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Nervi S, Guinamard R, Delaval B, Lécine P, Vialettes B, Naquet P, Imbert J. A rare mRNA variant of the human lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase LCK gene with intron B retention and exon 7 skipping encodes a putative protein with altered SH3-dependent molecular interactions. Gene 2005; 359:18-25. [PMID: 16107303 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2005.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2005] [Revised: 06/06/2005] [Accepted: 06/16/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A rare mRNA variant of the human lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase LCK gene that retains intron B and excludes exon 7 (B+7-) due to alternative splicing of the canonical LCK transcripts was identified and characterized. LCK B+7- mRNA is detected in all tested peripheral blood T lymphocytes total RNA samples but is apparently sequestered in the nucleus. The presence of intron B sequence does not disrupt the reading frame and results in the insertion of 58 aminoacids, containing a proline-rich region just upstream of p56lck SH3 domain. This putative isoform encodes an unstable 516 aminoacids protein (LckB+7-) which can be expressed in transfected COS-7 cells. Furthermore in Jurkat T cell extracts, a recombinant intron B plus SH3 p56lck domain fails to interact with some TCR-induced tyrosine phosphorylated polypeptides and known p56lck partners such as Sam68 and c-Cbl. The biological function of this rare messenger remains to be elucidated.
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MESH Headings
- Alternative Splicing
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Blotting, Western
- COS Cells
- Cells, Cultured
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Complementary/chemistry
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Humans
- Introns/genetics
- Isoenzymes/genetics
- Isoenzymes/metabolism
- Jurkat Cells
- Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck)/genetics
- Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck)/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutagenesis, Insertional
- Protein Binding
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes/enzymology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic/genetics
- src Homology Domains/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Nervi
- Institut de Cancérologie de Marseille, UMR599 INSERM-Institut Paoli-Calmettes-Université de la Méditerranée, 27 boulevard Leï Roure, 13009 Marseille, France
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Sandri S, De Francesco O, Sommariva M, Confalonieri S, Nervi S, Zanollo L. Perineal Magnetic Stimulation for Female Urinary Incontinence. Urologia 2005. [DOI: 10.1177/039156030507200129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Perineal Magnetic Stimulation (PMS) is a new technique in pelvic floor rehabilitation which produces magnetic fields that induce involuntary perineal muscles contraction. Our aims were to evaluate efficacy and tolerability in different types of female urinary incontinence. Material and Methods 104 consecutive female outpatients complaining of urinary incontinence were enrolled, 53 suffered of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), 37 of mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) and 14 of urge incontinence (UI). The whole treatment consists of two sessions a week of PMS for a total of six weeks. Results After one course of treatment 8 patients (8%) were cured, 53 (51%) felt improved and 43 (41%) were unchanged. Better results were obtained in pure stress urinary incontinence, while the presence of bladder overactivity reduced the cure dramatically. If the subjective results were related to the entity of the incontinence, evaluated with the one hour weighting pad test, we could see that only a urinary leakage superior to 50 g makes resulted very poor. Conclusions PMS is a new simple perineal rehabilitative technique with instrumental higher costs but less nurse time involvement, with similar results to the usual pelvic floor fisiotherapy and without side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.D. Sandri
- Unità Operativa di Urologia e Unità Spinale, Ospedale “G. Fornaroli”, Magenta
| | - O. De Francesco
- Unità Operativa di Urologia e Unità Spinale, Ospedale “G. Fornaroli”, Magenta
| | - M. Sommariva
- Unità Operativa di Urologia e Unità Spinale, Ospedale “G. Fornaroli”, Magenta
| | - S. Confalonieri
- Unità Operativa di Urologia e Unità Spinale, Ospedale “G. Fornaroli”, Magenta
| | - S. Nervi
- Unità Operativa di Urologia e Unità Spinale, Ospedale “G. Fornaroli”, Magenta
| | - L. Zanollo
- Unità Operativa di Urologia e Unità Spinale, Ospedale “G. Fornaroli”, Magenta
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Vialettes B, Valéro R, Mattei C, Nervi S. Prévention du diabète de type 1. Où en sommes-nous? Que dire et proposer aux familles? Diabetes & Metabolism 2003; 29:650-4. [PMID: 14707896 DOI: 10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Prevention of type 1 diabetes in high risk individuals presents with both positive and negative aspects. On one hand, the availability of reliable and convenient screening tools (antibodies) allows us to quantify the risk of diabetes in the short term. Large randomised studies have provided indisputable answers regarding the efficiency of selection of at risk patients. Unfortunately, both DPT-1 study (using insulin) and ENDIT trial (with nicotinamide) ruined the hopes raised from solid experimental data. These studies have also demonstrated the huge costs in terms of number of subjects, time for follow-up, and financial burden, requiring an international collaboration. Finally, only a small number of such studies can be conducted simultaneously. Progress and obstacles paving this research area must be explained to diabetic patients and their family. Current mitigated results should not drive us to give up screening campaigns. Rather, these results should prompt diabetes centers and families to participate in the selection of high risk individuals in order to explore new therapeutic options within future prevention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Vialettes
- Service de Nutrition, Maladies métaboliques et Endocrinologie, Hôpital Sainte Marguerite, CHU de Marseille, 270 boulevard Sainte Marguerite, BP 29, 13009 Marseilles, France.
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Nervi S, Nicodeme S, Gartioux C, Atlan C, Lathrop M, Reviron D, Naquet P, Matsuda F, Imbert J, Vialettes B. No association between lck gene polymorphisms and protein level in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes 2002; 51:3326-30. [PMID: 12401726 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.51.11.3326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We previously described a reduced expression of the protein tyrosine kinase Lck in T-cells from type 1 diabetic patients, the origin of which is still unknown. The human lck gene, located on chromosome 1p35-34.3, was evaluated as a candidate susceptibility gene for type 1 diabetes. A molecular scan of the sequence variations in the coding, the relevant promoter, and most of the intronic sequences of the lck gene (representing a total of 10.5 kb fragment) was performed in 187 Caucasian subjects including 91 type 1 diabetic patients and 96 normoglycemic control subjects. We identified 35 sequence variations, including one deletion and 34 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 33 of them being new. Four variants were frequent but not significantly associated with diabetes or Lck protein level. Of the SNP variants, 11 were only found within the diabetic population and some were associated with low Lck protein levels. The low frequency of these polymorphisms did not permit any statistically significant correlations with the disease status, suggesting that the lck gene probably does not contribute to genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Nervi
- Université de la Méditerranée, CHU Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille, France
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Nervi S, Atlan-Gepner C, Kahn-Perles B, Lecine P, Vialettes B, Imbert J, Naquet P. Specific deficiency of p56lck expression in T lymphocytes from type 1 diabetic patients. J Immunol 2000; 165:5874-83. [PMID: 11067948 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.10.5874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral T lymphocyte activation in response to TCR/CD3 stimulation is reduced in type 1 diabetic patients. To explore the basis of this deficiency, a comprehensive analysis of the signal transduction pathway downstream of the TCR/CD3 complex was performed for a cohort of patients (n = 38). The main result of the study shows that T cell hyporesponsiveness is positively correlated with a reduced amount of p56(lck) in resting T lymphocytes. Upon CD3-mediated activation, this defect leads to a hypophosphorylation of the CD3zeta-chain and few other polypeptides without affecting the recruitment of ZAP70. Other downstream effectors of the TCR/CD3 transduction machinery, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p85alpha, p59(fyn), linker for activation of T cells (LAT), and phospholipase C-gamma1, are not affected. In some patients, the severity of this phenotypic deficit could be linked to low levels of p56(lck) mRNA and resulted in the failure to efficiently induce the expression of the CD69 early activation marker. We propose that a primary deficiency in human type 1 diabetes is a defect in TCR/CD3-mediated T cell activation due to the abnormal expression of the p56(lck) tyrosine kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nervi
- UPRES-EA2193, Institut Fédiratif de Recherche 35, Physiopathologie Métabolique et Nutritionnelle, Université de la Méditerranée, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Timone, Marseille, France
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Nervi S, Atlan-Gepner C, Fossat C, Vialettes B. Constitutive impaired TCR/CD3-mediated activation of T cells in IDDM patients co-exist with normal co-stimulation pathways. J Autoimmun 1999; 13:247-55. [PMID: 10479393 DOI: 10.1006/jaut.1999.0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
IDDM is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease which is paradoxically associated with T cell functional deficiencies. The proliferative response of PBMC under CD3-, Vbeta2-, Vbeta8- and Vbeta7-stimulation was investigated in IDDM and NIDDM patients, non-diabetic first-degree relatives and control subjects. Despite normal surface expression of the TCR/CD3 complex, the TCR/CD3-mediated proliferation of PBMC from IDDM patients was significantly impaired compared to control subjects (P<0.05). This defect was specific for the autoimmune disease, constitutive and not linked to the class II MHC genotype, to metabolic disturbances or to presence of specific autoantibodies. Inefficient activation of T cells was not related to a lower capacity of CD28 to transduce co-stimulative signals because proliferative responses under CD2/CD28 stimulations were similar in IDDM and control groups. The IL-2/IL-2 receptor system was functional because unstimulated PBMC proliferated in response to increasing amounts of IL-2. Nevertheless, despite normal expression of CD25, addition of IL-2 did not normalize the proliferative defect linked to IDDM. In conclusion, excluding a faulty co-stimulation pathway, these results are in favour of a constitutive defect in the CD3/TCR transduction machinery, increasing sensitivity to apoptosis or anergy in T cells from IDDM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nervi
- Laboratoire de Diabétologie, UPRES-EA 2193, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
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Hermitte L, Atlan-Gepner C, Mattei C, Dufayet D, Jannot MF, Christofilis MA, Nervi S, Vialettes B. Diverging evolution of anti-GAD and anti-IA-2 antibodies in long-standing diabetes mellitus as a function of age at onset: no association with complications. Diabet Med 1998; 15:586-91. [PMID: 9686699 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9136(199807)15:7<586::aid-dia624>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GAD-A) and tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 autoantibodies (IA2-A) were measured in sera of 50 recently diagnosed (<6 wk, 33% younger than 15 yr), 19 short-term (1 to 9 yr, 35% with onset age below 15 yr) and 89 long-standing diabetic patients (>10 yr, 57% with onset age below 15 yr). Complications were assessed by clinical examination, retinal angiographs and microalbuminuria measurement. Both prevalences and levels of GAD-A and IA2-A decreased with increasing duration of diabetes. However even in those with long duration diabetes, 15 to 63% of the sera were still positive for one or two antibodies. In the group with onset after the age of 15 yr, significantly higher prevalences and levels of GAD-A (but not IA2-A) was observed in comparison with the group with earlier onset. No association was found with any microvascular complications in any group. We conclude that GAD-A and IA2-A persist in some diabetic patients, despite a long duration. Persistence of GAD-A was greatest in those with postpubertal disease onset. We speculate that persistence of some beta-cells or specific environmental factors can sustain one autoimmune reaction especially in some postpubertal-onset diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hermitte
- Laboratoire de Diabetologie, UPRES-EA 2193, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseilles, France
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