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Mathur P, Verma R, Rani L, Kamboj S, Kamboj R, Kamboj T, Bhatt S. Emerging Treatment Options of Pluronic in Designing Colloidal Nano and Microcarriers Carriers for Various Therapies. Recent Pat Nanotechnol 2023; 18:NANOTEC-EPUB-135963. [PMID: 38018214 DOI: 10.2174/0118722105255391231018112747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Poloxamers, commonly known as Pluronics, are a special family of synthetic tri-block copolymers with a core structure made of hydrophobic poly (propylene oxide) chains sandwiched by two hydrophilic poly (ethylene oxide) chains. It is possible to modify the mechanical, bioactive, and microstructural characteristics of Pluronics to simulate the behavior of different types of tissues. Additionally, they are auspicious drug carriers with the capacity to increase therapeutic agent availability and to design nano-drug formulations for various ailments. The nanoformulation composed of Pluronics is more susceptible to cancer cells due to their amphiphilic nature and feature of selfassembling into micelles. Today's expanding poloxamer research is creating new hopes that increase the possibility of new remedies for a brand-new nanomedicine age treatment. This article provides a concise overview of the classification, grading, and attributes of drug delivery systems (DDSs) as well as the potential for Pluronics to create micro and nanocarriers. We subsequently discuss its utility in drug delivery for cancer, gene therapy, anti-infective therapy, antioxidants, anti-diabetic drugs, anti-HIV, Alzheimer's disease, and antimicrobial drugs. This review also highlighted several patented formulations that contain various grades of Pluronics in one or more different ways. The recent findings in fundamental research in the field properly demonstrate the strong interest in these novel pharmaceutical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Mathur
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, GD Goenka University, Gurugram-122103, Haryana, India
| | - Ravinder Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani (Haryana), 127021, India
| | - Laxmi Rani
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, GD Goenka University, Gurugram-122103, Haryana, India
| | - Sweta Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Rohit Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Tanu Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- Shrinathji Institute of Pharmacy, Shrinathji Society for Higher Education, Upali Oden, Nathdwara, Rajasmand, Rajasthan, India
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Andersen ZJ, Zhang J, Lim YH, So R, Jørgensen JT, Mortensen LH, Napolitano GM, Cole-Hunter T, Loft S, Bhatt S, Hoek G, Brunekreef B, Westendorp R, Ketzel M, Brandt J, Lange T, Kølsen-Fisher T. Long-Term Exposure to AIR Pollution and COVID-19 Mortality and Morbidity in DENmark: Who Is Most Susceptible? (AIRCODEN). Res Rep Health Eff Inst 2023:1-41. [PMID: 38286761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early ecological studies have suggested a link between air pollution and Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19); however, the evidence from individual-level prospective cohort studies is still sparse. Here, we have examined, in a general population, whether long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with the risk of contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and developing severe COVID-19, resulting in hospitalization or death and who is most susceptible. We also examined whether long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with hospitalization or death due to COVID-19 in those who have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. METHODS We included all Danish residents 30 years or older who resided in Denmark on March 1, 2020. and followed them in the National COVID-19 Surveillance System until first positive test (incidence), COVID-19 hospitalization, or death until April 26, 2021. We estimated mean levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), and ozone (O3) at cohort participants' residence in 2019 by the Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model/Urban Background Model. We used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the associations of air pollutants with COVID-19 incidence, hospitalization, and mortality adjusting for age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES) at the individual and area levels. We examined effect modification by age, sex, SES (education, income, wealth, employment), and comorbidities with cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, acute lower respiratory infections, diabetes, lung cancer, and dementia. We used logistic regression to examine association of air pollutants with COVID-19-related hospitalization or death among SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, adjusting for age, sex, individual- and area-level SES. RESULTS Of 3,721,810 people, 138,742 were infected, 11,270 hospitalized, and 2,557 died from COVID-19 during 14 months of follow-up. We detected strong positive associations with COVID-19 incidence, with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.10 (CI: 1.05-1.14) per 0.5-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and 1.18 (CI: 1.14-1.23) per 3.6-μg/m3 increase in NO2. For COVID-19 hospitalizations and for COVID-19 deaths, corresponding HRs and 95% CIs were 1.09 (CI: 1.01-1.17) and 1.19 (CI: 1.12-1.27), respectively for PM2.5, and 1.23 (CI: 1.04-1.44) and 1.18 (CI: 1.03-1.34), respectively for NO2. We also found strong positive and statistically significant associations with BC and negative associations with O3. Associations were strongest in those aged 65 years old or older, participants with the lowest SES, and patients with chronic cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, lung cancer, and neurodegenerative disease. Among 138,742 individuals who have tested positive for SARS-Cov-2, we detected positive association with COVID-19 hospitalizations (N = 11,270) with odds ratio and 95% CI of 1.04 (CI: 1.01- 1.08) per 0.5-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and 1.06 (CI: 1.01-1.12) per 3.6-μg/m3 increase in NO2, but no association with PM with an aerodynamic diameter <10 μm (PM10), BC, or O3, and no association between any of the pollutants and COVID-19 mortality (N = 2,557). CONCLUSIONS This large nationwide study provides strong new evidence in support of association between long-term exposure to air pollution and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z J Andersen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Zhang
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Y-H Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R So
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J T Jørgensen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L H Mortensen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Statistics Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G M Napolitano
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Cole-Hunter
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Loft
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Bhatt
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - B Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Rgj Westendorp
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - J Brandt
- Climate, Interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - T Lange
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Kølsen-Fisher
- Department of Clinical Research, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark
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Mathur P, Bhatt S, Kumar S, Kamboj S, Kamboj R, Rana A, Kumar H, Verma R. Deciphering the Therapeutic Applications of Nanomedicine in Ovarian Cancer Therapy: An Overview. Curr Drug Deliv 2023; 21:CDD-EPUB-135079. [PMID: 37818568 DOI: 10.2174/0115672018253815230922070558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The majority of deadly cancers that afflict the female reproductive system occur in the ovary. Around 1,40,000 women worldwide die from ovarian cancer each year, making it the sixth most common cancer-associated deceases among females in the United States. Modern, cutting-edge treatments like chemotherapy and surgery frequently produce full remissions, but the recurrence rate is still very high. When this crippling condition is diagnosed, there are frequently few therapeutic choices available because of how quietly it manifests. Healthcare practitioners must have a fundamental grasp of the warning signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer, as well as the imaging techniques and treatment choices available, to give the patient the best care possible. The discipline of medical nanotechnology has gained a lot of momentum in recent years in resolving issues and enhancing the detection and treatment of different illnesses, including cancer. This article gives a brief summary of types, risk factors and approaches to ovarian cancer treatment. We subsequently discussed the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer with the risk factors. This review also emphasizes the various signalling pathways involved in ovarian cancer. Our comprehensive integration of recent findings in fundamental research in the nano arena reveals the strong interest in these nanomedicines in ovarian cancer treatment. However, these nanomedicines still require more research, as indicated by the comparatively small number of clinical trials ongoing. This article will provide a reference for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Mathur
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, Gurugram-122103, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, Gurugram-122103, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, Gurugram-122103, India
| | - Sweta Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India; 3 Advanced Institute of Pharmacy, Delhi Mathura Road, Palwal-121105, India
| | - Rohit Kamboj
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India; 3 Advanced Institute of Pharmacy, Delhi Mathura Road, Palwal-121105, India
| | - Arpana Rana
- Advanced Institute Of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Palwal India
| | - Harish Kumar
- Chaudhary Bansi Lal University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Bhiwani India
| | - Ravinder Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani-127021, India
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Dhir S, Bhatt S, Chauhan M, Garg V, Dutt R, Verma R. An Overview of Metallic Nanoparticles: Classification, Synthesis, Applications, and their Patents. Recent Pat Nanotechnol 2023:NANOTEC-EPUB-134209. [PMID: 37680162 DOI: 10.2174/1872210517666230901114421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanotechnology has gained enormous attention in pharmaceutical research. Nanotechnology is used in the development of nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 1-100nm, with several extraordinary features. Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) are used in various areas, such as molecular biology, biosensors, bio imaging, biomedical devices, diagnosis, pharmaceuticals, etc., for their specific applications. METHODOLOGY For this study, we have performed a systematic search and screening of the literature and identified the articles and patents focusing on various physical, chemical, and biological methods for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles and their pharmaceutical applications. RESULTS A total of 174 references have been included in this present review, of which 23 references for recent patents were included. Then, 29 papers were shortlisted to describe the advantages, disadvantages, and physical and chemical methods for their synthesis, and 28 articles were selected to provide the data for biological methods for the formulation of metal NPs from bacteria, algae, fungi, and plants with their extensive synthetic procedures. Moreover, 27 articles outlined various clinical applications of metal NPs due to their antimicrobial and anticancer activities and their use in drug delivery. CONCLUSION Several reviews are available on the synthesis of metal nanoparticles and their pharmaceutical applications. However, this review provides updated research data along with the various methods employed for their development. It also summarizes their various advantages and clinical applications (anticancer, antimicrobial drug delivery, and many others) for various phytoconstituents. The overview of earlier patents by several scientists in the arena of metallic nanoparticle preparation and formulation is also presented. This review will be helpful in increasing the current knowledge and will also inspire to innovation of nanoparticles for the precise and targeted delivery of phytoconstituents for the treatment of several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Dhir
- B.S. Anangpuria Institute of Pharmacy, Faridabad-121004, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacy, G.D. Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram-122103, Haryana, India
| | - Mahima Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacy, G.D. Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram-122103, Haryana, India
| | - Vandana Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India
| | - Rohit Dutt
- Gandhi Memorial National College, Ambala Cantt-133001, India
| | - Ravinder Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani-127021, India
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Bharti Sharma J, Bhatt S, Tiwari A, Tiwari V, Kumar M, Verma R, Kaushik D, Virmani T, Kumar G, Al kamaly O, Saleh A, Khalid Parvez M, Alhalmi A. Statistical optimization of tetrahydrocurcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using Box Behnken design in the management of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101727. [PMID: 37638219 PMCID: PMC10448172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past, curcumin was the go-to medication for diabetes, but recent studies have shown that tetrahydrocurcumin is more effective. The problem is that it's not very soluble in water or very bioavailable. So, our research aims to increase the bioavailability and anti-diabetic efficacy of tetrahydrocurcumin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by synthesizing tetrahydrocurcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles. Box Behnken Design was employed for the optimization of tetrahydrocurcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (THC-SLNs). The optimal formulation was determined by doing an ANOVA to examine the relationship between the independent variables (drug-to-lipid ratio, surfactant concentration, and co-surfactant concentration) and the dependent variables (particle size, percent entrapment efficiency, and PDI). Particle size, PDI, and entrapment efficiency all showed statistical significance based on F-values and p-values. The optimized batch was prepared using a drug-to-lipid ratio (1:4.16), 1.21% concentration of surfactant, and 0.4775% co-surfactant (observed with a particle size of 147.1 nm, 83.58 ± 0.838 % entrapment efficiency, and 0.265 PDI, and the values were found very close with the predicted ones. As the THC peak vanishes from the DSC thermogram of the improved formulation, this indicates that the drug has been transformed from its crystalline form into its amorphous state. TEM analysis of optimized formulation demonstrated mono-dispersed particles with an average particle size of 145 nm which are closely related to zetasizer's results. In-vitro release study of optimized formulation demonstrated burst release followed by sustained release up to 71.04% throughout 24 hrs. Increased bioavailability of the adjusted THC-SLN was found in an in vivo pharmacokinetics research with 9.47 folds higher AUC(0-t) compared to plain THC-suspension. Additionally, pharmacodynamic experiments of optimized formulation demonstrated a marked decrease in blood glucose level to 63.7% and increased body weight from 195.8 ± 7.223 to 231.2 ± 7.653 on the 28th day of the study and showed a better anti-diabetic effect than plain drug suspension. Results of stability studies revealed that formulation can be stored for longer periods at room temperature. Tetrahydrocurcumin can be effectively administered by SLN for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Bharti Sharma
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be) University, Mullana, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- Shrinathji Institute of Pharmacy, Shrinathji Society for Higher Education Upali Oden, Nathdwara, Rajasmand, Rajasthan, India
| | - Abhishek Tiwari
- Pharmacy Academy, IFTM University, Lodhipur-Rajput, Moradabad 244102, U.P., India
| | - Varsha Tiwari
- Pharmacy Academy, IFTM University, Lodhipur-Rajput, Moradabad 244102, U.P., India
| | - Manish Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CT University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ravinder Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal, University, Bhiwani 127021, India
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Tarun Virmani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal, Haryana 121105, India
| | - Girish Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal, Haryana 121105, India
| | - Omkulthom Al kamaly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Khalid Parvez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulsalam Alhalmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
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Verma R, Kumar K, Bhatt S, Yadav M, Kumar M, Tagde P, Rajinikanth PS, Tiwari A, Tiwari V, Nagpal D, Mittal V, Kaushik D. Untangling breast cancer: Trailing towards nanoformulations-based drug development. Recent Pat Nanotechnol 2023:NANOTEC-EPUB-133241. [PMID: 37519201 DOI: 10.2174/1872210517666230731091046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
All over the world, cancer death and prevalence are increasing. Breast cancer (BC) is the major cause of cancer mortality (15%) which makes it the most common cancer in women. BC is defined as the furious progression and quick division of breast cells. Novel nanotechnology-based approaches helped in improving survival rate, metastatic BC is still facing obstacles to treat with an expected overall 23% survival rate. This paper represents epidemiology, classification (non-invasive, invasive and metastatic), risk factors (genetic and non-genetic) and treatment challenges of breast cancer in brief. This review paper focus on the importance of nanotechnology-based nanoformulations for treatment of BC. This review aims to deliver elementary insight and understanding of the novel nanoformulations in BC treatment and to explain to the readers for enduring designing novel nanomedicine. Later, we elaborate on several types of nanoformulations used in tumor therapeutics such as liposomes, dendrimers, polymeric nanomaterials and many others. Potential research opportunities for clinical application and current challenges related to nanoformulations utility for the treatment of BC are also highlighted in this review. The role of artificial intelligence is elaborated in detail. We also confer the existing challenges and perspectives of nanoformulations in effective tumor management, with emphasis on the various patented nanoformulations approved or progression of clinical trials retrieved from various search engines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani (Haryana), India
| | - Kuldeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacy, G.D. Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram-122103
| | - Manish Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, G.D. Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram-122103
| | - Manish Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CT University, Ludhiana- 142024 Punjab
| | - Priti Tagde
- Bhabha Pharmacy Research Institute, Bhabha University Bhopal, 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India
- PRISAL Foundation, Pharmaceutical Royal International Society
| | - P S Rajinikanth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Amebdkar University Lucknow, India
| | - Abhishek Tiwari
- Pharmacy Academy, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Moradabad, U.P. 244102, India
| | - Varsha Tiwari
- Pharmacy Academy, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Moradabad, U.P. 244102, India
| | - Diksha Nagpal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak (Haryana), India-124001
| | - Vineet Mittal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak (Haryana), India-124001
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak (Haryana), India-124001
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Pati D, Roy A, Porwal M, Beemkumar N, Patel M G, Bhatt S. INNOVATIONS IN ARTIFICIAL ORGANS AND TISSUE ENGINEERING: FROM 3D PRINTING TO STEM CELL THERAPY. Georgian Med News 2023:101-106. [PMID: 37805882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
"Every year, many individuals with tissue or organ problems require urgent care due to medical emergencies, burns, congenital anomalies, and other causes". Regenerative medicine was created because there aren't enough donors, issues with graft rejection, and insufficient organs or tissues for patients to replace, repair, and regenerate. However, significant tissue defects are difficult to fill with injections alone, making stem cell therapy a crucial component of the area of regenerative medicine. To achieve the intended outcome, the researchers combine stem cells with three-dimensional (3D) printed organs tissue engineering scaffolding. These scaffolds can resemble bone, cartilage, or "extracellular matrix (ECM)" in that they provide structural support and promote adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, finally resulting in the production of functional tissues or organs. In this study on stem cell regenerative medicine, the therapeutic focused mostly on scaffolding for 3D printed organ tissue engineering. The following applications are demonstrated and compared using various 3D printing processes and starting materials. Then, we go over the benefits of 3D printing over conventional methods, touch on certain issues and restrictions, and make some assumptions about potential applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pati
- 1Department of Ayurveda, Sanskriti University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Roy
- 2Department of Allied Healthcare & Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - M Porwal
- 3College of Pharmacy, TeerthankerMahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N Beemkumar
- 4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Bangalore, India
| | - G Patel M
- 5Department of Community Medicine, Parul University, PO Limda, Tal. Waghodia, District Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Bhatt
- 6Department of Nursing, IIMT University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Dhir S, Verma R, Bhatt S, Garg V, Dutt R. Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Biomedical Applications of Copper and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles of Plant Origin. CDTH 2023. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885518666230328150208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract:
The green synthesis approach using plants for the formation of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles is biologically safe and environment-friendly as compared to various physical and chemical methods. Various phytoconstituents present in the plants such as phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and proteins act as a potential bioresource for the formation of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles. The most common metals/metal oxides used are silver (Ag), copper (Cu), zinc, iron and gold. Amongst the above, copper is a comparably cheap metal as compared to gold and silver. Copper oxide nanoparticles have diverse applications in various fields of therapeutics. This review provides insights regarding the bio-mediated synthesis of copper/copper oxide nanoparticles, factors affecting the synthesis, their characterization, and the biomedical applications mainly the antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activity. Still, more research is needed focusing on different ways to minimize toxicity and improve biological efficacy. Although many trials and research have already been conducted and it seems that the potential for developing copper and copper oxide nanoparticles as a future drug is very bright.
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Rai S, Nandy K, Bhatt S, Patel D, Mithi M, Rathod P. Surgical outcomes of T4b oral cancers: assessment of prognostic factors and a need to re-evaluate the current staging system. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 52:143-151. [PMID: 35610163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
T4b oral cancer is a broad umbrella term for all advanced oral cancers, the prognosis of which varies drastically for disease of the same stage, according to the extent of the masticator space involvement. This was a retrospective observational study including all consecutive T4b oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated surgically between January 2015 and January 2016 and followed up until January 2020. The disease was classified as upper disease or lower disease based on the anatomical location in relation to an imaginary plane passing through the base of the retromolar trigone. The prime objective was to evaluate overall survival and prognostic factors affecting overall survival. The projected 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 40.7% and 35.6%, respectively. The assessment of prognostic factors revealed that lower disease (lower anatomical subsites), bone invasion, and lymph nodal spread significantly affected survival. Patients with disease in an upper anatomical location without bone and nodal involvement can achieve fairly good survival (projected 5-year overall survival of 64.2%) when compared to the other subsets of patients. We propose a re-evaluation of the current staging system based on the prognostic features, so that all patients are not considered under a single stage, since their survival differs significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - K Nandy
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - S Bhatt
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - D Patel
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - M Mithi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - P Rathod
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Yadav KK, Chouhan N, Thubstan R, Norlha S, Hariharan J, Borwankar C, Chandra P, Dhar VK, Mankuzhyil N, Godambe S, Sharma M, Venugopal K, Singh KK, Bhatt N, Bhattacharyya S, Chanchalani K, Das MP, Ghosal B, Godiyal S, Khurana M, Kotwal SV, Koul MK, Kumar N, Kushwaha CP, Nand K, Pathania A, Sahayanathan S, Sarkar D, Tolamati A, Koul R, Rannot RC, Tickoo AK, Chitnis VR, Behere A, Padmini S, Manna A, Joy S, Nair PM, Jha KP, Moitra S, Neema S, Srivastava S, Punna M, Mohanan S, Sikder SS, Jain A, Banerjee S, . K, Deshpande J, Sanadhya V, Andrew G, Patil MB, Goyal VK, Gupta N, Balakrishna H, Agrawal A, Srivastava SP, Karn KN, Hadgali PI, Bhatt S, Mishra VK, Biswas PK, Gupta RK, Kumar A, Thul SG, Kalmady R, Sonvane DD, Kumar V, Gaur UK, Chattopadhyay J, Gupta SK, Kiran AR, Parulekar Y, Agrawal MK, Parmar RM, Reddy GR, Mayya YS, Pithawa CK. Commissioning of the MACE gamma-ray telescope at Hanle, Ladakh, India. CURR SCI INDIA 2022. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i12/1428-1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Tewari AK, Upadhyay SC, Kumar M, Pathak K, Kaushik D, Verma R, Bhatt S, Massoud EES, Rahman MH, Cavalu S. Insights on Development Aspects of Polymeric Nanocarriers: The Translation from Bench to Clinic. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173545. [PMID: 36080620 PMCID: PMC9459741 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Scientists are focusing immense attention on polymeric nanocarriers as a prominent delivery vehicle for several biomedical applications including diagnosis of diseases, delivery of therapeutic agents, peptides, proteins, genes, siRNA, and vaccines due to their exciting physicochemical characteristics which circumvent degradation of unstable drugs, reduce toxic side effects through controlled release, and improve bioavailability. Polymers-based nanocarriers offer numerous benefits for in vivo drug delivery such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-immunogenicity, active drug targeting via surface modification, and controlled release due to their pH—and thermosensitive characteristics. Despite their potential for medicinal use, regulatory approval has been achieved for just a few. In this review, we discuss the historical development of polymers starting from their initial design to their evolution as nanocarriers for therapeutic delivery of drugs, peptides, and genes. The review article also expresses the applications of polymeric nanocarriers in the pharmaceutical and medical industry with a special emphasis on oral, ocular, parenteral, and topical application of drugs, peptides, and genes over the last two decades. The review further examines the practical, regulatory, and clinical considerations of the polymeric nanocarriers, their safety issues, and directinos for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Kumar Tewari
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Satish Chandra Upadhyay
- Formulation Research and Development, Mankind Research Centre, Manesar, Gurugram 122050, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (D.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Kamla Pathak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah 206130, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (D.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Ravinder Verma
- Department of Pharmacy, G.D. Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacy, G.D. Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Ehab El Sayed Massoud
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Arts in Dahran Aljnoub, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Agriculture Research Centre, Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, Giza 3725004, Egypt
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (D.K.); (S.C.)
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Rani A, Verma R, Mittal V, Bhatt S, Kumar M, Tiwari A, Tiwari V, Pandey P, Kaushik D. Formulation Development and Optimization of Rosuvastatin Loaded Nanosuspension for Enhancing Dissolution Rate. CDTH 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885517666220822104652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Nanotechnology has been considered an auspicious approach over the last twenty years and numerous researchers are making efforts to extend its applications in pharmaceuticals. Recently, various nano-based drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, nanoemulgel, nanosuspension, and nanoemulsion, have been developed to deliver varieties of hydrophobics to target sites. Rosuvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase enzyme. The application of rosuvastatin is compromised because of its poor aqueous solubility and low oral bioavailability.
Objective:
This research work aimed to develop and characterize nanosuspension formulation for enhancing the dissolution rate of rosuvastatin that aids in enhancing oral bioavailability.
Methods:
Nanosuspension of rosuvastatin was prepared by using PVP K-30 and tween 80 as a stabiliser via the high-pressure homogenization method. The nanosuspension formulation was optimised by a factorial design to determine the effect of PVP K-30 (A), the concentration of tween 80 (B) and the number of the cycle (C) of high-pressure homogenizer on particle size (Y1), polydispersity index (Y2) and zeta potential (Y3) of the developed formulation. The optimised nanosuspension formulation of rosuvastatin was assessed for particle size, zeta potential, PDI, pH, % encapsulation efficiency of the drug, solubility study and comparative in vitro dissolution study. The optimised formulation passed the stability studies in terms of physical stability (sedimentation) for three months.
Results:
The optimised formulation resulted in 92.79 nm of particle size with a 0.201 polydispersity index. The nanosuspension of rosuvastatin showed higher dissolution release as compared to the pure drug.
Conclusion:
This investigation demonstrated that nanosuspension preparation could be a promising approach to enhancing the dissolution of BCS II class drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Rani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India
| | - Ravinder Verma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences (SoMAS), G.D. Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram-122103, India
| | - Vineet Mittal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences (SoMAS), G.D. Goenka University, Sohna Road, Gurugram-122103, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Abhishek Tiwari
- Pharmacy Academy, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Moradabad, U.P. 244102, India
| | - Varsha Tiwari
- Pharmacy Academy, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Moradabad, U.P. 244102, India
| | - Parijat Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurugram University, Gurugram – 122018, India
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India – 124001
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Arora D, Bhatt S, Kumar M, Verma R, Taneja Y, Kaushal N, Tiwari A, Tiwari V, Alexiou A, Albogami S, Alotaibi SS, Mittal V, Singla RK, Kaushik D, Batiha GES. QbD-based rivastigmine tartrate-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for enhanced intranasal delivery to the brain for Alzheimer's therapeutics. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:960246. [PMID: 36034142 PMCID: PMC9407039 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.960246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects a wide range of populations and is the primary cause of death in various countries. The treatment of AD is still restricted to oral conventional medicines that act only superficially. Fabrication of intranasal solid lipid nanoparticulate system for the uptake of therapeutic agents will act as a convincing approach with limited off-site toxicity and increased pharmacological activity. The objective of this study was to formulate, optimize, and evaluate the efficiency of rivastigmine tartrate (RT)-loaded intranasal solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) employing the solvent-evaporation diffusion method. To optimize the formulation parameters, the central composite design (CCD) was used. Lipid concentration (X1) and surfactant concentration (X2) were considered to be independent variables, while particle size (Y1), percentage entrapment efficiency (Y2), and percentage drug release (Y3) were considered as responses. The solid lipid was glyceryl monostearate, while the surfactant was polysorbate 80. The optimized formulation has a particle size of 110.2 nm, % entrapment efficiency of 82.56%, and % drug release of 94.86%. The incompatibility of drug excipients was established by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Nasal histopathology tests on sheep mucosa revealed that the developed SLNs were safe to utilize for intranasal delivery with no toxicity. Ex vivo permeation investigations revealed that the flux and diffusion coefficients for RT solid lipid nanoparticles and RT solution were 3.378 g/cm2 /h and 0.310-3 cm2 /h, respectively. Stability studies demonstrated that the developed SLNs were stable when stored under various storage conditions. The viability and vitality of adopting a lipid particle delivery system for improved bioavailability via the intranasal route were also established in the in vivo pharmacokinetic investigations. According to the histopathological and pharmacokinetic investigations, the developed formulations were safe, non-lethal, efficient, and robust. These results suggest the potentiality provided by rivastigmine tartrate-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for nasal delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepshi Arora
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, Haryana, India
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacy, G.D. Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Ravinder Verma
- Department of Pharmacy, G.D. Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Yugam Taneja
- Zeon Lifesciences Pvt. Ltd., Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Nikita Kaushal
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, Haryana, India
| | | | - Varsha Tiwari
- Pharmacy Academy, IFTM University, Moradabad, UP, India
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
- AFNP Med Austria, Wien, Austria
| | | | | | - Vineet Mittal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Rajeev K. Singla
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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Gurung RB, Sapkota P, Bhatt S, Tamang A, Joshi S, Khadka S, Jaisy DN, Chalise S, Shrestha P. Rickettsial Infection amongst Febrile Illness Patient in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2022; 20:366-371. [PMID: 37042381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Rickettsial infection is an emerging neglected tropical disease in the Southeast Asia. In past few years Nepal is also reporting escalating prevalence of rickettsia. The under evaluation is resulting it as undiagnosed or are simply labeled as pyrexia of unknown origin. Objective To find out the prevalence of rickettsia in a hospital setting, assess the sociodemographic and other relevant clinical features of the rickettsia patients. Method This is a hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study from October 2020 to October 2021. This study reviewed the medical records of the department. Result The study included 105 eligible patients and the prevalence rate was 4.38 per 100 patients. The mean age of the participants was 42 years, and the mean hospital stay was 3 (SD ±2.06) days. More than 55% of the participants had fever for less than or equal to 5 days and 9% had Eschar present. Vomiting, headache, and myalgia were the most common symptoms and hypertension, and diabetes were the common comorbidities. Pneumonia and the acute kidney injury were the two complications of the patients as stated in the study. The severity of the thrombocytopenia deducted from admission time to discharge, and the case fatality was 4%. Conclusion The future studies shall consider on collaborative clinical and entomological research. This would help in better understanding of the etiology of supposedly unknown febrile illness and the under-investigated field of emerging rickettsia in Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Gurung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - P Sapkota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Bhatt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - A Tamang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Joshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Khadka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - D N Jaisy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Chalise
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - P Shrestha
- Department of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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Dahal S, Karmacharya RM, Vaidya S, Gautam K, Bhatt S, Bhandari N. A rare case of persistent lateral marginal vein of Servelle in Klippel Trenaunay Syndrome: A successful surgical management. Int J Surg Case Rep 2022; 94:107052. [PMID: 35405516 PMCID: PMC9006318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.107052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital vascular disorder characterized by capillary malformation, varicosities, and tissue overgrowth. It usually affects the unilateral lower extremities manifesting commonly as pain, localized rise of temperature, and venous tortuosity. However, in severe cases, ulceration, cellulitis, and chronic lymphatic malformation may be present. Management is mostly supportive and involves the use of compression stockings. Case presentation Here, we report a case of KTS with a persistent lateral marginal vein of Servelle managed with radiofrequency ablation along with sclerotherapy of selected perforators. On a two-year follow-up, the symptoms had resolved and Doppler ultrasonography revealed resolution of the defective vein along with the absence of incompetent perforators. Clinical discussion In cases with venous malformation with the persistence of embryonic avalvular venous structures, like the lateral marginal vein of Servelle, surgical intervention is warranted especially at a younger age to reduce the risk of future thromboembolic events and recurrence. Conclusion Varicosities of the lateral marginal vein of Servelle can be managed successfully by radiofrequency ablation and adjunct sclerotherapy in selected cases. Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome (KTS) is a congenital vascular disorder which usually affects the unilateral lower extremities. Endovenous treatment of the greater saphenous vein is gradually becoming popular in the treatment of KTS. This case is managed by radiofrequency ablation of lateral marginal vein of Servelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dahal
- Department of Surgery (CTVS), Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Nepal.
| | - R M Karmacharya
- Department of Surgery (CTVS), Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Nepal
| | - S Vaidya
- Department of Surgery (CTVS), Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Nepal
| | - K Gautam
- Department of Surgery (CTVS), Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Nepal
| | - S Bhatt
- Department of Surgery (CTVS), Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Nepal
| | - N Bhandari
- Department of Surgery (CTVS), Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Nepal
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16
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Sapkota P, Vaidhya N, Bhatt S, Shrestha P. Nitrobenzene Induced Methemoglobinemia with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Treated with Single Volume Exchange Transfusions. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2022; 20:246-248. [PMID: 37017176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Methemoglobinemia is a potentially fatal condition if left untreated. Conventional treatment of nitrobenzene induced methemoglobinemia dictates the use of methylene blue, which is the antidote of choice. However, its availability in our setting is limited only to the laboratory use. We present a case of a 21-year-old female with intentional ingestion of nitrobenzene. Clinical history and supportive investigations revealed methemoglobinemia and it was successfully managed with single volume exchange transfusions in absence of specific antidote. While exchange transfusions are indicated for severe cases, it may be useful as an alternative treatment in acute life-threatening conditions where methylene blue is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sapkota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - N Vaidhya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - S Bhatt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - P Shrestha
- Department of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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Kumar M, Tiwari A, Asdaq SMB, Nair AB, Bhatt S, Shinu P, Al Mouslem AK, Jacob S, Alamri AS, Alsanie WF, Alhomrani M, Tiwari V, Devi S, Pathania A, Sreeharsha N. Itraconazole loaded nano-structured lipid carrier for topical ocular delivery: Optimization and evaluation. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1-10. [PMID: 35002390 PMCID: PMC8717166 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Objectives Low penetration efficiency and retention time are the main therapeutic concerns that make it difficult for most of the drugs to be delivered to the intraocular tissues. These challenging issues are often related to those drugs, which have low or poor solubility and low permeability. The goal of this study was designed to develop nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with itraconazole (ITZ) with the objective of enhancing topical ocular permeation and thereby improving clinical efficacy. Materials and Methods ITZ-loaded NLCs were fabricated by a high-speed homogenization technique using surfactant (Poloxamer 407), and lipids (stearic acid and oleic acid). Optimization of formulations was performed by 3 level factorial design and the selected formulation (F6) was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy. Antifungal activity was assessed by measuring the zone of inhibition and irritation potential using the HET-CAM test. Results The independent variables (lipid ratio-X1 and percentage of emulsifier-X2) have a positive impact on percentage entrapment efficiency (Y2) and percentage release (Y3) but have a negative impact on particle size (Y1). Based on the better entrapment efficiency (94.65%), optimum particle size (150.67 nm), and percentage cumulative drug release (68.67%), batch F6 was selected for further evaluation. Electron microscopic images revealed that the prepared particles are spherical and have nano size. Antifungal studies demonstrated enhancement in the zone of inhibition by formulation F6 as compared to a commercial eye drop. The non-irritancy of optimized formulation (F6) was confirmed with a zero score. Interpretation & Conclusion In summary, the optimized NLCs seem to be a potent carrier for the effective delivery of itraconazole in ocular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Abhishek Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacy, Devsthali Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Lalpur, Rudrapur (Udham Singh Nagar), Uttrakhand 263148 India
| | | | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana 122103, India
| | - Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz K. Al Mouslem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shery Jacob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulhakeem S. Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabi
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa F. Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabi
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alhomrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabi
- Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Varsha Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacy, Devsthali Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Lalpur, Rudrapur (Udham Singh Nagar), Uttrakhand 263148 India
| | - Sheetal Devi
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Ajay Pathania
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore, 560035, India
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18
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Mehan N, Kumar M, Bhatt S, Saini V. A Current Review on Drug Loaded Nanofibers: Interesting and Valuable Platform for Skin Cancer Treatment. Pharm Nanotechnol 2021; 8:191-206. [PMID: 31965948 DOI: 10.2174/2211738508666200121103110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanofibers are used in topical medication for various skin diseases like wound healing, skin cancer and others. Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are the most widely distributed diseases in the world, of which 99% of people are affected by either basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) or squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the skin. Skin malignancy is caused by direct sun exposure and regular application of unsafe restorative items on the skin. OBJECTIVE This review presents the use of nanofibers in skin cancer treatment and advances made in skin cancer treatment. METHODS There are various methods used in the production of nanofibers such as bicomponent extrusion, phase separation, template synthesis, drawing, electrospinning, and others. Electrospinning is the most widely used technique for nanofiber fabrication. The nanofibers are produced in nanometer size range and mostly used in medication because of their low thickness, large surface area per unit mass and porosity. Nanofibers are also used as drug delivery system for sustaining the action of drugs or medicaments. RESULTS Nanofibers enhance the permeation and availability of those drugs having low bioavailability and low permeability. Nanofibers increase the sustainability of the drugs up to 10 days. CONCLUSION Skin cancer is the abnormal growth of skin cells in the body influencing people of all colours and skin. In this review paper, the definition and production techniques of nanofibers and drugs used in skin cancer treatment and the relation between skin cancer and nanofiber are illustrated in detail. With the help of different techniques and drugs, the risk of non-melanoma skin cancer is reduced. Lay Summary: The risk of skin cancer and other skin problems is increasing day by day. In a previous study we found that the nanofibers are less used as a topical delivery system. We have studied the nanofibers as a drug delivery system in the treatment of skin cancer by using different drugs. According our study nanofibers are most useful in skin drug delivery and if the nanofiber, are merging with other drug delivery system like nanoparticles, it may maximize the output of drug into skin. The significance of this study is, to explain all information about nanofibers in skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Mehan
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Vipin Saini
- M.M. University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Sharma JB, Bhatt S, Saini V, Kumar M. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Curcumin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles in the Management of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: Application of Central Composite Design. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2021; 19:262-279. [PMID: 34000202 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2021.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to poor bioavailability and chemical instability, the effectiveness of curcumin is negligible in the treatment of numerous diseases. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) increase the bioavailability of lipophilic compounds and protect the drug from gastrointestinal degradation. The objective of our study is the utilization of SLNs to improve the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of curcumin in the management of diabetes mellitus. Central composite design was used to prepare curcumin-loaded SLNs (Cur-SLN). The analysis of independent variables like drug concentration, lipid concentration, and surfactant concentration was carried out using analysis of variance (ANOVA) to obtain the optimized batch (optimized Cur-SLN) having the desired values of dependent variables particle size and entrapment efficiency. In vitro release, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) studies of optimized Cur-SLN were carried out and then its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies were performed. The model was found to be significant for particle size and entrapment efficiency based on F-value and p-value. The optimized batch's predicted values were in close agreement with the actual values of particle size and entrapment efficiency. TEM results confirm mono-dispersion and spherical shape of particles in the formulation. The DSC results confirmed the changing of drug from crystalline to amorphous form. Burst release followed by the sustained release was obtained in the in vitro release studies. The pharmacokinetic study shows enhanced bioavailability of optimized Cur-SLN compared with a plain drug suspension. The optimized Cur-SLN achieved higher antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus rats than the plain drug suspension. SLNs can be used as a promising technique for delivering curcumin in the management of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Bharti Sharma
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be) University, Mullana, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be) University, Mullana, Haryana, India
| | - Vipin Saini
- Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be) University, Mullana, Haryana, India
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Salunke AA, Nandy K, Puj K, Kamani M, Pathak S, Shah J, Bhalerao RH, Jain A, Sharma M, Warikoo V, Patel K, Rathod P, Bhatt S, Tank T, Pandya S. A proposed "Radiological Evaluation Score for Bone Tumors" (REST): An objective system for assessment of a radiograph in patients with suspected bone tumor. Musculoskelet Surg 2021; 106:371-382. [PMID: 33982208 DOI: 10.1007/s12306-021-00711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although radiographs have been widely used in the evaluation of patients with suspected bone tumors, the lack of an objective radiological assessment method leads to a challenge in reaching correct diagnosis. The study aimed to propose a Radiological Evaluation Score for Bone Tumors (REST) which includes eight radiological factors [characteristics, content, cortical breach, distinctiveness, distribution, periosteal reaction, fracture, and soft tissue swelling] to form a single score along with its validation by multidisciplinary observers. METHODS We reviewed the radiographs of 100 patients with a primary bone tumor which were selected at random from the database between January 2017 and January 2019 of a tertiary cancer center. Four reviewers (two orthopedic oncologists and two surgical oncologists) independently assessed the radiographs, based on the reporting system of REST. We constituted two groups according to the probable diagnosis of bone tumor (suspected benign tumor and suspected malignant tumor). RESULTS The mean score in the suspected benign tumor group was 1.1 (range 0-3, 95% CI 0.8-1.3) and in malignant tumor group was 6.1 (range 2-8, 95% CI 5.8-6.4). A receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve for REST was with a cutoff of 3.5, with the most diagnostic value area under curve (AUC) of 0.99. The sensitivity was 98% and specificity was 100% with a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 98%. The inter-observer correlation coefficient was 0.985 (p value < 0.05), and Fleiss kappa value for the prediction of the benign or malignant lesion was 0.97 (p value < 0.05). The characteristics and content of tumor, cortical erosion, distinctiveness, distribution, periosteal reaction, and soft tissue mass had a significant correlation with the aggressiveness of bone lesion p value < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS The Radiological Evaluation Score for Bone Tumors (REST) is a structured reporting and objective method for the assessment of radiographs in patients with suspected bone tumors. This method is a reliable and helpful tool for clinicians in their outdoor patient department to differentiate a radiograph of a suspected benign tumor from a malignant bone tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Salunke
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - K Nandy
- Department of Anesthesia, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - K Puj
- Department of Anesthesia, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - M Kamani
- Department of Anesthesia, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - S Pathak
- Department of Orthopedics, MM Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Ambala, India
| | - J Shah
- Osteo Care - Ortho Onco Clinic, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - R H Bhalerao
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Institute of Infrastructure, Technology, Research And Management, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - A Jain
- Department of Anesthesia, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - M Sharma
- Department of Anesthesia, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - V Warikoo
- Department of Anesthesia, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - K Patel
- Department of Anesthesia, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - P Rathod
- Department of Anesthesia, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - S Bhatt
- Department of Anesthesia, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - T Tank
- Department of Anesthesia, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - S Pandya
- Department of Anesthesia, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Bhatt S, Sharma JB, Kamboj R, Kumar M, Saini V, Mandge S. Design and Optimization of Febuxostat-loaded Nano Lipid Carriers Using Full Factorial Design. Turk J Pharm Sci 2021; 18:61-67. [PMID: 33633486 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2019.32656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This work aims to develop nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) to improve the oral bioavailability of febuxostat (FEB). Materials and Methods High shear homogenization, a well-known technique, followed by bath sonication with slight modifications was used to prepare FEB-loaded NLCs using oleic acid as liquid lipid and stearic acid as solid lipid. A total of 3² full factorial design was utilized to examine the effect of 2 independent variables, namely, X1 (liquid to solid lipid ratio) and X2 (surfactant concentration) on the Y1 (particle size) and Y2 (% entrapment efficiency) of the drug. The prepared NLCs were evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and (%) entrapment efficiency. Results The drug's highest solubility was found in the stearic (solid lipid) and oleic acid (liquid lipid), which were further chosen for NLC preparation. Result of the present study showed an increase in entrapment efficiency and a decrease in particle size with the increase in liquid lipid to solid lipid ratio. With increased surfactant concentration, a small particle size is observed. The optimized formulation's particle size and (%) entrapment efficiency was found to be 99 nm and 80%, respectively. The formulations' zeta potential and polydispersity index were found within the range. Compared to plain drug suspension, the optimized formulation showed higher drug release, which may be due to the presence of the higher amount of liquid lipid. The particles shown in the transmission electron microscopy were round in shape and have smooth surface. Stability studies showed that the NLC formulation can be stored for a longer time period under room condition. Conclusion FEB-loaded NLC were successfully prepared using full 3² factorial design, and can be further used for oral delivery of FEB for gout treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Bhatt
- Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Haryana, India
| | - Jai Bharti Sharma
- Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Haryana, India
| | - Ruchi Kamboj
- Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Haryana, India
| | - Vipin Saini
- Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Department of Pharmaceutics, Solan, India
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Salunke AA, Nandy K, Kamani M, Puj K, Pathak S, Patel K, Bhalerao RH, Jain A, Sharma M, Warikoo V, Bhatt S, Rathod P, Pandya S. A proposed ''A to Z RAM (Radiograph Assessment Method)'' for triage of patients with a suspected bone tumour. Radiography (Lond) 2021; 27:823-830. [PMID: 33487526 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We propose a ''A to Z RAM (Radiograph Assessment Method)'' for evaluation of Radiograph of patients with a suspected bone tumour. METHODS In the current study, ten radiological features with letters 'A, B, C, D, E, F and Z' were used and which included the age of the patient, involved part of the bone, characteristics, content, distinctiveness, the exterior of the bone, fracture, and zone of transition. Four independent observers (orthopaedic oncologists and surgical oncologists) evaluated a set of 30 radiographs of bone tumour selected at random from our hospital database based on A to Z RAM. We classified the lesions into two groups according to the traffic signal system; Green (suspected benign lesion) and Red (suspected malignant lesion). RESULTS There were 18 (60%) benign bone lesions and 12 (40%) malignant lesions in the current study. 91.6% of malignant tumours and 88.8% of the benign tumours were identified correctly by the four observers. The inter-observer variability with Fleiss kappa was 0.884 (95% CI 0.7-1.03 p-value < 0.05), suggestive of agreement not by chance. These radiographs were again reassessed by the four observers after 3 months. The interobserver variability by Fleiss kappa was 1.0 (95% CI 0.8-1.1) suggesting complete agreement amongst the observers. Both orthopaedic oncologists had intra-observer kappa as 1.0 each and both surgical oncologists had 0.795 and 0.930 respectively. CONCLUSION The proposed A to Z RAM is an easy to use and reproducible method for reviewing radiographs in the out-patient department along with clinical findings for better management of patients with suspected bone lesions. The A to Z RAM can be a medical triage tool and subdivide bone lesions into two subgroups i.e. suspected benign lesion with a suggestion of further investigations with MRI and biopsy and suspected malignant lesion with a suggestion of MRI or early referral to a tertiary cancer center with expertise in orthopaedic oncology. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The A to Z RAM (Radiologic Assessment Method) is a reproducible method for reviewing radiographs in the out-patient department and can be an aid for better management of patients. A to Z RAM is useful as a medical triage system, subdividing patients according to the probable diagnosis into a suspected benign lesion and suspected malignant lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Salunke
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - K Nandy
- Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - M Kamani
- Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - K Puj
- Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - S Pathak
- Department of Orthopedics, MM University, Ambala, India.
| | - K Patel
- Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - R H Bhalerao
- Deptartment of Electrical Engineering, IITRAM, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - A Jain
- Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - M Sharma
- Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - V Warikoo
- Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - S Bhatt
- Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - P Rathod
- Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - S Pandya
- Gujarat Cancer Research Institute (GCRI), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
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Arora D, Bhatt S, Kumar M, Vattikonda HDC, Taneja Y, Jain V, Joshi V, Gali CC. Intranasal Lipid Particulate Drug Delivery Systems: An Update on Clinical Challenges and Biodistribution Studies of Cerebroactive Drugs in Alzheimer's disease. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 26:3281-3299. [PMID: 32228421 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200331085854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's is the primary cause of death in the various countries that affect wide strata of the population. The treatment of it is restricted to a few conventional oral medications that act only superficially. It is evident that the delivery of a drug to the brain across the blood-brain barrier is challenging as the BBB is armed with several efflux transporters like the P-glycoprotein as well as nasal mucociliary clearance adds up leading to decreased concentration and reduced therapeutic efficacy. Considering these, the intranasal IN route of drug administration is emerging as an alternative route for the systemic delivery of a drug to the brain. The intranasal (IN) administration of lipid nanoparticles loaded with cerebroactive drugs showed promise in treating various neurodegenerative diseases, since the nasal route allows the direct nose to brain delivery by means of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN's). The tailoring of intranasal lipid particulate drug delivery systems is a pleasing approach to facilitate uptake of therapeutic agents at the desired site of action, particularly when a free drug has poor pharmacokinetics/ biodistribution (PK/BD) or significant off-site toxicities. OBJECTIVES 1) In this review, key challenges and physiological mechanisms regulating intranasal brain delivery in Alzheimer's disease, ex vivo studies, pharmacokinetics parameters including brain uptake and histopathological studies are thoroughly discussed. 2) A thorough understanding of the in vivo behaviour of the intranasal drug carriers will be the elusive goal. 3) The article emphasizes to drag the attention of the research community working in the intranasal field towards the challenges and hurdles of the practical applicability of intranasal delivery of cerebroactive drugs. METHOD Various electronic databases, journals like nanotechnology and nanoscience, dove press are reviewed for the collection and compilation of data. RESULTS From in vivo biodistribution studies, pharmacokinetics parameters, and gamma scintigraphy images of various drugs, it is speculated that intranasal lipid particulates drug delivery system shows better brain targeting efficiency for various CNS disorders in comparison to other routes. CONCLUSION Various routes are explored for the delivery of drugs to increase bioavailability in the brain for CNS disorders but the intranasal route shows better results that pave the way for success in the future if properly explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepshi Arora
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Hari D C Vattikonda
- Department of Dentistry, Maheshwara Medical College and Hospital (Kaloji Narayana Rao University of Health Sciences), Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Vishal Jain
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Veenu Joshi
- Center for Basic Sciences, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Chaitanya C Gali
- Institute of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Austria
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Mehan N, kumar M, Bhatt S, Shankar R, Kumari B, Pahwa R, Kaushik D. Polymeric micelles for the futuristic treatment of skin cancer and photo toxicity: Therapeutic and Clinical advancement. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2021; 39:79-95. [DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2021035589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Rana SS, Bhatt S, Kumar M, Malik A, Sharma JB, Arora D, Saini V. Design and Optimization of Itraconazole Loaded SLN for Intranasal Administration Using Central Composite Design. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2210681209666191111113112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Solid Lipid nanoparticles (SLN) are comprising of a solid lipid core with
a mean diameter between 50 and 1000 nm. SLN is an advanced carrier system to traditional colloidal
carriers such as emulsion, liposomes, and polymeric microparticles.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to formulate SLN of Itraconazole (ITZ) for intranasal
administration.
Methods:
ITZ-loaded SLN were prepared by high pressure homogenization technique using the
Central Composite Design (CCD). The concentration of surfactant (X1) and drug to lipid ratio
(X2) was considered as independent variables, whereas particle size (Y1) and percentage entrapment
efficiency (Y2) were considered as a response. The compatibility of ingredients with the drug
was tested using differential scanning calorimetry. SLN were characterized for their particle size,
entrapment efficiency, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, and ex vivo study.
Results:
The solid lipid nanoparticles were successfully prepared using high pressure homogenization
technique and glyceryl monostearate was used as solid lipid. The lipid ratio significantly increases
the particle size as well as entrapment efficiency. The particle size and (%) entrapment efficiency
of optimized formulation were found to be 29 nm and 78.9%, respectively. The differential
scanning calorimetry confirmed that the drug existed in amorphous form. Nasal histopathology
study on sheep mucosa revealed that the developed SLN was non-toxic and safe to use for intranasal
administration. The results of ex vivo study showed that the Higuchi pattern of drug release
was followed. The in vitro release studies showed the significant difference in drug release from
ITZ-loaded SLN compared to plain ITZ-solution.
Conclusion:
ITZ-loaded SLN were successfully prepared and validated. The best batch was selected
based on the desired particle size, and EE which is an important characteristic for SLN formulations.
The developed formulations were nontoxic as determined by histo-pathological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvjeet S. Rana
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Anuj Malik
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Jai B. Sharma
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Deepshi Arora
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Naga, India
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Sharma S, Bhatt S, Saini V. Formulation Development and Evaluation of Novel Vesicular Carrier for Enhancement of Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble Drug. Pharm Nanotechnol 2020; 9:70-82. [PMID: 33231151 DOI: 10.2174/2211738508999201123213232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Niosomes are a vesicular carrier system comprised of a Nonionic surfactant bilayer surrounding an aqueous compartment. Niosomes are presumed to raise the intake of the poorly water-soluble drugs by M cells of Peyer's patches present in the intestine's lymphatic tissues, thereby avoiding the first-pass metabolism and increasing its oral bioavailability. Biodegradability, nonimmunogenic nature, minimal side effects, low cost, good stability, and flexibility to incorporate hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs are other advantages of niosomes. OBJECTIVE To formulate and evaluate a novel vesicular carrier system of a poorly soluble drug Lurasidone hydrochloride for the enhancement of its solubility and bioavailability. METHODS The thin-film hydration technique used to prepare Lurasidone hydrochloride loaded niosomes using different grades of nonionic surfactants like Brij, Span, and Tween. They evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, percent entrapment efficiency, in-vitro drug release, and in-vivo study. RESULTS Niosomes comprised of Brij S-100 in drug: cholesterol: surfactant (1:1:1) showed particle size (1.15 ± 0.21 μm) and percent entrapment efficiency (97.02 ± 0.21%) and was selected for further studies. Various pharmacokinetic parameters like Cmax (281.27ng/ml), Tmax (5 h), and AUC (2640.197) were found to be significantly improved compared to plain drug solution. CONCLUSION The Niosomal formulation could be the promising drug delivery system for the controlled and sustained release of Lurasidone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Sharma
- M.M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- M.M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Vipin Saini
- M.M. University Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Sharma JB, Bhatt S, Sharma A, Kumar M. Recent Advances in Curcumin Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Different Types of Cancer with Special Emphasis on In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Cellular Uptake Studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2210681209666190417144126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The potential use of nanocarriers is being explored rapidly for the targeted
delivery of anticancer agents. Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound obtained from
rhizomes of turmeric, belongs to family Zingiberaceae. It possesses chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic
activity with low toxicity in almost all types of cancer. The low solubility and bioavailability
of curcumin make it unable to use for the clinical purpose. The necessity of an effective
strategy to overcome the limitations of curcumin is responsible for the development of its nanocarriers.
Objective:
This study is aimed to review the role of curcumin nanocarriers for the treatment of
cancer with special emphasis on cellular uptake and in vitro cytotoxicity studies. In addition to
this, the effect of various ligand conjugated curcumin nanoparticles on different types of cancer
was also studied.
Methods:
A systematic review was conducted by extensively surfing the PubMed, science direct
and other portals to get the latest update on recent development in nanocarriers of curcumin.
Results:
The current data from recent studies showed that nanocarriers of curcumin resulted in the
targeted delivery, higher efficacy, enhanced bioavailability and lower toxicity. The curcumin
nanoparticles showed significant inhibitory effects on cancer cells as compared to free curcumin.
Conclusion:
It can be concluded that bioavailability of curcumin and its cytotoxic effect to cancer
cells can be enhanced by the development of curcumin based nanocarriers and it was found to be a
potential drug delivery technique for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai B. Sharma
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Asmita Sharma
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
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Abstract
The etiology and pathogenesis of craniofacial birth defects are multifactorial and include both genetic and environmental factors. Despite the identification of numerous genes associated with congenital craniofacial anomalies, our understanding of their etiology remains incomplete, and many affected individuals have an unknown genetic diagnosis. Here, we show that conditional loss of a Mediator complex subunit protein, Med23 in mouse neural crest cells (Med23fx/fx;Wnt1-Cre), results in micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate, mimicking the phenotype of Pierre Robin sequence. Sox9 messenger RNA and protein levels are both upregulated in neural crest cell-derived mesenchyme surrounding Meckel's cartilage and in the palatal shelves in Med23fx/fx;Wnt1-Cre mutant embryos compared to controls. Consistent with these observations, we demonstrate that Med23 binds to the promoter region of Sox9 and represses Sox9 expression in vitro. Interestingly, Sox9 binding to β-catenin is enhanced in Med23fx/fx;Wnt1-Cre mutant embryos, which, together with downregulation of Col2a1 and Wnt signaling target genes, results in decreased proliferation and altered jaw skeletal differentiation and cleft palate. Altogether, our data support a cell-autonomous requirement for Med23 in neural crest cells, potentially linking the global transcription machinery through Med23 to the etiology and pathogenesis of craniofacial anomalies such as micrognathia and cleft palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dash
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - S Bhatt
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - K T Falcon
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - L L Sandell
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville, School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - P A Trainor
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Tseng A, Girardo M, Liedl D, Bhatt S, Wennberg P, Shamoun F. Statin use associated with lower mortality in very elderly patients with peripheral arterial disease. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Given the potential side effects and the lack of data on its efficacy, the role of statins in the very elderly (age 75+) with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is uncertain. Previous studies have shown significant mortality benefit in very elderly patients with coronary artery disease, but the effect in PAD has not been evaluated.
Methods
Very elderly patients aged 75 to 80 with at least five years of follow-up who underwent ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement were included. PAD was defined as either low ABI <0.90 or high ABI >1.40. Demographic, medication use, comorbidity and mortality data was obtained using the electronic medical record. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed.
Results
In total, 4,560 very elderly subjects with PAD were included in the analysis. The median age was 77 (interquartile range 76–79) and 39% were female. 3,462 (76%) had low ABI while 1098 (24%) had high ABI. Univariate analysis showed that patients on statins were more likely to be male, have diabetes, have coronary artery disease, and have hyperlipidemia. Overall, 1,355 (30%) patients died in the five-year period. Unadjusted all-cause mortality hazard ratios for patients with low or high ABI with statin use was 0.66 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57–0.75) and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.66–0.97), respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, coronary artery disease and diabetes, statin use in low and high ABI was still associated with significant reductions in risk of all-cause mortality of 0.59 (95% CI: 0.51–0.67) and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.54–0.80), respectively. The survival curve for very elderly patients with PAD by statin use is shown in Figure 1.
Conclusion
Statin use in the very elderly was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality in the five-year period after diagnosis of PAD. There appears to be a mortality benefit with statin use in the very elderly with PAD, though careful consideration of benefits and side effects should be individualized in this age group.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tseng
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - M Girardo
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - D Liedl
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - S Bhatt
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - P Wennberg
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - F Shamoun
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, United States of America
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Tseng A, Bhatt S, Girardo M, Liedl D, Wennberg P, Shamoun F. Complex antithrombotic therapy and bleeding risk in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Antiplatelet therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for many atherosclerotic vascular pathologies including peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Patients with PAD often have comorbid conditions that require complex antithrombotic therapy, i.e. combined antiplatelet and anticoagulation.
Methods
All adult patients undergoing ankle brachial index (ABI) measurements were included in the study. ABI values between 1.00 and 1.40 were considered normal, and values below 1.00 or above 1.40 were considered PAD. Demographic, comorbidity and outcome data were obtained using diagnostic codes from the electronic health record. Three medication classes were analyzed: aspirin, non-aspirin oral antiplatelets (e.g. P2Y12 inhibitors) and oral anticoagulants (warfarin and the direct oral anticoagulants). Medication use was determined for patients who had been on a medication for at least one year. Cox proportional hazard analysis for the time to first bleeding event was analyzed. Bleeding was defined as any bleeding requiring medical evaluation (including clinically-relevant non-major bleeding and major bleeding).
Results
In all, 40,144 patients were included in the analysis (mean age 66±15, 43% female). Patients with PAD were more likely to be on double therapy (one antiplatelet with anticoagulation) (28% vs 19%) and triple therapy (dual antiplatelet with anticoagulation) (10% vs 4%). Unadjusted hazard ratios for bleeding risk showed increased risk of bleeding for patients with PAD (1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–1.29), though the association is no longer present after adjustment for antithrombotic therapy. Adjusting for age, sex and PAD class, compared to no antithrombotic therapy, there was increased risk of bleeding for monotherapy (1.91, 95% CI: 1.61–2.26), double therapy (3.40, 95% CI: 2.89–4.00) and triple therapy (5.00, 95% CI: 4.21–5.96). Among medications, aspirin and anticoagulant use was independently associated with the greatest increase in risk of bleeding.
Conclusion
Patients in PAD are at increased risk of bleeding secondary to antithrombotic therapy. Complex antithrombotic therapy with double or triple therapy confer additional bleeding risk, particularly regimens containing aspirin and oral anticoagulants.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tseng
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - S Bhatt
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - M Girardo
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - D Liedl
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - P Wennberg
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - F Shamoun
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, United States of America
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Kumar P, Murphy Z, Lenz S, Kaplan N, Lyass L, Yang S, Bhatt S, Perez White B. 228 Loss of EPHA2 represses GATA-3 function and causes a terminal differentiation defect. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sharma S, Sharma JB, Bhatt S, Kumar M. Method Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for the Quantitative Estimation of Curcumin in Simulated Nasal Fluid. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2020; 70:356-359. [PMID: 32575135 DOI: 10.1055/a-1193-4655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with numerous therapeutic activities. There is no validated method available for the quantitative estimation of curcumin in simulated nasal fluid. OBJECTIVE The aim of present investigation was to develop a simple and precise UV visible spectrophotometric method for estimation of pure form of curcumin in simulated nasal fluid. METHOD Suitable solvent system was selected by estimation of curcumin at UV maxima of 421nm in simulated nasal fluid with two surfactants (tween 80 and sodium lauryl sulphate). The double beam UV visible spectrophotometer was used for measurement of absorption. The selected solvent system was further validated according to guidelines of international conference on harmonization (ICH), the analytical parameter like linearity, precision and accuracy etc. were studied. RESULTS Simulated nasal fluid with tween 80 at 1% concentration satisfied all the conditions relative to Peak quality at the stated wavelength. In developed method, curcumin was found to be linear over selected concentration range of 5 to 60µg/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.998. The accuracy was found to be in range of 99.51 -100.223%.The precision was found to be less than 2 in terms of % RSD. The LOD & LOQ were 0.3657 & 1.109 respectively. CONCLUSION The proposed method was found to be simple, sensitive and precise. The most important this method can be used for routine quality control analysis of curcumin with accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Sharma
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be) University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Jai Bharti Sharma
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be) University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be) University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be) University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
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Bhatt S, Roy D, Kumar M, Saharan R, Malik A, Saini V. Development and Validation of In Vitro Discriminatory Dissolution Testing Method for Fast Dispersible Tablets of BCS Class II Drug. Turk J Pharm Sci 2020; 17:74-80. [PMID: 32454764 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2018.90582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Fast dispersible tablets (FDTs) get dispersed very fast due to which the discrimination of in vitro drug release and their evaluation is difficult. Hence in the present study a new in vitro discriminatory dissolution method was developed and validated for FDTs of domperidone of BCS class II. Materials and Methods FDTs of domperidone were prepared by direct compression method. The dissolution studies were performed in an eight-station Electrolab TDT-082 dissolution testing apparatus, analyzed by ultraviolet spectrophotometer and evaluated in different dissolution mediums i.e. sodium lauryl sulphate (0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%) with fresh distilled water, simulated intestinal fluid pH 6.8, simulated gastric fluid pH 1.2 without enzymes, phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8) and 0.1 N hydrochloric acid at different agitation speeds. Results The developed method was validated in terms of specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity and robustness. Amongst the different mediums, 0.5% sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) with distilled water was found to be optimum with higher rate of discriminatory power. The percentage recovery was found to be 96 to 100.12 % and the % relative standard deviation value for precision (intraday and interday) was found to be less than 1%. Also a dissolution profile of prepared FDTs were compared in distilled water containing 0.5% SLS using similarity (f2) and dissimilarity (f1) factor calculation which showed dissimilarity in release profile and confirms the discriminatory nature of developed method. Conclusion The discriminatory dissolution method for FDTs was developed and validated. All the obtained results were satisfactory, accurate and in range. The current method could be beneficial for formulation development and for assessment of quality of FDTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Bhatt
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Haryana, India
| | - Dabashis Roy
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Haryana, India
| | - Renu Saharan
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Haryana, India
| | - Anuj Malik
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Haryana, India
| | - Vipin Saini
- Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Solan, India
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Kumar M, Upadhayay P, Shankar R, Joshi M, Bhatt S, Malik A. Chlorpheniramine maleate containing chitosan-based nanoparticle-loaded thermosensitive in situ gel for management in allergic rhinitis. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 9:1017-1026. [PMID: 31049842 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00639-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to fabricate a thermosensitive gel containing chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM)-loaded nanoparticles following intranasal administration for effective treatment of allergic rhinitis. Chitosan-based nanoparticles were prepared by a precipitation method followed by the addition of developed NPs within the poloxamer 407- and carbopol 934P-based mucoadhesive thermoreversible gel. Developed formulations were evaluated for particle size, PDI, % entrapment efficiency, and % cumulative drug permeation. NP3 formulation was found to be optimized on the basis of minimum particle size (143.9 nm), maximum entrapment efficiency (80.10 ± 0.414%), and highest drug permeation (90.92 ± 0.531%). The optimized formulation NP3 was then formulated into thermoreversible in situ gel. This intensifies the contact between the nasal mucosa and the drug and increases and facilitates the drug absorption which results in increased bioavailability. G4 formulation was selected as the optimized formulation on the basis of gelation ability and mucoadhesive strength. Histology was carried out to examine the damage caused by the optimized G4 formulation. Results revealed no visual signs of tissue damage thus indicated safe nasal delivery of nanoparticulate in situ gel formulation G4. Thus, intranasal CPM NP-loaded in situ gel was found to be a promising formulation for the management of allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- M M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, India.
| | - Pooja Upadhayay
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, Mathura, India
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SHEAT College of Pharmacy, Varanasi, India
| | - Monika Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ashoka Institute of Pharmacy, Varanasi, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- M M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
| | - Anuj Malik
- M M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, India
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Kumar M, Amandeep, Bhatt S, Devi S, Upadhyay P, Saini V, Mittal A, Mehan N, Saini A. Recent advances in the development of the nanostructured lipid carriers for the topical fungal infections. J Rep Pharma Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_99_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Bhatt S, Kamboj R, SHARMA JAIBHARTI, Kumar M, Saini V, Mandge SHAILENDRA. Design and optimization of febuxostat loaded nano lipid carriers using full factorial design. Turk J Pharm Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.4274/tjps.32656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Bhatt S, Tseng AS, Girardo M, Firth C, Fortuin D, Liedl D, Wennberg P, Shamoun FE. P946Abnormal ankle brachial indices are associated with ischemic stroke: evidence from a large cohort study. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Peripheral arterial disease is a marker of aggressive atherosclerosis. The ankle brachial index (ABI) is a simple and non-invasive tool to diagnose peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Patients with PAD are at increased risk for ischemic strokes and other cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose
To evaluate the association of abnormal ABI and poorly compressible vessels with ischemic stroke in a large patient cohort.
Methods
We analyzed lower extremity vascular studies of all patients with ABI measurements at a tertiary care hospital between January 1996 and August 2018. PAD is defined as ABI<1.0, and poorly or non-compressible (PC/NC) arteries as ABI>1.4 while ABI between 1.0–1.4 is normal. Association of these ABIs with new ischemic stroke events post ABI measurement were analyzed after adjusting for high risk confounders such as atrial fibrillation. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using multivariable Cox proportional regression with 95% confidence intervals.
Results
In total, 38,016 unique patients (mean age 66.1±14.8 years, female 42.3%) were included. Abnormal ABI was found to be more prevalent among elderly male patients compared to patients with normal ABI. In contrast to non-PAD patients, both PAD and PC/NC patients as defined by ABI had a statistically significant risk of ischemic stroke, with PAD conferring the greatest risk compared to PC/NC vessels. The data is summarized in Table 1.
Table 1 Unadjusted HR p-value Adjusted HR p-value PAD vs. No PAD 2.77 (2.62, 2.92) <0.001 2.10 (1.98, 2.22) <0.001 PC/NC vs. No PAD 2.11 (1.95, 2.28) <0.001 1.38 (1.26, 1.51) <0.001 PAD vs. PC/NC 1.37 (1.28, 1.46) <0.001 1.37 (1.28, 1.48) <0.001 Adjusted and unadjusted hazard ratios with p-values. HR adjusted for age, sex, atrial fibrillation, ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, chronic heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. PAD = Peripheral artery disease and PC/NC = poorly compressible/non-compressible.
Conclusion
This study adds to the growing body of evidence that PAD and poorly-compressible vessels are independently associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. Given the associated risk of cerebrovascular disease, clinicians should aggressively treat to minimize risk factors in those with abnormal ABIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bhatt
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Scottsdale, United States of America
| | - A S Tseng
- Mayo Clinic, Internal Medicine, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - M Girardo
- Mayo Clinic, Research Biostatistics, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - C Firth
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular Medicine, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - D Fortuin
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular Medicine, Phoenix, United States of America
| | - D Liedl
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular Medicine, Rochester, United States of America
| | - P Wennberg
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular Medicine, Rochester, United States of America
| | - F E Shamoun
- Mayo Clinic, Cardiovascular Medicine, Phoenix, United States of America
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Kraemer MUG, Golding N, Bisanzio D, Bhatt S, Pigott DM, Ray SE, Brady OJ, Brownstein JS, Faria NR, Cummings DAT, Pybus OG, Smith DL, Tatem AJ, Hay SI, Reiner RC. Utilizing general human movement models to predict the spread of emerging infectious diseases in resource poor settings. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5151. [PMID: 30914669 PMCID: PMC6435716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41192-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mobility is an important driver of geographic spread of infectious pathogens. Detailed information about human movements during outbreaks are, however, difficult to obtain and may not be available during future epidemics. The Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa between 2014–16 demonstrated how quickly pathogens can spread to large urban centers following one cross-species transmission event. Here we describe a flexible transmission model to test the utility of generalised human movement models in estimating EVD cases and spatial spread over the course of the outbreak. A transmission model that includes a general model of human mobility significantly improves prediction of EVD’s incidence compared to models without this component. Human movement plays an important role not only to ignite the epidemic in locations previously disease free, but over the course of the entire epidemic. We also demonstrate important differences between countries in population mixing and the improved prediction attributable to movement metrics. Given their relative rareness, locally derived mobility data are unlikely to exist in advance of future epidemics or pandemics. Our findings show that transmission patterns derived from general human movement models can improve forecasts of spatio-temporal transmission patterns in places where local mobility data is unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- M U G Kraemer
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Computational Epidemiology Lab, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - N Golding
- Department of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - D Bisanzio
- RTI International, Washington, D.C., USA.,Epidemiology and Public Health Division, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - S Bhatt
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - D M Pigott
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - S E Ray
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - O J Brady
- Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - J S Brownstein
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Computational Epidemiology Lab, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N R Faria
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - D A T Cummings
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - O G Pybus
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - D L Smith
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Sanaria Institute for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Rockville, USA
| | - A J Tatem
- WorldPop, Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Flowminder Foundation, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S I Hay
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - R C Reiner
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Devi S, Saini V, Kumar M, Bhatt S, Gupta S, Deep A. A Novel Approach of Drug Localization through Development of Polymeric Micellar System Containing Azelastine HCl for Ocular Delivery. Pharm Nanotechnol 2019; 7:314-327. [PMID: 31362666 PMCID: PMC7040519 DOI: 10.2174/2211738507666190726162000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of polymeric micelles for the management of allergic conjunctivitis to overcome the limitations of topical installation, such as poor patient compliance, poor stromal permeability, and significant adverse effects, increase precorneal residence time and efficacy, and also control the release of drug at the target site. OBJECTIVE The investigation was aimed at developing a polymeric micellar system of Azelastine HCl for Ocular Delivery. METHODS Drug loaded micelles of tri-block copolymers Pf 127 were prepared by Thin Film hydration method. The polymeric micelles formulations (F1 to F9) were assessed for entrapment efficiency, micelle size, in vitro permeation, ex vivo transcorneal permeation, in vivo Ocular Irritation, and Histology. RESULTS Optimized micelles formulation (F3), with the lowest micelle size of 92 nm, least polydispersity value of 0.135, highest entrapment efficiency of 95.30 ± 0.17%, and a cumulative drug permeation of 84.12 ± 1.26% in 8h, was selected to develop pH-sensitive micelles loaded carbopol in situ gel. The optimized in situ gel (G4) proved to be superior in its ex vivo transcorneal permeation when compared with Market Preparation and pure drug suspension, exhibiting 43.35 ± 1.48% Permeation with zero-order kinetics (r2 = 0.9944) across goat cornea. Transmission Electron microscopy revealed spherical polymeric micelles trapped in the gel matrix. A series of experiments showed hydration capability, non-irritancy, and histologically safe gel formulation that had appropriate handling characteristics. CONCLUSION A controlled release pH-sensitive ocular formulation capable of carrying the drug to the anterior section of the eye via topical delivery was successfully developed for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Devi
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Vipin Saini
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Aman Deep
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
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40
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Waseem S, Bhatt S, Viswanathan S, Audet J. Statistical modeling to optimize the culture of mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytotherapy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.02.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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41
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Cable C, Kaplan N, Balu A, Bhatt S, Sia M, Perez White B. 860 EGFR proteomics reveals novel EphA2-dependent trafficking and signaling pathways in epidermal keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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42
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Bhatt S, Sharma J, Singh M, Saini V. Solid lipid nanoparticles: a promising technology for delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.23893/1307-2080.aps.05616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Chaturvedi M, Kumar M, Pathak K, Bhatt S, Saini V. Surface Solid Dispersion and Solid Dispersion of Meloxicam: Comparison and Product Development. Adv Pharm Bull 2017; 7:569-577. [PMID: 29399546 PMCID: PMC5788211 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2017.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: A comparative study was carried out between surface solid dispersion (SSD) and solid dispersion (SD) of meloxicam (MLX) to assess the solubility and dissolution enhancement approach and thereafter develop as patient friendly orodispersible tablet. Methods: Crospovidone (CPV), a hydrophilic carrier was selected for SSD preparation on the basis of 89% in- vitro MLX adsorption, 19% hydration capacity and high swelling index. SD on the other hand was made with PEG4000. Both were prepared by co-grinding and solvent evaporation method using drug: carrier ratios of 1:1, 1:4, and 1:8. Formulation SSDS3 (MLX: CPV in 1:8 ratio) made by solvent evaporation method showed t50% of 28 min and 80.9% DE50min which was higher in comparison to the corresponding solid dispersion, SDS3 (t50% of 35min and 76.4% DE50min). Both SSDS3 and SDS3 were developed as orodispersible tablets and evaluated. Results: Tablet formulation F3 made with SSD3 with a disintegration time of 11 secs, by wetting time= 6 sec, high water absorption of 78%by wt and cumulative drug release of 97% proved to be superior than the tablet made with SD3. Conclusion: Conclusively, the SSD of meloxicam has the potential to be developed as fast acing formulation that can ensure almost complete release of drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Chaturvedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, Chattikkara, Mathura, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, M M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University,Mullana, Ambala-133207, Haryana, India
| | - Kamla Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Pharmacy College Saifai, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical sciences, Saifai, Etawah , 206130, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shailendra Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, M M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University,Mullana, Ambala-133207, Haryana, India
| | - Vipin Saini
- Department of Pharmaceutics, M M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University,Mullana, Ambala-133207, Haryana, India
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Bhatt S, Pundarikakshudu K, Patel P, Patel N, Panchal A, Shah G, Goswami S. Beneficial effect of aspirin against interferon-α-2b-induced depressive behavior in Sprague Dawley rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 43:1208-1215. [PMID: 27561157 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating data advocates that inflammatory mediators may contribute to depression in experimental models as well as in humans. Nonetheless, whether anti-inflammatory treatments can prevent depression still remains controversial. To substantiate our hypothesis, we used an interferon-α-2b model of depression using Sprague Dawley rats. Interferon-α-2b is a cytokine which activates immune response and also produces depression. The animals were treated for 21 days with aspirin (10 mg/kg, per oral (p.o.)) dexamethasone (1 mg/kg p.o.) and amitriptyline (10 mg/kg p.o.). Amitriptyline was used as reference standard, and given concurrently with aspirin and dexamethasone to examine any synergy. Interferon-α-2b (6000 IU/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)) was administered in all the above groups daily, except normal control. Tests performed included sucrose preference test, behavioural tests like forced swim test, elevated plus maze, light dark box and locomotor activity along with biochemical estimations like serum cortisol and brain neurotransmitters. The rats in the group treated with Interferon-α-2b produced depressive behaviour in rats. We found that animals treated with aspirin decreased immobility time in forced swim test, increased sucrose preference, decreased serum cortisol and increased brain serotonin levels signifying antidepressant action. In contrast, there was no effect in groups treated with dexamethasone. Our results suggest that aspirin can serve as a potential antidepressant both individually and as adjuvant agent in the treatment of depression. Inhibition of the cyclo-oxygenase-2 levels and prostaglandins concentration or any other potential physiological and biochemical mechanisms may be involved in antidepressant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gaurang Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, K B Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Sunita Goswami
- Department of Pharmacology, L M College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, India
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Bhatt S, Gómez-Aristizábal A, Viswanathan S. Culture engineered mesenchymal stromal cells with enhanced anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties are therapeutically attractive for multiple indications. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Read J, Viswanathan S, Bhatt S, Chaboureau A, Gomez-Aristizabal A, Weston A, Fazio A, Ogilvie-Harris D, Kapoor M, Keating A, Mahomed N, Marshall W, Naraghi A, Chahal J. Human autologous mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of mid- to late-stage knee osteoarthritis—preliminary results from a first-in-North America phase I/II study. Cytotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Burstein R, Golding N, Osgood-Zimmerman A, Longbottom J, Dwyer-Lindgren L, Browne A, Earl L, Morozoff C, Lim S, Wang H, Flaxman A, Weiss D, Bhatt S, Farag T, Krause L, Dowell S, Gething P, Murray C, Moyes C, Hay S. High Spatial Resolution Mapping of Changing Inequalities in Child
Mortality Across Africa between 2000 and 2015. Ann Glob Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2017.03.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Fosler L, Winters P, Jones KW, Curnow KJ, Sehnert AJ, Bhatt S, Platt LD. Aneuploidy screening by non-invasive prenatal testing in twin pregnancy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017; 49:470-477. [PMID: 27194226 PMCID: PMC5396416 DOI: 10.1002/uog.15964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe our experience with non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in twin pregnancy. METHODS Two sets of maternal blood samples from twin pregnancies were analyzed at our laboratory using NIPT: 115 stored samples from pregnancies with known outcome (Clinical Study A) and 487 prospectively collected samples for which outcomes were requested from providers (Clinical Study B). NIPT was used to screen for the presence of fetal aneuploidy on chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y in all cases, and results were compared with outcomes when known. RESULTS In Clinical Study A, all 115 samples were classified correctly by NIPT: three cases of trisomy 21 (one fetus affected), one of monochorionic trisomy 18 (both fetuses affected) and 111 euploid. In Clinical Study B, a NIPT result was reported for 479 (98.4%) of the 487 samples. Aneuploidy was detected or suspected in nine (1.9%) cases: seven cases of trisomy 21 detected, one case of trisomy 21 suspected and one case with trisomy 21 detected and trisomy 18 suspected. Information on aneuploidy outcome was available for 171 (35.7%) cases in Clinical Study B. Of the nine cases with aneuploidy detected or suspected, six were confirmed to be a true positive in at least one twin based on karyotype or birth outcome and two were suspected to be concordant based on ultrasound findings; the one known discordant result was for the aneuploidy suspected case. No false negatives were reported. CONCLUSION NIPT performed well in the detection of trisomy 21 in twin pregnancy, with a combined false-positive frequency for trisomies 13, 18 and 21 of 0% for Clinical Study A and 0.2% for Clinical Study B. © 2016 Illumina. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aneuploidy
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, X/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Y/genetics
- Female
- Genetic Testing/methods
- Humans
- Maternal Age
- Middle Aged
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy, Twin
- Prenatal Diagnosis/methods
- Prospective Studies
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - L. D. Platt
- David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California Los AnglesLos AngelesCAUSA
- Center for Fetal Medicine and Women's UltrasoundLos AngelesCAUSA
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Jubin T, Kadam A, Jariwala M, Bhatt S, Sutariya S, Gani AR, Gautam S, Begum R. The PARP family: insights into functional aspects of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 in cell growth and survival. Cell Prolif 2016; 49:421-37. [PMID: 27329285 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP family members can be found spread across all domains and continue to be essential molecules from lower to higher eukaryotes. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), newly termed ADP-ribosyltransferase D-type 1 (ARTD1), is a ubiquitously expressed ADP-ribosyltransferase (ART) enzyme involved in key cellular processes such as DNA repair and cell death. This review assesses current developments in PARP-1 biology and activation signals for PARP-1, other than conventional DNA damage activation. Moreover, many essential functions of PARP-1 still remain elusive. PARP-1 is found to be involved in a myriad of cellular events via conservation of genomic integrity, chromatin dynamics and transcriptional regulation. This article briefly focuses on its other equally important overlooked functions during growth, metabolic regulation, spermatogenesis, embryogenesis, epigenetics and differentiation. Understanding the role of PARP-1, its multidimensional regulatory mechanisms in the cell and its dysregulation resulting in diseased states, will help in harnessing its true therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jubin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - A Kadam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - M Jariwala
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Bhatt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Sutariya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - A R Gani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - S Gautam
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - R Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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