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Alqahtani JS, Aldhahir AM, Alghamdi SM, Al Ghamdi SS, AlDraiwiesh IA, Alsulayyim AS, Alqahtani AS, Alobaidi NY, Al Saikhan L, AlRabeeah SM, Alzahrani EM, Heubel AD, Mendes RG, Alqarni AA, Alanazi AM, Oyelade T. A systematic review and meta-analysis of heart rate variability in COPD. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1070327. [PMID: 36873414 PMCID: PMC9981678 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1070327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with disruption in autonomic nervous control of the heart rhythm. We present here quantitative evidence of the reduction in HRV measures as well as the challenges to clinical application of HRV in COPD clinics. Method Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we search in June 2022 Medline and Embase databases for studies reporting HRV in COPD patients using relevant medical subject headings (MeSH) terms. The quality of included studies was assessed using the modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Descriptive data were extracted, while standardized mean difference was computed for changes in HRV due to COPD. Leave-one-out sensitivity test was performed to assess exaggerated effect size and funnel plots to assess publication bias. Results The databases search yielded 512 studies, of which we included 27 that met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the studies (73%) had a low risk of bias and included a total of 839 COPD patients. Although there were high between-studies heterogeneity, HRV time and frequency domains were significantly reduced in COPD patients compared with controls. Sensitivity test showed no exaggerated effect sizes and the funnel plot showed general low publication bias. Conclusion COPD is associated with autonomic nervous dysfunction as measured by HRV. Both sympathetic and parasympathetic cardiac modulation were decreased, but there is still a predominance of sympathetic activity. There is high variability in the HRV measurement methodology, which affects clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber S Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah M Aldhahir
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M Alghamdi
- Respiratory Care Program, Clinical Technology Department, College of Applied Health Science, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shouq S Al Ghamdi
- Anesthesia Technology Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A AlDraiwiesh
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S Alsulayyim
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abdullah S Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nowaf Y Alobaidi
- Respiratory Therapy Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamia Al Saikhan
- Department of Cardiac Technology, College of Applied Medial Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M AlRabeeah
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eidan M Alzahrani
- Physical Therapy Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alessandro D Heubel
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata G Mendes
- Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Abdullah A Alqarni
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Alanazi
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tope Oyelade
- UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, London, United Kingdom
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Alqahtani JS, Aldhahir AM, Al Ghamdi SS, Aldakhil AM, Al-Otaibi HM, AlRabeeah SM, Alzahrani EM, Elsafi SH, Alqahtani AS, Al-maqati TN, Alnasser M, Alnaam YA, Alzahrani EM, Alwafi H, Almotairi W, Oyelade T. Teaching faculty perceptions, attitudes, challenges, and satisfaction of online teaching during COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia: A national survey. Front Educ 2022; 7. [DOI: 10.3389/feduc.2022.1015163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and associated preventative measures introduced a shock to the teaching paradigm in Saudi Arabia and the world. While many studies have documented the challenges and perceptions of students during the COVID-19 pandemic, less attention has been given to higher education staff. The aim of the present investigation is to evaluate the staff’s perception and experiences of online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic.Materials and methodsA validated survey was conducted between December 2021 and June 2022 in Saudi Arabian Universities to assess the status of online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic among faculty members. The collected responses were exploratively and statistically analyzed.ResultsA total of 1117 response was received. About 66% of the respondents were male and 90% of them hold postgraduate degree. Although rarely or occasionally teach online pre-COVID-19, only 33% of the respondents think the transition was difficult and 55% of them support the move. Most respondents received adequate training (68%) and tools (80%) and 88% of the respondents mentioned that they did not accrue additional workload in online study design. While the perception of online teaching was mostly positive (62%) with high satisfaction (71%). However, 25% of the respondents reported that a poor internet bandwidth was an obstacle and 20% was unable to track students’ engagement. Respondents with more years of experience, previous training, support, or perceived online transition as easy were also more likely to be satisfied with the process. Also, older respondents, those who support the transition and those with previous training were less likely to report barriers (allp< 0.001).ConclusionThe perception and experience of transition to online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia were positive. Low internet bandwidth and inability to track students’ limited effective online teaching. Work experience, previous training, and positive perception are the main factors that influence staff online teaching satisfaction.
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Alqahtani JS, Aldhahir AM, Al Ghamdi SS, AlBahrani S, AlDraiwiesh IA, Alqarni AA, Latief K, Raya RP, Oyelade T. Inhaled Nitric Oxide for Clinical Management of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:12803. [PMID: 36232100 PMCID: PMC9566710 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe COVID-19 is associated with hypoxemia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which may predispose multiorgan failure and death. Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is a clinical vasodilator used in the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study evaluated the response rate to iNO in patients with COVID-19-ARDS. METHOD We searched Medline and Embase databases in May 2022, and data on the use of iNO in the treatment of ARDS in COVID-19 patients were synthesized from studies that satisfied predefined inclusion criteria. A systematic synthesis of data was performed followed by meta-analysis. We performed the funnel plot and leave-one-out sensitivity test on the included studies to assess publication bias and possible exaggerated effect size. We compared the effect size of the studies from the Unites States with those from other countries and performed meta-regression to assess the effect of age, year of publication, and concomitant vasodilator use on the effect size. RESULTS A total of 17 studies (including 712 COVID-19 patients) were included in this systematic review of which 8 studies (involving 265 COVID-19 patients) were subjected to meta-analysis. The overall response rate was 66% (95% CI, 47-84%) with significantly high between-studies heterogeneity (I2 = 94%, p < 0.001). The funnel plot showed publication bias, although the sensitivity test using leave-one-out analysis showed that removing any of the study does not remove the significance of the result. The response rate was higher in the Unites States, and meta-regression showed that age, year of publication, and use of concomitant vasodilators did not influence the response rate to iNO. CONCLUSION iNO therapy is valuable in the treatment of hypoxemia in COVID-19 patients and may improve systemic oxygenation in patients with COVID-19-ARDS. Future studies should investigate the mechanism of the activity of iNO in COVID-19 patients to provide insight into the unexplored potential of iNO in general ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber S. Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah M. Aldhahir
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shouq S. Al Ghamdi
- Anesthesia Technology Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma AlBahrani
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran 31932, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A. AlDraiwiesh
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alqarni
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamaluddin Latief
- Global Health and Health Security Department, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Centre for Family Welfare, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Reynie Purnama Raya
- Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK
- Faculty of Science, Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Bandung, Bandung 40264, Indonesia
| | - Tope Oyelade
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK
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AlBalawi I, Alqahtani JS, Al Ghamdi SS, Aldhahir AM, Alnasser M, Alqahtani AS, AlRabeeah SM, Alkhathami M, Almaqati TN, AlDraiwiesh IA, Al Onezei AK, Jebakumar AZ, Alzahrani YA, Oyelade T, Alzahrani EM. Health Sciences Students’ Attitude, Perception, and Experience of Using Educational Simulation in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nursing Reports 2022; 12:620-628. [PMID: 36135980 PMCID: PMC9501630 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep12030061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Simulation-based education (SBE) provides a safe, effective, and stimulating environment for training medical and healthcare students. This is especially valuable for skills that cannot be practiced on real patients due to ethical and practical reasons. We aimed to assess medical students’ attitude, perception, and experience of simulation-based medical education in Saudi Arabia. Method: A validated cross-sectional survey, using the KidSIM scale, was conducted to measure the level of perception and experience of students from different health sciences specialties toward integrating simulation as an educational tool. Participants responded to questions investigated the importance of simulation, opportunities for Inter-Professional Education (IPE), communication, roles and responsibilities, and situation awareness. Only students with previous experience of SBE were considered for participation. Result: This survey was completed by 246 participants, of whom 165 (67%) were male students and 228 (93%) were aged between the range of 18–30 years old. Of the respondents, 104 (67%) were respiratory care students, 90 (37%) were anesthesia technology students, and 45 (18%) were nursing students. Most of the participants had previous experience in IPE simulation activities (84%), and more than half of the students (54%) had a grade point average (GPA) ranging between 5.00 and 4.50. Overall, students had positive attitudes toward and beliefs about SBE, with a mean score of 129.76 ± 14.27, on the KidSIM scale, out of 150. Students’ GPA was significantly associated with a better perception to the relevance of simulation (p = 0.005), communication (p = 0.003), roles and responsibilities (p = 0.04), and situation awareness (p = 0.009). GPA is merely the sole predictor for positive attitude toward simulation with coefficient Beta value of 4.285 (p = 0.001). There were no significant correlations between other students’ characteristic variables (gender, specialty, study year, experience in IPE, and prior critical care experience). Conclusion: We found that health sciences students’ perception of SBE in Saudi Arabia is generally positive, and students’ performance is a significant determinant of the positive perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim AlBalawi
- Advanced Clinical Simulation Center, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaber S. Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or
| | - Shouq S. Al Ghamdi
- Anesthesia Technology Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah M. Aldhahir
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musallam Alnasser
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S. Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M. AlRabeeah
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alkhathami
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thekra N. Almaqati
- Clinical Laboratory Science Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Science, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A. AlDraiwiesh
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameera K. Al Onezei
- Nursing Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Science, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arulanantham Zechariah Jebakumar
- Vice Deanship of Post Graduate Studies and Research, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Science, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya A. Alzahrani
- Respiratory Care Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tope Oyelade
- Division of Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Eidan M. Alzahrani
- Department of Physical Therapy, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia
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