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Marigoudar JB, Sarkar D, Yuguda YM, Abutayeh RF, Kaur A, Pati A, Mitra D, Ghosh A, Banerjee D, Borah S, Barman K, Das B, Khairnar SJ, Šeherčehajić E, Kumar S. Role of vitamin D in targeting cancer and cancer stem cell populations and its therapeutic implications. Med Oncol 2022; 40:2. [PMID: 36308576 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01855-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is recognized globally as the second-most dominating and leading cause of morbidities. Fighting the global health epidemic threat posed by cancer requires progress and improvements in imaging techniques, surgical techniques, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The existence of a small subpopulation of undifferentiated cells known as cancer stem cells has been supported by accumulating evidence and ongoing research. According to clinical data, cancer recurrence, tumor development, and metastasis are thought to be caused by CSCs. Nutritional or dietary supplements can help you to fight against cancer and cope with the treatment side effects. Vitamin D, sometimes known as the sunshine vitamin, is produced in the skin in reaction to sunlight. Vitamin D deficiency is hazardous to any degree, increasing the risk of diseases such as cancer and disorders like osteoporosis. Bioactive vitamin D, or calcitriol, regulates several biological pathways. Many modes of action of Vitamin D might be helpful in protecting somatic stem cells (e.g., DNA damage repair and oxidative stress protection) or restricting cancer stem cell growth (e.g., cell cycle arrest, cell apoptosis). Researchers have recently begun to investigate the inhibitory effects of dietary vitamin D on cancer stem cells. In this review, we investigated the therapeutic impact of vitamin D and its molecular processes to target cancer and cancer stem cells as well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diptendu Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology, Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandira, Belur Math, Haora, West Bengal, 711202, India
| | - Yakubu Magaji Yuguda
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Federal Polytechnic, Kaltungo, Gombe State, Nigeria
| | - Reem Fawaz Abutayeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, 11931, Jordan
| | - Avneet Kaur
- SGT College of Pharmacy SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122505, India
| | - Ankita Pati
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology (IMS & SUM HOSPITAL), Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Jagamara, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751030, India
| | - Disha Mitra
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Calcutta, 700073, India
| | - Animikha Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University Barasat, Calcutta, 700126, India
| | - Debashis Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Atmiya University, "Yogidham Gurukul", Kalawad Road, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India
| | - Sudarshana Borah
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Baridua, Meghalaya, 793101, India
| | - Kamallochan Barman
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Baridua, Meghalaya, 793101, India
| | - Bhanita Das
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Baridua, Meghalaya, 793101, India
| | | | - Emir Šeherčehajić
- Faculty of Health Studies, University of Sarajevo, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Shivam Kumar
- School of Biological Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, England.
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Pasala PK, Abbas Shaik R, Rudrapal M, Khan J, Alaidarous MA, Jagdish Khairnar S, Bendale AR, Naphade VD, Kumar Sahoo R, Zothantluanga JH, Walode SG. Cerebroprotective effect of Aloe Emodin: In silico and in vivo studies. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:998-1005. [PMID: 35197769 PMCID: PMC8847932 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study involved cerebroprotective potential of aloe emodin (AE) by in silico molecular docking analysis against various cerebrotoxic proteins followed by in vivo activity on multiple occlusions and reperfusion of bilateral carotid arteries (MO/RCA) induced cerebral injury in experimental rats. Molecular docking studies were carried out to evaluate the binding affinity (or binding interaction) between AE and various proteins involved in apoptosis such as caspase-3 (CASP3) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), and proteins involved in inflammation such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) and glutamate receptor (GR) involved in cerebral stroke, and results were compared with that of standard drugs, minocycline, quercetin, and memantine. Cerebral ischemic reperfusion induced by MO/RCA was assessed for 10 mins reperfusion period as one cycle, and the experiment was conducted for up to 3 cycles in rats. After completion of 3 cycles, the rats were subjected to ethically acceptable animal euthanasia followed by isolation of the brains which were studied for the size of cerebral infarction, and biochemical parameters such as glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) were estimated from the brain homogenate. Further, histological studies were done to study neuronal contact. Results of molecular docking indicated that the AE exhibited interaction with active sites of cerebrotoxic proteins usually involved in protein functions or cerebrotoxicity. Biochemical results showed that in the untreated brain, MDA levels increased significantly, and decreased GSH and CAT levels were observed when compared to MO/RCA group, while treated rats showed a decrease in the levels of MDA and an increase in GSH and CAT levels as compared to MO/RCA rats. In comparison with sham rats and normal rats, histopathological analysis revealed neuronal damage in MO/RCA surgery rats which manifested as decreased intact neurons. However, treatment with AE 50 mg/kg b.wt. restored contact between neuronal cells. It can be concluded that AE showed cerebroprotective effect on RO/RCA with promising inhibition of cerebrotoxic proteins (apoptotic and neuroinflammatory) as evident from molecular docking studies. The cerebroprotective potential of AE could be due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic principles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rizwaan Abbas Shaik
- Creative Educational Society's College of Pharmacy, Kurnool 518003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Mithun Rudrapal
- Rasiklal M. Dhariwal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Pune 411019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.,Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Alaidarous
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.,Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Atul R Bendale
- Sandip Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nashik 422213, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vaishali D Naphade
- Department of Pharmacy, Oriental University, Indore 453555, Madhya Pradesh, India.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sandip University, Nashik 422213, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ranjan Kumar Sahoo
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
| | - James H Zothantluanga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, Assam, India
| | - Sanjay G Walode
- Rasiklal M. Dhariwal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Pune 411019, Maharashtra, India
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Rudrapal M, Khan J, Dukhyil AAB, Alarousy RMII, Attah EI, Sharma T, Khairnar SJ, Bendale AR. Chalcone Scaffolds, Bioprecursors of Flavonoids: Chemistry, Bioactivities, and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2021; 26:7177. [PMID: 34885754 PMCID: PMC8659147 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chalcones are secondary metabolites belonging to the flavonoid (C6-C3-C6 system) family that are ubiquitous in edible and medicinal plants, and they are bioprecursors of plant flavonoids. Chalcones and their natural derivatives are important intermediates of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. Plants containing chalcones have been used in traditional medicines since antiquity. Chalcones are basically α,β-unsaturated ketones that exert great diversity in pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, antitubercular, antiplasmodial, antileishmanial, immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, and so on. This review provides an insight into the chemistry, biosynthesis, and occurrence of chalcones from natural sources, particularly dietary and medicinal plants. Furthermore, the pharmacological, pharmacokinetics, and toxicological aspects of naturally occurring chalcone derivatives are also discussed herein. In view of having tremendous pharmacological potential, chalcone scaffolds/chalcone derivatives and bioflavonoids after subtle chemical modification could serve as a reliable platform for natural products-based drug discovery toward promising drug lead molecules/drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rasiklal M. Dhariwal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Pune 411019, India
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (J.K.); (R.M.I.I.A.)
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Aziz Bin Dukhyil
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (J.K.); (R.M.I.I.A.)
| | - Randa Mohammed Ibrahim Ismail Alarousy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (J.K.); (R.M.I.I.A.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Veterinary Researches, National Research Center, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Emmanuel Ifeanyi Attah
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria;
| | - Tripti Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751003, India;
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