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Chou CH, Huang HY, Huang WC, Hsu SD, Hsiao CD, Liu CY, Chen YH, Liu YC, Huang WY, Lee ML, Chen YC, Huang HD. The aquatic animals' transcriptome resource for comparative functional analysis. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:103. [PMID: 29764375 PMCID: PMC5954267 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4463-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aquatic animals have great economic and ecological importance. Among them, non-model organisms have been studied regarding eco-toxicity, stress biology, and environmental adaptation. Due to recent advances in next-generation sequencing techniques, large amounts of RNA-seq data for aquatic animals are publicly available. However, currently there is no comprehensive resource exist for the analysis, unification, and integration of these datasets. This study utilizes computational approaches to build a new resource of transcriptomic maps for aquatic animals. This aquatic animal transcriptome map database dbATM provides de novo assembly of transcriptome, gene annotation and comparative analysis of more than twenty aquatic organisms without draft genome. Results To improve the assembly quality, three computational tools (Trinity, Oases and SOAPdenovo-Trans) were employed to enhance individual transcriptome assembly, and CAP3 and CD-HIT-EST software were then used to merge these three assembled transcriptomes. In addition, functional annotation analysis provides valuable clues to gene characteristics, including full-length transcript coding regions, conserved domains, gene ontology and KEGG pathways. Furthermore, all aquatic animal genes are essential for comparative genomics tasks such as constructing homologous gene groups and blast databases and phylogenetic analysis. Conclusion In conclusion, we establish a resource for non model organism aquatic animals, which is great economic and ecological importance and provide transcriptomic information including functional annotation and comparative transcriptome analysis. The database is now publically accessible through the URL http://dbATM.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4463-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Chou
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Yuan Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, 320, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Liu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hung Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Liu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yun Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Lin Lee
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chang Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. .,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
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2
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Lee YR, Yeh SF, Ruan XM, Zhang H, Hsu SD, Huang HD, Hsieh CC, Lin YS, Yeh TM, Liu HS, Gan DD. Honeysuckle aqueous extract and induced let-7a suppress dengue virus type 2 replication and pathogenesis. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 198:109-121. [PMID: 28052239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.), a traditional Chinese herb, has widely been used to treat pathogen infection. However, the underlying-mechanism remains elusive. AIMS OF THE STUDY To reveal the host microRNA (miRNA) profile with the anti-viral activity after honeysuckle treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here we reveal the differentially expressed miRNAs by Solexa® deep sequencing from the blood of human and mice after the aqueous extract treatment. Among these overexpressed innate miRNAs both in human and mice, let-7a is able to target the NS1 region (nt 3313-3330) of dengue virus (DENV) serotypes 1, 2 and 4 predicated by the target predication software. RESULTS We confirmed that let-7a could target DENV2 at the predicated NS1 sequence and suppress DENV2 replication demonstrated by luciferase-reporter activity, RT-PCR, real-time PCR, Western blotting and plaque assay. ICR-suckling mice consumed honeysuckle aqueous extract either before or after intracranial injection with DENV2 showed decreased levels of NS1 RNA and protein expression accompanied with alleviated disease symptoms, decreased virus load, and prolonged survival time. Similar results were observed when DENV2-infected mice were intracranially injected with let-7a. CONCLUSION We reveal that honeysuckle attenuates DENV replication and related pathogenesis in vivo through induction of let-7a expression. This study opens a new direction for prevention and treatment of DENV infection through induction of the innate miRNA let-7a by honeysuckle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ray Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Siao-Fen Yeh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Xiao-Ming Ruan
- College of Biological Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Biological Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Molecular Bioinformatics Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chi Hsieh
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Shin Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Trai-Ming Yeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Sheng Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Dai-Di Gan
- College of Biological Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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3
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Liu YC, Hsu SD, Chou CH, Huang WY, Chen YH, Liu CY, Lyu GJ, Huang SZ, Aganezov S, Alekseyev MA, Hsiao CD, Huang HD. Transcriptome sequencing based annotation and homologous evidence based scaffolding of Anguilla japonica draft genome. BMC Genomics 2016; 17 Suppl 1:13. [PMID: 26818233 PMCID: PMC4895481 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-2306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anguilla japonica (Japanese eel) is currently one of the most important research subjects in eastern Asia aquaculture. Enigmatic life cycle of the organism makes study of artificial reproduction extremely limited. Henceforth genomic and transcriptomic resources of eels are urgently needed to help solving the problems surrounding this organism across multiple fields. We hereby provide a reconstructed transcriptome from deep sequencing of juvenile (glass eels) whole body samples. The provided expressed sequence tags were used to annotate the currently available draft genome sequence. Homologous information derived from the annotation result was applied to improve the group of scaffolds into available linkage groups. Results With the transcriptome sequence data combined with publicly available expressed sequence tags evidences, 18,121 genes were structurally and functionally annotated on the draft genome. Among them, 3,921 genes were located in the 19 linkage groups. 137 scaffolds covering 13 million bases were grouped into the linkage groups in additional to the original partial linkage groups, increasing the linkage group coverage from 13 to 14 %. Conclusions This annotation provide information of the coding regions of the genes supported by transcriptome based evidence. The derived homologous evidences pave the way for phylogenetic analysis of important genetic traits and the improvement of the genome assembly. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2306-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Liu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Hung Chou
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Yun Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Hung Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Yu Liu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Guan-Jay Lyu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shao-Zhen Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sergey Aganezov
- Computational Biology Institute & Department of Mathematics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Higher Mathematics, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Max A Alekseyev
- Computational Biology Institute & Department of Mathematics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan, ROC. .,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan, ROC. .,Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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4
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Liu YC, Li JR, Sun CH, Andrews E, Chao RF, Lin FM, Weng SL, Hsu SD, Huang CC, Cheng C, Liu CC, Huang HD. CircNet: a database of circular RNAs derived from transcriptome sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res 2016. [PMID: 26450965 DOI: 10.1093/nargkv940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a new type of regulatory noncoding RNA that only recently has been identified and cataloged. Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs exert a new layer of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. In this study, we utilized transcriptome sequencing datasets to systematically identify the expression of circRNAs (including known and newly identified ones by our pipeline) in 464 RNA-seq samples, and then constructed the CircNet database (http://circnet.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/) that provides the following resources: (i) novel circRNAs, (ii) integrated miRNA-target networks, (iii) expression profiles of circRNA isoforms, (iv) genomic annotations of circRNA isoforms (e.g. 282 948 exon positions), and (v) sequences of circRNA isoforms. The CircNet database is to our knowledge the first public database that provides tissue-specific circRNA expression profiles and circRNA-miRNA-gene regulatory networks. It not only extends the most up to date catalog of circRNAs but also provides a thorough expression analysis of both previously reported and novel circRNAs. Furthermore, it generates an integrated regulatory network that illustrates the regulation between circRNAs, miRNAs and genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Liu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Rong Li
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hu Sun
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Erik Andrews
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - Rou-Fang Chao
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Mao Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Long Weng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Chen Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao Cheng
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - Chun-Chi Liu
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, Taiwan Center for Bioinformatics Research, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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5
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Chou CH, Chang NW, Shrestha S, Hsu SD, Lin YL, Lee WH, Yang CD, Hong HC, Wei TY, Tu SJ, Tsai TR, Ho SY, Jian TY, Wu HY, Chen PR, Lin NC, Huang HT, Yang TL, Pai CY, Tai CS, Chen WL, Huang CY, Liu CC, Weng SL, Liao KW, Hsu WL, Huang HD. miRTarBase 2016: updates to the experimentally validated miRNA-target interactions database. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:D239-47. [PMID: 26590260 PMCID: PMC4702890 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 836] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides, which negatively regulate the gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. This study describes an update of the miRTarBase (http://miRTarBase.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/) that provides information about experimentally validated miRNA-target interactions (MTIs). The latest update of the miRTarBase expanded it to identify systematically Argonaute-miRNA-RNA interactions from 138 crosslinking and immunoprecipitation sequencing (CLIP-seq) data sets that were generated by 21 independent studies. The database contains 4966 articles, 7439 strongly validated MTIs (using reporter assays or western blots) and 348 007 MTIs from CLIP-seq. The number of MTIs in the miRTarBase has increased around 7-fold since the 2014 miRTarBase update. The miRNA and gene expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) are integrated to provide an effective overview of this exponential growth in the miRNA experimental data. These improvements make the miRTarBase one of the more comprehensively annotated, experimentally validated miRNA-target interactions databases and motivate additional miRNA research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Chou
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Wen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Sirjana Shrestha
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan Center for Bioinformatics Research, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiang Lee
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan Clinical Research Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Dung Yang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chin Hong
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yen Wei
- Interdisciplinary Program of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Siang-Jyun Tu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Tzi-Ren Tsai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yi Ho
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yan Jian
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Rong Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chieh Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Tzu Huang
- Degree Program of Applied Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ling Yang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yuan Pai
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chun-San Tai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Liang Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan Gynecologic Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chi Liu
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Long Weng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, 112, Taiwan Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Wen Liao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lian Hsu
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan Center for Bioinformatics Research, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
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Liu YC, Li JR, Sun CH, Andrews E, Chao RF, Lin FM, Weng SL, Hsu SD, Huang CC, Cheng C, Liu CC, Huang HD. CircNet: a database of circular RNAs derived from transcriptome sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:D209-15. [PMID: 26450965 PMCID: PMC4702939 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a new type of regulatory noncoding RNA that only recently has been identified and cataloged. Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs exert a new layer of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. In this study, we utilized transcriptome sequencing datasets to systematically identify the expression of circRNAs (including known and newly identified ones by our pipeline) in 464 RNA-seq samples, and then constructed the CircNet database (http://circnet.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/) that provides the following resources: (i) novel circRNAs, (ii) integrated miRNA-target networks, (iii) expression profiles of circRNA isoforms, (iv) genomic annotations of circRNA isoforms (e.g. 282 948 exon positions), and (v) sequences of circRNA isoforms. The CircNet database is to our knowledge the first public database that provides tissue-specific circRNA expression profiles and circRNA–miRNA-gene regulatory networks. It not only extends the most up to date catalog of circRNAs but also provides a thorough expression analysis of both previously reported and novel circRNAs. Furthermore, it generates an integrated regulatory network that illustrates the regulation between circRNAs, miRNAs and genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Liu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Rong Li
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hu Sun
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Erik Andrews
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - Rou-Fang Chao
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Mao Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Long Weng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Chen Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao Cheng
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - Chun-Chi Liu
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu, Taiwan Center for Bioinformatics Research, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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7
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Chen MC, Chang JP, Chang TH, Hsu SD, Huang HD, Ho WC, Wang FS, Hsiao CC, Liu WH. Unraveling regulatory mechanisms of atrial remodeling of mitral regurgitation pigs by gene expression profiling analysis: role of type I angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Transl Res 2015; 165:599-620. [PMID: 25500755 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Left atrial enlargement associated with mitral regurgitation (MR) predicts a poor prognosis. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of atrial remodeling remain unclear. We used high-density oligonucleotide microarrays and enrichment analysis to identify the alteration of RNA expression pattern and biological processes involved in the atrial remodeling of pigs with and without MR. Gene arrays from left atria tissues were compared in 13 pigs (iatrogenic MR pigs [n = 6], iatrogenic MR pigs treated with valsartan [n = 4], and pigs without MR [n = 3]). A total of 22 genes were differentially upregulated by altered fold change >2.0 (Log2FC > 1), and 49 genes were differentially downregulated by altered fold change <0.5 (Log2FC < -1) in the left atria of the MR pigs compared with the pigs without MR. Enrichment analysis showed that renin-angiotensin system was identified in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway. Notably, 12 of the 22 upregulated genes were identified to be downregulated by valsartan and 10 of the 49 downregulated genes were identified to be upregulated by valsartan. The tissue concentrations of angiotensin II and gene expression of hypertrophic gene, myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular isoforms, and fibrosis-related genes were significantly increased in the MR pigs compared with pigs without MR. In conclusion, differentially expressed transcriptome and related biological pathways have been identified in the left atria of the MR pigs compared with pigs without MR. Additionally, some of the differentially expressed genes could be regulated by type I angiotensin II receptor blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mien-Cheng Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Ping Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chun Ho
- Division of Cardiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Sheng Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Graduate institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chun Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, Graduate institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hao Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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8
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Abstract
We present MethHC (http://MethHC.mbc.nctu.edu.tw), a database comprising a systematic integration of a large collection of DNA methylation data and mRNA/microRNA expression profiles in human cancer. DNA methylation is an important epigenetic regulator of gene transcription, and genes with high levels of DNA methylation in their promoter regions are transcriptionally silent. Increasing numbers of DNA methylation and mRNA/microRNA expression profiles are being published in different public repositories. These data can help researchers to identify epigenetic patterns that are important for carcinogenesis. MethHC integrates data such as DNA methylation, mRNA expression, DNA methylation of microRNA gene and microRNA expression to identify correlations between DNA methylation and mRNA/microRNA expression from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), which includes 18 human cancers in more than 6000 samples, 6548 microarrays and 12 567 RNA sequencing data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yun Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Yuan Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ming Sun
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chou
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Long Weng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei 112, Taiwan Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan Center for Bioinformatics Research, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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9
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Shrestha S, Hsu SD, Huang WY, Huang HY, Chen W, Weng SL, Huang HD. A systematic review of microRNA expression profiling studies in human gastric cancer. Cancer Med 2014; 3:878-88. [PMID: 24902858 PMCID: PMC4303155 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of global cancer mortality. Most GC patients are diagnosed with advanced-stage disease and show extremely poor prognosis. All of the GC research has a common interest to search for the specific and sensitive biomarkers for early diagnosis of GC. Number of microRNAs play important role in GC. We carried out a systematic review of published miRNA profiling studies that compared the miRNA expression profiles between GC tissues and paired noncancerous gastric tissue. A vote-counting strategy was followed with the collection of information like total number of studies reporting differential expression of miRNA, total number of tissue samples used in the studies, direction of differential expression and fold change. A total of 352 differentially expressed microRNAs were reported in the 14 microRNA expression profiling studies that compared GC tissues with normal tissues with 120 microRNAs reported at least in two studies. In the group of consistently reported microRNAs, miR-21 was reported upregulated in 10 studies followed by miR-25, miR-92, and miR-223 upregulated in eight studies. MiR-375 and miR-148a were found downregulated in six and five studies, respectively, followed by miR-638 in four studies. MiR-107 and miR-103 were reported in nine and eight studies, respectively, but their expression were inconsistent. From this study, the most consistently reported upregulated microRNA was found to be miR-21. This systematic review study of human GC microRNA expression profiling studies would provide information on microRNAs with potential role as the biomarkers in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirjana Shrestha
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
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10
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Chan DC, Chang HM, Chou YC, Hsu SD, Liao GS, Chen TW, Hsieh CB, Chen CJ, Yu JC. Predictive risk factors for fracture at catheter of totally implantable venous access devices via subclavian vein insertion. J Med Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.4103/1011-4564.139186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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11
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Hsu SD, Tseng YT, Shrestha S, Lin YL, Khaleel A, Chou CH, Chu CF, Huang HY, Lin CM, Ho SY, Jian TY, Lin FM, Chang TH, Weng SL, Liao KW, Liao IE, Liu CC, Huang HD. miRTarBase update 2014: an information resource for experimentally validated miRNA-target interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 42:D78-85. [PMID: 24304892 PMCID: PMC3965058 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt1266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 539] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules capable of negatively regulating gene expression to control many cellular mechanisms. The miRTarBase database (http://mirtarbase.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/) provides the most current and comprehensive information of experimentally validated miRNA-target interactions. The database was launched in 2010 with data sources for >100 published studies in the identification of miRNA targets, molecular networks of miRNA targets and systems biology, and the current release (2013, version 4) includes significant expansions and enhancements over the initial release (2010, version 1). This article reports the current status of and recent improvements to the database, including (i) a 14-fold increase to miRNA-target interaction entries, (ii) a miRNA-target network, (iii) expression profile of miRNA and its target gene, (iv) miRNA target-associated diseases and (v) additional utilities including an upgrade reminder and an error reporting/user feedback system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, Molecular Bioinformatics Center, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, Graduate Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan, Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan, and Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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12
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Chou CH, Lin FM, Chou MT, Hsu SD, Chang TH, Weng SL, Shrestha S, Hsiao CC, Hung JH, Huang HD. A computational approach for identifying microRNA-target interactions using high-throughput CLIP and PAR-CLIP sequencing. BMC Genomics 2013; 14 Suppl 1:S2. [PMID: 23368412 PMCID: PMC3549799 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-s1-s2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in down-regulating gene expression. By coupling with Argonaute family proteins, miRNAs bind to target sites on mRNAs and employ translational repression. A large amount of miRNA-target interactions (MTIs) have been identified by the crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) and the photoactivatable-ribonucleoside-enhanced CLIP (PAR-CLIP) along with the next-generation sequencing (NGS). PAR-CLIP shows high efficiency of RNA co-immunoprecipitation, but it also lead to T to C conversion in miRNA-RNA-protein crosslinking regions. This artificial error obviously reduces the mappability of reads. However, a specific tool to analyze CLIP and PAR-CLIP data that takes T to C conversion into account is still in need. Results We herein propose the first CLIP and PAR-CLIP sequencing analysis platform specifically for miRNA target analysis, namely miRTarCLIP. From scratch, it automatically removes adaptor sequences from raw reads, filters low quality reads, reverts C to T, aligns reads to 3'UTRs, scans for read clusters, identifies high confidence miRNA target sites, and provides annotations from external databases. With multi-threading techniques and our novel C to T reversion procedure, miRTarCLIP greatly reduces the running time comparing to conventional approaches. In addition, miRTarCLIP serves with a web-based interface to provide better user experiences in browsing and searching targets of interested miRNAs. To demonstrate the superior functionality of miRTarCLIP, we applied miRTarCLIP to two public available CLIP and PAR-CLIP sequencing datasets. miRTarCLIP not only shows comparable results to that of other existing tools in a much faster speed, but also reveals interesting features among these putative target sites. Specifically, we used miRTarCLIP to disclose that T to C conversion within position 1-7 and that within position 8-14 of miRNA target sites are significantly different (p value = 0.02), and even more significant when focusing on sites targeted by top 102 highly expressed miRNAs only (p value = 0.01). These results comply with previous findings and further suggest that combining miRNA expression and PAR-CLIP data can improve accuracy of the miRNA target prediction. Conclusion To sum up, we devised a systematic approach for mining miRNA-target sites from CLIP-seq and PAR-CLIP sequencing data, and integrated the workflow with a graphical web-based browser, which provides a user friendly interface and detailed annotations of MTIs. We also showed through real-life examples that miRTarCLIP is a powerful tool for understanding miRNAs. Our integrated tool can be accessed online freely at http://miRTarCLIP.mbc.nctu.edu.tw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Chou
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan
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13
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Tsai WC, Hsu SD, Hsu CS, Lai TC, Chen SJ, Shen R, Huang Y, Chen HC, Lee CH, Tsai TF, Hsu MT, Wu JC, Huang HD, Shiao MS, Hsiao M, Tsou AP. MicroRNA-122 plays a critical role in liver homeostasis and hepatocarcinogenesis. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:2884-97. [PMID: 22820290 DOI: 10.1172/jci63455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 632] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-122 (miR-122), which accounts for 70% of the liver's total miRNAs, plays a pivotal role in the liver. However, its intrinsic physiological roles remain largely undetermined. We demonstrated that mice lacking the gene encoding miR-122a (Mir122a) are viable but develop temporally controlled steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These mice exhibited a striking disparity in HCC incidence based on sex, with a male-to-female ratio of 3.9:1, which recapitulates the disease incidence in humans. Impaired expression of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) contributed to steatosis, which was reversed by in vivo restoration of Mttp expression. We found that hepatic fibrosis onset can be partially attributed to the action of a miR-122a target, the Klf6 transcript. In addition, Mir122a(-/-) livers exhibited disruptions in a range of pathways, many of which closely resemble the disruptions found in human HCC. Importantly, the reexpression of miR-122a reduced disease manifestation and tumor incidence in Mir122a(-/-) mice. This study demonstrates that mice with a targeted deletion of the Mir122a gene possess several key phenotypes of human liver diseases, which provides a rationale for the development of a unique therapy for the treatment of chronic liver disease and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Hsu JBK, Chiu CM, Hsu SD, Huang WY, Chien CH, Lee TY, Huang HD. miRTar: an integrated system for identifying miRNA-target interactions in human. BMC Bioinformatics 2011; 12:300. [PMID: 21791068 PMCID: PMC3162936 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-12-300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that are ~22-nt-long sequences capable of suppressing protein synthesis. Previous research has suggested that miRNAs regulate 30% or more of the human protein-coding genes. The aim of this work is to consider various analyzing scenarios in the identification of miRNA-target interactions, as well as to provide an integrated system that will aid in facilitating investigation on the influence of miRNA targets by alternative splicing and the biological function of miRNAs in biological pathways. Results This work presents an integrated system, miRTar, which adopts various analyzing scenarios to identify putative miRNA target sites of the gene transcripts and elucidates the biological functions of miRNAs toward their targets in biological pathways. The system has three major features. First, the prediction system is able to consider various analyzing scenarios (1 miRNA:1 gene, 1:N, N:1, N:M, all miRNAs:N genes, and N miRNAs: genes involved in a pathway) to easily identify the regulatory relationships between interesting miRNAs and their targets, in 3'UTR, 5'UTR and coding regions. Second, miRTar can analyze and highlight a group of miRNA-regulated genes that participate in particular KEGG pathways to elucidate the biological roles of miRNAs in biological pathways. Third, miRTar can provide further information for elucidating the miRNA regulation, i.e., miRNA-target interactions, affected by alternative splicing. Conclusions In this work, we developed an integrated resource, miRTar, to enable biologists to easily identify the biological functions and regulatory relationships between a group of known/putative miRNAs and protein coding genes. miRTar is now available at http://miRTar.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Bo-Kai Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan
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15
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Tsou AP, Tsai WC, Hsu SD, Hsu CS, Hsiao MS, Chen SJ, Hsiao M, Huang HD. Abstract 4705: MicroRNA-122 regulates liver metabolism and hepatocyte differentiation. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-4705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), inhibitors of gene expression, participate in diverse biological functions and in carcinogenesis. MicroRNA-122, a liver-specific miRNA, is known to regulate lipid metabolism and tumorgenesis and is down-regulated in the intrahepatic metastastic HCC. To obtain insights into the physiological function of miR-122, we successfully generated the mir-122-/- mutant mouse (122KO).
122KO mice are viable with reduced serum cholesterol, elevated alkaline phosphatase and portal infiltration. Collagen deposition suggested minor fibrosis in 122KO livers. 122KO mice have distinctly different lipid metabolism. The levels of cholesterol and triglyceride are low in serum but high in liver tissue. Lipoprotein analysis revealed that 122KO mice have defect in VLDL transport. These results indicate that mir-122 deletion generated pathological features reminiscent that of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in human. In addition, mir-122 deletion is also prone to hepatocarcinogenesis. Liver tumors developed at age of 11 months in 5/5 mice.
Expression of many genes was affected by mir-122 deletion. Pronounced changes are found in genes contributing to inflammation, cholestasis, fetal antigens, loss-of-imprinting and most importantly, expression of genes for metabolism of lipid and carbonhydrate are downregulated. The drastic change of transcriptome likely contributes to the pathological features presented in mir-122 knockout mice. We believe that 122KO mouse is a potential model for human HCC. This mouse model will provide a great opportunity to evaluate the physiological functions of mir-122 in hepatocyte differentiation.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4705. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4705
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sheng-Da Hsu
- 2National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Sui Hsu
- 1National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Michael Hsiao
- 4Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taiwan
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Hsu SD, Lin FM, Wu WY, Liang C, Huang WC, Chan WL, Tsai WT, Chen GZ, Lee CJ, Chiu CM, Chien CH, Wu MC, Huang CY, Tsou AP, Huang HD. miRTarBase: a database curates experimentally validated microRNA-target interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 39:D163-9. [PMID: 21071411 PMCID: PMC3013699 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 938] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), i.e. small non-coding RNA molecules (∼22 nt), can bind to one or more target sites on a gene transcript to negatively regulate protein expression, subsequently controlling many cellular mechanisms. A current and curated collection of miRNA–target interactions (MTIs) with experimental support is essential to thoroughly elucidating miRNA functions under different conditions and in different species. As a database, miRTarBase has accumulated more than 3500 MTIs by manually surveying pertinent literature after data mining of the text systematically to filter research articles related to functional studies of miRNAs. Generally, the collected MTIs are validated experimentally by reporter assays, western blot, or microarray experiments with overexpression or knockdown of miRNAs. miRTarBase curates 3576 experimentally verified MTIs between 657 miRNAs and 2297 target genes among 17 species. miRTarBase contains the largest amount of validated MTIs by comparing with other similar, previously developed databases. The MTIs collected in the miRTarBase can also provide a large amount of positive samples to develop computational methods capable of identifying miRNA–target interactions. miRTarBase is now available on http://miRTarBase.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/, and is updated frequently by continuously surveying research articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Taiwan
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17
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Hsu SD, Chu CH, Tsou AP, Chen SJ, Chen HC, Hsu PWC, Wong YH, Chen YH, Chen GH, Huang HD. miRNAMap 2.0: genomic maps of microRNAs in metazoan genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 2007; 36:D165-9. [PMID: 18029362 PMCID: PMC2238982 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkm1012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that can negatively regulate gene expression and thus control numerous cellular mechanisms. This work develops a resource, miRNAMap 2.0, for collecting experimentally verified microRNAs and experimentally verified miRNA target genes in human, mouse, rat and other metazoan genomes. Three computational tools, miRanda, RNAhybrid and TargetScan, were employed to identify miRNA targets in 3'-UTR of genes as well as the known miRNA targets. Various criteria for filtering the putative miRNA targets are applied to reduce the false positive prediction rate of miRNA target sites. Additionally, miRNA expression profiles can provide valuable clues on the characteristics of miRNAs, including tissue specificity and differential expression in cancer/normal cell. Therefore, quantitative polymerase chain reaction experiments were performed to monitor the expression profiles of 224 human miRNAs in 18 major normal tissues in human. The negative correlation between the miRNA expression profile and the expression profiles of its target genes typically helps to elucidate the regulatory functions of the miRNA. The interface is also redesigned and enhanced. The miRNAMap 2.0 is now available at http://miRNAMap.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 300, Institute of Biotechnology in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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18
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Chang HM, Hsieh HF, Hsu SD, Liao GS, Lin CH, Hsieh CB, Yu JC. Guidewire assisted cephalic vein cutdown for insertion of totally implantable access ports. J Surg Oncol 2007; 95:156-7. [PMID: 17262733 DOI: 10.1002/jso.20584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Totally implantable access ports (TIAP) placed by the cephalic vein cutdown technique have high failure rates. METHODS We describe a guidewire assisted technique of the cephalic vein cutdown for TIAP placement that can be easily introduced catheter when difficulties in insertion of the catheter. The key point of the presented technique is the use of J guidewire to go beyond the stenosis and advancement of catheter through the guidewire into the superior vena cava. RESULTS We used this technique for introducing the catheter in six patients without failure or complication. CONCLUSION The presented technique is easy and simple. It can be used where there are difficulties in insertion of the catheter by cephalic vein cutdown method.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Chang
- Department of Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Nei Hu, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in various biological processes by suppressing gene expression. A recent work has indicated that host miRNAs are also capable of regulating viral gene expression by targeting the virus genomes. To investigate regulatory relationships between host miRNAs and related viruses, we present a novel database, namely ViTa, to curate the known virus miRNA genes and the known/putative target sites of human, mice, rat and chicken miRNAs. Known miRNAs are obtained from miRBase. Virus data are collected and referred from ICTVdB, VBRC and VirGen. Experimentally validated miRNA targets on viruses were derived from literatures. Then, miRanda and TargetScan are utilized to predict miRNA targets within virus genomes. ViTa also provides the virus annotations, virus-infected tissues and tissue specificity of host miRNAs. This work also facilitates the comparisons between subtypes of viruses, such as influenza viruses, human liver viruses and the conserved regions between viruses. Both textual and graphical web interfaces are provided to facilitate the data retrieves in the ViTa database. The database is now freely available at .
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Wei-Che Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Zen Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Justin Bo-Kai Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
- Core Facility for Structural Bioinformatics, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +886 3 5712121, ext. 56952; Fax: +886 3 5729288;
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Hsu PW, Huang HD, Hsu SD, Lin LZ, Tsou AP, Tseng CP, Stadler PF, Washietl S, Hofacker IL. miRNAMap: genomic maps of microRNA genes and their target genes in mammalian genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 34:D135-9. [PMID: 16381831 PMCID: PMC1347497 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkj135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent work has demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in critical biological processes by suppressing the translation of coding genes. This work develops an integrated database, miRNAMap, to store the known miRNA genes, the putative miRNA genes, the known miRNA targets and the putative miRNA targets. The known miRNA genes in four mammalian genomes such as human, mouse, rat and dog are obtained from miRBase, and experimentally validated miRNA targets are identified in a survey of the literature. Putative miRNA precursors were identified by RNAz, which is a non-coding RNA prediction tool based on comparative sequence analysis. The mature miRNA of the putative miRNA genes is accurately determined using a machine learning approach, mmiRNA. Then, miRanda was applied to predict the miRNA targets within the conserved regions in 3'-UTR of the genes in the four mammalian genomes. The miRNAMap also provides the expression profiles of the known miRNAs, cross-species comparisons, gene annotations and cross-links to other biological databases. Both textual and graphical web interface are provided to facilitate the retrieval of data from the miRNAMap. The database is freely available at http://mirnamap.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W.C. Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Tel: +886-3-5712121 Ext. 56952;
| | - Sheng-Da Hsu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Zen Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ann-Ping Tsou
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Ping Tseng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung UniversityHsin-Chu 300, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Biotechnology in Medicine, National Yang-Ming UniversityTaipei 112, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Peter F. Stadler
- Department of Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Center of Bioinformatics, University of LeipzigGermany
| | - Stefan Washietl
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of ViennaAustria
| | - Ivo L. Hofacker
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of ViennaAustria
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21
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Omata Y, Lewis JB, Rotenberg S, Lockwood PE, Messer RLW, Noda M, Hsu SD, Sano H, Wataha JC. Intra- and extracellular reactive oxygen species generated by blue light. J Biomed Mater Res A 2006; 77:470-7. [PMID: 16482554 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Blue light from dental photopolymerization devices has significant biological effects on cells. These effects may alter normal cell function of tissues exposed during placement of oral restorations, but recent data suggest that some light-induced effects may also be therapeutically useful, for example in the treatment of epithelial cancers. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) appear to mediate blue light effects in cells, but the sources of ROS (intra- versus extracellular) and their respective roles in the cellular response to blue light are not known. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that intra- and extracellular sources of blue light-generated ROS synergize to depress mitochondrial function. Normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSC2) cells were exposed to blue light (380-500 nm; 5-60 J/cm(2)) from a dental photopolymerization source (quartz-tungsten-halogen, 550 mW/cm(2)). Light was applied in cell-culture media or balanced salt solutions with or without cells present. Intracellular ROS levels were estimated using the dihydrofluorescein diacetate (DFDA) assay; extracellular ROS levels were estimated using the leucocrystal violet assay. Cell response was estimated using the MTT mitochondrial activity assay. Blue light increased intracellular ROS equally in both NHEK and OSC2. Blue light also increased ROS levels in cell-free MEM or salt solutions, and riboflavin supplements increased ROS formation. Extracellularly applied ROS rapidly (50-400 muM, <1 min) increased intracellular ROS levels, which were higher and longer-lived in NHEK than OSC2. The type of cell-culture medium significantly affected the ability of blue light to suppress cellular mitochondrial activity; the greatest suppression was observed in DMEM-containing or NHEK media. Collectively, the data support our hypothesis that intra- and extracellularly generated ROS synergize to affect cellular mitochondrial suppression of tumor cells in response to blue light. However, the identity of blue light targets that mediate these changes remain unclear. These data support additional investigations into the risks of coincident exposure of tissues to blue light during material polymerization of restorative materials, and possible therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Omata
- Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Hu CR, Matinyan SG, Müller B, Trayanov A, Gould TM, Hsu SD, Poppitz ER. Wave packet dynamics in Yang-Mills theory. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1995; 52:2402-2411. [PMID: 10019455 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.52.2402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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23
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Hsu SD. Nonperturbative decoupling and effective field theory. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1995; 51:1395-1401. [PMID: 10018599 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.51.1395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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24
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25
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Boyd CG, Brahm DE, Hsu SD. Corrections to the electroweak effective action at finite temperature. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1993; 48:4952-4962. [PMID: 10016149 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.48.4952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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27
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Abstract
Maternal malnutrition late in pregnancy results in the reduced storage of fetal hepatic glycogen in the final days of gestation and an accentuation of normal birth-related hypoglycemia. It was of interest to determine whether or not low glycogen levels resulted when maternal malnutrition disrupted the normal ontogeny of fetal hepatic glycogen synthase, an important glycogenic enzyme. A defect in this enzyme would be expected to seriously affect prenatal and postnatal glycogen synthesis. For this study, livers were removed from fetuses from malnourished (50% of normal dietary intake) mice, as well as from ad libitum-fed mice, and used for the determination of hepatic glycogen, glycogen synthase activity, and glycogen synthase protein levels. In this paper we report that maternal dietary restriction late in pregnancy produces growth-retarded fetuses with severely reduced hepatic glycogen levels, but the normal ontogenic changes in the quantity and activity of hepatic glycogen synthase were not affected. It is especially significant that the accumulation of glycogen synthase occurred despite the minimal level of natural substrate available for the enzyme. These results suggest that the accumulation and activity of hepatic glycogen synthase during late gestation is related to developmental events rather than levels of substrate or glycogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Hsu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio 45267
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Holman R, Hsu SD, Kolb EW, Watkins R, Widrow LM. Cosmological texture is sensitive to Planck-scale physics. Phys Rev Lett 1992; 69:1489-1492. [PMID: 10046235 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Cole MF, Hsu SD, Sheridan MJ, Stiles HM. Natural transmission of Streptococcus sobrinus in rats: saliva and serum antibody responses to colonization. Infect Immun 1992; 60:778-83. [PMID: 1531814 PMCID: PMC257554 DOI: 10.1128/iai.60.3.778-783.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
One hundred and twenty weanling rats fed diet NIH 2000 that were free of Streptococcus sobrinus and other mutans streptococci were employed in this study. Sixty rats were inoculated orally with S. sobrinus 6715. Each infected rat (donor) was paired and housed with an uninfected recipient. Saliva and serum samples were collected from 24 (12 donor and 12 recipient) rats at the baseline (day 0) and from groups of 12 recipients sacrificed on days 10, 24, 38, and 52, and the level of infection with S. sobrinus was monitored. Salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG and serum IgM and IgG antibodies reactive with whole cells (WC), glucosyltransferase (GTF), and the serotype carbohydrate (g) of S. sobrinus were measured by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Although the rats were free of S. sobrinus and other mutans streptococci at baseline, they exhibited salivary IgA and serum IgM antibodies reactive with S. sobrinus WC, GTF, and g and serum IgG antibodies reactive with WC and GTF. Infection of recipients with S. sobrinus did not induce salivary antibodies reactive with WC, GTF, or g. In contrast, increases in serum IgM and IgG antibodies reactive with WC and serum IgM antibodies reactive with g were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Cole
- Department of Microbiology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C. 20007
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31
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Cisar JO, Barsumian EL, Siraganian RP, Clark WB, Yeung MK, Hsu SD, Curl SH, Vatter AE, Sandberg AL. Immunochemical and functional studies of Actinomyces viscosus T14V type 1 fimbriae with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies directed against the fimbrial subunit. J Gen Microbiol 1991; 137:1971-9. [PMID: 1683401 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-137-8-1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Each of five monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) prepared against the type 1 fimbriae of Actinomyces viscosus T14V reacted with a 54 kDa cloned protein previously identified as a fimbrial subunit. This purified protein completely inhibited the reaction of a specific anti-type-1-fimbria rabbit antibody with A. viscosus whole cells. Maximum values for the number of antibody molecules bound per bacterial cell ranged from 7 x 10(3) to 1.2 x 10(4) for the different 125I-labelled mAbs and was approximately 7 x 10(4) for 125I-labelled rabbit IgG or Fab against either type 1 fimbriae or the 54 kDa cloned protein. Although the different mAbs, either individually or as a mixture, failed to inhibit the type-1-fimbria-mediated adherence of A. viscosus T14V to saliva-treated hydroxyapatite, each rabbit antibody gave 50% inhibition of adherence when approximately 5 x 10(4) molecules of IgG were bound per cell. However, binding of each corresponding rabbit Fab had no significant effect on bacterial attachment unless much higher concentrations were used. These findings suggest that antibodies directed solely against the 54 kDa fimbrial subunit do not react with the putative receptor binding sites of A. viscosus T14V type 1 fimbriae. Instead, inhibition of attachment by the polyclonal antibodies may depend on an indirect effect of antibody binding that prevents the fimbria-receptor interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Cisar
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology, National Institute of Dental Research, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Brahm DE, Hall LJ, Hsu SD. Ruling out large sneutrino vacuum expectation values. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1990; 42:1860-1862. [PMID: 10013033 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.42.1860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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34
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Hsu SD, Jaspers SR, Davis BB, Cardell RR, Miller TB, Drake RL. Appearance of a nonfunctional isozyme of hepatic glycogen synthase in late gestation. Arch Biochem Biophys 1990; 281:152-6. [PMID: 2116768 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(90)90425-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen levels, glycogen synthase activities, and glycogen synthase protein levels were determined in liver tissues obtained from 14- to 19-day-old fetal mice, newborn mice, and adult mice. The results of these experiments demonstrate a significant increase in the quantity of hepatic glycogen synthase beginning at Day 17 of gestation and reaching adult levels at birth. However, during the same time period, there is a dramatic decrease in total glycogen synthase activity suggesting that the accumulating glycogen synthase molecules are unable to transfer UDP-glucose to glycogen. These inversely coordinated changes in the quantity and activity of glycogen synthase are consistent with the suggestion that glycogen synthesis in the near-term fetal mouse is being maintained by preexisting enzyme, while accumulating enzyme molecules may represent a quiescent isozyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Hsu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio
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Abstract
The structural integrity of immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and IgM and lactoferrin in dental plaque fluid samples from two populations of Colombian children with contrasting levels of dental caries was examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by electrophoretic transfer to nitrocellulose. The immune factors or their fragments or both were detected with monospecific antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. All the immune factors examined were extensively degraded, although there appeared to be small amounts of intact IgA and IgG in some samples. Analysis of the samples with antibody to secretory component showed that secretory IgA as well as serum IgA was degraded. IgG appeared to be cleaved into two major fragments, one fragment having a relative mobility similar to the F(ab')2 fragment of IgG and the other a relative mobility slightly greater than Fc. IgM and lactoferrin were virtually completely degraded. There was no apparent relationship between the fragmentation patterns of IgA and IgG in the plaque fluid samples from the two communities and their susceptibility to dental caries.
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Abstract
A sixth case in the world literature is reported of a 59-year-old male with diabetes insipidus (DI) associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The patient is unique in that his CML was diagnosed 10 years before he presented with vasopressin-responsive DI. Radiation to the central nervous system failed to reduce the daily requirement of his need for vasopressin.
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Abstract
Groups of rats immunized in the vicinity of the major salivary glands or immunized intraperitoneally with Actinomyces viscosus T6 and their sham-immunized controls were infected with the homologous bacterium. Significantly higher levels of salivary and serum antibody were induced by intraperitoneal than by salivary gland immunization. There were also significant inverse correlations between the levels of salivary and serum antibody and the levels of implantation of A. viscosus T6. The level of implantation of A. viscosus T6 was significantly lower in the immunized animals than in the controls. However, antibody had limited capacity to inhibit the establishment of this bacterium.
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Cole MF, Emilson CG, Hsu SD, Li SH, Bowen WH. Effect of peroral immunization of humans with Streptococcus mutans on induction of salivary and serum antibodies and inhibition of experimental infection. Infect Immun 1984; 46:703-9. [PMID: 6389359 PMCID: PMC261601 DOI: 10.1128/iai.46.3.703-709.1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring antibodies reactive with Streptococcus mutans whole cells were assayed in whole saliva, parotid saliva, and blood samples collected from eight human volunteers. The levels and serotypes of indigenous S. mutans in plaque and whole saliva samples were also determined. After baseline sampling the teeth were cleaned and the subjects were inoculated with streptomycin-resistant S. mutans strains Ingbritt (serotype c) and OMZ65 (serotype g). The level of implantation and duration of colonization were determined in plaque and saliva, and antibodies reactive with these strains were monitored in saliva and serum. After the implanted bacteria were shed, the subjects wee immunized by the daily ingestion of an enteric-coated capsule containing 25 mg of Formalin-killed, freeze-dried OMZ65 cells for 3 days and inoculation was repeated. The levels of antibodies and of implantation and the duration of colonization were monitored as before. One month after the bacteria could no longer be detected, the immunization and inoculation cycle was repeated except that the subjects were immunized for 7 days. Five of the eight subjects were successfully colonized by strains Ingbritt and OMZ65. The remaining three did not become colonized with either strain. Strain OMZ65 implanted at a higher level than did strain Ingbritt. Oral immunization did not result in a detectable antibody response in saliva or serum to whole bacterial cells. However, after both the first and second immunizations there were marked reductions in the peak levels of infection and the duration of colonization of both OMZ65 and Ingbritt.
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Abstract
A modification of the DMF protocol was used to treat 14 patients with hormone-refractory adenocarcinoma of the prostate. A subjective response of pain relief occurred in 71 per cent (10/14) of the patients. The median duration of the response in these patients was 4.2 months, and their median survival was 248 days. No patient experienced either an objective complete or partial response based on the criteria of the NPCP. However, an objective stable response was produced in 36 per cent (5/14) of the patients, and their median survival was 330 days. Patients entering the study with a performance status of less than or equal to 2 exhibited a longer median survival than patients with a performance status greater than 2. This regimen of 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), and mitomycin C is reasonably well tolerated and appears to warrant consideration as a palliative therapeutic alternative in hormone-resistant prostate cancer.
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Mansouri A, Perry CA, Boyd CM, Hsu SD. Eosinophilic granulocytes as a possible source of vitamin B12-binding protein. Scand J Haematol 1983; 31:507-9. [PMID: 6580720 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1983.tb01553.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Leucocyte B12 and B12-binding capacity were measured by Simultrac radioassay in eosinophilic granulocytes, neutrophilic granulocytes and leucocytes obtained from patients with chronic granulocytic and lymphocytic leukaemia. It is shown that (a) eosinophils are a possible source of B12-binding protein similar to neutrophils and (b) granulocytes in myeloproliferative disorders and normal neutrophils have similar B12 and B12-binding capacity indicating that increased B12 and B12-binding capacity in myeloproliferative disorders arise from an increase in myeloid cell turnover.
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Cole MF, Hsu SD, Bowen WH. A fluorescein-linked immunoabsorbent assay for the detection of antibacterial antibodies in secretions and serum. J Immunol Methods 1982; 53:335-43. [PMID: 6754816 DOI: 10.1016/0022-1759(82)90180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, quantitative solid-phase immunofluorescence assay has been developed to measure antibodies reactive with Streptococcus mutans in saliva and serum. Formalin killed bacteria were adsorbed to cellulose acetate discs and antibodies bound to the antigen-coated immunoabsorbent were detected by use of fluorescein-labeled antibody to human immunoglobulin isotypes. Quantitation was performed by placing the immunoabsorbent discs in a fluorometer. Low levels of naturally occurring antibodies reactive with S. mutans were easily detected in saliva and serum from normal human subjects.
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Cole MF, Hsu SD, Baum BJ, Bowen WH, Sierra LI, Aquirre M, Gillespie G. Specific and nonspecific immune factors in dental plaque fluid and saliva from young and old populations. Infect Immun 1981; 31:998-1002. [PMID: 7228411 PMCID: PMC351417 DOI: 10.1128/iai.31.3.998-1002.1981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Separate samples of supragingival dental plaque overtly free of blood were centrifuged to obtain the free fluid phase (plaque fluid). Bound protein was eluted from the plaque bacteria and matrix by washing the plaque with a low-pH buffer. The plaque fluid, low pH eluate, and whole saliva were assayed for immunoglobulins A, G, and M, the third component of complement, lysozyme, lactoferrin, and lactoperoxidase. Concentrations of total protein and albumin were also determined. Antibody reactive with specific plaque bacteria was detected by indirect immunofluorescent microscopy. Specific and nonspecific immune proteins were present in plaque fluid from adult subjects at significantly greater concentrations than in their saliva, which suggests that these proteins are concentrated in dental plaque. The results indicate that both saliva and gingival exudate contribute to the immunological proteins found in the free fluid phase of dental plaque. The observation that immunoglobulin A antibody reactive with plaque bacteria could be detected in plaque fluid suggests that a wide variety of immunological reactions may occur in the dental plaque. These potential interactions between host, plaque bacteria, and their products could serve to influence the plaque flora and its ability to induce disease.
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Abstract
A 64-year-old male with recurrent metastatic squamous cell carcinoma was successfully treated with intensive combination chemotherapy. His complete remission was maintained with a nitrosourea, nitrogen mustard and methotrexate for 3 years. While in remission the patient developed acute leukemia. It appears that this secondary malignancy was due to his prolonged chemotherapy.
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Abstract
The Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome is a rare, genectically inherited disorder. There are insufficient data to establish this syndrome as a precancerous condition, but documented cases of gastrointestinal cancer arising in this syndrome have been reported with an incidence of 2--3%. Since the syndrome is transmitted as an autosomal dominant and is associated with cancer, family members so afflicted may show an increased cancer risk. This is the first reported case of a father and son with both Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome and colonic carcinoma.
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Hsu SD, May JT, Weiss GB, Costanzi JJ, Slavin RE. Leukostasis in Sézary syndrome. JAMA 1979; 241:2378-9. [PMID: 439311 DOI: 10.1001/jama.1979.03290480012005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Hoffman R, Kopel S, Hsu SD, Dainiak N, Zanjani ED. T cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: presence in bone marrow and peripheral blood of cells that suppress erythropoiesis in vitro. Blood 1978; 52:255-60. [PMID: 306845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of the anemia associated with malignancy was investigated in a patient with T cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The plasma clot culture system was used as a measure in vitro of erythropoiesis. The patient's peripheral blood and marrow T lymphocytes obtained both before and after transfusion therapy suppressed erythroid colony formation by normal human bone marrow cells. Pretreatment of the patient's bone marrow T cells by antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and complement reversed this suppression. In addition, pretreatment of the patient's marrow cells with ATG and complement markedly augmented erythropoiesis in vitro. The expression of erythroid activity caused by the selective destruction of the suppressor T lymphocytes in the patient's bone marrow with ATG and the suppression of normal erythropoiesis by the patient's bone marrow and peripheral blood lymphocytes suggest that interaction between the malignant T cell and the erythropoietin-responsive stem cell is important in production of anemia in this patient.
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Ciardi JE, Bowen WH, Reilly JA, Hsu SD, Gomez I, Kuzmiak-Jones H, Cole MF. Antigens of Streptococcus mutans implicated in virulence--production of antibodies. Adv Exp Med Biol 1978; 107:281-92. [PMID: 105569 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3369-2_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present studies assayed antibody activities in serum and saliva of animals immunized by different routes, with cells of S. mutans or cell-free preparations containing GTF, FTF, LTA and/or dextranase synthesized by S. mutans. The results show that the type of immunogenic preparation and the route of its administration can elicit different antibody response and may in part explain the disparity of results achieved by different investigators. The results further emphasize the need to use standardized preparations and carefully described protocols for vaccination.
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