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Lu H, Tan A, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Ran S, Wang P. Neuroprotective effects of Shenghui decoction via inhibition of the JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway in an AlCl 3-induced zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of Alzheimer's disease. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 328:117993. [PMID: 38423408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multi-factorial degenerative disease, and multi-targeted therapies targeting multiple pathogenic mechanisms should be explored. Shenghui decoction (SHD) is an ancient traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula used clinically to alleviate AD. However, the precise mechanism of action of SHD as a therapeutic agent for AD remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the neuroprotective properties and potential mechanisms of action of SHD in mitigating AD-like symptoms induced by AlCl3 in a zebrafish model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Active components of SHD were detected using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Zebrafish were exposed to AlCl3 (200 μg/L) for 30 days to establish an AD zebrafish model. AlCl3-exposed zebrafish were treated with SHD or donepezil. Behavioral tests were used to assess learning and memory, locomotor activity, and AD-related anxiety and aggression in AlCl3-exposed zebrafish. Nissl staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to evaluate histological alterations in brain neurons. The concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α; interleukin-1β, IL-1β) were quantified using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Markers of oxidative stress and cholinergic activity (acetylcholinesterase, AChE) were detected using biochemical assays. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to detect the protein expression levels of Aβ, p-tau, PSD-95, synaptophysin, TLR4, phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, p38, and JNK. RESULTS Fifteen SHD compounds were identified by UPLC-MS/MS analysis. SHD improved AlCl3-induced dyskinesia, learning and memory impairment, anxiety-like behavior, and aggressive behavior in zebrafish. AlCl3-exposed zebrafish showed AD-like pathology, overexpression of Aβ, hyperphosphorylated tau protein, marked neuronal damage, decreased expression of synaptic proteins, synaptophysin, and PSD-95, and impairment of synaptic structural plasticity. These effects were reversed by the SHD treatment. We also observed that SHD ameliorated oxidative stress and decreased AChE activity and inflammatory cytokine levels. These effects are similar to those observed for donepezil. Meanwhile, SHD could decrease the protein expression of TLR4 and inhibit phosphorylation of NF-κB, JNK, and p38 MAPK. These results demonstrate that SHD has the potential to exert neuroprotective effects, which may be partly mediated via inhibition of the JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed the therapeutic mechanism of SHD in mitigating AD progression and suggested that SHD is a potent neuroprotectant that contributes to the future development of TCM modernization and broader clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Lu
- Institute of Geriatrics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Aihua Tan
- Institute of Geriatrics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China; Huanggang Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huanggang, 438000, China.
| | - Yini Zhang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Yumeng Chen
- Institute of Geriatrics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Simiao Ran
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530200, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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Lu H, Zhang Y, Ran S, Chen Y, Ye Z, Huang M, Wang P. Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviates sleep deprivation-induced learning and memory impairment by inhibiting excessive neuronal apoptosis in zebrafish. Neuroreport 2023; 34:566-574. [PMID: 37384937 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation impairs learning and memory. The neuroprotective function of ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) has been reported. This study aimed to investigate the alleviative effect and underlying mechanism of action of Rg1 on learning and memory deficits induced by sleep deprivation. Using 72 h of LED light to establish sleep deprivation model and treatment with Rg1-L (0.5 mg/ml), Rg1-H (1 mg/ml), and melatonin (positive control, 0.25 mg/ml), we investigated the behavioral performance of sleep deprivation zebrafish through 24 h autonomous movement tracking, a novel tank diving test, and a T-maze test. Brain injuries and ultrastructural changes were observed, brain water content was measured, and apoptotic events were analyzed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling staining. The oxidation-associated biomarkers superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activity and lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde content were detected. Real-time PCR and western blotting were performed to detect the levels of apoptotic molecules (Bax, caspase-3, and Bcl-2). Rg1-treatment was observed to improve the behavioral performance of sleep-deprivation fish, alleviate brain impairment, and increase oxidative stress-related enzyme activity. Rg1 can effectively exhibit neuroprotective functions and improve learning and memory impairments caused by sleep deprivation, which could be mediated by the Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 apoptotic signaling pathway (see Supplementary Video Abstract, Supplemental digital content, http://links.lww.com/WNR/A702 which demonstrates our research objectives, introduction overview of Rg1, and main direction of future research).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan
| | - Yini Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan
| | - Simiao Ran
- HuangGang Hospital of TCM Affifiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huang Gang
| | - Yumeng Chen
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Zijing Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan
| | - Mengying Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Pei X, Yao J, Ran S, Lu H, Yang S, Zhang Y, Wang M, Shi H, Tan A. Association of serum water-soluble vitamin exposures with the risk of metabolic syndrome: results from NHANES 2003-2006. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1167317. [PMID: 37251666 PMCID: PMC10213561 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1167317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Existing evidence suggests an association between certain vitamins and metabolic syndrome (MetS), but few epidemiological studies have focused on the effects of multivitamin co-exposure on MetS. This study aims to investigate the associations of the individual or multiple water-soluble vitamins (i.e., vitamin C (VC), vitamin B9 (VB9), and vitamin B12 (VB12)) with co-exposure to MetS, as well as the dose-response relationships among them. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted by employing the National Health and Examination Surveys (NHANESs) 2003-2006. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models were used to explore the association between individual serum water-soluble vitamins and the risk of MetS and its components, including waist circumference, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose. Restricted cubic splines were performed to explore the dose-response relationships among them. The quantile g-computation method was adopted to explore the associations of multiple water-soluble vitamins co-exposure with MetS risk and MetS components. Results A total of 8983 subjects were involved in the study, of whom 1443 were diagnosed with MetS. The MetS groups had a higher proportion of participants with age ≥60 years, BMI ≥30 kg/m2, and insufficient physical activity. Compared with the lowest quartile, the third (OR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.94) and highest quartiles (OR=0.52, 95%CI: 0.35, 0.76) of VC were associated with lower MetS risk. Restricted cubic splines showed negative dose-response relationships among VC, VB9 and VB12, and MetS. Regarding MetS components, higher VC quartiles were associated with lower waist circumference, triglyceride, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose, while higher VC and VB9 quartiles were associated with higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Co-exposure to VC, VB9, and VB12 was significantly inversely associated with MetS, with ORs (95% CI) of 0.81 (0.74, 0.89) and 0.84 (0.78, 0.90) in the conditional and marginal structural models, respectively. Furthermore, we found that VC, VB9, and VB12 co-exposure were negatively associated with waist circumference and blood pressure, while VC, VB9, and VB12 co-exposure were positively associated with HDL. Conclusion This study revealed negative associations of VC, VB9, and VB12 with MetS, while the high water-soluble vitamin co-exposure was associated with a lower MetS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Pei
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Junjie Yao
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Simiao Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology, HuangGang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huanggang, Hubei, China
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haifei Lu
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, HuangGang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Yini Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Miyuan Wang
- School of Management Beijing, University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Heyuan Shi
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Aihua Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, HuangGang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huanggang, Hubei, China
- Basic Medicine College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine / Postdoctoral Station of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Peng H, Pan L, Ran S, Wang M, Huang S, Zhao M, Cao Z, Yao Z, Xu L, Yang Q, Lv W. Prediction of MAFLD and NAFLD using different screening indexes: A cross-sectional study in U.S. adults. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1083032. [PMID: 36742412 PMCID: PMC9892768 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1083032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. We aimed to explore the gender-related association between nine indexes (BMI/WC/VAI/LAP/WHtR/TyG/TyG-BMI/TyG-WC/TyG-WHtR) and MAFLD/NAFLD and examine their diagnostic utility for these conditions. METHODS Eligible participants were screened from the 2017-2018 cycle data of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to assess the predictive performance of 9 indexes for MAFLD/NAFLD. RESULTS Among the 809 eligible individuals, 478 had MAFLD and 499 had NAFLD. After adjusting for gender, age, ethnicity, FIPR and education level, positive associations with the risk of MAFLD/NAFLD were found for all the nine indexes. For female, TyG-WHtR presented the best performance in identifying MAFLD/NAFLD, with AUC of 0.845 (95% CI = 0.806-0.879) and 0.831 (95% CI = 0.791-0.867) respectively. For male, TyG-WC presented the best performance in identifying MAFLD/NAFLD, with AUC of 0.900 (95% CI = 0.867-0.927) and 0.855 (95% CI = 0.817-0.888) respectively. CONCLUSION BMI/WC/VAI/LAP/WHtR/TyG/TyG-BMI/TyG-WC/TyG-WHtR are important indexes to identify the risk of MAFLD and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Peng
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wenliang Lv, ; Hongye Peng,
| | - Liang Pan
- Phase 1 Clinical Trial Center, Deyang People’s Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Simiao Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology, HuangGang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Miyuan Wang
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuxia Huang
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mo Zhao
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengmin Cao
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziang Yao
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Yang
- School of Foreign Languages and Culture, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenliang Lv
- Department of Infection, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wenliang Lv, ; Hongye Peng,
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5
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Hayes IM, Wei DS, Metz T, Zhang J, Eo YS, Ran S, Saha SR, Collini J, Butch NP, Agterberg DF, Kapitulnik A, Paglione J. Multicomponent superconducting order parameter in UTe 2. Science 2021; 373:797-801. [PMID: 34385397 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
An unconventional superconducting state was recently discovered in uranium ditelluride (UTe2), in which spin-triplet superconductivity emerges from the paramagnetic normal state of a heavy-fermion material. The coexistence of magnetic fluctuations and superconductivity, together with the crystal structure of this material, suggests that a distinctive set of symmetries, magnetic properties, and topology underlie the superconducting state. Here, we report observations of a nonzero polar Kerr effect and of two transitions in the specific heat upon entering the superconducting state, which together suggest that the superconductivity in UTe2 is characterized by a two-component order parameter that breaks time-reversal symmetry. These data place constraints on the symmetries of the order parameter and inform the discussion on the presence of topological superconductivity in UTe2.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Hayes
- Department of Physics, Quantum Materials Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - D S Wei
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.,Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - T Metz
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Department of Physics, Quantum Materials Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Physics, Quantum Materials Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Y S Eo
- Department of Physics, Quantum Materials Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - S Ran
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Physics, Quantum Materials Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - S R Saha
- Department of Physics, Quantum Materials Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - J Collini
- Department of Physics, Quantum Materials Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - N P Butch
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.,Department of Physics, Quantum Materials Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - D F Agterberg
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - A Kapitulnik
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. .,Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences (SIMES), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - J Paglione
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. .,Department of Physics, Quantum Materials Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.,NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.,The Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Yamamoto S, Satoh I, Kakimoto M, Fujii M, Matsui M, Takahashi Y, Mirokuin K, Ran S, Tamura S, Hirohata S, Watanabe S. The novel liver x receptor beta agonist, ouabagenin, prevent arterial lipid deposition in SHRSP5/DMCR rat. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Satoh I, Yamamoto S, Kakimoto M, Fujii M, Matsui M, Takahashi Y, Mirokuin K, Ran S, Hirohata S, Watanabe S. Obeticholic acid ameliorates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and atherosclerosis in SHRSP5/Dmcr rats. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Yamamoto S, Satoh I, Kakimoto M, Fujii M, Matsui M, Takahashi Y, Mirokuin K, Ran S, Tamura S, Hirohata S, Watanabe S. The novel liver X receptor beta agonist, ouabagenin, prevent arterial lipid deposition in SHRSP5/Dmcr rat. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Wen J, Tang J, Ran S, Ho H. Computational modelling for the spiral flow in umbilical arteries with different systole/diastole flow velocity ratios. Med Eng Phys 2020; 84:96-102. [PMID: 32977927 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The systole/diastole (S/D) flow velocity ratios in umbilical arteries (UAs) have been used to assess the health status of the feto-placental circulation, yet its connection to the morphology of UAs, specifically its coiling pattern remains unclear. Spiral flow induces unbalanced wall shear stress (WSS) distribution in UAs, and may contribute to the uneven arterial wall thickness, and the chirality. In this paper, we use a 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique to quantify the wall shear stress (WSS) in UA models of two configurations, i.e. at 0.17 and 0.50 spirals per centimeter, to represent normo- and hyper-coiling, respectively. For CFD simulations we use two different S/D ratios (3.02 and 5.70) revealed from the ultrasonography waveforms of a normal and an intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) case. We found that more coils in the UA model enhanced WSS throughout a cardiac cycle (up to 24%) with the same inflow condition. In addition, time-averaged WSS are generally increased and more uneven in the hyper-coiling model. We suggest that the large WSS difference between the peak systole and end diastole (62% higher in the IURG case than the normal case) may induce uneven stenosis distribution at UAs, and contribute to UA chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wen
- Institute of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - J Tang
- Ultrasound Department, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China
| | - S Ran
- Ultrasound Department, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China.
| | - H Ho
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Sundar S, Gheidi S, Akintola K, Côté AM, Dunsiger SR, Ran S, Butch NP, Saha SR, Paglione J, Sonier JE. Coexistence of ferromagnetic fluctuations and superconductivity in the actinide superconductor UTe 2. Phys Rev B 2019; 100:10.1103/physrevb.100.140502. [PMID: 34131607 PMCID: PMC8201662 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.100.140502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report low-temperature muon spin relaxation/rotation (μSR) measurements on single crystals of the actinide superconductor UTe2. Below 5 K we observe a continuous slowing down of magnetic fluctuations that persists through the superconducting transition temperature (T c = 1.6 K), but we find no evidence of long-range or local magnetic order down to 0.025 K. The temperature dependence of the dynamic relaxation rate down to 0.4 K agrees with the self-consistent renormalization theory of spin fluctuations for a three-dimensional weak itinerant ferromagnetic metal. Our μSR measurements also indicate that the superconductivity coexists with the magnetic fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Sundar
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - S Gheidi
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - K Akintola
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - A M Côté
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
- Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada V6X 3X7
| | - S R Dunsiger
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
- Centre for Molecular and Materials Science, TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 2A3
| | - S Ran
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
- Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - N P Butch
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
- Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S R Saha
- Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J Paglione
- Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1Z8
| | - J E Sonier
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1Z8
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Brubaker ZE, Ran S, Said AH, Manley ME, Söderlind P, Rosas D, Idell Y, Zieve RJ, Butch NP, Jeffries JR. Phonon dispersion of Mo-stabilized γ-U measured using inelastic x-ray scattering. Phys Rev B 2019; 100:10.1103/physrevb.100.094311. [PMID: 33553858 PMCID: PMC7860637 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.100.094311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the room-temperature phonon spectrum of Mo-stabilized γ-U. The dispersion curves show unusual softening near the H point, q = [1/2, 1/2, 1/2], which may derive from the metastability of the γ-U phase or from strong electron-phonon coupling. Near the zone center, the dispersion curves agree well with theory, though significant differences are observed away from the zone center. The experimental phonon density of states is shifted to higher energy compared to theory and high-temperature neutron scattering. The elastic constants of γ-UMo are similar to those of body-centered cubic elemental metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z E Brubaker
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S Ran
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
- Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A H Said
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M E Manley
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - P Söderlind
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - D Rosas
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - Y Idell
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - R J Zieve
- Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - N P Butch
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
- Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J R Jeffries
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - S. Ran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Q. Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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13
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Ran S, Chu M, Gu S, Wang J, Liang J. Enterococcus faecalis
induces apoptosis and pyroptosis of human osteoblastic MG63 cells via the NLRP3 inflammasome. Int Endod J 2018; 52:44-53. [PMID: 29904931 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Ran
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology; Shanghai China
| | - M. Chu
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology; Shanghai China
| | - S. Gu
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology; Shanghai China
| | - J. Wang
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology; Shanghai China
| | - J. Liang
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology; Shanghai China
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Kung HH, Ran S, Kanchanavatee N, Krapivin V, Lee A, Mydosh JA, Haule K, Maple MB, Blumberg G. Analogy Between the "Hidden Order" and the Orbital Antiferromagnetism in URu_{2-x}Fe_{x}Si_{2}. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:227601. [PMID: 27925725 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.227601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We study URu_{2-x}Fe_{x}Si_{2}, in which two types of staggered phases compete at low temperature as the iron concentration x is varied: the nonmagnetic "hidden order" (HO) phase below the critical concentration x_{c}, and unconventional antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase above x_{c}. By using polarization resolved Raman spectroscopy, we detect a collective mode of pseudovectorlike A_{2g} symmetry whose energy continuously evolves with increasing x; it monotonically decreases in the HO phase until it vanishes at x=x_{c}, and then reappears with increasing energy in the AFM phase. The mode's evolution provides direct evidence for a unified order parameter for both nonmagnetic and magnetic phases arising from the orbital degrees-of-freedom of the uranium-5f electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-H Kung
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - S Ran
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Center for Advanced Nanoscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - N Kanchanavatee
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Center for Advanced Nanoscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - V Krapivin
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - A Lee
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - J A Mydosh
- Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - K Haule
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - M B Maple
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Center for Advanced Nanoscience, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - G Blumberg
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
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Pei YF, Xie ZG, Wang XY, Hu WZ, Li LB, Ran S, Lin Y, Hai R, Shen H, Tian Q, Zhang YH, Lei SF, Papasian CJ, Deng HW, Zhang L. Association of 3q13.32 variants with hip trochanter and intertrochanter bone mineral density identified by a genome-wide association study. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:3343-3354. [PMID: 27311723 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3663-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We performed a GWAS of trochanter and intertrochanter bone mineral density (BMD) in the Framingham Heart Study and replicated in three independent studies. Our results identified one novel locus around the associated variations at chromosomal region 3q13.32 and replicated two loci at chromosomal regions 3p21 and 8q24. Our findings provide useful insights that enhance our understanding of bone development, osteoporosis, and fracture pathogenesis. INTRODUCTION Hip trochanter (TRO) and intertrochanter (INT) subregions have important clinical relevance to subtrochanteric and intertrochanteric fractures but have rarely been studied by genome-wide association studies (GWASs). METHODS Aiming to identify genomic loci associated with BMD variation at TRO and INT regions, we performed a GWAS utilizing the Framingham Heart Study (FHS, N = 6,912) as discovery sample and utilized the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) African-American subsample (N = 845), WHI Hispanic subsample (N = 446), and Omaha osteoporosis study (N = 971), for replication. RESULTS Combining the evidence from both the discovery and the replication samples, we identified one novel locus around the associated variations at chromosomal region 3q13.32 (rs1949542, discovery p = 6.16 × 10-8, replication p = 2.86 × 10-4 for INT-BMD; discovery p = 1.35 × 10-7, replication p = 4.16 × 10-4 for TRO-BMD, closest gene RP11-384F7.1). We also replicated two loci at chromosomal regions 3p21 (rs148725943, discovery p = 6.61 × 10-7, replication p = 5.22 × 10-4 for TRO-BMD, closest gene CTNNB1) and 8q24 (rs7839059, discovery p = 2.28 × 10-7, replication p = 1.55 × 10-3 for TRO-BMD, closest gene TNFRSF11B) that were reported previously. We demonstrated that the effects at both 3q13.32 and 3p21 were specific to the TRO, but not to the femoral neck and spine. In contrast, the effect at 8q24 was common to all the sites. CONCLUSION Our findings provide useful insights that enhance our understanding of bone development, osteoporosis, and fracture pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-F Pei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Z-G Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - X-Y Wang
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - W-Z Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-ai Rd., Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - L-B Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - S Ran
- Center of System Biomedical Sciences, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Lin
- Center of System Biomedical Sciences, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - R Hai
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - H Shen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Q Tian
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y-H Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - S-F Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-ai Rd., Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - C J Papasian
- Department of Basic Medical Science, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - H-W Deng
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal St., Suite 2001, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| | - L Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren-ai Rd., Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215123, People's Republic of China.
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Ran S, Wang J, Jiang W, Zhu C, Liang J. Assessment of dentinal tubule invasion capacity of Enterococcus faecalis under stress conditions ex vivo. Int Endod J 2014; 48:362-72. [PMID: 24872016 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the dentinal tubule invasion capacity of Enterococcus faecalis under alkaline and energy starvation stress conditions. METHODOLOGY The root canals from human single-rooted teeth (n = 40) were infected with E. faecalis under alkaline (pH 9, 10, 11 and 12) and energy starvation (no glucose, 0.05% glucose and 0.15% glucose) stress conditions. The root canals were prepared in a standard manner and treated to remove the smear layer before incubation. After 4 weeks of cultivation, the roots were split vertically into two halves: one half was processed for biofilm formation analysis using a scanning electron microscope; the other half was stained with fluorescent DNA-binding reagents, washed thoroughly and sectioned (100 μm thick), and the depth of tubule invasion by the microorganism was examined by confocal laser-scanning microscopy. The extent of dentine tubule invasion was analysed statistically. RESULTS The E. faecalis strain resulted in biofilm formation and dentine tubules invasion under all of the stress conditions, except for pH 11 and 12 conditions. However, the tubule penetration distance was markedly reduced in these stress conditions (P < 0.01) compared with in tryptic soy broth (TSB) or pH 7 medium. The invasion depth in the middle root dentine was significantly higher than in the apical sections in TSB and energy starvation medium (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Ex vivo E. faecalis formed biofilms and colonized dentine under alkaline and glucose starvation stress conditions, but its ability to invade dentine tubules was significantly decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ran
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Soh JH, Tucker GS, Pratt DK, Abernathy DL, Stone MB, Ran S, Bud'ko SL, Canfield PC, Kreyssig A, McQueeney RJ, Goldman AI. Inelastic neutron scattering study of a nonmagnetic collapsed tetragonal phase in nonsuperconducting CaFe2As2: evidence of the impact of spin fluctuations on superconductivity in the iron-arsenide compounds. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:227002. [PMID: 24329466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.227002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations and superconductivity has become a central topic of research in studies of superconductivity in the iron pnictides. We present unambiguous evidence of the absence of magnetic fluctuations in the nonsuperconducting collapsed tetragonal phase of CaFe2As2 via inelastic neutron scattering time-of-flight data, which is consistent with the view that spin fluctuations are a necessary ingredient for unconventional superconductivity in the iron pnictides. We demonstrate that the collapsed tetragonal phase of CaFe2As2 is nonmagnetic, and discuss this result in light of recent reports of high-temperature superconductivity in the collapsed tetragonal phase of closely related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Soh
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - G S Tucker
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D K Pratt
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - D L Abernathy
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M B Stone
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S Ran
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S L Bud'ko
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - P C Canfield
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A Kreyssig
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - R J McQueeney
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A I Goldman
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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Dioguardi AP, Crocker J, Shockley AC, Lin CH, Shirer KR, Nisson DM, Lawson MM, apRoberts-Warren N, Canfield PC, Bud'ko SL, Ran S, Curro NJ. Coexistence of cluster spin glass and superconductivity in Ba(Fe(1-x)Co(x))2As2 for 0.060≤x≤0.071. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:207201. [PMID: 24289706 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.207201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present 75As nuclear magnetic resonance data from measurements of a series of Ba(Fe(1-x)Co(x))2As2 crystals with 0.00≤x≤0.075 that reveals the coexistence of frozen antiferromagnetic domains and superconductivity for 0.060≤x≤0.071. Although bulk probes reveal no long range antiferromagnetic order beyond x=0.06, we find that the local spin dynamics reveal no qualitative change across this transition. The characteristic domain sizes vary by more than an order of magnitude, reaching a maximum variation at x=0.06. This inhomogeneous glassy dynamics may be an intrinsic response to the competition between superconductivity and antiferromagnetism in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Dioguardi
- Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Kim MG, Tucker GS, Pratt DK, Ran S, Thaler A, Christianson AD, Marty K, Calder S, Podlesnyak A, Bud'ko SL, Canfield PC, Kreyssig A, Goldman AI, McQueeney RJ. Magnonlike dispersion of spin resonance in Ni-doped BaFe2As2. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:177002. [PMID: 23679760 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.177002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Inelastic neutron scattering measurements on Ba(Fe0.963Ni0.037)2As2 manifest a neutron spin resonance in the superconducting state with anisotropic dispersion within the Fe layer. Whereas the resonance is sharply peaked at the antiferromagnetic (AFM) wave vector Q(AFM) along the orthorhombic a axis, the resonance disperses upwards away from Q(AFM) along the b axis. In contrast to the downward dispersing resonance and hourglass shape of the spin excitations in superconducting cuprates, the resonance in electron-doped BaFe2As2 compounds possesses a magnonlike upwards dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Kim
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
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Patz A, Li T, Ran S, Bud’ko S, Canfield P, Wang J. Photoinduced femtosecond relaxation of antiferromagnetic orders in the iron pnictides revealed by ultrafast laser ellipsometry. EPJ Web of Conferences 2013. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20134103011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Kim MG, Lamsal J, Heitmann TW, Tucker GS, Pratt DK, Khan SN, Lee YB, Alam A, Thaler A, Ni N, Ran S, Bud'ko SL, Marty KJ, Lumsden MD, Canfield PC, Harmon BN, Johnson DD, Kreyssig A, McQueeney RJ, Goldman AI. Effects of transition metal substitutions on the incommensurability and spin fluctuations in BaFe2As2 by elastic and inelastic neutron scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:167003. [PMID: 23215117 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.167003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The spin fluctuation spectra from nonsuperconducting Cu-substituted, and superconducting Co-substituted, BaFe(2)As(2) are compared quantitatively by inelastic neutron scattering measurements and are found to be indistinguishable. Whereas diffraction studies show the appearance of incommensurate spin-density wave order in Co and Ni substituted samples, the magnetic phase diagram for Cu substitution does not display incommensurate order, demonstrating that simple electron counting based on rigid-band concepts is invalid. These results, supported by theoretical calculations, suggest that substitutional impurity effects in the Fe plane play a significant role in controlling magnetism and the appearance of superconductivity, with Cu distinguished by enhanced impurity scattering and split-band behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Kim
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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Volk LD, Wilber A, Trieu V, Desai N, Ran S. Abstract P1-03-09: Combination of nab-Paclitaxel and Bevacizumab Inhibited Tumor Growth and Metastasis of New Inflammatory Breast Cancer Models. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p1-03-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a highly lethal form of breast cancer which is characterized by skin redness, irritation, swelling, pain, as well as extensive lymph nodes (LN) and hematogenous metastasis. Animal models of IBC are highly desirable for studying its pathology and for designing effective therapies. In this study, we established two new luciferase-and fluorescently-labeled IBC models and tested the efficacy of the novel drug combination nab-paclitaxel and bevacizumab. Methods: Inflammatory SUM149 breast cancer cells were stably transfected with Red Fluorescent Protein (RFP) and Renilla luciferase to establish SUM149-RR, or infected with lentivirus encoding Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) and Firefly luciferase to establish SUM149- GL. The new cell lines were characterized both in vitro and in vivo. Immunodeficient mice bearing SUM149-RR tumors of 150mm3 in size were treated with saline (control), bevacizumab (4 mg/kg, i.p., twice a week, for 10 weeks), nab-paclitaxel (10 mg/kg, i.v., qdx5), or the combination. Metastasis was analyzed by measuring luciferase activity in the lymph nodes (LN) and lungs.
Results: Luciferase measurements and in vivo imaging showed that both SUM149-RR and-GL clones were highly metastatic to LN, lungs, liver, brain, and spleen. SUM149-RR tumors in control mice displayed ulcerations, edema and redness similar to the clinical disease, while tumors in mice treated with bevacizumab or combination therapy showed no signs of inflammation. Bevacizumab alone decreased tumor growth at later but not early stages of tumor growth, whereas nab-paclitaxel alone inhibited tumor growth by 73%. Combination therapy increased inhibition to 96%, and resulted in 22% (2/9) complete responses. Histologically, tumors from bevacizumab treated groups were more morphologically intact with reduced vascular abnormalities than tumors from control or nab-paclitaxel treated mice. LN and lung metastasis was significantly reduced in all treated groups as compared with control.
Conclusions: The SUM149-RR and SUM149-GL lines are new double-tagged models of human IBC that allow organ visualization and accurate quantification of metastasis. These models can be used to study the biology and treatment of IBC. Combination of nab-paclitaxel with bevacizumab was highly effective against SUM149-RR, suggesting the potential usefulness of this regimen for treatment of IBC patients.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-03-09.
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Affiliation(s)
- LD Volk
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield; Abraxis BioScience, Los Angeles, CA
| | - A Wilber
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield; Abraxis BioScience, Los Angeles, CA
| | - V Trieu
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield; Abraxis BioScience, Los Angeles, CA
| | - N Desai
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield; Abraxis BioScience, Los Angeles, CA
| | - S. Ran
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield; Abraxis BioScience, Los Angeles, CA
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Ran S, Trieu V, Volk LD, Wilber A, Desai N. Abstract P1-03-11: Combination of nab-Paclitaxel and Bevacizumab Inhibited Tumor Growth and Metastasis of a New Triple Negative Breast Cancer Model. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p1-03-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancers are highly aggressive and resistant to chemotherapy. In this study, we established a new model of triple-negative breast cancer and used it to test the novel combination of nab-paclitaxel with anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab, which has been effective in treating other metastatic cancer types. Methods: The triple-negative HCC1806 beast cancer cells were stably transfected with dual reporters Red Fluorescent Protein (RFP) and Renilla luciferase to establish the new HCC1806-RR model. Immunodeficient mice bearing orthotopic HCC1806-RR tumors of 150mm3 in size were treated with saline (control), bevacizumab (4 mg/kg. i.p., twice a week, for 10 weeks), nab-paclitaxel (10 mg/kg, i.v., qdx5), or with combination of nab-paclitaxel and bevacizumab. Metastasis was analyzed by measuring luciferase activity in the lymph nodes (LN) and lungs. Results: The HCC1806-RR cells had identical morphology, proliferation rates and sensitivity to nab-paclitaxel as the parental HCC1806 cell line. HCC1806-RR tumors primarily metastasized to LN, with lung being a secondary metastatic site. Combination therapy of nab-paclitaxel and bevacizumab inhibited tumor growth by 100%, as compared to 0% for bevacizumab (P < 0.001) and 90% for nab-paclitaxel (P = 0.024). Importantly, only combination therapy reduced incidence of LN and lung metastases by 50% (P = 0.007) and 87% (P = 0.001). Overall, 50% of the mice in the combination therapy group (n = 10) had complete regressions of both primary tumors and metastases at both regional and distant sites. Conclusions : The HCC1806-RR is a new triple-negative breast model with dual reporters to allow for quantitative assessment of metastatic spread. This model can be used to study the biology and treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. Combination of nab-paclitaxel with bevacizumab was highly effective against HCC 1806-RR tumors, suggesting that this regimen could provide clinical benefits to patients with triple-negative breast cancers.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-03-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ran
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield; Abraxis BioScience, Los Angeles, CA
| | - V Trieu
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield; Abraxis BioScience, Los Angeles, CA
| | - LD Volk
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield; Abraxis BioScience, Los Angeles, CA
| | - A Wilber
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield; Abraxis BioScience, Los Angeles, CA
| | - N. Desai
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield; Abraxis BioScience, Los Angeles, CA
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Desai N, Piacente M, Liu X, D'Cruz O, Hwang L, Lin X, Ran S, Markovic S, Motamed K, Trieu VN. Effect of plasma SPARC on outcome in cancer models. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.10600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Dhiwakar M, Malone JP, Kay PA, Robbins KT, Ran S. Use of angiopoietin-1 expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck to predict disease-free survival. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.5542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Desai N, Ran S, Volk L, Stutzman A, D'Cruz O, Trieu V. Antitumor activity, and antiangiogenic activity of nanoparticle albumin-bound nab-rapamycin in combination with nab-paclitaxel. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-3125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract #3125
Background: Rapamycin inhibits downstream signals from the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a known kinase member of a signaling pathway that promotes tumor growth. Rapamycin's poor aqueous solubility and poor chemical stability have limited its development as an intravenous (IV) anticancer agent. Nab-rapamycin utilizes the albumin-bound technology to allow for IV administration of rapamycin and has demonstrated dose-linear pharmacokinetics and safety up to 90 mg/kg with effective antitumor activity at 40 mg/kg against a human panel of tumor xenografts. This study investigated the efficacy of combined therapy with nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane®) utilizing invasive human breast (MDA-MB-231) and colon (HT29) cancer xenograft models.
 Material and Methods: Xenograft transplants using luciferase-tagged MDA-MB-231 cells were implanted into mammary fatpad of SCID mice and allowed to reach 460 mm3 in size prior to IV administration of saline (vehicle, n = 9); nab-rapamycin, 3x wkly for 2 wks at 40 mg/kg (nab-rap-2W; n = 8); nab-rapamycin, 3x wkly for 4 wks at 40 mg/kg (nab-rap-4W; n = 8); Abraxane, qdx5 at 30 mg/kg (ABX; n = 8); nab-rap-2W + ABX (n = 9); or nab-rap-4W + ABX (n = 8). HT29 xenografts were also treated with nab-rap-4W (n = 8) and nab-rap-4W + ABX (10 mg/kg, qdx5, IP, n = 8). The in vivo antiangiogenic effect of nab-rapamycin was evaluated using the standard in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay with 3-day old embryos (n = 18).
 Results: Relative to vehicle controls, nab-rap-2W (P < 0.00011), nab-rap-4W (P < 0.0001), and ABX (P < 0.0001) were effective against MDA-MB-231 tumor xenograft models with tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of 60%, 66%, and 73% respectively. Additive antitumor effects were observed with combination of nab-rapamycin + ABX with TGI of 81% and 86% for nab-rap-2W + ABX and nab-rap-4W + ABX groups, respectively. For HT29 tumors, the combination of ABX and nab-rapamycin also showed greater TGI (89%) compared to nab-rapamycin alone (81%). In the chick CAM assay, nab-rapamycin demonstrated antiangiogenic efficacy at doses of 10 µg and above without affecting embryo viability.
 Conclusions: Combination therapy of nab-rapamycin and Abraxane was more effective at inhibiting breast and colon xenograft tumor growth than single therapy of either drug. The enhanced antitumor activity seen with combined nab-rapamycin-Abraxane may in part be due to the observed antiangiogenic activity of nab-rapamycin.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3125.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Desai
- 1 R&D, Abraxis BioScience, LLC, Los Angeles, CA
| | - S Ran
- 2 School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL
| | - L Volk
- 2 School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL
| | - A Stutzman
- 2 School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL
| | - O D'Cruz
- 1 R&D, Abraxis BioScience, LLC, Los Angeles, CA
| | - V Trieu
- 1 R&D, Abraxis BioScience, LLC, Los Angeles, CA
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Volk L, Stutzman A, Flister M, Hall K, Chihade D, Desai N, Trieu V, Ran S. Mechanisms of nab-paclitaxel and bevacizumab cooperation in inhibition of breast tumor growth and metastasis. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-1032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract #1032
Background: Nab-paclitaxel, also known as Abraxane®, is paclitaxel formulated in nanoparticles that consist of human albumin encapsulating the hydrophobic drug moiety. This drug has shown numerous advantages including linear pharmacokinetics, significantly higher tumor retention, and increased maximal-tolerated dose due to reduced toxicity. We previously showed that combination of Abraxane and anti-VEGF-A antibody, bevacizumab, is significantly more efficacious in suppression of breast tumor xenografts and metastasis as compared to treatments with each of these drugs alone. We hypothesized that the mechanism underlying the therapeutic success of the combined therapy might include bevacizumab-dependent abrogation of the stress response elicited by paclitaxel in the tumor cells surviving chemotherapy.
 Materials and Methods: Cultured MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 30 nM of Abraxane followed by detection of angiogenic (VEGF-A), prosurvival (p42 & p44 kinase, bcl-2) and inflammatory (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) proteins using Western blotting and ELISA. MDA-MB-231 tumors were extracted from mice upon cessation of intravenous (IV) Abraxane therapy (10 to 30 mg/kg, qdx5) followed by Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses.
 Results: In vitro, Abraxane treatment increased expression of VEGF-A, p42/44 kinase, bcl-2 as well as total and phosphorylated p65 subunit of NF-κB. Treated cells secreted 25- to 30-fold higher concentrations of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α into conditioned media as compared with untreated control cells. Likewise, significant increases in bcl-2 and inflammatory cytokines were observed in tumors extracted immediately after paclitaxel therapy in vivo as confirmed by both Western blotting and immunohistochemical analyses.
 Discussion: These findings suggest that paclitaxel elicits VEGF-A dependent prosurvival and proinflammatory stress responses in tumor cells surviving the cytotoxic therapy. Activation of these pathways suggests that concurrent therapy with VEGF-A neutralizing antibody might significantly improve the efficacy of paclitaxel-based therapies by counteracting the stress responses in the therapy-spared tumor cells.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 1032.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Volk
- 1 School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL
| | - A Stutzman
- 1 School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL
| | - M Flister
- 1 School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL
| | - K Hall
- 1 School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL
| | - D Chihade
- 1 School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL
| | - N Desai
- 2 R&D, Abraxis BioScience, LLC, Los Angeles, CA
| | - V Trieu
- 2 R&D, Abraxis BioScience, LLC, Los Angeles, CA
| | - S Ran
- 1 School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL
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Ran S, Volk L, Bivens C, Trieu V, Desai N. Combination of nab®-paclitaxel and bevacizumab eradicates large orthotopic breast tumors and metastasis to lymph nodes and lungs. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)70893-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
1064 Background: Nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab-) paclitaxel (ABX) has shown greater efficacy and less toxicity than solvent-based paclitaxel (TAX) in xenograft models and clinical trials. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of VEGF modulation in human MDA-MB-231 breast tumor cell line and the effects of ABX and VEGF-neutralizing antibody bevacizumab (AVA) combination on the growth and metastasis of orthotopically implanted MDA-MB-231 tumors. Methods: VEGF expression was evaluated by ELISA in MDA-MB-231 tumor extract one week after treatment (qdx5) with saline, doxorubicin (10 mg/kg), TAX (10 mg/kg), or ABX (15 mg/kg). VEGF-receptor expression in MDA-MB-231 was quantitated by RT-PCR. MDA-MB-231 cytotoxicity with ABX, VEGF, AVA alone or in combination was measured by cytotoxicity and clonogenic assays. Implanted MDA-MB-231 tumors expressing luciferase were treated with saline, 2 cycles of ABX (10 mg/kg, two qdx5 cycles separated by 1 week, N=5) alone or in combination with AVA (2, 4 and 8 mg/kg, 2/wkx6). Tumor lymph node and pulmonary metastasis was determined by measuring luciferase activity. Results: Compared with saline, MDA-MB-231 tumors following chemotherapies exhibited significant tumor shrinkage (p≤0.006, t-test) and VEGF induction (p<0.0001, t-test). MDA-MB-231 was shown to express VEGFR2. Exogenous VEGF had a protective effect on MDA-MB-231 tumor cells by reducing cytotoxicity of ABX in both cytotoxicity and clonogenic assays. Sequestration of VEGF with AVA increased cytotoxicity of ABX in vitro. Treatment of MDA-MB-231 breast tumors with ABX and AVA combination resulted in greater than additive antitumor response and significantly reduced metastasis to the lungs (p=0.025 vs control) and LN (p=0.022) at the highest AVA dose. Conclusions: Chemotherapies induced VEGF expression in MDA-MD-231 breast tumor in vivo. In vitro, VEGF exerted a protective effect against ABX chemotherapy in VEGFR2-expressing MDA-MD-231 cells, which was abrogated by addition of AVA. In vivo, ABX and AVA combination significantly inhibited the metastatic potential of MDA-MB-231 tumor cells. These data provide a rational basis for the combination of nab- paclitaxel and bevacizumab in VEGF-receptor expressing tumors. [Table: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Trieu
- Abraxis BioScience Inc, Los Angeles, CA; Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL
| | - S. Ran
- Abraxis BioScience Inc, Los Angeles, CA; Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL
| | - C. Bivens
- Abraxis BioScience Inc, Los Angeles, CA; Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL
| | - N. Desai
- Abraxis BioScience Inc, Los Angeles, CA; Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL
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Pickering W, Gray E, Goodall AH, Ran S, Thorpe PE, Barrowcliffe TW. Characterization of the cell-surface procoagulant activity of T-lymphoblastoid cell lines. J Thromb Haemost 2004; 2:459-67. [PMID: 15009464 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2004.00607.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The procoagulant activity (PCA) of four T-lymphoblastoid cell lines (CEM-CCRF, Jurkat, Molt-4 and A3.01) at different stages of differentiation has been characterized and compared with that of a monocytoid cell line (THP-1). Four assay systems were employed; the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT); prothrombin time/tissue factor (TF) activity; a purified factor (F)Xa generation system and cancer procoagulant. High levels of TF activity were seen only with the monocytic cells. However the more differentiated of the T-lymphoblastoid cells (Molt-4 and A3.01) were more active than monocytic cells in supporting FXa generation. This pattern was not repeated for the APTT assay, which was related to cell-surface TF activity, since it was partially inhibited by antiTF antibody. Annexin V totally inhibited the activity observed in all three assay systems, indicating that the PCA of T-lymphoblastoid cells is primarily due to expression of negatively charged phospholipids. However, antiphosphatidylserine antibody even at a high concentration gave only partial inhibition of the activity observed in the APTT and FXa generation systems for the cells compared with almost total inhibition for the phospholipid standard, suggesting either that cellular phosphatidylserine (PS) is less accessible to the antibody, or that PS is not the sole negatively charged phospholipid responsible for this activity. Flow cytometry studies using propidium iodide and annexin V showed that the PCA, although linked to PS exposure, was not the result of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Pickering
- Division of Haematology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Potters Bar, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Thorpe
- University of Texas Southwestern, Simon's Cancer Center, Dallas, 75390, USA.
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Thorpe PE, Ran S. Tumor infarction by targeting tissue factor to tumor vasculature. Cancer J 2000; 6 Suppl 3:S237-44. [PMID: 10874493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P E Thorpe
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas 75235-911, USA
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Gabrilovich D, Ishida T, Oyama T, Ran S, Kravtsov V, Nadaf S, Carbone DP. Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibits the development of dendritic cells and dramatically affects the differentiation of multiple hematopoietic lineages in vivo. Blood 1998; 92:4150-66. [PMID: 9834220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Defective function of dendritic cells (DC) in cancer has been recently described and may represent one of the mechanisms of tumor evasion from immune system control. We have previously shown in vitro that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), produced by almost all tumors, is one of the tumor-derived factors responsible for the defective function of these cells. In this study, we investigated whether in vivo infusion of recombinant VEGF could reproduce the observed DC dysfunction. Continuous VEGF infusion, at rates as low as 50 ng/h (resulting in serum VEGF concentrations of 120 to 160 pg/mL), resulted in a dramatic inhibition of dendritic cell development, associated with an increase in the production of B cells and immature Gr-1(+) myeloid cells. Infusion of VEGF was associated with inhibition of the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB in bone marrow progenitor cells. Experiments in vitro showed that VEGF itself, and not factors released by VEGF-activated endothelial cells, affected polypotent stem cells resulting in the observed abnormal hematopoiesis. These data suggest that VEGF, at pathologically relevant concentrations in vivo, may exert effects on pluripotent stem cells that result in blocked DC development as well as affect many other hematopoietic lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gabrilovich
- Department of Medicine and The Vanderbilt Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Ran S, Gao B, Duffy S, Watkins L, Rote N, Thorpe PE. Infarction of solid Hodgkin's tumors in mice by antibody-directed targeting of tissue factor to tumor vasculature. Cancer Res 1998; 58:4646-53. [PMID: 9788617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated previously that selective thrombosis of the blood vessels of solid tumors in mice can be achieved by targeting the extracellular domain of tissue factor by means of an antibody to an experimentally induced marker on tumor vascular endothelium. In the present study, we extend this finding to a naturally occurring marker of tumor vascular endothelium, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). VCAM-1 is expressed by vascular endothelial cells in Hodgkin's disease and various solid tumors in mice and humans. It is absent from vascular endothelial cells in normal tissues in mice, with the exception of the heart and lungs, where it is present on venules. A monoclonal antibody to murine VCAM-1 was covalently linked to the extracellular domain of human tissue factor to create a "coaguligand." After i.v. administration to severe combined immunodeficient mice bearing human Hodgkin's tumors, the coaguligand localized selectively to VCAM-1-expressing vessels, caused thrombosis of those vessels, and retarded tumor growth. The coaguligand also localized to VCAM-1-expressing vessels in the heart and lungs of the mice but did not induce thrombosis in these sites. An immunohistochemical evaluation of the distribution of a monoclonal anti-phosphatidylserine (PS) antibody in the mice showed that the VCAM-1-expressing vessels in the tumor expressed PS, whereas the VCAM-1-expressing vessels in the heart and lungs lacked PS. The lack of thrombotic effect of the coaguligand on heart and lung vessels may be because PS is needed to provide the procoagulant surface upon which coagulation complexes can assemble. The requirement for coincident expression of the targeted marker and PS on tumor endothelium probably contributes to the selectivity of thrombotic action and the safety of coaguligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ran
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research and the Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235, USA
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Oyama T, Ran S, Ishida T, Nadaf S, Kerr L, Carbone DP, Gabrilovich DI. Vascular endothelial growth factor affects dendritic cell maturation through the inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B activation in hemopoietic progenitor cells. J Immunol 1998; 160:1224-32. [PMID: 9570538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), produced by almost all tumor cells, affects the ability of hemopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) to differentiate into functional dendritic cells (DC) during the early stages of their maturation. In this study we demonstrate specific binding of VEGF to HPC. This binding was efficiently competed by placenta growth factor (PIGF), a ligand reportedly specific for the Flt-1 receptor. The number of binding sites for VEGF decreased during DC maturation in vitro associated with decreased levels of mRNA for Flt-1. VEGF significantly inhibited nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B)-dependent activation of reporter gene transcription during the first 24 h in culture. The presence of VEGF significantly decreased the specific DNA binding of NF-kappa B as early as 30 min after induction with TNF-alpha. This was followed on days 7 to 10 by decreases in the mRNA for RelB and c-Rel, two subunits of NF-kappa B. Blockade of NF-kappa B activity in HPC at early stages of differentiation with an adenovirus expressing a dominant I kappa B inhibitor of NF-kappa B reproduced the pattern of effects observed with VEGF. Thus, NF-kappa B plays an important role in maturation of HPCs to DC, and VEGF activation of the Flt-1 receptor is able to block the activation of NF-kappa B in this system. Blockade of NF-kappa B activation in HPCs by tumor-derived factors may therefore be a mechanism by which tumor cells can directly down-modulate the ability of the immune system to generate effective antitumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Oyama
- The Vanderbilt Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Ran S, Fuller CM, Arrate MP, Latorre R, Benos DJ. Functional reconstitution of a chloride channel protein from bovine trachea. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:20630-7. [PMID: 1383206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We characterized the electrophysiological properties of a chloride channel protein isolated from bovine trachea after incorporation into planar lipid bilayers, and studied the effects of thiol-modulating agents on channel regulation both in bilayers and vesicular iodide uptake studies. Our experiments showed that this protein formed perfectly anion-selective channels in the bilayer, with an anion permeability sequence of I- (2.1) > NO3- (1.7) > Br- (1.2) > Cl- (1.0). The conductance of this channel was 25-30 picosiemens in 150 mM Cl-, and saturated with increasing chloride concentration. This channel could be completely inhibited by 4,4'-bis(isothiocyano)-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonate. Immunoblot analysis, using polyclonal antibodies (anti-p38), revealed one major band at 140 kDa. Upon reduction with dithiothreitol, 64- and 38-kDa polypeptides were observed. Functional experiments showed that reduction was accompanied by loss of 125I- uptake and single-channel activity. In the presence of dithiothreitol, only the low molecular mass protein forms (64 and 38 kDa) were detected by anti-p38 antibodies on Western blots. Cross-linking of S-S bonds with Cu(2+)-o-phenanthroline led to activation of chloride channels in vesicles and bilayers. Over-aggregation of chloride channels by this S-S cross-linking reagent caused inhibition of 125I- uptake by 80-100% and the abolishment of single-channel activity. We propose that the native chloride channel from bovine trachea can exist in vivo in different structural and functional forms depending upon its thiol-disulfide oxidation reduction status. The oxidized form has a molecular mass of 140 kDa and represents a fully active chloride channel. Inactivation of this channel might occur by over-aggregation of protein subunits, or by dissociation of the 140-kDa subunit by disulfide bond reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ran
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294
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Ran S, Benos DJ. Immunopurification and structural analysis of a putative epithelial Cl- channel protein isolated from bovine trachea. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:3618-25. [PMID: 1371273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We have purified to homogeneity a 38-kDa protein (called p38) from bovine tracheal epithelium. This protein, when reconstituted into liposomes, mediates stilbene disulfonate-sensitive 125I- conductive uptake. On nonreduced or partially reduced sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, this protein associates into a doublet of 62-64 kDa. In some experiments a multimer of 141 kDa was also observed. Rabbit polyclonal anti-P38 antibodies have been produced and used to immunopurify the native transporter. Upon reconstitution of the immunoaffinity-purified protein into liposomes, a 260-fold enhancement of 4,4'-bis(isothiocyano)-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonate and valinomycin-sensitive 125I- uptake was observed as compared to proteoliposomes containing unseparated material. On Western blots of total solubilized tracheal membrane proteins or semipurified fractions, the antibody recognized the 62-64-kDa doublet much better than the original 38-kDa antigen. Similar protein bands were detected in T84 and CFPAC cells as well. However, if apical membrane proteins were first separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under nonreducing conditions, the antibody recognized major bands at 140 and approximately 240 kDa. Upon partial reduction, immunolabeling of these proteins diminished with the concomitant appearance of the 62-64-kDa doublet. Upon complete reduction, the appearance of 32- and 38-kDa proteins was evident with the disappearance of the 62-64-kDa doublet. We hypothesize that the native Cl-channel is a heteromer containing at least four subunits connected by S-S bridges.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ran
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294
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Ran S, Benos D. Immunopurification and structural analysis of a putative epithelial Cl- channel protein isolated from bovine trachea. J Biol Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)50569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Ran S, Benos DJ. Isolation and functional reconstitution of a 38-kDa chloride channel protein from bovine tracheal membranes. J Biol Chem 1991; 266:4782-8. [PMID: 1705933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretion of chloride ions via apically located anion-selective channels in epithelia regulates fluid formation and cytosolic Cl- homeostasis. In order to understand the biochemical basis of Cl- channel function, we attempted to isolate this transporter from bovine tracheal apical membranes. Initially, peripheral polypeptides were removed from apically enriched vesicles by washing with alkaline buffer (pH 10.8) containing 2 mM CHAPS. The resulting pellet contained 50-60% of the original protein and displayed 2-fold enhanced Cl- channel activity compared to untreated vesicles. The pellet was treated with Triton X-100, and the solubilized proteins were separated on the cationic exchanger CM-cellufine. Washing the resin with a pH 8.0-8.3 buffer eluted a fraction with enriched Cl- channel activity. This fraction contained less than 5% of the total solubilized protein. A subsequent separation was performed using the anionic exchanger AM-cellufine. The highest activity was found in the fractions eluted by 80-120 mM KCl. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis showed a major 38,000-Da protein band. This band was electroeluted from the gel under nondenaturing and nonreducing conditions and reconstituted into phosphatidylcholine liposomes. KCl-loaded vesicles containing the purified 38-kDa protein transported up to 5 nmol of 125I-/mg of protein/5 min. This value was 15-fold higher than the uptake measured in vesicles reconstituted with total solubilized membrane proteins and 4-fold higher compared to the CM-cellufine-enriched fraction. The observed 125I- uptake was 90% inhibited by 100 microM 4,4-bis(isothiocyano)-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonate or 10 microM valinomycin. In summary, we have developed a biochemical protocol for the isolation of a 38 kDa protein mediating potential-dependent and 4,4-bis(isothiocyano)-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonate-sensitive Cl- channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ran
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294
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Ran S, Loyter A, Rivnay B. Implanted IgE-Fc epsilon R complexes elicit IgE-mediated activation of RBL-2H cells. Biochemistry 1989; 28:644-51. [PMID: 2540803 DOI: 10.1021/bi00428a034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The high-affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon R) is the cellular trigger of the antigen-induced activation of mast cells and basophils. To examine the functional integrity of Fc epsilon R, we have adopted a protein implantation procedure whereby the purified receptor complex was coreconstituted with Sendai virus envelopes. The latter promoted fusion of the hybrid vesicles with recipient cells such as rat basophilic leukemia, RBL-2H3, thus serving as a vehicle for the receptor. The implanted Fc epsilon R was complexed with 125I-labeled mouse IgE (anti-DNP) to permit receptor quantification as well as specific triggering by DNP20BSA. Implantation in the presence of unlabeled rat IgE, which blocked the native receptors on the recipient RBL-2H3 cells, resulted in incorporation of up to 15 ng of receptor-bound IgE/10(6) cells. This was roughly equivalent in amount to 10-20% of the native receptors on such cells. The exocytosis which was triggered in the recipient cells by reagents that specifically recognized the implanted IgE reached between 15 and 50% of the maximal response. Various treatments that interfered with the activities of the viral envelopes reduced both receptor incorporation (3-5-fold) and cell degranulation (3-10-fold). These included separation of the receptor from the reconstituted envelopes, addition of serum to the incubation mixture (to inhibit vesicle-cell binding), and trypsinization of the virus (to inhibit vesicle-cell fusion). Poly(ethylene glycol) 8000 (4%) enhanced both the incorporation of the receptor and its functional responses. These treatments distinguished between real incorporation of IgE-Fc epsilon R complexes and other mechanisms of 125I-IgE association with the recipient cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/isolation & purification
- Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Genetic Variation
- Immunoglobulin E/immunology
- Immunoglobulin E/isolation & purification
- Immunoglobulin E/metabolism
- Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute/metabolism
- Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human
- Rats
- Receptors, Fc/immunology
- Receptors, Fc/isolation & purification
- Receptors, Fc/metabolism
- Receptors, IgE
- Viral Envelope Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ran
- Department of Membrane Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Abstract
Ion channels, activated upon IgE-Fc epsilon receptor aggregation by specific antigen, were studied in micropipet-supported lipid bilayers. These bilayers were reconstituted with purified IgE-Fc epsilon receptor complex and the intact 110-kDa channel-forming protein, both isolated from plasma membranes of rat basophilic leukemia cells (line RBL-2H3). In order to identify the current carrier through these ion channels and to determine their ion selectivity, we investigated the currents flowing through the IgE-Fc epsilon receptor gated channels in the presence of a gradient of Ca2+ ions. Thus, the solution in which the micropipet-supported bilayer was immersed contained 1.8 mM CaCl2, while the interior of the micropipet contained 0.1 microM Ca2+ (buffered with EGTA). Both solutions also contained 150 mM of a monovalent cation chloride salt (either K+ or Na+). The currents induced upon specific aggregation of the IgE (by either antigen or anti-IgE antibodies) were examined over a range of potentials imposed on the bilayer. The type of conductance event most frequently observed under the employed experimental conditions was a channel that has a slope conductance of 3 pS and a reversal potential practically identical with the calculated value for the reversal potential of calcium (134 +/- 11 mV in the presence of sodium, 125 +/- 13 mV in the presence of potassium). These results indicate that this channel is highly selective for calcium against the monovalent cations sodium and potassium. This same channel has a conductance of 4-5 pS in the presence of symmetrical solutions containing only 100 mM CaCl2 and 8 pS in the presence of 0.5 M NaCl with no calcium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- A Corcia
- Department of Membrane Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Abstract
Sendai virus envelopes have been a useful tool in studying the mechanism of membrane-membrane fusion and have served as a vehicle for introducing foreign molecules (e.g., membrane proteins) into recipient cells. Reconstituted Sendai virus envelopes are routinely obtained following solubilization of virus particles with Triton X-100. This detergent has a low critical micellar concentration which precludes it from being the best detergent of choice in reconstitution studies. Nevertheless, it has remained in use since other detergents such as sodium deoxycholate and sodium cholate rendered the resultant vesicles inactive. Triton X-100 may be suboptimal for studies of some proteins that need be coreconstituted with the viral envelopes. Thus, alternative advantageous detergents, which retain the envelope fusogenic activity, have been sought. In this study we show that the synthetic detergent 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (Chaps) effectively solubilizes the Sendai virions, and that the vesicles formed by simple reconstitution protocols appear structurally and biochemically similar to those obtained with Triton X-100. The resultant vesicles retain functional integrity as assessed in both fusion and hemolysis assays. This protocol seems to be useful in sendai envelope-mediated reimplantation of Fc epsilon receptors into the plasma membranes of rat basophilic leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ran
- Department of Membrane Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Ran S, Rivnay B. Activation of rat basophilic leukemia cells. Temporal identification of the signal calcium influx mediated by the receptor-operated channel pathway. Eur J Biochem 1988; 171:693-701. [PMID: 2450020 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb13841.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Antigen-induced 45calcium influx into rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells was examined with emphasis on the early time domain under conditions that exclude loss of the cation during the subsequent washing step. Such preparations demonstrate a distinct, temporally separate influx peaking at 3 min, followed by a substantial efflux. This internalized 45Ca2+ approaches millimolar total intracellular concentration and is therefore either sequestered or becomes bound to intracellular components (proteins). The amplitude of this influx is linearly proportional to IgE-receptor occupancy at low receptor occupancies, and is sensitive to the anti-allergic drug cromolyn. Furthermore, the timing of both the maximal uptake and the maximal susceptibility to cromolyn correlates with the Quin-2 signal in these cells, and the initial degranulation pattern bears some resemblance to trends in the 45Ca2+ uptake curve. These qualities suggest that the early peak at 2-3 min, rather than any later 45Ca2+ uptake, comprises the initial signalling Ca2+ pool. Maximal apparent inhibition by cromolyn for 45Ca2+ uptake was about 65% and required a 10-15-min preincubation with the cells. The inhibitory effect was limited to the peak at 3 min, suggesting that tracer incorporation beyond 5-6 min largely involves other pools or pathways, triggered by receptor aggregation, yet only indirectly related to channel activity or to the signal proper. A quantitative similarity was found between the early peak measured on intact cells and the single channel conductance measured on reconstituted planar bilayers containing the purified receptor for IgE and the purified cromolyn-binding protein [Corcia, A. et al. (1986) EM BO J. 5, 849-854]. This, as well as the effects of cromolyn, support the assumption that cromolyn-binding protein is a major constituent involved in this early influx, or that influx is a principal pathway for the signaling calcium mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ran
- Department of Membrane Research, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Weinstein Y, Ran S, Segal S. Sex-associated differences in the regulation of immune responses controlled by the MHC of the mouse. J Immunol 1984; 132:656-61. [PMID: 6228595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The immunologic potential of T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells (APC) from male and female mice were compared. Lymphocytes from female mice or from male mice that cannot produce and respond to testosterone (Tfm/y) were more reactive than male lymphocytes to alloantigens in MLR. Spleen cells from Tfm/y mice equipped with estrogen implants showed a higher responsiveness than control Tfm/y to alloantigens. The removal of suppressive adherent cells or the addition of T cell growth factor (TCGF) enhanced the proliferative activity of the cells in the MLR. The responsiveness of female cells to alloantigens, however, remained superior to that observed in male cells. Similarly, in the presence of TCGF, thymocytes from female mice react more effectively than male cells in MLR. In addition, Con A-stimulated spleen cells from female mice produce more interleukin 2 (IL 2) than do spleen cells from males or female mice treated with testosterone. Lymphocytes from immunized mice were tested for their ability to respond to soluble antigens (KLH and OVA) in vitro. Again, female immunocompetent cells respond more vigorously than male cells or cells originating in female mice with testosterone implants. APC from female spleen were more efficient than male APC in initiating a secondary response in primed lymphocytes from either males or female mice. Moreover, castration of male mice enhanced, and treatment of female mice with androgen reduced, the efficiency of antigen presentation. In conclusion, these data suggest that female cells are superior to male cells in immunologic functions that are known to be associated with reactions to and recognition of histocompatibility antigens, i.e., antigen presentation and MLR. Furthermore, our present data indicate that the differential reactivity of immunocytes between male and female mice depends on the hormonal balance of the animal.
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Weinstein Y, Ran S, Segal S. Sex-associated differences in the regulation of immune responses controlled by the MHC of the mouse. The Journal of Immunology 1984. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.132.2.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The immunologic potential of T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells (APC) from male and female mice were compared. Lymphocytes from female mice or from male mice that cannot produce and respond to testosterone (Tfm/y) were more reactive than male lymphocytes to alloantigens in MLR. Spleen cells from Tfm/y mice equipped with estrogen implants showed a higher responsiveness than control Tfm/y to alloantigens. The removal of suppressive adherent cells or the addition of T cell growth factor (TCGF) enhanced the proliferative activity of the cells in the MLR. The responsiveness of female cells to alloantigens, however, remained superior to that observed in male cells. Similarly, in the presence of TCGF, thymocytes from female mice react more effectively than male cells in MLR. In addition, Con A-stimulated spleen cells from female mice produce more interleukin 2 (IL 2) than do spleen cells from males or female mice treated with testosterone. Lymphocytes from immunized mice were tested for their ability to respond to soluble antigens (KLH and OVA) in vitro. Again, female immunocompetent cells respond more vigorously than male cells or cells originating in female mice with testosterone implants. APC from female spleen were more efficient than male APC in initiating a secondary response in primed lymphocytes from either males or female mice. Moreover, castration of male mice enhanced, and treatment of female mice with androgen reduced, the efficiency of antigen presentation. In conclusion, these data suggest that female cells are superior to male cells in immunologic functions that are known to be associated with reactions to and recognition of histocompatibility antigens, i.e., antigen presentation and MLR. Furthermore, our present data indicate that the differential reactivity of immunocytes between male and female mice depends on the hormonal balance of the animal.
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Tojo Y, Ran S. [Proceedings: Afferent impulse receptors of joints of crickets]. Nihon Seirigaku Zasshi 1974; 36:308. [PMID: 4478383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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