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Magno S, Ceccarini G, Corvillo F, Pelosini C, Gilio D, Paoli M, Fornaciari S, Pandolfo G, Sanchez-Iglesias S, Nozal P, Curcio M, Sessa MR, López-Trascasa M, Araújo-Vilar D, Santini F. Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Acquired Partial Lipodystrophy: A Multicenter Retrospective Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:e932-e944. [PMID: 38061004 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barraquer-Simons syndrome (BSS) is a rare, acquired form of lipodystrophy characterized by progressive loss of upper body subcutaneous fat, which affects face, upper limbs, and trunk. The pathogenesis of the disease is not entirely known and may involve autoimmune mechanisms. AIM This study aimed to provide a comprehensive picture of the clinical, immunological, and metabolic features of a large cohort of patients with BSS. Our primary objectives included the validation of existing diagnostic tools, the evaluation of novel diagnostic approaches, and the exploration of potential disease triggers or genetic predispositions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Twenty-six patients were diagnosed with BSS based on accepted criteria defined by international guidelines. Anthropometric parameters, biochemical tests, organ- and non-organ-specific autoantibodies, HLA status, and screening of the LMNB2 gene were performed. RESULTS Patients were predominantly females (73%); fat loss occurred mostly during childhood (77%) at a median age of 8 years. Among various anthropometric measures, the ratio between the proportion of fat mass in upper limbs and lower limbs showed the best predictive value for diagnosis. A total of 11.5% of patients had diabetes, 34.6% dyslipidemia, and 26.9% hepatic steatosis. Seventy-five percent of children and 50% of adults had C3 hypocomplementemia; 76% of patients were positive for 1 or more autoantibodies. HLA-DRB1 11:03 had higher allelic frequencies compared with the general population. A single variant in the LMNB2 gene was found in 1 patient. CONCLUSION BSS has a childhood onset and is often associated with autoimmune diseases. Skinfold thickness measurements and fat assessment by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry are useful tools to identify the disease. C3 hypocomplementemia and the presence of autoantibodies may be used as additional diagnostic supportive criteria but the prevalence of C3 hypocomplementemia may be lower than previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Magno
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ceccarini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Fernando Corvillo
- Complement Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana, Madrid 28046, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Caterina Pelosini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
- Chemistry and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Radiological, Nuclear and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Donatella Gilio
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Melania Paoli
- Chemistry and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Radiological, Nuclear and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Silvia Fornaciari
- Division of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Biology, Department of Radiological, Nuclear and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pandolfo
- Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Sofia Sanchez-Iglesias
- Thyroid and Metabolic Diseases Unit (U.E.T.eM.), Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas (CIMUS-IDIS), School of Medicine, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15700, Spain
| | - Pilar Nozal
- Immunology Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - Michele Curcio
- Division of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Biology, Department of Radiological, Nuclear and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Sessa
- Chemistry and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Radiological, Nuclear and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Margarita López-Trascasa
- Complement Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana, Madrid 28046, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28046, Spain
| | - David Araújo-Vilar
- Thyroid and Metabolic Diseases Unit (U.E.T.eM.), Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular e Enfermidades Crónicas (CIMUS-IDIS), School of Medicine, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15700, Spain
| | - Ferruccio Santini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center, Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
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Panikkath R, Panikkath D, Sanchez-Iglesias S, Araujo-Vilar D, Lado-Abeal J. An Uncommon Association of Familial Partial Lipodystrophy, Dilated Cardiomyopathy, and Conduction System Disease. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2016; 4:2324709616658495. [PMID: 27504462 PMCID: PMC4962337 DOI: 10.1177/2324709616658495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A 46-year-old African American woman presented with severe respiratory distress requiring intubation and was diagnosed with nonischemic cardiomyopathy. She had the typical phenotype of familial partial lipodystrophy 2 (FPLD2). Sequence analysis of LMNA gene showed a heterozygous missense mutation at exon 8 (c.1444C>T) causing amino acid change, p.R482W. She later developed severe coronary artery disease requiring multiple percutaneous coronary interventions and coronary artery bypass surgery. She was later diagnosed with diabetes, primary hyperparathyroidism, and euthyroid multinodular goiter. She had sinus nodal and atrioventricular nodal disease and had an implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation due to persistent left ventricular dysfunction. The device eroded through the skin few months after implantation and needed a re-implant on the contralateral side. She had atrial flutter requiring ablation. This patient with FPLD2 had most of the reported cardiac complications of FPLD2. This case is presented to improve the awareness of the presentation of this disease among cardiologists and internists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepa Panikkath
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - S Sanchez-Iglesias
- Complexo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela, University of Santiago, Santiago, Spain
| | - D Araujo-Vilar
- Complexo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela, University of Santiago, Santiago, Spain
| | - Joaquin Lado-Abeal
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Complexo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela, University of Santiago, Santiago, Spain
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Rey P, Lopez-Real A, Sanchez-Iglesias S, Muñoz A, Soto-Otero R, Labandeira-Garcia JL. Angiotensin type-1-receptor antagonists reduce 6-hydroxydopamine toxicity for dopaminergic neurons. Neurobiol Aging 2006; 28:555-67. [PMID: 16621167 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2006.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2005] [Revised: 02/20/2006] [Accepted: 02/27/2006] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II activates (via type 1 receptors) NAD(P)H-dependent oxidases, which are a major source of superoxide, and is relevant in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases and certain degenerative changes associated with ageing. Given that there is a brain renin-angiotensin system and that oxidative stress is a key contributor to Parkinson's disease, we investigated the effects of angiotensin II and angiotensin type 1 (AT(1)) receptor antagonists in the 6-hydroxydopamine model of Parkinson's disease. Rats subjected to intraventricular injection of 6-hydroxydopamine showed bilateral reduction in the number of dopaminergic neurons and terminals. Injection of angiotensin alone did not induce any significant effect. However, angiotensin increased the toxic effect of 6-hydroxydopamine. Rats treated with the AT(1) receptor antagonist ZD 7155 and then 6-hydroxydopamine (with or without exogenous administration of angiotensin) showed a significant reduction in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation) and dopaminergic degeneration. Dopaminergic degeneration was also reduced by the NAD(P)H inhibitor apocynin. Angiotensin may play a pivotal role, via AT(1) receptors, in increasing the oxidative damage of dopaminergic cells, and treatment with AT(1) antagonists may reduce the progression of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rey
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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