conducted based on fuel burnup measurements using a nondestructive gamma scanning technique that represents a well enough agreement between calculations and measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bagheri
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Tehran, P.O. Box:, 14395-836, Iran
| | - H Khalafi
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Tehran, P.O. Box:, 14395-836, Iran.
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Safari H, Bagheri S, Ahmadi Halili B. Cosmetic Outcomes of Scalp in Standard Reverse Question Mark Incision and L.G. Kempe Incision in Large Craniotomies. Iran J Neurosurg 2020. [DOI: 10.32598/irjns.6.4.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim: Craniotomy is a surgery in which a flap of the skull is opened to access the affected area in the brain. Since paying attention to the aesthetic aspects of the patient’s head after surgery is very important for the patient’s mental health and social life, surgeons should try to adopt a method that minimizes damage to the scalp and follicles. Methods and Materials/Patients: In this clinical trial study, patients who were candidates for frontotemporoparietal craniotomy surgery were selected. Twenty-three selected patients were randomly divided into 2 groups consisting of a 12-member intervention group (L.G. Kempe) and an 11-member control group (Standard Reverse Question mark). Patients underwent a pre-operative biopsy of the scalp and a follow-up biopsy 6 months post-operatively. In the evaluation of aesthetic aspects, the created scar was scored using the Stony Brook Scar Evaluation Scale (SBSES). Patients were also directly asked about their satisfaction with the operation and the scar created. Results: In 23 patients, the results showed that patients who underwent LG Kempe incision craniotomy received significantly higher scores in SBSES scoring evaluations (P=0.005). There was no significant difference in subjective evaluations by asking patients about their satisfaction with the scar site and the operation area (P=0.75). In the analysis of post-operative hair follicle density between the 2 groups (P=0.910), general changes in pre-operative and post-operative follicle density in all samples (P= 0.657) as well as comparing the changes between 2 groups, no significant difference was found between follicular density changes between the intervention and control groups (P=0.137). Conclusion: Patients treated with L.G. Kempe incision had significantly higher SBSES scores, which can be considered an aesthetically superior method that could prevent the formation of undesirable scar.
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Bagheri S, Ghafghazi R. Immuno-histochemical Evaluation of -methylacyl -CoA Racemase Expressionin Colorectal Carcinoma. AMBI 2019. [DOI: 10.21276/ambi.2019.06h.2.oa19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bagheri S, Nazarpour S, Nejad SK. Diagnostic Values of CD56 Marker in Differentiating Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma from Benign Follicular Lesions. AMBI 2019. [DOI: 10.21276/ambi.2019.06h.2.oa02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Jehle J, Danisch M, Bagheri S, Avraamidou E, Tiyerili V, Pfeifer P, Bindila L, Lutz B, Zimmer A, Nickenig G. P7142-AG impacts on endothelial cell activation and endothelial cell viability in vitro and impairs endothelial repair in vivo. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The endocannabinoid (eCB) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is a known modulator of inflammation and few studies have addressed its influence on myeloid cells in the context of atherogenesis. However, the impact of 2-AG on endothelial cell function has not been studied before.
Methods
Endothelial repair was studied in two treatment groups of wildtype mice following electrical denudation of the common carotid artery at a length of 3000 μm. One group received the monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL)-inhibitor JZL184 [5 mg/kg i.p.], which impairs 2-AG degradation and thus causes elevated 2-AG levels, the other group received vehicle. The residual endothelial gap at five days in either group was visualized by Evan's blue staining. In vitro, the effect of 2-AG on human coronary artery endothelial cell (HCAEC) viability was assessed by an XTT-based assay. Endothelial activation was studied by an adhesion assay of THP-1 monocytes to 2-AG-preconditioned HCAEC. HCAEC migration, ROS-production, expression of NADPH oxidases, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines were assessed by Boyden chamber, qPCR, and colorimetric assays.
Results
Treatment with JZL184 produced a significant increase in 2-AG levels and impaired reendothelialisation in wildtype mice following electrical injury of the common carotid artery. The residual denudation at 5 days yielded 2291±286 μm in JZL184-treated animals vs. 1505±223 μm in vehicle treated controls (n=18–19; p<0.05). In vitro, JZL184 significantly reduced viability of HCAEC at 24 hours (0.31±0.10 vs. 1.00±0.08; n=3; p<0.01). Finally, 2-AG promoted HCAEC activation resulting in a significant increase in THP-1 monocyte adhesion to HCAEC following pre-treatment of HCAEC with 2-AG (0.17±0.03 THP-1 cells per HCAEC vs. 0.07±0.01 THP-1 cells per HCAEC; n=3; p<0.05). Besides, HCAEC migration, ROS-production, expression of NADPH oxidases and secretion of inflammatory cytokines were unaffected by 2-AG.
Conclusion
Elevated 2-AG levels appear to hamper endothelial repair and to promote HCAEC activation and cell death. Our data suggest that besides its influence on myeloid cells, 2-AG is also adverse to endothelial integrity which might promote early atherosclerotic lesion formation. Thus, decreasing vascular 2-AG levels might represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the prevention of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jehle
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Danisch
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Bagheri
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - E Avraamidou
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - V Tiyerili
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - P Pfeifer
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - L Bindila
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), Mainz, Germany
| | - B Lutz
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), Mainz, Germany
| | - A Zimmer
- University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - G Nickenig
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
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Jehle J, Avraamidou E, Danisch M, Bagheri S, Schoene B, Frank I, Tiyerili V, Pfeifer P, Bindila L, Lutz B, Zimmer A, Nickenig G. P4140Myeloid but not endothelial expression of the CB2 receptor promotes atherogenesis in the context of elevated levels of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is an inflammatory mediator and ligand to the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, which are expressed on myeloid and endothelial cells. 2-AG has recently been described to promote atherogenesis in ApoE-deficient mice. While the CB2 receptor has previously been considered to solely exert anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective effects, newer data have raised the notion, that CB2 might exert atherogenic effects in the context of elevated 2-AG plasma levels. In the present study, we investigated the atherogenic mechanisms of 2-AG and the role of the CB2 receptor on myeloid and endothelial cells in atherogenesis using cell-specific knockout mouse models.
Methods
Two mouse models with atherogenic background and distinct cell-specific knockouts of the CB2 receptor on myeloid (ApoE−/−LysMcreCB2fl/fl) or endothelial cells (ApoE−/−Tie2creCB2fl/fl) were created. Mice were treated with JZL184, which inhibits 2-AG-degrading enzyme monoacylglycerol lipase, and thereby elevates 2-AG plasma levels, or with vehicle (DMSO), while being fed a high-fat diet for four weeks. Plaque volume and plaque composition were analyzed. In vitro, macrophages were treated with 2-AG and mRNA levels of adhesion molecules, scavenger receptors and chemokines, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the release of myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined using qPCR, fluorometric assays and ELISA respectively.
Results
Elevated levels of 2-AG promote atherogenesis in ApoE-deficient mice (JZL184 vs. DMSO: 39.6±2.1% vs. 32.6±2.4%; n=14; p<0.05). The atherogenic effect of 2-AG is abrogated in mice lacking myeloid CB2 receptor expression (35.0±2.0% vs. 34.0±2.5%; n=14–16; p>0.05) but not in mice lacking endothelial CB2 receptor expression (37.1±3.1% vs. 20.9±2.6%; n=10–12; p<0.01). In vitro, 2-AG significantly increases transcription of adhesion molecule ICAM-1 (2.09±0.42 –fold; n=5–6; p<0.05), chemokine receptor CCR-1 (2.04±0.46 -fold; n=10–11; p<0.05) and scavenger receptor CD36 (8.02±1.89-fold; n=3; p<0.05) in 2-AG-treated macrophages. These effects are mitigated by pharmacological inhibition of CB2. Furthermore, 2-AG significantly increases myeloperoxidase (MPO) release in monocytes in a CB receptor-dependent fashion (451±23 pg/ml vs. 151±8.3 pg/ml; n=3–4; p<0.01) and promotes ROS production (2698±24 pdu vs. 1981±27 pdu; n=8; p<0.01).
Conclusion
Elevated 2-AG levels show an atherogenic effect in vivo which is dependent on the presence of the CB2 receptor on myeloid cells. Our in vitro data reveal 2-AG to promote pro-inflammatory signaling in macrophages and elucidate a previously unrecognized link between the endocannabinoid system and MPO in monocytes. In summary, cell-specific effects of the endocannabinoid system will have to be taken into account to facilitate its exploitation as an anti-atherosclerotic drug target.
Acknowledgement/Funding
This work was supported by the Bonfor program of the University of Bonn [grant number O-109.0057 to JJ].
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jehle
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - E Avraamidou
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Danisch
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Bagheri
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - B Schoene
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - I Frank
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - V Tiyerili
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - P Pfeifer
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - L Bindila
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), Mainz, Germany
| | - B Lutz
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), Mainz, Germany
| | - A Zimmer
- University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - G Nickenig
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
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Abstract
Adenosine deaminase is a critical enzyme in purine metabolism that regulates intra and extracellular adenosine concentrations by converting it to inosine. Adenosine is an important purine that regulates numerous physiological functions by interacting with its receptors. Adenosine and consequently adenosine deaminase can have pro or anti-inflammatory effects on tissues depending on how much time has passed from the start of the injury. In addition, an increase in adenosine deaminase activity has been reported for various diseases and the significant effect of deaminase inhibition on the clinical course of different diseases has been reported. However, the use of inhibitors is limited to only a few medical indications. Data on the increase of adenosine deaminase activity in different diseases and the impact of its inhibition in various cases have been collected and are discussed in this review. Overall, the evidence shows that many studies have been done to introduce inhibitors, however, in vivo studies have been much less than in vitro, and often have not been expanded for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bagheri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - A A Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - T Haertlé
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Nantes, France
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Jehle J, Schoene B, Bagheri S, Avraamidou E, Danisch M, Franz A, Pfeifer P, Bindila L, Lutz B, Luetjohann D, Zimmer A, Nickenig G. P37952-arachidonoylglycerol activates pro-inflammatory pathways in murine macrophages and promotes atherogenesis in ApoE-/- mice. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Jehle
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - B Schoene
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Bagheri
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - E Avraamidou
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Danisch
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - A Franz
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - P Pfeifer
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - L Bindila
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), Mainz, Germany
| | - B Lutz
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU), Mainz, Germany
| | | | - A Zimmer
- University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - G Nickenig
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Cardiology, Bonn, Germany
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Bagheri S, Faghihi F, Khalafi H. An efficient method for detecting damaged FAs; burnup and PPF estimations by gamma spectroscopy. Appl Radiat Isot 2018; 140:185-192. [PMID: 30032040 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to provide a quick and efficient experimental method to identify and find damaged fuel assemblies (FAs) among all assemblies of the core. This method is based on gamma spectroscopy by measuring the activity ratio of the desired fission fragments that leaked into the coolant. Using the 134Cs/137Cs activity ratio, and considering the history factor for each FA, we determine the fuel burnup. Furthermore, from the 133I × 135I /133Xe activity ratio, the power peaking factor can be determined. This spectroscopy is carried out for the Tehran Research Reactor to find its failed FA positions. Then, the spectrum at different cooling times has been studied. Specifically, from the 134Cs/137Cs (0.1212 ± 0.003) activity ratio and the fuel history factor (2.1023), the fuel burnup of damaged fuel is anticipated to be 33.9%, and the result of the computational codes is found to be 33.1%; these two results are consistent with each other. The results of both experiment and code analysis show the relatively reasonable estimation of this method in finding the location of damaged FAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bagheri
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, 71548-15936 Shiraz, Iran
| | - F Faghihi
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University, 71548-15936 Shiraz, Iran; Radiation Research Center, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - H Khalafi
- Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Shayesteh M, Shayesteh AA, Motamedfar A, Tahmasebi M, Bagheri S, Gharibvand MM. The clinical value of the apparent diffusion coefficient of liver magnetic resonance images in patients with liver fibrosis compared to healthy subjects. J Family Med Prim Care 2018; 7:1501-1505. [PMID: 30613549 PMCID: PMC6293959 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_299_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fibrotic tissue forms following chronic inflammation in the liver, which may progress over time to cirrhosis. Liver biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis, and there has been a considerable interest in developing noninvasive methods. Objectives: In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the liver in the diagnosis and staging of liver fibrosis. Patients and Methods: This case–control study was conducted on 40 patients with chronic liver disease and 31 healthy controls who were subjected to diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Diagnostic values for different stages of fibrosis were determined using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves based on the sensitivity and specificity. Results: Of 37 patients in the case group, 12 were males (32.4%) and 25 (67.5%) were females, whereas in the control group of 31 patients, 11 were males (35.5%) and 20 (64.5%) were females. In the ROC analysis, area under the curve separating stage one or lower fibrosis from stage two or greater fibrosis groups with a b-value of 600 s/mm2 was 0.893 (98% confidence interval (CI): 0.795–0.955), and that with a b-value of 1000 s/mm2 was 0.946 (98% CI: 0.813–0.946). Conclusion: Our results are in line with the previous studies, which showed that liver ADC values could be considered as a method for the diagnosis and staging of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Shayesteh
- Department of Radiology, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medicine, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Shayesteh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Azim Motamedfar
- Department of Radiology, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medicine, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Morteza Tahmasebi
- Department of Radiology, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medicine, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahram Bagheri
- Department of Pathology, Shafa Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medicine, Ahvaz, Iran
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Jehle J, Schoene B, Bagheri S, Frank I, Pfeifer P, Bindila L, Lutz B, Luetjohann D, Kraemer A, Zimmer A, Nickenig G. P678Elevated levels of 2-arachidonoylglycerol promote atherogenesis and hamper endothelial repair in murine models. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx501.p678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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17
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Abstract
Despite the ubiquity of fluid flows interacting with porous and elastic materials, we lack a validated non-empirical macroscale method for characterizing the flow over and through a poroelastic medium. We propose a computational tool to describe such configurations by deriving and validating a continuum model for the poroelastic bed and its interface with the above free fluid. We show that, using stress continuity condition and slip velocity condition at the interface, the effective model captures the effects of small changes in the microstructure anisotropy correctly and predicts the overall behaviour in a physically consistent and controllable manner. Moreover, we show that the performance of the effective model is accurate by validating with fully microscopic resolved simulations. The proposed computational tool can be used in investigations in a wide range of fields, including mechanical engineering, bio-engineering and geophysics.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. Lācis
- Linné Flow Centre, Department of Mechanics KTH, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G. A. Zampogna
- Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - S. Bagheri
- Linné Flow Centre, Department of Mechanics KTH, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Mirpadiab S, Bagheri S. Identifying intelligent Building Management Systems (BMS) in sustainable housing. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v8i3s.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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19
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Shakibayifar J, Barforushi MM, Sayadian M, Bagheri S, Derakhshandeh M, Ghezelbash S, Zakeri M, Esmkhani R, Monajjemi M. Non-Bonded Interaction Between Phosphorus-Boron Double Wall Nanotubes (DW-P-B-NTs): Structural and Electronic Properties. j comput theor nanosci 2016. [DOI: 10.1166/jctn.2016.4972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Shakibayifar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M. Mehdizadeh Barforushi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Sayadian
- Department of Chemistry, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Bagheri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Derakhshandeh
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Ghezelbash
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Zakeri
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Esmkhani
- Department of Chemistry, Khoy Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khoy, 1477893855, Iran
| | - M Monajjemi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Faghihi F, Mirvakili S, Safaei S, Bagheri S. Neutronics and sub-channel thermal-hydraulics analysis of the Iranian VVER-1000 fuel bundle. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2015.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mahdavi SR, Esmaeeli AD, Pouladian M, Monfared AS, Sardari D, Bagheri S. Breast dosimetry in transverse and longitudinal field MRI-Linac radiotherapy systems. Med Phys 2015; 42:925-36. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4906193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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22
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Termeh Yousefi A, Bagheri S, Shinji K, Rusop Mahmood M, Ikeda S. Highly oriented vertically aligned carbon nanotubes via chemical vapour deposition for key potential application in CNT ropes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1179/1433075x14y.0000000246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Termeh Yousefi
- ChECA IKohza Department of Environmental & Green Technology (EGT), Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), University Technology Malaysia (UTM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S. Bagheri
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT)IPS Building, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - K. Shinji
- Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - M. Rusop Mahmood
- NANO-SciTech CentreInstitute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S. Ikeda
- ChECA IKohza Department of Environmental & Green Technology (EGT), Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), University Technology Malaysia (UTM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Esmaeeli AD, Mahdavi SR, Pouladian M, Monfared AS, Bagheri S. Improvement of dose distribution in breast radiotherapy using a reversible transverse magnetic field Linac-MR unit. Med Phys 2013; 41:011709. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4845175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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24
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Behbehani GR, Soleimani M, Khani A, Barzegar L, Bagheri S. The Effect of Colloidal Silica Nanoparticles on the Activity of α-Amylase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.15228/2012.v02.i04.p08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bagheri S, Davoodi J, Saboury AA, Salmanian AH. A mechanistic insight into caspase-7 inhibition by BIR1-2 domains of XIAP and cIAP1. J IRAN CHEM SOC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-012-0076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Zehtabian M, Faghihi R, Zahmatkesh M, Meigooni A, Mosleh-Shirazi M, Mehdizadeh S, Sina S, Bagheri S. Investigation of the dose rate dependency of the PAGAT gel dosimeter at low dose rates. RADIAT MEAS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Chekin F, Bagheri S, Abd Hamid SB. Electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of cobalt(ii) immobilized onto gel-assisted synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticle–multi wall carbon nanotube–polycaprolactone composite film: application to determination of glucose. Anal Methods 2012; 4:2423. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ay25251a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Chekin F, Raoof JB, Bagheri S, Hamid SBA. The porous chitosan–sodium dodecyl sulfate–carbon nanotube nanocomposite: direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of hemoglobin. Anal Methods 2012; 4:2977. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ay25427a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Bagheri S, Henningson DS. Transition delay using control theory. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2011; 369:1365-1381. [PMID: 21382819 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2010.0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This review gives an account of recent research efforts to use feedback control for the delay of laminar-turbulent transition in wall-bounded shear flows. The emphasis is on reducing the growth of small-amplitude disturbances in the boundary layer using numerical simulations and a linear control approach. Starting with the application of classical control theory to two-dimensional perturbations developing in spatially invariant flows, flow control based on control theory has progressed towards more realistic three-dimensional, spatially inhomogeneous flow configurations with localized sensing/actuation. The development of low-dimensional models of the Navier-Stokes equations has played a key role in this progress. Moreover, shortcomings and future challenges, as well as recent experimental advances in this multi-disciplinary field, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bagheri
- Linné Flow Centre, Department of Mechanics, KTH, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
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Katzberg R, Loh S, Bagheri S, Fung M, Li CS. CMR2009: 6.01: Prospective clinical assessment of delayed reactions resulting from contrast-enhanced CT. Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Milani F, Heidarzadeh A, Danesh M, Bagheri S. P226 Relative frequency of some neonatal complication and related factors in delivered neonates with and without macrosomia at Al-Zahra hospital during 2000-2005. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)61716-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Milani F, Danesh M, Bagheri S. P294 The comparsion of associated factors of the birth weight in 2 groups, in minus 2500 grams and 2500 grams and more in term pregnancy in Iran. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)61784-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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34
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Schneider A, Weiland C, Enck P, Joos S, Streitberger K, Maser-Gluth C, Zipfel S, Bagheri S, Herzog W, Friederich HC. Neuroendocrinological effects of acupuncture treatment in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Complement Ther Med 2007; 15:255-63. [PMID: 18054727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2006.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2006] [Revised: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/20/2006] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Quality of life (QoL) improvement in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) during acupuncture (AC) treatment seems to be due to a placebo effect. The aim was to explore if acupuncture has some specific influence on the neuroendocrinic and autonomic nervous system (ANS). DESIGN/SETTING Patients with IBS were randomly assigned to receive either acupuncture (AC) or sham acupuncture (SAC) using the so-called "Streitberger needle". QoL was measured with the functional quality of life diseases quality of life questionnaire (FDDQL) and SF-36. The effect on ANS was evaluated by measuring salivary cortisol and by cardiovascular responses on a tilt table before and after 10 AC treatments. Complete data sets of tilt table and salivary morning cortisol were available for 9 patients in the AC and 12 in SAC group. RESULTS QoL increased in both groups (p=0.001) with no group differences. Salivary cortisol decreased in all groups (F=10.55; p=0.006). However, the decrease was more pronounced in the AC group (F=4.07; p=0.033) (ANOVA repeated measures model). Heart rate response decreased during orthostatic stress in the AC group while it increased in the SAC group (F=9.234; p=0.005), indicating an increased parasympathetic tone in the AC group. Improvement of pain was positively associated with increased parasympathetic tone in the AC group (F=10.1; p=0.006), but not in the SAC group. CONCLUSIONS The acupuncture specific physiological effects are in contrast to the unspecific improvement of QoL in both AC and SAC groups. Thus, different mechanisms seem to be involved in placebo and real-acupuncture driven improvements. The specific mechanism of action of acupuncture on the ANS remains unclear and deserves further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schneider
- University Medical Hospital Heidelberg, Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, Vossstrasse 2, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite occasional positive reports on the efficacy of acupuncture (AC) on functions of the gastrointestinal tract, there is no conclusive evidence that AC is effective in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty three patients with IBS according to the Rome II criteria were randomly assigned to receive either AC (n = 22) or sham acupuncture (SAC) (n = 21) using the so-called "Streitberger needle". Treatment duration was 10 sessions with an average of two AC sessions per week. The primary end point was improvement in quality of life (QOL) using the functional digestive diseases quality of life questionnaire (FDDQL) and a general quality of life questionnaire (SF-36), compared with baseline assessments. QOL measurements were repeated three months after treatment. RESULTS Both the AC and SAC groups improved significantly in global QOL, as assessed by the FDDQL, at the end of treatment (p = 0.022), with no differences between the groups. SF-36 was insensitive to these changes (except for pain). This effect was partially reversed three months later. Post hoc comparison of responders and non-responders in both groups combined revealed a significant prediction of the placebo response by two subscales of the FDDQL (sleep, coping) (F = 6.746, p = 0.003) in a stepwise regression model. CONCLUSIONS Acupuncture in IBS is primarily a placebo response. Based on the small differences found between the AC and SAC groups, a study including 566 patients would be necessary to prove the efficacy of AC over SAC. The placebo response may be predicted by high coping capacity and low sleep quality in individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schneider
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Medical Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 2, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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36
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Holmgren E, Bagheri S, Bobek S, Dierks E. Tracheostomy and maxillofacial trauma at a level one trauma center. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0901-5027(05)81256-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Padwa BL, Sonis A, Bagheri S, Mulliken JB. Children with repaired bilateral cleft lip/palate: effect of age at premaxillary osteotomy on facial growth. Plast Reconstr Surg 1999; 104:1261-9. [PMID: 10513904 DOI: 10.1097/00006534-199910000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study compared facial growth in three groups of patients with bilateral complete cleft lip/palate: those who had (1) no premaxillary osteotomy, (2) premaxillary osteotomy before age 8 years, and (3) premaxillary osteotomy after age 8 years. Of 24 children with bilateral complete cleft lip/palate, 7 had early premaxillary osteotomy (mean age, 6.1; range, 3.7 to 7.6 years), 10 had late osteotomy (mean age, 11.2; range, 8.3 to 20.7 years), and 7 did not require premaxillary repositioning and served as controls (mean age, 12.4; range, 6.4 to 17.8 years). Presurgical and postsurgical lateral cephalograms were digitized using the Dentofacial Planner software; most current lateral cephalograms comprised the control group. Forty-one bony and 25 soft-tissue landmarks were digitized, and 8 angles were measured: SNA, (sella-nasion-A point), SNPg (sella-nasion-pogonion), ANB (A point-nasion-B point), NAPg (nasion-A point-pogonion), ST convexity (glabella-subnasale-soft-tissue pogonion), Sn-G vertical (line perpendicular to the horizontal plane dropped from glabella and distance measured from subnasale to this vertical), Cm-Sn-Ls (columella-subnasale-abial superioris), and Sn-Gn-C (subnasale-soft-tissue gnathion-chin point). Statistical difference in mean preoperative and postoperative values were measured with analysis of variance. Tests of significance were adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni correction. Mean age at follow-up for early, late, and control groups was 11.8, 14.0, and 12.4 years, respectively. Mean follow-up for early and late groups was 5.7 and 2.8 years. There was a significant preoperative difference among the three groups for mean SNA (p < 0.01), ANB (p < 0.01), and NAPg (p < 0.01). Bonferroni analyses revealed that the early group had significantly greater SNA, ANB, and NAPg angles than the late (p < 0.01) and control groups (p < 0.05). There was a significant postoperative difference among groups for ANB (p < 0.05); Bonferroni analyses also showed that the control group had a significantly greater ANB than the late group (p < 0.05). The t test for equity of means established postoperative change for SNA (p < 0.01), ANB (p< 0.01), NAPg (p < 0.01), and ST convexity (p < 0.01) for the early group was significantly greater than for the late group. Children who required early premaxillary positioning had more significant preoperative deformity; however, this group's postoperative profile was not, on average, significantly different from either the late or control groups. Our findings that the early group had more significant change with premaxillary osteotomy than the late group suggest that premaxillary positioning can be done before completion of facial growth without compromise.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Padwa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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Abstract
In the present study, the effects of pancreastatin on growth are evaluated in two human pancreatic cancer cell lines, in vivo and in vitro, and on athymic nude mouse pancreas. SW-1990 and MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell lines were grown in serum-supplemented and serum-free medium in the presence of pancreastatin (10(-11)-10(-6) M), or cholecystokinin (CCK) (10(-11)-10(-8) M) or combinations thereof. Growth was evaluated by [3H]thymidine incorporation and cell counts. Pancreastatin significantly inhibited DNA synthesis in both cell lines, and cell counts in SW-1990 on days 3 and 5 but not 7. CCK-stimulated cell growth was inhibited in both cell lines and mouse pancreas by pancreastatin. Pancreastatin had no effect in the presence of fetal bovine serum. In the in vivo experiments, pancreastatin (15 micrograms/kg) did not affect growth of SW-1990 xenografts to nude mice, but inhibited CCK-stimulated growth transiently. Pancreastatin (100 micrograms/kg) transiently decreased volumes of MIA PaCa-2 xenografts to nude mice and significantly decreased weight, protein, and DNA of mouse pancreas. Fasting glucose levels of mice treated with pancreastatin 100 micrograms/kg for 35 days were significantly lower than controls. Our results demonstrate that pancreastatin not only inhibits CCK-stimulated pancreatic growth but also has inhibitory effects by itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Smith
- Department of Medicine-Gastroenterology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey 17033
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Abstract
The effect of a synthetic analogue of CCK (Thr4,Nle7CCK-9) on growth of SW-1990 human pancreatic cancer was examined in two experimental models. Nude mice bearing SW-1990 pancreatic cancer xenografts were injected with CCK (5, 15, or 25 micrograms/kg) or vehicle twice daily for 20 days. Animals were then sacrificed and tumor volume, weight, protein, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content were evaluated. SW-1990 cells were grown in vitro and the effects of CCK, secretin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and proglumide (a CCK-receptor antagonist) on cell number and DNA synthesis were determined. The highest dose of CCK, 25 micrograms/kg, significantly increased tumor weight, protein content, and DNA content (P less than 0.005). In vitro, CCK caused significant increases in cell counts of up to 47% at six days and 66% at 12 days compared to control. Graded concentrations of CCK had a biphasic effect on DNA synthesis with significant increases of up to 65% (P less than 0.005). CCK-induced cell proliferation was inhibited by proglumide. Secretin slightly increased cancer cell growth, although not as potently as CCK, VIP or secretin in combination with CCK did not show potentiation. These results indicate that growth of some human pancreatic cancers may be influenced by gastrointestinal peptides, of which CCK is the most potent.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Smith
- Department of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey 17033
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Abstract
The effects of a high-fat diet and the CCK-receptor antagonist, L364,718, were examined on growth of human pancreas cell line SW-1990 xenografted to nude mice. Sixty animals were fed either low-fat (4.3%) or high-fat (20.25%) diet. Fifteen mice in each diet group were treated with L364,718 (2 mg/kg) subcutaneously twice daily for 23 days. On day 24 the animals were sacrificed. Tumor and animal pancreases were dissected and evaluated for weight, protein, and DNA content. When comparing within each diet group, L364,718 significantly decreased tumor volume, weight, protein, and DNA content compared to untreated mice (P less than 0.005). Tumor volume and protein content were significantly larger in untreated animals on the high-fat diet (P less than 0.05) compared to the low-fat diet. Mouse pancreatic weight, protein, and DNA content per kilogram of animal weight were all significantly lower (P less than 0.005) in mice on the low-fat diet treated with L364,718. Pancreatic DNA content was also decreased in both groups of animals on the high-fat diet compared to untreated mice on the low-fat diet. These findings suggest that diets high in unsaturated fat promote the growth of human pancreatic cancer. Since both tumor and pancreas growth are inhibited by the specific CCK-antagonist, L364,718, it is possible that endogenous CCK promotes the growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Smith
- Department of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey 17033
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Bagheri S, Guéguen L. Effect of wheat bran and pectin on the absorption and retention of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and zinc by the growing pig. Reprod Nutr Dev (1980) 1985; 25:705-16. [PMID: 2996094 DOI: 10.1051/rnd:19850510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Two separate balance experiments of P, Ca, Mg and Zn were carried out on 5 lots of 4 growing pigs each (35-40 kg) adapted for 3 weeks to one of the diets studied. In the first experiment, the control diet was compared with a diet containing 20% of coarse wheat bran, thus richer in minerals, the quantities ingested not being equalized. In the second experiment, three diets were compared: a control diet, a diet with 2.5% of high-methoxylated (HM) apple pectin, and a diet with 2.5% low-methoxylated (LM) apple pectin. The supplement of P and Mg provided by the wheat bran was well absorbed (apparent absorption) and retained by the pigs. On the contrary, in spite of higher intake of Ca and Zn with bran diet, the absorption of these minerals was not improved. The action of wheat bran phytase and the possible absorption of P and Mg (but not of Ca and Zn) in the large intestine could explain these results. Compared to HM pectin that had relatively little effect on mineral utilization, LM pectin drastically diminished the absorption and retention of the minerals studied and resulted in negative Ca, Mg and Zn balances. The degree of pectin esterification would thus be the main factor determining the effect of pectin on mineral availability. In conclusion, wheat bran is a source of available P and Mg for the pig but it might have an unfavorable effect on the utilization of Ca and Zn. LM pectin produces a deleterious influence on mineral balances.
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