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Liu RH, Zhang M, Xue M, Wang T, Lu JS, Li XH, Chen YX, Fan K, Shi W, Zhou SB, Chen QY, Kang L, Song Q, Yu S, Zhuo M. Inhibiting neuronal AC1 for treating anxiety and headache in the animal model of migraine. iScience 2023; 26:106790. [PMID: 37235050 PMCID: PMC10206497 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraines are a common medical condition. From a basic science point of view, the central mechanism for migraine and headache is largely unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that cortical excitatory transmission is significantly enhanced in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)-a brain region which is critical for pain perception. Biochemical studies found that the phosphorylation levels of both the NMDA receptor GluN2B and AMPA receptor GluA1 were enhanced in ACC of migraine rats. Both the presynaptic release of glutamate and postsynaptic responses of AMPA receptors and NMDA receptors were enhanced. Synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) was occluded. Furthermore, behavioral anxiety and nociceptive responses were increased, which were reversed by application of AC1 inhibitor NB001 within ACC. Our results provide strong evidence that cortical LTPs contribute to migraine-related pain and anxiety. Drugs that inhibit cortical excitation such as NB001 may serve as potential medicines for treating migraine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Hao Liu
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao 266000, China
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mingjie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Man Xue
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao 266000, China
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jing-Shan Lu
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao 266000, China
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xu-Hui Li
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao 266000, China
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yu-Xin Chen
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao 266000, China
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Kexin Fan
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao 266000, China
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Wantong Shi
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao 266000, China
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Si-Bo Zhou
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao 266000, China
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Qi-Yu Chen
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao 266000, China
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Li Kang
- Department of Neurology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Qian Song
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Core Facilities Sharing Platform, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Shengyuan Yu
- Department of Neurology, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Min Zhuo
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao 266000, China
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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Zhou SB, Xue M, Liu W, Chen YX, Chen QY, Lu JS, Wang J, Ye K, Li XH, Zhuo M. Age-related attenuation of cortical synaptic tagging in the ACC is rescued by BDNF or a TrkB receptor agonist in both sex of mice. Mol Brain 2023; 16:4. [PMID: 36604761 PMCID: PMC9817281 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00992-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a key cellular mechanism for learning and memory, and recent studies in the hippocampus found that LTP was impaired in aged animals. Previous studies of cortical LTP have focused primarily on the homosynaptic plasticity in adult mice, while fewer studies have looked at heterosynaptic plasticity-such as synaptic tagging in aged mice. In the present study, we investigated synaptic tagging in adult and middle-aged mice's anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) using the 64-channel multielectrode dish (MED64) recording system. We found that synaptic tagging was impaired in the ACC of middle-aged male mice as compared to adult mice. Both the network late-phase LTP (L-LTP) and the recruitment of inactive responses were reduced in the ACC of middle-aged male mice. Similar results were found in female middle-aged mice, indicating that there is no gender difference. Furthermore, bath application of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or systemic treatment with newly developed TrkB receptor agonists R13, was shown to rescue both synaptic tagging, and L-LTP, in middle-aged mice. To determine the distribution of synaptic LTP within the ACC, a new visualization method was developed to map the Spatio-temporal variation of LTP in the ACC. Our results provide strong evidence that cortical potentiation and synaptic tagging show an age-dependent reduction, and point to the TrkB receptor as a potential drug target for the treatment of memory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Bo Zhou
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Man Xue
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weiqi Liu
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu-Xin Chen
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qi-Yu Chen
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao, Shandong China ,grid.458489.c0000 0001 0483 7922CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Interdisciplinary Center for Brain Information, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing-Shan Lu
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China ,Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao, Shandong China
| | - Jinjun Wang
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Keqiang Ye
- grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA USA ,grid.458489.c0000 0001 0483 7922Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu-Hui Li
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China ,Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao, Shandong China
| | - Min Zhuo
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China ,Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao, Shandong China ,grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang China ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8 Canada
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Zhang JY, Shen QQ, Wang DL, Hou JM, Xia T, Qiu S, Wang XY, Zhou SB, Yang WW, Heng SY, Lu CC, Cui L, Yin HC. Physical activity intervention promotes working memory and motor competence in preschool children. Front Public Health 2022; 10:984887. [PMID: 36225790 PMCID: PMC9549139 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.984887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the effects of 12 weeks of specifically designed physical activity intervention on working memory and motor competence in preschool children and explored the correlation between working memory changes and motor competence changes by the intervention. Methods Four classes of preschool children were grouped into an intervention group and a control group. Children in the intervention group received a 12-week physical activity intervention, while children in the control group followed their daily routine as usual. Before and after the intervention period, children were assessed with the 1-back task and Movement Assessment Battery for Children, second edition (MABC-2) to measure their working memory and motor competence, respectively. Results Regarding working memory, the accuracy on the 1-back task increased significantly in the intervention group relative to the control group. The intervention group demonstrated a greater decrease in response time from pre- to posttest than the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Regarding motor competence, children's manual dexterity, aiming and catching and total score increased significantly in the intervention group relative to the control group, while no significant difference in static and dynamic balance was observed between the two groups. Furthermore, the correlation results showed that changes in the efficacy and efficiency of working memory were positively related to changes in static and dynamic balance and the total score on the MABC-2. Conclusion These findings demonstrated that 12 weeks of specifically designed physical activity intervention could improve preschool children's efficacy of working memory as well as manual dexterity, aiming and catching and global motor competence. The improvement in the efficacy and efficiency of working memory was positively related to the improvement in static and dynamic balance and global motor competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Zhang
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Qi Shen
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Ling Wang
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Mei Hou
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Xia
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shou Qiu
- Branch School of Mingguang, Beijing Normal University Kindergarten, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ye Wang
- Branch School of Mingguang, Beijing Normal University Kindergarten, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Bo Zhou
- Branch School of Mingguang, Beijing Normal University Kindergarten, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Wen Yang
- Branch School of Mingguang, Beijing Normal University Kindergarten, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Yu Heng
- Branch School of Mingguang, Beijing Normal University Kindergarten, Beijing, China
| | - Can-Can Lu
- Branch School of Mingguang, Beijing Normal University Kindergarten, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Cui
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Lei Cui
| | - Heng-Chan Yin
- College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China,Heng-Chan Yin
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Zhou SB, Xue M, Shi W, Fan K, Chen YX, Chen QY, Wang J, Lu JS, Li XH, Zhuo M. Enhancement of behavioral nociceptive responses but not itching responses by viewing mirror images in adult mice. Mol Pain 2022; 18:17448069221111158. [PMID: 35712881 PMCID: PMC9248046 DOI: 10.1177/17448069221111158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Can mice recognize themselves in a mirror? The answer is unclear. Previous studies have reported that adult mice - when shown itch-like videos - demonstrated itch empathy. However, this was proven to be unreproducible in other studies. In the present study, we wanted to examine whether adult mice were able to recognize their mirror image. In our testing, we found that mice spent more time in the central area in an open field with mirrors surrounding the chamber than those in a normal open field. In a similar open field test with four mice placed in four directions, mice showed similar behavioral responses to those with mirrors. These results indicate that mice are able to recognize images in the mirror, however, they cannot distinguish their own mirror images from the mirror images of other mice. To repeat the experiments of itch empathy, we compared the itch responses of mice in the mirrored environment, to those without. No significant difference in itching responses was detected. Differently, in the case of chemical pain (formalin injection), animals' nociceptive responses to formalin during Phase II were significantly enhanced in the mirrored open field. A new format of heat map was developed to help the analysis of the trace of mice in the open field. Our results suggest that mice do recognize the presence of mice in the mirror, and their nociceptive - but not itch - responses are enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Bo Zhou
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, 528996Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Man Xue
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, 528996Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wantong Shi
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, 528996Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kexin Fan
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, 528996Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu-Xin Chen
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, 528996Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi-Yu Chen
- Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Shandong, China
| | - Jinjun Wang
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, 12480Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing-Shan Lu
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, 528996Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Shandong, China.,Oujiang Laboratory(Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu-Hui Li
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, 528996Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Shandong, China
| | - Min Zhuo
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, 528996Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Shandong, China.,Oujiang Laboratory(Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Zhejiang, China.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Xue M, Zhou SB, Liu RH, Chen QY, Zhuo M, Li XH. NMDA Receptor-Dependent Synaptic Depression in Potentiated Synapses of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex of adult Mice. Mol Pain 2021; 17:17448069211018045. [PMID: 34024172 PMCID: PMC8141994 DOI: 10.1177/17448069211018045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) is an important molecular mechanism for chronic pain in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a key cortical region for pain perception and emotional regulation. Inhibiting ACC LTP via various manipulations or pharmacological treatments blocks chronic pain. Long-term depression (LTD) is another form of synaptic plasticity in the ACC, which is also proved to be involved in the mechanisms of chronic pain. However, less is known about the interactive relationship between LTP and LTD in the ACC. Whether the synaptic depression could be induced after synaptic LTP in the ACC is not clear. In the present study, we used multi-channel field potential recording systems to study synaptic depression after LTP in the ACC of adult mice. We found that low frequency stimulus (LFS: 1 Hz, 15 min) inhibited theta burst stimulation (TBS)-induced LTP at 30 min after the induction of LTP. However, LFS failed to induce depression at 90 min after the induction of LTP. Furthermore, NMDA receptor antagonist AP-5 blocked the induction of synaptic depression after potentiation. The GluN2B-selective antagonist Ro25-6981 also inhibited the phenomenon in the ACC, while the GluN2A-selective antagonist NVP-AAM077 and the GluN2C/D-selective antagonist PPDA and UBP145 had no any significant effect. These results suggest that synaptic LTP can be depressed by LTD in a time dependent manner, and GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors play important roles in this form of synaptic depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Xue
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao, China
| | - Si-Bo Zhou
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao, China
| | - Ren-Hao Liu
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi-Yu Chen
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Zhuo
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao, China.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xu-Hui Li
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Brain Research, Qingdao International Academician Park, Qingdao, China.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Guo XW, Zhu L, Ye HX, Zhou SB, Liu YC, Zhou JY, Ji SJ. [Effect of preoperative Nutritional Risk Screening-2002 combined with hematologic inflammatory markers on prognosis of thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2019; 41:604-609. [PMID: 31434452 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate preoperative nutritional status and inflammatory status by Nutritional Risk Screening-2002 (NRS-2002) and hematologic inflammatory markers in patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and to explore their effects on long-term survival prognosis. Methods: A total of 113 patients with thoracic ESCC treated by radical resection were grouped for further analysis according to preoperative NRS-2002 score, systemic inflammation score (SIS) and the combination of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (CNP) score. The progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between groups were compared. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to determine the independent prognostic factors of patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and the interaction analysis of statistically significant factors was carried out. Results: The median PFS was 21 months for all the patients. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year PFS rates were 69.0%, 25.7% and 23.1%, respectively. Correspondingly, the median OS was 36 months, and the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS rates were 95.6%, 46.2% and 29.2%, respectively. Cox univariate analysis showed that T stage, N stage, TNM stage, SIS, CNP score and NRS-2002 score were significantly associated with PFS and OS (all P<0.05), and sex was associated with PFS (P=0.032) in patients with thoracic ESCC. Furthermore, cox multivariate analysis showed that TNM stage (HR=1.570, P=0.039), NRS-2002 score (HR=2.706, P<0.001) and CNP score (HR=1.463, P=0.011) were independent prognosis factors of PFS in patients with thoracic ESCC. In cox model interaction analysis, there was a positive interaction between NRS-2002 score and CNP score (RR=2.789, P<0.001). Conclusion: Preoperative NRS-2002 score combined with CNP score are risk factors for prognosis of patients with thoracic ESCC, which can be used as prognostic indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Taixing People's Hospital of Yangzhou University, Taixing 225400, China
| | - L Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Taixing People's Hospital of Yangzhou University, Taixing 225400, China
| | - H X Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Taixing People's Hospital of Yangzhou University, Taixing 225400, China
| | - S B Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Taixing People's Hospital of Yangzhou University, Taixing 225400, China
| | - Y C Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Taixing People's Hospital of Yangzhou University, Taixing 225400, China
| | - J Y Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - S J Ji
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215002, China
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Lu JS, Chen QY, Zhou SB, Wu FY, Liu RH, Zhou ZX, Zhang H, Zhuo M. Contagious itch can be induced in humans but not in rodents. Mol Brain 2019; 12:38. [PMID: 31014383 PMCID: PMC6480616 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-019-0455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Itch contagion has been reported in human when people watch someone scratching in a video. The basic mechanism of contagious itch induced by scratching video is still being investigated. A recent study has reported that adult mice showed itch like responses after watching itch-like video or mice showing itching responses. However, such contagious itch behaviors failed to be reproduced by another study by repeating the same experiments of viewing itching mice. It is unclear if contagious itch induced by seeing itching video may be reproducible. In the present study, we used a four-iPad paradigm to repeat these experiments, and found that mice showed no significant itch-like responses after watching itching video of mice. To test if mice actually can see the video, we placed mirrors at the same location. Interestingly, mice showed altered activities in the open field with the mirrors. Finally, in healthy subjects, we found that viewing human itch video did cause itch sensation or responses. Our results indicate that the mouse model may not appropriate for studying contagious itch in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Shan Lu
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Qi-Yu Chen
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Si-Bo Zhou
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Feng-Yi Wu
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ren-Hao Liu
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Zhou
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Min Zhuo
- Center for Neuron and Disease, Frontier Institutes of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room #3342, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Sun HJ, Guo XW, Ji SJ, Zhou SB, Gu L. [Prognostic influence of preoperative Nutritional Risk Screening -2002 (NRS-2002) score for patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma receiving surgery]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2018; 40:917-921. [PMID: 30605983 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To apply Nutritional Risk Screening-2002(NRS-2002) to perform nutritional status score for the patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) receiving surgery, and to explore the prognostic impact of long-term survival. Methods: A total of 117 patients who were diagnosed with ESCC from 2010 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. They recieved standard curative esophagectomy in the Yangzhou University Affiliated Taixing People's Hospital. The nutritional status and risk score for recruited patients were assessed according to the standard of NRS-2002 tool prior to surgery, and these patients were grouped for further analysis according to the median values of NRS-2002 score. Finally, the relationship between NRS-2002 score and prognosis was analyzed. Results: Patients were classified into two groups, with 45 in the NRS-2002<2.0 group, and 72 cases in the NRS-2002≥2.0, respectively. In the NRS-2002<2.0 group, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 75.6%, 44.4% and 40.0% separately, while in the NRS-2002≥2.0 group, the PFS rates were 61.1%, 6.9% and 4.2% respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). Correspondingly, in the NRS-2002< 2.0 group, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 97.8%, 66.7% and 57.8% separately, while in the NRS-2002≥2.0 group, the OS rates were 91.7%, 33.3% and 16.7% respectively, and the differences were also statistically significant (P<0.001). Univariate analysis showed that N stage, TNM stage and NRS-2002 score were closely related to PFS and OS (P<0.05), and T stage was only associated with OS in patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.05). Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that N stage (RR=1.640, 95% CI 1.049-2.565, P=0.030) and NRS-2002 (RR=3.154, 95% CI 1.946-5.113, P<0.001) were independent prognostic factors for PFS in patients with ESCC after surgery. Additionally, pathological differentiation (RR=1.556, 95% CI 1.004-2.440, P=0.041), N stage (RR=1.624, 95% CI 1.017-2.593, P=0.042) and NRS-2002 (RR=3.906, 95% CI2.245-6.795, P<0.001) were independent prognostic factors for OS in ESCC patients following surgery. Conclusion: Preoperative nutritional risk screening NRS-2002 score is an independent prognostic factor in patients with ESCC receiving surgery and could be used as a tool for primary screening for nutritional risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yangzhou University Affiliated Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing 225400, China
| | - X W Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yangzhou University Affiliated Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing 225400, China
| | - S J Ji
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - S B Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yangzhou University Affiliated Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing 225400, China
| | - L Gu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yangzhou University Affiliated Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing 225400, China
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Chi BJ, Zhao DM, Liu L, Yin XZ, Wang FF, Bi S, Gui SL, Zhou SB, Qin WB, Wu DM, Wang SQ. Downregulation of hsa_circ_0000285 serves as a prognostic biomarker for bladder cancer and is involved in cisplatin resistance. Neoplasma 2018; 66:197-202. [PMID: 30509102 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2018_180318n185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer remains a very challenging disease to treat with the high rates of recurrence and progression associated with current therapies. Although the association between bladder cancer pathology and circRNAs remains undetermined, circRNAs signatures may be useful as prognostic and predictive factors and clinical tools for assessing disease state, treatment response and outcome. This study investigates if these circRNAs can be used as biomarkers for bladder cancer diagnosis and predicting treatment response. Herein, qPCR measured the expression of hsa_circRNA_100783, hsa_circ_0000285 and hsa_circRNA_100782 in bladder cancer tissues. It was established that sa_circ_0000285, but not hsa_circRNA_100782 and hsa_circRNA_10078, are significantly reduced in bladder cancer tissues and serum compared to adjacent tissues and healthy controls. Moreover, hsa_circ_0000285 expression was lower in cisplatin-resistant bladder cancer patients than in those who were cisplatin-sensitive. Here, hsa_circ_0000285 was associated with tumor size (p<0.001), differentiation (p<0.001), lymph node metastasis (p=0.038), distant metastasis (p=0.004) and TNM stage (p=0.013). Further analysis showed that hsa_circ_0000285 would be an independent prognostic factor for bladder cancer patient outcome. In conclusion, our study indicates hsa_circ_0000285 may be a novel biomarker for bladder cancer because of its involvement in bladder cancer chemo-sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Chi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China.,Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - D M Zhao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - L Liu
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - X Z Yin
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - F F Wang
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - S Bi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - S L Gui
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - S B Zhou
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China.,School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, United Kingdom
| | - W B Qin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - D M Wu
- Material College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - S Q Wang
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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10
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Jiang ZM, Qiu HB, Wang SQ, Guo J, Yang ZW, Zhou SB. Ganoderic acid A potentiates the antioxidant effect and protection of mitochondrial membranes and reduces the apoptosis rate in primary hippocampal neurons in magnesium free medium. Pharmazie 2018; 73:87-91. [PMID: 29442010 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2018.7108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum extracts have shown antiepileptic effects in in vivo and in vitro studies. In this work, primary hippocampal neurons cultured in magnesium-free medium were used to study the neuroprotective effects of ganoderic acid A and B (GA-A and GA-B) on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and mitochondrial membrane potential, to improve our understanding of their antiepileptic effect. The activity of SOD was determined by the xanthine oxidase assay, the variations of mitochondrial membrane potential and cell apoptosis were measured by JC-1 fluorescent staining and flow cytometry. It was found that the SOD activity and mitochondrial membrane potential (118.84 U/mg protein and 244.08 Δψm) of the epileptic hippocampal neurons were significantly lower than control values (135.95 U/mg protein and 409.81 Δψm), associated with an increase of cell apoptosis (31.88% vs. 8.84%). These circumstances can be improved by treatment of GA-A/GA-B (for SOD, 127.15±3.82 / 120.52±4.30 U/mg protein; for membrane potential (Δψm), 372.35 / 347.28; and for cell apoptosis (%), 14.93 / 20.52). Results indicated that GA-A significantly improved SOD activity, while both GA-A/GA-B tranquillized the mitochondrial membrane potential of hippocampal neurons, and thereby protected these neurons by inhibiting apoptosis.
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11
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Yu QW, Zhang P, Zhou SB, Hu Y, Ji MX, Luo YC, You HL, Yao ZX. [The relationship between accommodative accuracy at different near-work distances and early-onset myopia]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2017; 52:520-6. [PMID: 27531113 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the accommodative accuracy of children with early-onset myopia at different near-work distances, and discuss the relationship between accommodative accuracy and early-onset myopia. METHODS This was a case-control study. Thirty-seven emmetropic children, 41 early-onset myopic children without correction, and 39 early-onset myopic children with spectacles, aged 7 to 13 years, were included. Measures of refractive errors and accommodative accuracy at four near-work distances, including 50 cm, 40 cm, 30 cm, and 20 cm, were made using the binocular fusion cross cylinder (FCC) of an automatic phoropter. RESULTS Most candidates showed accommodative lags, including the children with emmetropia. The ratio of lags in all candidates at different near-work distances was 75.21% (50 cm), 87.18% (40 cm), 92.31% (30 cm), and 98.29% (20 cm), respectively. All accommodative accuracies became worse, and the accommodative lag ratio and values of FCC increased, along with the shortening of the distance. The difference in accommodative accuracy among groups was statistically significant at 30 cm (χ(2)=7.852, P= 0.020) and 20 cm (χ(2)=6.480, P=0.039). The values of FCC among groups were significantly different at 30 cm (F=3.626, P=0.030) and 20 cm (F=3.703, P=0.028), but not at 50 cm and 40 cm (P>0.05). In addition, the FCC values of 30 cm and 20 cm had a statistically significant difference between myopic children without correction [(1.25±0.44) D and (1.76±0.43) D] and emmetropic children [(0.95±0.52) D and (1.41±0.58) D] (P=0.012, 0.008). The correlation between diopters of myopia and accommodative accuracy at different nearwork distances was not statistically significant (P>0.05). However, the correlation between diopters of myopia and the accommodative lag value (FCC) at 20 cm was statistically significant (r=0.246, P=0.028). CONCLUSIONS The closer the near-work distance is, the worse the accommodative accuracy is. This is more significant in early-onset myopia, especially myopia without correction, than emmetropia. Wearing spectacles may improve the threshold and sensitivity of accommodations, and the accommodative accuracy at near-work distances (<30 cm) to some extent. The poor accommodative accuracy at near-work distances may be not related to early-onset myopia, but the value of FCC (20 cm) is related to early-onset myopia. The higher the FCC value is, the higher the diopter is. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2016, 52: 520-524).
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Affiliation(s)
- Q W Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University-town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
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12
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Zhou SB, Chiang CA, Liu K, Li QF. Intravenous transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could effectively promote vascularization and skin regeneration in mechanically stretched skin. Br J Dermatol 2015; 172:1278-85. [PMID: 25041452 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin expansion is a procedure that stimulates and promotes skin regeneration by applying continuous mechanical stretching. However, the outcome of treatment is limited by the skin's instinctive regeneration capacity. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the impact of intravenous transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on expanded skin regeneration. METHODS MSCs from luciferase-Tg Lewis rats were transplanted into a rat tissue expansion model and tracked in vivo by luminescence imaging. At the end of 21 days of skin expansion, the expanded skin was harvested and skin regeneration was evaluated by inflation volume, skin area and thickness. Counting of capillaries and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) expression analysis were conducted to assess the impact of MSCs on expanded skin vascularization. RESULTS Samples of the skin expansion model from the MSC group were observed to have a significantly higher inflation volume and greater expanded skin area than those from the control group at the end of 21 days' follow-up. In vivo tracing results showed that MSCs were recruited by mechanical stretch and migrated to expanded skin. Migrated MSCs promoted skin vascularization by secreting VEGF and differentiating into CD31+ endothelial cells. Skin sections from the MSC group had a significant advantage in thickness and proliferating cell count, indicating that MSCs effectively enhanced expanded skin regeneration. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous transplantation of MSCs could effectively promote expanded skin regeneration. Transplanted MSCs could be recruited by mechanical stretch and subsequent migration to expanded skin. Engrafted MSCs could contribute to vascularization and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - C A Chiang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - K Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Q F Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai, 200011, China
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Xuan SQ, Zheng JY, Wang H, Gao P, Zhou SB, Liu K, Zhu GP. Polymorphic microsatellite loci for the genetic analysis of Lycoris radiata (Amaryllidaceae) and cross-amplification in other congeneric species. Genet Mol Res 2011; 10:3141-5. [PMID: 22194169 DOI: 10.4238/2011.december.19.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Lycoris radiata is a perennial herb that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for a long time and has two main medicinal components in its bulb, lycorine and galanthamine. However, the original microsatellite loci have not been developed for any species of Lycoris. Total genomic DNA was extracted from fresh bulbs using a modified CTAB protocol. We isolated 10 microsatellite loci from 21 L. radiata individuals of a natural population from Yellow Mountain in Anhui Province, China. The number of alleles ranged from two to nine. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.238 to 0.952 and from 0.455 to 0.784, respectively. One locus significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and no significant linkage disequilibrium was found between pairs of loci. Cross-species amplification of these microsatellite loci was characterized in additional five species (L. sprengeri, L. anhuiensis, L. albiflora, L. longituba, and L. chinensis) of Lycoris. The results suggest that these microsatellite markers would contribute to the population genetic studies of L. radiata and other related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Q Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Biodiversity, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, PR China
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Deng C, Weng J, Duan K, Yao N, Yang XB, Zhou SB, Lu X, Qu SX, Wan JX, Feng B, Li XH. Preparation and mechanical property of poly(ε-caprolactone)-matrix composites containing nano-apatite fillers modified by silane coupling agents. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2010; 21:3059-3064. [PMID: 20886363 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-010-4158-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to improve the tensile strength and elastic modulus of nano-apatite/poly(ε-caprolactone) composites by silane-modification of the nano-apatite fillers. Three silane coupling agents were used to modify the surfaces of nano-apatite particles and composites of silanized apatite and PCL were prepared by a technique incorporating solvent dispersion, melting-blend and hot-pressing. The results showed that the silane coupling agents successfully modified the surfaces of nano-apatite fillers, and the crystallization temperatures of the silanized apatite/PCL composites were the higher than that of the non-silanized control material, although the melting temperature of the composites remained almost unaffected by silanization. The ultimate tensile strength and elastic modulus of the silanized composites reached 22.60 MPa and 1.76 GPa, as a result of the improved interfacial bonding and uniform dispersion of nano-apatite fillers. This study shows that the processing technique and silanization of nano-apatite particles can effectively improve the tensile strength and elastic modulus of nano-apatite/PCL composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Deng
- Institute of Silicon Materials, Leshan Teachers College, Leshan, 614004, China.
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Zhou SB, Wang GJ, Zhu Y, Chen BQ. Effect of dietary fatty acids on colon tumorigenesis induced by methyl nitrosourea in rats. Biomed Environ Sci 2000; 13:105-116. [PMID: 11055012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To study the effect of dietary fatty acid on the colon tumorigenesis induced by methyl nitrosourea in rats, male SD rats were fed five semi-synthetic diets composed of different proportions of beef tallow, soybean oil, alkana oil, corn oil and fish oil for 180 days. The experimental groups were injected with a solution of methyl nitrosourea in phosphate buffer intraperitoneally once a week for six weeks. The control groups were injected with phosphate buffer solution only. The incidence of colon cancer, the average volume of the tumors, proliferation cell nuclear antigen, cell kinetics, membrane lipid fluidity, alkaline phosphatase activities and the content of prostaglandin E2 in colon mucosa and the fatty acid of testis pad fat were measured at the end of the experiment. The results showed that the incidence of colon cancer and the average volume of tumors in animals fed with diets composed mainly of beef tallow, soybean oil or alkana oil were significantly higher than those that were fed fish oil. The most effective anticancer diet in our study contained saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid of fish oil in the proportion of 13.9%, 16.4% and 68.8% respectively. Inhibition of colon tumorigenesis appeared to be related to the regulation of membrane lipid fluidity, and a decrease in the proliferation of cell nuclear antigen in colon cells. In addition, a decrease was noted in the number of cells in S phase and alkaline phosphatase activity, along with inhibition of arachidonic acid products and a corresponding decrease in the amount of prostaglandin E2.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Zhou
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Zhou SB. [Significance and application of an epidemiologic database]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 1989; 10:384-5. [PMID: 2624940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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17
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Ma YZ, Tang HF, Chai BF, Yeh YC, Jiang LP, Zhou SB, Chen WY. The treatment of primary vertebral tumors by radical resection and prosthetic vertebral replacement. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1987:78-90. [PMID: 3802655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The basic principles for the treatment of primary vertebral tumors include radical resection of the tumor, insertion of a prosthetic vertebral body, and bone grafting within and around the prosthetic vertebral body. Since 1970, the authors have treated 12 cases with this procedure. In order to improve the vertebral prosthesis, 94 dried adult vertebral column specimens were studied. The anterior cortex of each vertebral body was thicker than the posterior cortex. The thickness of the anterior cortex of the dorsolumbar vertebral bodies progressively increases from the proximal to caudal vertebra. The lower lumbar vertebrae are therefore almost twice as thick as the upper dorsal vertebrae. The cortices of the vertebral bodies, especially the anterior cortex, serve as a strut against the pressure of the prosthesis. Four types of prostheses were used. The Type 1 prosthesis failed to take into account the anatomic features of the dorsolumbar vertebral bodies in cross section. Types 2, 3, and 4 are modified versions with specific indications for their use.
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Zhou SB. [Congenital communication of the right pulmonary vein with the left atrium (a case report)]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 1985; 13:50-1. [PMID: 4006709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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