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Dalla Volta A, Palumbo C, Zamboni S, Mazziotti G, Triggiani L, Zamparini M, Maffezzoni F, Rinaudo L, Bergamini M, Di Meo N, Caramella I, Valcamonico F, Borghetti P, Guerini A, Farina D, Antonelli A, Simeone C, Berruti A. Heterogeneity in regional changes in body composition induced by androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer patients: potential impact on bone health-the BLADE study. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:335-343. [PMID: 37458931 PMCID: PMC10859344 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02150-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is not clear whether changes in body composition induced by androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer (PC) patients are uniform or vary in the different body districts and whether regional lean body mass (LBM) and fat body mass (FBM) could have an impact on bone health. OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate the regional changes in LBM and FBM in PC patients submitted to degarelix; to explore the relationship of regional body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS 29 consecutive non metastatic PC patients enrolled from 2017 to 2019. FBM, LBM and bone mineral density (BMD) evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and after 12-month of ADT. Alkaline phosphate (ALP) and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. INTERVENTION All patients underwent degarelix administration. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS T-test or sign test and Pearson or Spearman test for continuous variables were used when indicated. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Median percent increase in FBM ranged from + 14.5% in trunk to + 25.4% in the left leg after degarelix. LBM changes varied from + 2% in the trunk to - 4.9% in the right arm. LBM in both arms and legs and their variations after degarelix directly correlated with ALP and inversely correlated with CTX. Lean mass of limbs, trunk and legs significantly correlated with BMD of the hip, lean mass of the trunk significantly correlated with spine BMD. These are post-hoc analysis of a prospective study and this is the main limitation. CONCLUSIONS an heterogeneous change in body composition among body district is observed after ADT and bone turnover is influenced by lean mass and its variation. A supervised physical activity is crucial to maintain general physical performance and preserving bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dalla Volta
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Palumbo
- Division of Urology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - S Zamboni
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - G Mazziotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, Metabolic Bone Diseases and Osteoporosis Section, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy
| | - L Triggiani
- Radiation Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - M Zamparini
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - F Maffezzoni
- Endocrinology, Manerbio-Leno, ASST Garda, Montichiari, Italy
| | - L Rinaudo
- Tecnologie Avanzate S.r.l., Turin, Italy
| | - M Bergamini
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - N Di Meo
- Radiology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - I Caramella
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - F Valcamonico
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - P Borghetti
- Radiation Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Guerini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - D Farina
- Radiology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Antonelli
- Division of Urology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
- Urology Unit, AOUI Verona, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics and Gynecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - C Simeone
- Division of Urology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - A Berruti
- Medical Oncology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
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Zamboni S, D'Ambrosio A, Margutti P. Extracellular vesicles as contributors in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 71:104554. [PMID: 36842311 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous family of extracellular structures bounded by a phospholipid bilayer, released by all cell types in various biological fluids, such as blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), playing important roles in intercellular communication, both locally and systemically. EVs carry and deliver a variety of bioactive molecules (proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and metabolites), conferring epigenetic and phenotypic changes to the recipient cells and thus resulting as important mediators of both homeostasis and pathogenesis. In neurological diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), the EV ability to cross Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), moving from central nervous system (CNS) to the peripheral circulation and vice versa, has increased the interest in EV study in the neurological field. In the present review, we will provide an overview of the recent advances made in understanding the pathogenic role of EVs regarding the immune response, the BBB dysfunction and the CNS inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Zamboni
- Department of Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paola Margutti
- Department of Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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Lonati C, Carando R, Martini A, Simeone C, Suardi N, Zamboni S, Simone G, Afferi L, Fankhauser C, Mattei A, Álvarez-Maestro M, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Moschini M. Independent predictors and patterns of early and late recurrence after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: a multicenter collaboration. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Lonati C, Mordasini L, Afferi L, De Cobelli O, Di Trapani E, Necchi A, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Simeone C, Zamboni S, Simone G, Karnes R, Marra G, Soria F, Gontero P, Shariat S, Hendrickesn K, Rink M, Poyet C, Carando R, Krajewski W, Baumeister P, Mattei A, Moschini M. Diagnostic accuracy of preoperative lymph node staging of bladder cancer according to different lymph node locations: A multicenter cohort from the European Association of Urology – Young Academic Urologists. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00836-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Afferi L, Lonati C, Montorsi F, Briganti A, Mari A, Schulz G, Black P, Di Trapani E, Karnes R, Mir M, Rink M, Zamboni S, Antonelli A, Tafuri A, Krajewski W, Xylinas E, Soria F, Teoh JC, Mattei A, Albisinni S, Roghmann F, Alvarez-Maestro M, Shariat S, Moschini M. Selecting the best candidates for cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy after radical cystectomy in patients with pN+ bladder cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)03193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Mattei A, Martini A, Afferi L, Zamboni S, Schultz J, Lonati C, Karnes R, Soligo M, Stabile A, Di Trapani E, De Cobelli O, Simone G, Simeone C, Alvarez-Maestro M, Gandaglia G, Gallina A, Colombo R, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Xylinas E, Shariat S, Moschini M. Oncologic surveillance for variant histology bladder cancer after radical cystectomy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Lonati C, Baumeister P, Afferi L, Mari A, Minervini A, Krajewski W, Hendricksen K, Montorsi F, Briganti A, Colombo R, Antonelli A, Rouprêt M, Masson-Lecomte A, Shariat S, D’Andrea D, Soria F, Hurle R, Mir M, Zamboni S, Simeone C, Klatte T, Teoh J, Schulz G, Mattei A, Moschini M. Survival outcomes after radical cystectomy versus conservative management for T1 high grade non-muscle invasive micropapillary bladder cancer: a multicentre collaboration by the European Association of Urology – young academic urologists (EAU-YAU): urothelial carcinoma working group. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00702-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Martini A, Lonati C, Montorsi F, Briganti A, Colombo R, Necchi A, Simeone C, Zamboni S, Afferi L, Mattei A, Soria F, Marra G, Gontero P, Rouprêt M, Xylinas E, Pradere B, Abufaraj M, D’Andrea D, Shariat S, Moschini M. The role of prior bladder cancer on any recurrence and distant metastasis in patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00824-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Martini A, Lonati C, Necchi A, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Colombo R, Simeone C, Zamboni S, Afferi L, Mattei A, Shariat S, Moschini M. Metastasis within three years from radical nephroureterectomy as a bridge to overall survival: implications for patient counseling, current, and future studies. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00825-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Afferi L, Lonati C, Montorsi F, Briganti A, Mari A, Schulz G, Black P, Di Trapani E, Karnes R, Mir M, Rink M, Zamboni S, Simeone C, Antonelli A, Tafuri A, Krajewski W, Xylinas E, Soria F, Teoh J, Mattei A, Albisinni S, Roghmann F, Alvarez-Maestro M, Shariat S, Moschini M. Selecting the best candidates for cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy after radical cystectomy in pN+ bladder cancer patients. EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00860-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Afferi L, Lonati C, Montorsi F, Briganti A, Mari A, Krajewski W, Simone G, Schulz G, Black P, Mir M, Roumiguié M, Teoh J, Soria F, Roupret M, Ribal M, Xylinas E, Zamboni S, Antonelli A, Tafuri A, Albisinni S, Mattei A, Alvarez-Maestro M, Shariat S, Moschini M. Ureteral stenting does not increase the risk of metachronous upper tract urothelial carcinoma in patients with bladder cancer presenting with hydronephrosis in comparison with percutaneous nephrostomy: A multicenter analysis. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lonati C, Baumeister P, Afferi L, Mari A, Minervini A, Krajewski W, Borghesi M, Schulz G, Rink M, Montorsi F, Briganti F, Hurle R, Zamboni S, Simeone C, Soria F, Teoh J, Roumiguié M, Rouprêt M, Masson-Lecomte A, Mir M, Antonelli A, Einerhand S, Mattei A, Moschini M. Survival outcomes after radical cystectomy versus conservative management for clinical T1 high grade non-muscle invasive squamous bladder cancer: A multicenter collaboration by the European Association of Urology–Young Academic Urologists. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lonati C, Afferi L, Baumeister P, Minervini A, Mari A, Krajewski W, Borghesi M, Rink M, Montorsi F, Briganti A, Hurle R, Contieri R, Umari P, Klatte T, Teoh JC, Soria F, Simeone C, Zamboni S, Roumiguié M, Rouprêt M, Masson-Lecomte A, Einerhand S, Mattei A, Moschini M. Survival outcomes of urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation versus pure squamous cell carcinoma. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01111-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lonati C, Baumeister P, Afferi L, Mari A, Minervini A, Krajewski W, Einerhand S, Montorsi F, Briganti A, Antonelli A, Rouprêt M, Masson-Lecomte A, Shariat S, D’Andrea D, Soria F, Hurle R, Mir M, Zamboni S, Simeone C, Klatte T, Teoh J, Schulz G, Mattei A, Moschini M. Survival outcomes after radical cystectomy versus conservative management for clinical T1 high grade non-muscle invasive micropapillary bladder cancer: A multicenter collaboration by the European Association of Urology–Young Academic Urologists. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Basile G, Bandini M, Zaffuto E, Scuderi S, Dehò F, Salonia A, Matloob R, Burgio G, Sciacqua L, Bertini R, Comana S, Moschini M, Zamboni S, Afferi L, Scattoni V, Colombo R, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Necchi A, Gallina A. Limited vs extended lymph node dissection in T1G3 bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy: is this group responsible for the negative results of the LEA trial? EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)35629-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Afferi L, Mordasini L, Moschini M, Zamboni S, Baumeister P, Cornelius J, Ineichen G, Stucki P, Mattei A. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection: the nerve-sparing monoblock technique. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)35542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Basile G, Bandini M, Zaffuto E, Scuderi S, Pederzoli F, Marandino L, Raggi D, Barletta F, Gandaglia G, Fossati N, Burgio G, Moschini M, Zamboni S, Afferi L, Comana S, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Colombo R, Necchi A, Gallina A. No-response at mpMRI after neoadjuvant pembrolizumab is a proxy of adverse pathological and oncological outcomes in patients treated with radical cystectomy: interim results from the PURE01 study. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)35617-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Bandini M, Zaffuto E, Scuderi S, Basile G, Salonia A, Lucianò R, Pederzoli F, Zamboni S, Afferi L, Giusy B, Moschini M, Dehò F, Bertini R, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Colombo R, Necchi A, Gallina A. Impact of histological variants in node positive patients treated with radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)35615-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Bandini M, Zaffuto E, Scuderi S, Salonia A, Lucianò R, Pederzoli F, Zamboni S, Afferi L, Burgio G, Moschini M, Deho’ F, Bertini R, Briganti A, Montorsi F, Colombo R, Necchi A, Gallina A. Impact of histological variants in node positive patients treated with radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33613-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Afferi L, Mordasini L, Moschini M, Zamboni S, Baumeister P, Cornelius J, Ineichen G, Stucki P, Mattei A. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection: The nerve-sparing monoblock technique. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)34273-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Zamboni S, Baumeister P, Aziz A, Poyet C, Simeone C, Antonelli A, Roghmann F, Meraney A, Konety B, Montorsi F, Gallina A, Briganti A, Gandaglia G, Zaffuto E, Simone G, Karnes R, Hendricksen K, Voskuilen C, Mattei A, Afferi L, Rink M, Necchi A, Shariat S, Xylinas E, Moschini M. Adjuvant chemotherapy is ineffective in patients with bladder cancer and variant histology treated with radical cystectomy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33657-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Antonelli A, Peroni A, Furlan M, Palumbo C, Zamboni S, Veccia A, Simeone C. Robot-assisted Partial Nephrectomy and Bilateral Pyelolithotomy in Ectopic Pelvic Kidneys. Urology 2019; 129:235. [PMID: 30959118 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To show how to perform a robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and bilateral pyelolithotomy in ectopic pelvic kidneys. This is a congenital abnormality of position and rotation1 frequently associated with urolithiasis.2 Renal cell carcinoma is a very rare event in pelvic kidneys.3,4 These 2 findings in the same patient could be a surgical challenge and whenever possible a "one stage" treatment is preferred. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 44-year-old male with bilateral pelvic kidneys admitted because of left back pain. Abdominal CT scan showed a 17 mm stone in the left renal pelvis, a 12 mm stones in the right pelvis and a 34 × 27 mm right lower pole renal mass. A robotic surgery was indicated. Patient was placed in Trendelenburg position with ports configuration as for transperitoneal radical prostatectomy. The right kidney was firstly approached: after isolation of the ureter and suspension of the renal artery, a clampless partial nephrectomy was performed; then through a longitudinal pyelotomy the stone was extracted. To minimize the opening of the posterior peritoneum covering the left kidney, the site of the stone was identified by intraoperative ultrasound; then, through a longitudinal pyelotomy the stone was extracted. Given the watertight sutures and the lack of ureteral obstructions no pigtails ureteral catheters were inserted. A Jackson-Pratt drainage was placed through the inferior port. RESULTS Consolle time was 190 minutes. Estimated Blood Loss (EBL) was 50 ml. No complications were reported. The drain was removed on the second postoperative day, assessed that creatinine dosage was equal to serum. The length of stay was 4 days. Histopathology showed a pT1a G2 clear cell renal cell carcinoma with negative surgical margins, while stones analysis was calcium oxalate. CONCLUSION With the availability of robotic technology, the indications for minimally invasive surgery may be safely expanded to include concomitant morbidities in uncommon presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Antonelli
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Peroni
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - M Furlan
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - C Palumbo
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - S Zamboni
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Veccia
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Simeone
- Urology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Ronco C, Brendolan A, Crepaldi C, Frisone P, Ghiotto F, Zamboni S, Gastaldon F, La Greca G. On-Line Urea Monitoring: A Further Step towards Adequate Dialysis Prescription and Delivery. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139889501800911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Aim Of This Study Is To Present A Clinical Experience Carried Out With A New Device Designed To Measure On-Line Urea Nitrogen Concentration In The Effluent Dialysate. The Biostat 1000® Urea Monitor (Baxter Healthcare, Dirfield, Iii, Usa) Was Utilized In The Present Study. The Monitor Is Based On The Principle That Multiple Urea Measurements In The Dialysate Effluent From The Dialyzer, Permit To Built A Double Exponential Regression Leading To The Urea Kinetic Parameters Of The Dialysis Session. Data Obtained With The Urea Monitor Were, In The Present Study, Compared With Those Obtained By Direct Measurements Carried Out In Blood And Dialysate And By The Collection Of The Whole Amount Of Spent Dialysate. The Monitor Provided An Accurate Value Of Predialysis Bun Without Any Blood Drawing. Urea Kinetics Were Established From Multiple Dialysate Measurements And No Blood Drawing Was Necessary. The Double Pool Kinetics Were Taken Into Account And Kt/V, Pcr And Sri° Obtained Were Comparable To Those Obtained From Direct Measurement. Since A Projected Value Of Kt/V Can Be Obtained, The Monitor Could Represent A Potential Source Of Information To Detect Possible Filter And Machine Dysfunction, As Well As High Rate Of Recirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Ronco
- Department Of Nephrology, Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza - Italy
| | - A. Brendolan
- Department Of Nephrology, Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza - Italy
| | - C. Crepaldi
- Department Of Nephrology, Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza - Italy
| | - P. Frisone
- Department Of Nephrology, Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza - Italy
| | - F. Ghiotto
- Department Of Nephrology, Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza - Italy
| | - S. Zamboni
- Department Of Nephrology, Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza - Italy
| | - F. Gastaldon
- Department Of Nephrology, Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza - Italy
| | - G. La Greca
- Department Of Nephrology, Ospedale San Bortolo, Vicenza - Italy
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Abstract
Size and variability often represent an obstacle in generating an effective antibody gene library for the detection of an abundant repertoire of antigens. Therefore, optimizing the construction of a large library is essential for the selection of high-affinity reactive fragments. Here, we report a highly efficient method for the construction of a human naïve antibody gene library for the selection of antibodies as single-chain variable fragments. This protocol is based on many different sets of oligonucleotide primers and multistep electroporation and ligation reactions.This advanced method can be adopted by any molecular biology laboratory to generate a naïve library for use in isolating single-chain fragment variables against specific targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Pasello
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Lab, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Mallano
- National Center For Global Health, The National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Flego
- National Center For Global Health, The National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Zamboni
- Department of Neuroscience, The National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Giudice
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Lab, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Lab, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
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Cirillo M, Carlucci L, Baldini E, Sacco C, Zagonel V, Leo S, Llimpe FR, Tonini G, Marialuisa M, Alfredo T, Farci D, Sava T, Zaninelli M, Valori V, Quaranta A, Carrozza F, Micheloni B, Marchetti F, Lunardi G, Zamboni S, Pinto C, Gori S. Oral Anticancer Therapy Project: clinical utility of a specific home care nursing program. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw345.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Pasello M, Zamboni S, Mallano A, Flego M, Picci P, Cianfriglia M, Scotlandi K. Design and construction of a new human naïve single-chain fragment variable antibody library, IORISS1. J Biotechnol 2016; 224:1-11. [PMID: 26945728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human monoclonal antibodies are a powerful tool with increasingly successful exploitations and the single chain fragment variable format can be considered the building block for the implementation of more complex and effective antibody-based constructs. Phage display is one of the best and most efficient methods to isolate human antibodies selected from an efficient and variable phage display library. We report a method for the construction of a human naïve single-chain variable fragment library, termed IORISS1. Many different sets of oligonucleotide primers as well as optimized electroporation and ligation reactions were used to generate this library of 1.2×10(9) individual clones. The key difference is the diversity of variable gene templates, which was derived from only 15 non-immunized human donors. The method described here, was used to make a new human naïve single-chain fragment variable phage display library that represents a valuable source of diverse antibodies that can be used as research reagents or as a starting point for the development of therapeutics. Using biopanning, we determined the ability of IORISS1 to yield antibodies. The results we obtained suggest that, by using an optimized protocol, an efficient phage antibody library can be generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Pasello
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, 40136 Bologna, Italy; PROMETEO Laboratory, STB, RIT Department, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Silvia Zamboni
- PROMETEO Laboratory, STB, RIT Department, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mallano
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Flego
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Piero Picci
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, 40136 Bologna, Italy; PROMETEO Laboratory, STB, RIT Department, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cianfriglia
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, 40136 Bologna, Italy; PROMETEO Laboratory, STB, RIT Department, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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D'Ambrosio A, Pontecorvo S, Colasanti T, Zamboni S, Francia A, Margutti P. Peripheral blood biomarkers in multiple sclerosis. Autoimmun Rev 2015; 14:1097-110. [PMID: 26226413 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is the most common autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system. The heterogeneity of pathophysiological processes in MS contributes to the highly variable course of the disease and unpredictable response to therapies. The major focus of the research on MS is the identification of biomarkers in biological fluids, such as cerebrospinal fluid or blood, to guide patient management reliably. Because of the difficulties in obtaining spinal fluid samples and the necessity for lumbar puncture to make a diagnosis has reduced, the research of blood-based biomarkers may provide increasingly important tools for clinical practice. However, currently there are no clearly established MS blood-based biomarkers. The availability of reliable biomarkers could radically alter the management of MS at critical phases of the disease spectrum, allowing for intervention strategies that may prevent evolution to long-term neurological disability. This article provides an overview of this research field and focuses on recent advances in blood-based biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella D'Ambrosio
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Pontecorvo
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Department of Neurology and Psychiatry of "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - Tania Colasanti
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Zamboni
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ada Francia
- Multiple Sclerosis Center of Department of Neurology and Psychiatry of "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Margutti
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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Gellini M, Ascione A, Flego M, Mallano A, Dupuis ML, Zamboni S, Terrinoni M, D`Alessio V, Manara MC, Scotlandi K, Picci P, Cianfriglia M. Generation of Human Single-chain Antibody to the CD99 Cell Surface Determinant Specifically Recognizing Ewing’s Sarcoma Tumor Cells. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2013; 14:449-63. [DOI: 10.2174/1389201011314040011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 04/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cianfriglia M, Fiori V, Dominici S, Zamboni S, Flego M, Luisa Dupuis M, Ascione A, Gellini M, Mallano A, Magnani M. CEACAM1 is a Privileged Cell Surface Antigen to Design Novel ScFv Mediated-Immunotherapies of Melanoma, Lung Cancer and Other Types
of Tumors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.2174/1874143601206010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen–related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a cell surface glycoprotein
involved in intercellular binding, belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is involved in cell-cell recognition and
modulates cellular processes that range from vascular angiogenesis to the regulation of insulin homeostasis and T-cell
proliferation. Aberrant expression of CEACAM1 is often associated with progression and metastatic potential in
melanoma, lung carcinoma and other types of tumor. Tumor-specific antigens such as CEACAM1 are ideal targets for
cancer immunotherapy because they are over-expressed by the cancer cell and not on non-malignant tissues, minimizing
the risk of autoimmune destruction. Many of the limitations of therapeutic use of rodent monoclonal antibodies (mAbs)
can now be overcome by exploiting the use of recombinant antibody fragments and the advances in antibody engineering
methods to improve tumor retention, reduce immunogenicity and modulate pharmacokinetics. In addition, a novel
effective model of immunotherapeutic treatments of tumors includes antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) that combine
specific mAbs and antibody fragments with cytotoxic drugs, proteins, enzymes, radionuclides and nanoparticles. This
review aims to describe how these antibody engineering approaches can meet the challenges for generating new and
effective antibody constructs for diagnosis and therapy of CEACAM1 expressing malignancies.
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Brambilla D, Zamboni S, Federici C, Lugini L, Lozupone F, De Milito A, Cecchetti S, Cianfriglia M, Fais S. P-glycoprotein binds to ezrin at amino acid residues 149-242 in the FERM domain and plays a key role in the multidrug resistance of human osteosarcoma. Int J Cancer 2011; 130:2824-34. [PMID: 21780101 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.26285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of the mdr1 gene encoding P-glycoprotein (Pgp) exerts a major role in reducing the effectiveness of cytotoxic therapy in osteosarcoma. The interaction between actin and Pgp has been shown to be instrumental in the establishment of multidrug resistance (MDR) in human tumor cells. The cytoskeleton linker ezrin exerts a pivotal role in maintaining the functional connection between actin and Pgp. We investigated the role of ezrin in a human multidrug-resistant osteosarcoma cell line overexpressing Pgp and compared it to its counterpart that overexpresses an ezrin deletion mutant. The results showed that Pgp binds at amino acid residues 149-242 of the N-terminal domain of ezrin. The interaction between ezrin and Pgp occurs in the plasma membrane of MDR cells, where they also co-localize with the ganglioside G(M1) located in lipid rafts. The overexpression of the ezrin deletion mutant entirely restored drug susceptibility of osteosarcoma cells, consistent with Pgp dislocation to cytoplasmic compartments and abrogation of G(M1) /Pgp co-localization at the plasma membrane. Our study provides evidence that ezrin exerts a key role in MDR of human osteosarcoma cells through a Pgp-ezrin-actin connection that is instrumental for the permanence of Pgp into plasma membrane lipid rafts. We also show for the first time that Pgp-binding site is localized to amino acid residues 149-242 of the ezrin Band 4.1, Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin (FERM) domain, thus proposing a specific target for future molecular therapy aimed at counteracting MDR in osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Brambilla
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy
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Ascione A, Capecchi B, Campitelli L, Imperiale V, Flego M, Zamboni S, Gellini M, Alberini I, Pittiglio E, Donatelli I, Temperton NJ, Cianfriglia M. Human monoclonal antibodies in single chain fragment variable format with potent neutralization activity against influenza virus H5N1. Antiviral Res 2009; 83:238-44. [PMID: 19481117 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are needed to control and combat the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5N1. To this end, we developed human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in single chain fragment variable (scFv) format towards the H5N1 avian influenza virus to gain new insights for the development of immunotherapy against human cases of H5N1. Using a biopanning based approach a large array of scFvs against H5N1 virus were isolated from the human semi-synthetic ETH-2 phage antibody library. H5N1 ELISA-positive scFvs with unique variable heavy (VH) and light (VL) chain gene sequences showed different biochemical properties and neutralization activity across H5N1 viral strains. In particular, the scFv clones AV.D1 and AV.C4 exerted a significant inhibition of the H5N1 A/Vietnam/1194/2004 virus infection in a pseudotype-based neutralization assay. Interestingly, these two scFvs displayed a cross-clade neutralizing activity versus A/whooping swan/Mongolia/244/2005 and A/Indonesia/5/2005 strains. These studies provide proof of the concept that human mAbs in scFv format with well-defined H5N1 recognition patterns and in vitro neutralizing activity can be easily and rapidly isolated by biopanning selection of an entirely artificial antibody repertoire using inactivated H5N1 virus as a bait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ascione
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Torosantucci A, Chiani P, Bromuro C, De Bernardis F, Palma AS, Liu Y, Mignogna G, Maras B, Colone M, Stringaro A, Zamboni S, Feizi T, Cassone A. Protection by anti-beta-glucan antibodies is associated with restricted beta-1,3 glucan binding specificity and inhibition of fungal growth and adherence. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5392. [PMID: 19399183 PMCID: PMC2670538 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-β-glucan antibodies elicited by a laminarin-conjugate vaccine confer cross-protection to mice challenged with major fungal pathogens such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus and Cryptococcus neoformans. To gain insights into protective β-glucan epitope(s) and protection mechanisms, we studied two anti-β-glucan monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with identical complementarity-determining regions but different isotypes (mAb 2G8, IgG2b and mAb 1E12, IgM). C. albicans, the most relevant fungal pathogen for humans, was used as a model. Both mAbs bound to fungal cell surface and to the β1,3-β1,6 glucan of the fungal cell wall skeleton, as shown by immunofluorescence, electron-microscopy and ELISA. They were also equally unable to opsonize fungal cells in a J774 macrophage phagocytosis and killing assay. However, only the IgG2b conferred substantial protection against mucosal and systemic candidiasis in passive vaccination experiments in rodents. Competition ELISA and microarray analyses using sequence-defined glucan oligosaccharides showed that the protective IgG2b selectively bound to β1,3-linked (laminarin-like) glucose sequences whereas the non-protective IgM bound to β1,6- and β1,4-linked glucose sequences in addition to β1,3-linked ones. Only the protective IgG2b recognized heterogeneous, polydisperse high molecular weight cell wall and secretory components of the fungus, two of which were identified as the GPI-anchored cell wall proteins Als3 and Hyr1. In addition, only the IgG2b inhibited in vitro two critical virulence attributes of the fungus, hyphal growth and adherence to human epithelial cells. Our study demonstrates that the isotype of anti-β-glucan antibodies may affect details of the β-glucan epitopes recognized, and this may be associated with a differing ability to inhibit virulence attributes of the fungus and confer protection in vivo. Our data also suggest that the anti-virulence properties of the IgG2b mAb may be linked to its capacity to recognize β-glucan epitope(s) on some cell wall components that exert critical functions in fungal cell wall structure and adherence to host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Torosantucci
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Chiani
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Bromuro
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia De Bernardis
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelina S. Palma
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Liu
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppina Mignogna
- Department of Biochemical Sciences ‘A. Rossi Fanelli’, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Maras
- Department of Biochemical Sciences ‘A. Rossi Fanelli’, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, Rome, Italy
| | - Marisa Colone
- Departments of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Annarita Stringaro
- Departments of Technology and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Zamboni
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ten Feizi
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Cassone
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Saavedra G, Ariki EK, Federico CD, Galhano G, Zamboni S, Baldissara P, Bottino MA, Valandro LF. Effect of Acid Neutralization and Mechanical Cycling on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Glass-ceramic Inlays. Oper Dent 2009; 34:211-6. [DOI: 10.2341/08-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical Relevance
Acid neutralization of the ceramic surface etched with hydrofluoric acid appears to be unnecessary.
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Mazza A, Armigliato M, Zamboni S, Rempelou P, Rubello D, Pessina AC, Casiglia E. Endocrine arterial hypertension: therapeutic approach in clinical practice. MINERVA ENDOCRINOL 2008; 33:297-312. [PMID: 18923367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the therapeutic approach of endocrine arterial hypertension in clinical practice. In mineralocorticoid-related hypertension, adrenalectomy is the treatment of choice for aldosterone-producing adenomas and monolateral primary aldosteronism, whereas pharmacologic blood pressure (BP) control is indicated for the other forms of primary aldosteronism such as bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. Spironolactone is the drug of choice, but intolerable side effects limit its use; amiloride or eplerenone are a valid alternative. If BP remains uncontrolled, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I), angiotensin II receptor antagonists (AII-RA) and calcium channel blockers (CCB) may be added. Hypertension accompanying Cushing's syndrome can be approached with surgery, but antihypertensive treatment both pre- and postoperative is required as well. Eplerenone, AII-RA and ACE-I are indicated, while peroxisome proliferator activated receptor upsilon agonists may help for the insulin resistance syndrome. Drugs that suppress steroidogenesis should be used with care because of their serious side effects. Subjects with catecholamine-dependent hypertension due to a neuroendocrine neoplasm need to undergo preoperative alpha-adrenergic blockade with phenoxybenzamine or doxazozine. When adequate alpha-adrenergic blockade is achieved, beta-adrenergic blockade with low dose propranolol may be added. If target BP is not achieved, CCB and/or metyrosine are indicated. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is the procedure of choice for solitary intra-adrenal neoplasms <8 cm. Acute hypertensive crises that may occur before or during surgery should be treated intravenously with sodium nitroprusside, phentolamine, nicardipine or labetalol. For malignant neoplasms, chemo- and radiopharmaceutical therapy may be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mazza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rovigo General Hospital, Rovigo, Italy.
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Mallano A, Zamboni S, Carpinelli G, Santoro F, Flego M, Ascione A, Gellini M, Tombesi M, Podo F, Cianfriglia M. Generation and characterization of a human single-chain fragment variable (scFv) antibody against cytosine deaminase from yeast. BMC Biotechnol 2008; 8:68. [PMID: 18783590 PMCID: PMC2547108 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-8-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2007] [Accepted: 09/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability of cytosine deaminase (CD) to convert the antifungal agent 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) into one of the most potent and largely used anticancer compound such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) raised considerable interest in this enzyme to model gene or antibody - directed enzyme-prodrug therapy (GDEPT/ADEPT) aiming to improve the therapeutic ratio (benefit versus toxic side-effects) of cancer chemotherapy. The selection and characterization of a human monoclonal antibody in single chain fragment (scFv) format represents a powerful reagent to allow in in vitro and in vivo detection of CD expression in GDEPT/ADEPT studies. RESULTS An enzymatic active recombinant CD from yeast (yCD) was expressed in E. coli system and used as antigen for biopanning approach of the large semi-synthetic ETH-2 antibody phage library. Several scFvs were isolated and specificity towards yCD was confirmed by Western blot and ELISA. Further, biochemical and functional investigations demonstrated that the binding of specific scFv with yCD did not interfere with the activity of the enzyme in converting 5-FC into 5-FU. CONCLUSION The construction of libraries of recombinant antibody fragments that are displayed on the surface of filamentous phage, and the selection of phage antibodies against target antigens, have become an important biotechnological tool in generating new monoclonal antibodies for research and clinical applications. The scFvH5 generated by this method is the first human antibody which is able to detect yCD in routinary laboratory techniques without interfering with its enzymatic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Mallano
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, Rome, Italy.
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Zamboni S, Mallano A, Flego M, Ascione A, Dupuis ML, Gellini M, Barca S, Cianfriglia M. Genetic construction, expression, and characterization of a single chain anti-CEA antibody fused to cytosine deaminase from yeast. Int J Oncol 2008; 32:1245-51. [PMID: 18497986 DOI: 10.3892/ijo_32_6_1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the genetic construction and expression of a fusion protein between a single chain fragment variable (scFv) human antibody (E8) specific for CEA cell surface antigen and yeast cytosine deaminase (yCD). Sequences encoding for the scFvE8 human monoclonal antibody recognizing an epitope shared by CEACAM1, CEACAM3 and CEACAM5 isoforms were assembled with a monomer of yCD. The construct was placed under the transcriptional regulation of the lac promoter, and in frame with 6xHis tag for protein purification. After transformation and induction of E. coli, the protein was recovered from cell lysates and processed for purification. The scFvE8:yCD fusion protein possessed the binding specificity for melanoma (Mel P5) and colon carcinoma (LoVo) cell lines similar to its cognate human scFv antibody. The scFv8:yCD system showed the ability to render tumor cells susceptible to the far less toxic substrate 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) by its enzymatic conversion into 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In vitro pre-treatment of Mel P5 and LoVo cell lines with scFvE8:yCD followed by cell washing and incubation with 5-FC, resulted in significant cell killing supporting the utility of this fusion protein as an agent for tumor-selective prodrug activation. This study shows the feasibility of constructing fusion proteins in a prokaryotic cell based system consisting of a human scFv antibody and yCD to convert the antifungal agent 5-FC to 5-FU, one of the widely used anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Zamboni
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
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Mazza A, Zamboni S, Marcolongo A, Casiglia E, Pessina A, Rempelou P, Bascelli A, Tikhonoff V, Cuppini S. 3.1 Genetics of Cardiovascular Risk in the Elderly: the ROVIGO study (Risk of Vascular Complication: Impact of Genetics in Old People). High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03263602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Mazza A, Zamboni S, Armigliato M, Zennaro R, Cuppini S, Rempelou P, Rubello D, Pessina AC. Endocrine arterial hypertension: diagnostic approach in clinical practice. MINERVA ENDOCRINOL 2008; 33:127-146. [PMID: 18272953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine arterial hypertension (EAH) a condition in which hormone excess results in clinically significant hypertension is a rare cause of hypertension. However in the last years its prevalence has increased, mostly due to the improvement of diagnostic work-up. In clinical practice, hypertensive subjects with suspicion of EAH currently undergo hormonal screening of the renin-aldosterone and catecholamines and glucocorticoids excess. This paper reviews current understanding for earlier recognition of the main forms of EAH and discusses screening laboratory methods and localization techniques that have enhanced the clinician's ability to make the diagnosis of EAH. Primary aldosteronism (PA) has recently been recognised as the most frequent cause of EAH. The aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR) is a highly recommended screening test for PA. When ARR is increased, confirmatory tests as saline infusion or fludrocortisone suppression are required. Differential diagnosis of PA requires adrenal gland imaging by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), biochemical testing of the aldosterone response to posture, and selective adrenal venous sampling to differentiate unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma from bilateral hyperplasia. Hypertension is frequently found in endogenous Cushing's Syndrome (CS). Twenty-four-hour urinary free cortisol measurement is the gold standard for the diagnosis of CS, but it must be confirmed by the overnight dexamethasone suppression test. CT and MRI are the primary imaging studies to perform, while scintigraphy is a useful confirmatory method. The most specific and sensitive diagnostic test for catecholamine-producing neoplasms is determination of urinary metanephrine levels; the neoplasms can be located by CT, MRI and metaiodo-benzylguanidine scintigraphy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mazza
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Rovigo General Hospital, Rovigo, Italy.
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Zamboni S, Mallano A, Flego M, Ascione A, Dupuis ML, Gellini M, Barca S, Cianfriglia M. Genetic construction, expression, and characterization of a single chain anti-CEA antibody fused to cytosine deaminase from yeast. Int J Oncol 2008. [PMID: 18497986 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.32.6.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the genetic construction and expression of a fusion protein between a single chain fragment variable (scFv) human antibody (E8) specific for CEA cell surface antigen and yeast cytosine deaminase (yCD). Sequences encoding for the scFvE8 human monoclonal antibody recognizing an epitope shared by CEACAM1, CEACAM3 and CEACAM5 isoforms were assembled with a monomer of yCD. The construct was placed under the transcriptional regulation of the lac promoter, and in frame with 6xHis tag for protein purification. After transformation and induction of E. coli, the protein was recovered from cell lysates and processed for purification. The scFvE8:yCD fusion protein possessed the binding specificity for melanoma (Mel P5) and colon carcinoma (LoVo) cell lines similar to its cognate human scFv antibody. The scFv8:yCD system showed the ability to render tumor cells susceptible to the far less toxic substrate 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) by its enzymatic conversion into 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In vitro pre-treatment of Mel P5 and LoVo cell lines with scFvE8:yCD followed by cell washing and incubation with 5-FC, resulted in significant cell killing supporting the utility of this fusion protein as an agent for tumor-selective prodrug activation. This study shows the feasibility of constructing fusion proteins in a prokaryotic cell based system consisting of a human scFv antibody and yCD to convert the antifungal agent 5-FC to 5-FU, one of the widely used anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Zamboni
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
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Mazza A, Zamboni S, Rizzato E, Pessina AC, Tikhonoff V, Schiavon L, Casiglia E. Serum uric acid shows a J-shaped trend with coronary mortality in non-insulin-dependent diabetic elderly people. The CArdiovascular STudy in the ELderly (CASTEL). Acta Diabetol 2007; 44:99-105. [PMID: 17721747 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-007-0249-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2006] [Accepted: 01/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality remains controversial, particularly in diabetic subjects. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether SUA independently predicts CHD mortality in non-insulin-dependent elderly people from the general population and to investigate the interactions between SUA and other risk factors. Five hundred and eighty-one subjects aged >/=65 years with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were prospectively studied in the frame of the CArdiovascular STudy in the ELderly (CASTEL). Historical and clinical data, blood tests and 12-year fatal events were recorded. SUA as a continuous item was divided into tertiles and, for each tertile, adjusted relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was derived from multivariate Cox analysis. CHD mortality was predicted by SUA in a J-shaped manner. Mortality rate was 7.9% (RR 1.28, CI 1.05-1.72), 6.0% (reference tertile) and 12.1% (RR 1.76, CI 1.18-2.27) in the increasing tertiles of SUA, respectively, without any difference between genders. In diabetic elderly subjects, SUA independently predicts the risk of CHD mortality in a J-shaped manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mazza
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Rovigo, Rovigo, Italy
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41
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Flego M, Ascione A, Zamboni S, Dupuis ML, Imperiale V, Cianfriglia M. Generation of human scFvs antibodies recognizing a prion protein epitope expressed on the surface of human lymphoblastoid cells. BMC Biotechnol 2007; 7:38. [PMID: 17605808 PMCID: PMC1933425 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-7-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2006] [Accepted: 07/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A hallmark of prion disease is the transformation of normal cellular prion protein (PrPc) into an infectious disease-associated isoform, (PrPsc). Anti-prion protein monoclonal antibodies are invaluable for structure-function studies of PrP molecules. Furthermore recent in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that anti-PrP monoclonal antibodies can prevent the incorporation of PrPc into propagating prions. In the present article, we show two new human phage antibodies, isolated on recombinant hamster prion protein (rHaPrP). RESULTS We adopted an antibody phage display strategy to isolate specific human antibodies directed towards rHaPrP which has been used as a bait for panning the synthetic ETH-2 antibody phage library. Two phage antibodies clones named MA3.B4 and MA3.G3 were isolated and characterized under genetic biochemical and immunocytochemical aspects. The clones were found to recognize the prion protein in ELISA studies. In flow-cytometry studies, these human single chain Fragment variable (scFv) phage-antibodies show a well defined pattern of reactivity on human lymphoblastoid and myeloid cells. CONCLUSION Sequence analysis of the gene encoding for the antibody fragments and antigen recognition patterns determined by flow-cytometry analysis indicate that the isolated scFvs recognize novel epitopes in the PrPc molecule. These new anti PrPc human antibodies are unique reagents for prion protein detection and may represent a biologic platform to develop new reagents to treat PrPsc associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Flego
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ascione
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Zamboni
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Dupuis
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Imperiale
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cianfriglia
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Mazza A, Zamboni S, Tikhonoff V, Scarpa R, Cuppini S, Zennaro R, Pessina AC, Casiglia E. Pulse hypertension: a new component of the metabolic syndrome in elderly women? J Hum Hypertens 2007; 21:934-41. [PMID: 17568753 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1002245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The classification of arterial hypertension (HT) to define metabolic syndrome (MS) is unclear in that different cutoffs of blood pressure (BP) have been proposed. We evaluated the categorization of HT most qualified to define MS in relationship with coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality at a population level. A total of 3257 subjects aged > or =65 years were followed up for 12 years. MS was defined according to the criteria of the National Education Cholesterol Program using three different categories of HT: MS-1 (systolic blood pressure (SBP) > or =130 and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > or =85 mm Hg), MS-2 (SBP > or =130 or DBP > or =85 mm Hg) and MS-3 (pulse pressure (PP) > or =75 mm Hg in men and > or =80 mm Hg in women). Gender-specific adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for CHD mortality was derived from Cox analysis in the three MS groups, both including and excluding antihypertensive treatment. In women with MS untreated for HT, the risk of CHD mortality was always significantly higher than in those without MS, independent of categorization; the HR of MS was 1.73 (CI 1.12-2.67) using MS-1, 1.75 (CI 1.10-2.83) using MS-2 and 2.39 (CI 3.71-1.31) using MS-3. In women with MS treated for HT, the HR of CHD mortality was significantly increased only in the MS-3 group (1.92, CI 1.1-2.88). MS did not predict CHD in men. In conclusion, MS can predict CHD mortality in elderly women with untreated HT but not in those with treated HT; in the latter, PP is the most predictive BP value.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mazza
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Rovigo, Rovigo, Italy
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Mazza A, Cuppini S, Zennaro R, Mpungu A, Armigliato M, Santoro G, Rempelou P, Fusaro A, Redi R, Rizzato E, Casiglia E, Zamboni S. Efficacy of Blood Pressure Control and Impact on Cardiovascular Risk Pattern of an Ambulatory of the Arterial Hypertension. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2007. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200714030-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Mazza A, Zamboni S, Tikhonoff V, Cuppini S, Zennaro R, Santoro G, Armigliato M, Mpungu A, Rempelou P, Guidotti F, Bolzon M, Pessina AC, Casiglia E. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: an Independent Risk Factor of Overall and Cardiovascular Mortality in Hypertensive Elderly Subjects from the General Population. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2007. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200714030-00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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45
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Flego M, Di Bonito P, Ascione A, Zamboni S, Carattoli A, Grasso F, Cassone A, Cianfriglia M. Generation of human antibody fragments recognizing distinct epitopes of the nucleocapsid (N) SARS-CoV protein using a phage display approach. BMC Infect Dis 2005; 5:73. [PMID: 16171519 PMCID: PMC1261265 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-5-73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2005] [Accepted: 09/19/2005] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV is a newly emerging virus that causes SARS with high mortality rate in infected people. Successful control of the global SARS epidemic will require rapid and sensitive diagnostic tests to monitor its spread, as well as, the development of vaccines and new antiviral compounds including neutralizing antibodies that effectively prevent or treat this disease. Methods The human synthetic single-chain fragment variable (scFv) ETH-2 phage antibody library was used for the isolation of scFvs against the nucleocapsid (N) protein of SARS-CoV using a bio panning-based strategy. The selected scFvs were characterized under genetics-molecular aspects and for SARS-CoV N protein detection in ELISA, western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Results Human scFv antibodies to N protein of SARS-CoV can be easily isolated by selecting the ETH-2 phage library on immunotubes coated with antigen. These in vitro selected human scFvs specifically recognize in ELISA and western blotting studies distinct epitopes in N protein domains and detect in immunohistochemistry investigations SARS-CoV particles in infected Vero cells. Conclusion The human scFv antibodies isolated and described in this study represent useful reagents for rapid detection of N SARS-CoV protein and SARS virus particles in infected target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Flego
- Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Di Bonito
- Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ascione
- Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Zamboni
- Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carattoli
- Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Felicia Grasso
- Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cassone
- Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cianfriglia
- Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Ascione A, Flego M, Zamboni S, De Cinti E, Dupuis ML, Cianfriglia M. Application of a Synthetic Phage Antibody Library (ETH-2) for the Isolation of Single Chain Fragment Variable (scFv) Human Antibodies to the Pathogenic Isoform of the Hamster Prion Protein (HaPrPsc). Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2005; 24:127-32. [PMID: 15943559 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2005.24.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
To overcome the limitation represented by the poor immunogenicity of prion protein (PrP) for conventional monoclonal antibodies preparation, we adopted an antibody phage display strategy to isolate specific human single chain fragment variable (scFv) directed towards the pathogenic isoform of the hamster prion protein (HaPrPsc). Phage-displaying HaPrPsc reactive scFvs were obtained after three rounds of selection of the ETH- 2 synthetic antibody library on HaPrPsc-coated immunotubes and subsequent amplification in TG1 E. coli cells. These phage-antibodies bind in ELISA to HaPrPsc and do not cross-react with the recombinant hamster prion protein (rHaPrP). Sequence analyses of the gene encoding for the antibody fragments and antigen recognition patterns determined by flow-cytometry on lymphoid cells indicate that the selected scFv recognize distinct epitopes in the PrPsc molecule. The results of this study demonstrate that display of scFvs on filamentous phage offers the possibility of producing phage antibodies showing immunoglobulin-like functions using only in vitro procedures, thus overcoming limitations of conventional hybridoma technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ascione
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Roma, Italy
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Ascione A, Flego M, Zamboni S, De Cinti E, Dupuis ML, Cianfriglia M. Isolation and characterization of the human monoclonal antibodies C10 in single-chain fragment variable (scFv) format to glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 23:380-4. [PMID: 15684666 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2004.23.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite biotechnological and clinical applications very few monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed to the enzyme glucose oxidase, have been produced so far because of the heavy side effects of the immunization schedule for conventional MAb preparation. In contrast, the phage display method allows for the selection of monoclonal human antibody fragments against any antigens, including toxic proteins. Furthermore, cDNA sequences encoding selected antibody fragments are readily identified, facilitating various molecular targeting approaches. In order to obtain such human fragments recognizing glucose oxidase, we used the large synthetic ETH-2 library based on the principle of protein design. Phage displaying glucose oxidase reactive scFvs were obtained after three rounds of selection on glucose oxidase-coated immunotubes and subsequent amplification in TG1 E. coli cells. Eventually, one high reactive scFv clone was selected and further examined. The anti-glucose oxidase scFv C10 was found suitable for Western blot; Biacore analysis showed that the binding affinity of the glucose oxidase-reactive scFv is almost equal that of MAbs prepared with conventional hybridoma technology. Finally, the cDNA sequence of this human scFv may be exploited to generate bispecific antibodies to target in the tumor environment-specific toxic enzymatic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ascione
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Drug Resistance and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Mazza A, Zamboni S, Tikhonoff V, Casiglia E, Armigliato M, Cuppini S, Pessina AC. Triglycerides + HDL-Cholesterol Dyslipidemia. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2005. [DOI: 10.2165/00151642-200512030-00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Ambra R, Grimaldi B, Zamboni S, Filetici P, Macino G, Ballario P. Photomorphogenesis in the hypogeous fungus Tuber borchii: isolation and characterization of Tbwc-1, the homologue of the blue-light photoreceptor of Neurospora crassa. Fungal Genet Biol 2004; 41:688-97. [PMID: 15275664 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2004.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2003] [Accepted: 02/08/2004] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Truffles form a group of plant-symbiotic Ascomycetes whose hypogeous life cycle is poorly understood. Here we present initial evidence for the influence of light on Tuber borchii mycelial growth and the identification and cloning of a gene, Tbwc-1, homologous to a blue-light photoreceptor of Neurospora crassa. Blue-light irradiation of T. borchii colonies inhibits their apical growth. It also alters apical growth in N. crassa. In Neurospora, the response is controlled by a nuclear photoreceptor, NcWC-1 (White Collar-1), which consists of a sensor domain (LOV) and a transcriptional factor moiety. We isolated a gene (Tbwc-1) whose deduced amino acid sequence shows a high similarity and colinearity of domains with NcWC-1, except for the polyglutamine regions. As previously found in Neurospora, Tbwc-1 mRNA is under light control and its steady state level increases upon irradiation. In silico analysis of the TbWC-1 sensor domain (LOV) supports the hypothesis that TbWC-1 is a photoreceptor, while the absence of the two polyglutamine regions involved in transcriptional activation in Neurospora suggests that this function in Tuber could be lost.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Ascomycota/cytology
- Ascomycota/genetics
- Ascomycota/growth & development
- Cloning, Molecular
- Conserved Sequence
- DNA, Fungal/chemistry
- DNA, Fungal/isolation & purification
- DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/isolation & purification
- Fungal Proteins/chemistry
- Fungal Proteins/genetics
- Fungal Proteins/isolation & purification
- Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
- Genes, Fungal
- Light
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Morphogenesis
- Mycelium/genetics
- Mycelium/growth & development
- Neurospora crassa/genetics
- Photoreceptors, Microbial/genetics
- Photoreceptors, Microbial/isolation & purification
- Polyglutamic Acid/genetics
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- RNA, Fungal/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Transcription Factors/chemistry
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/isolation & purification
- Transcription, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ambra
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia c/o V Clinica Medica, Policlinico Umberto I, Università La Sapienza, viale Regina Elena 324, Rome 00161, Italy
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Gastaldon F, Brendolan A, Crepaldi C, Frisone P, Zamboni S, d'Intini V, Poulin S, Hector R, Granziero A, Martins K, Gellert R, Inguaggiato P, Ronco C. Effects of novel manufacturing technology on blood and dialysate flow distribution in a new low flux "alpha Polysulfone" hemodialyzer. Int J Artif Organs 2003; 26:105-12. [PMID: 12653343 DOI: 10.1177/039139880302600203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main target for low flux hemodialyzers is an efficient low molecular weight solutes clearance. Such efficiency is largely dependent on the optimization of diffusion between blood and dialysis solution. The diffusion process can be impaired if there is a mismatch between blood and dialysate flow distribution in the dialyzer. Thus optimized flow distribution both in the blood and dialysate compartment becomes quintessential for the maximal efficiency of the diffusion process within the hemodialyzer. The present paper describes the distribution of the blood and dialysate flows in a new low flux polysulfone hollow fiber hemodialyzer characterized by a specific undulation of the fibers and a new cutting technology of the fibers for an improved micro-flow condition in the blood compartment headers. Twelve Diacap alpha Polysulfone LO PS 15 (1.5 sqm) (B. Braun Medizintechnologie, Melsungen Germany) were employed for the study. Six were analyzed in vitro and six were studied in vivo. Blood flow distribution was studied in vitro by dye injection in the blood compartment during experimental extracorporeal circulation utilizing human blood with hematocrit adjusted at 33%. Sequential images were obtained with a helical scanner in a fixed longitudinal section of the dialyzer 1 cm thick. Average and regional blood flow velocities were measured utilizing the reconstructed imaging sequence. The method allowed the calculation of single fiber blood flow (SF Qb) and the mass transfer zone (MTR) definition in digitally subtracted images. The patterns 20-10 and 40-30 were utilized. The same technology was used to evaluate flow distribution in the dialysate compartment after dye injection in the Hansen's connector. Regional dialysate flow was calculated in central and peripheral sample areas of 1 cm2. Six in vivo hemodialysis treatments on patients with end stage renal disease were performed at three different blood flow rates (250-350 and 450 ml/min) in order to measure urea, creatinine and phosphate clearance. Macroscopic and densitometrical analysis revealed that flow distribution was homogeneous in the blood compartment while in the dialysate compartment a slight difference between the peripheral and central regions in terms of flow velocity was observed. This however was not generating channeling phenomena. Urea creatinine and phosphate clearances were remarkably high and so were the Kt/V observed in all sessions, especially in relation to the studied blood flows. In conclusion, a significant blood to dialysate flow match with optimized countercurrent flow condition was observed in the studied hollow fiber hemodialyzers. Such optimization might be due both to the improved dialyzer design at the level of the blood header and to the specific fiber undulation that prevents dialysate channeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gastaldon
- Department of Nephrology, St. Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
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