1
|
Guo Q, Li VZ, Nichol JN, Huang F, Yang W, Preston SEJ, Talat Z, Lefrère H, Yu H, Zhang G, Basik M, Gonçalves C, Zhan Y, Plourde D, Su J, Torres J, Marques M, Habyan SA, Bijian K, Amant F, Wichter M, Behbod F, McCaffrey L, Alaoui-Jamali M, Giannakopoulos NV, Brackstone M, Postovit LM, Del Rincón SV, Miller WH. Correction: MNK1/NODAL Signaling Promotes Invasive Progression of Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ. Cancer Res 2024; 84:1373. [PMID: 38616659 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-24-0461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
|
2
|
Aghigh A, Jargot G, Zaouter C, Preston SEJ, Mohammadi MS, Ibrahim H, Del Rincón SV, Patten K, Légaré F. A comparative study of CARE 2D and N2V 2D for tissue-specific denoising in second harmonic generation imaging. J Biophotonics 2024:e202300565. [PMID: 38566461 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the application of deep learning in second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy, a rapidly growing area. This study focuses on the impact of glycerol concentration on image noise in SHG microscopy and compares two image restoration techniques: Noise-to-Void 2D (N2V 2D, no reference image restoration) and content-aware image restoration (CARE 2D, full reference image restoration). We demonstrated that N2V 2D effectively restored the images affected by high glycerol concentrations. To reduce sample exposure and damage, this study further addresses low-power SHG imaging by reducing the laser power by 70% using deep learning techniques. CARE 2D excels in preserving detailed structures, whereas N2V 2D maintains natural muscle structure. This study highlights the strengths and limitations of these models in specific SHG microscopy applications, offering valuable insights and potential advancements in the field .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Aghigh
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Gaëtan Jargot
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Charlotte Zaouter
- Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie Research Centre, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Samuel E J Preston
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Melika Saadat Mohammadi
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Heide Ibrahim
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kessen Patten
- Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie Research Centre, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - François Légaré
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bartish M, Abraham MJ, Gonçalves C, Larsson O, Rolny C, Del Rincón SV. The role of eIF4F-driven mRNA translation in regulating the tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:408-425. [PMID: 37142795 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00567-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cells can rapidly adjust their proteomes in dynamic environments by regulating mRNA translation. There is mounting evidence that dysregulation of mRNA translation supports the survival and adaptation of cancer cells, which has stimulated clinical interest in targeting elements of the translation machinery and, in particular, components of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex such as eIF4E. However, the effect of targeting mRNA translation on infiltrating immune cells and stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment (TME) has, until recently, remained unexplored. In this Perspective article, we discuss how eIF4F-sensitive mRNA translation controls the phenotypes of key non-transformed cells in the TME, with an emphasis on the underlying therapeutic implications of targeting eIF4F in cancer. As eIF4F-targeting agents are in clinical trials, we propose that a broader understanding of their effect on gene expression in the TME will reveal unappreciated therapeutic vulnerabilities that could be used to improve the efficacy of existing cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Bartish
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Madelyn J Abraham
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christophe Gonçalves
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ola Larsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Rolny
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aghigh A, Preston SEJ, Jargot G, Ibrahim H, Del Rincón SV, Légaré F. Nonlinear microscopy and deep learning classification for mammary gland microenvironment studies. Biomed Opt Express 2023; 14:2181-2195. [PMID: 37206132 PMCID: PMC10191635 DOI: 10.1364/boe.487087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Tumors, their microenvironment, and the mechanisms by which collagen morphology changes throughout cancer progression have recently been a topic of interest. Second harmonic generation (SHG) and polarization second harmonic (P-SHG) microscopy are label-free, hallmark methods that can highlight this alteration in the extracellular matrix (ECM). This article uses automated sample scanning SHG and P-SHG microscopy to investigate ECM deposition associated with tumors residing in the mammary gland. We show two different analysis approaches using the acquired images to distinguish collagen fibrillar orientation changes in the ECM. Lastly, we apply a supervised deep-learning model to classify naïve and tumor-bearing mammary gland SHG images. We benchmark the trained model using transfer learning with the well-known MobileNetV2 architecture. By fine-tuning the different parameters of these models, we show a trained deep-learning model that suits such a small dataset with 73% accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Aghigh
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Samuel E. J. Preston
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gaëtan Jargot
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Heide Ibrahim
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute and Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - François Légaré
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bartish M, Smith-Voudouris J, Del Rincón SV. Fibroblast Isolation from Mammary Gland Tissue and Syngeneic Murine Breast Cancer Models. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2614:171-185. [PMID: 36587126 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2914-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are vital within the tumor ecosystem, regulating tumor growth, dissemination, and response to therapy through crosstalk with tumor cells, infiltrating immune and vascular cells, as well as components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). CAFs have thus emerged as potential therapeutic targets to complement cancer cell-targeted therapies. To study CAF-tumor cell crosstalk ex vivo, robust isolation methods of primary CAFs are required. Here, we present protocols to isolate, expand, and culture two types of fibroblasts: (1) healthy murine mammary gland fibroblasts, a key source of the CAF population in breast tumor models and (2) CAFs derived from syngeneic murine breast tumors. Isolated mammary fibroblasts and CAFs are suitable for use in a variety of downstream cellular and molecular experiments. We expect these methods to be useful to scientists studying the properties of fibroblasts and CAFs and the interaction between CAFs and the various components of the tumor microenvironment (TME).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Bartish
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute & Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Science for life laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Julian Smith-Voudouris
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute & Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute & Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Santinon F, Young YK, Del Rincón SV, Mann KK. Analyzing the Tumor-Immune Microenvironment by Flow Cytometry. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2614:17-36. [PMID: 36587116 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2914-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Flow cytometry is an essential tool for studying the tumor-immune microenvironment. It allows us to quickly quantify and identify multiple cell types in a heterogeneous sample. This chapter provides an overview of the flow cytometry instrumentation and a discussion of the appropriate considerations and steps in building a reproducible flow cytometry staining panel. We present an updated lymphoid tissue and solid tumor-infiltrating leucocyte flow cytometry staining protocol and an example of flow cytometry data analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Santinon
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Yoon Kow Young
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Koren K Mann
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Preston SEJ, Richard VR, Del Rincón SV, Borchers CH, Zahedi RP. Proteomic Assessment of the Murine Mammary Gland Extracellular Matrix. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2614:261-271. [PMID: 36587130 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2914-7_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a molecular scaffold mainly comprising fibrous proteins, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and polysaccharides. Aside from acting as a structural support, the ECM's composition dictates cell-matrix interactions at the biochemical and biophysical level. In the context of cancer, the ECM is a critical component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and dysregulation of its deposition and remodelling has been shown to promote tumor onset, progression, and metastasis. Here, we describe a robust protocol for the isolation and subsequent proteomic analysis of the ECM of murine mammary glands, for downstream assays studying the role of the ECM in breast cancer. The protocol yields sufficient protein amounts to enable not only the global quantitation of protein expression but furthermore the enrichment and quantitative analysis of post-translationally modified peptides to study aberrant signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel E J Preston
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vincent R Richard
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christoph H Borchers
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Pathology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. .,Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada.
| | - René P Zahedi
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. .,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dahabieh MS, Huang F, Goncalves C, Flores González RE, Prabhu S, Bolt A, Di Pietro E, Khoury E, Heath J, Xu ZY, Rémy-Sarrazin J, Mann KK, Orthwein A, Boisvert FM, Braverman N, Miller WH, Del Rincón SV. Silencing PEX26 as an unconventional mode to kill drug-resistant cancer cells and forestall drug resistance. Autophagy 2021; 18:540-558. [PMID: 34074205 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1936932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Promoting the macroautophagy/autophagy-mediated degradation of specific proteins and organelles can potentially be utilized to induce apoptosis in cancer cells or sensitize tumor cells to therapy. To examine this concept, we enriched for autophagosomes from histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi)-sensitive U937 lymphoma cells and isogenic HDACi-resistant cells. Mass spectrometry on autophagosome-enriched fractions revealed that HDACi-resistant cells undergo elevated pexophagy, or autophagy of the peroxisome, an organelle that supports tumor growth. To disturb peroxisome homeostasis, we enhanced pexophagy in HDACi-resistant cells via genetic silencing of peroxisome exportomer complex components (PEX1, PEX6, or PEX26). This consequently sensitized resistant cells to HDACi-mediated apoptosis, which was rescued by inhibiting ATM/ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM serine/threonine kinase), a mediator of pexophagy. We subsequently engineered melanoma cells to stably repress PEX26 using CRISPR interference (CRISPRi). Melanoma cells with repressed PEX26 expression showed evidence of both increased pexophagy and peroxisomal matrix protein import defects versus single guide scrambled (sgSCR) controls. In vivo studies showed that sgPEX26 melanoma xenografts recurred less compared to sgSCR xenografts, following the development of resistance to mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-targeted therapy. Finally, prognostic analysis of publicly available datasets showed that low expression levels of PEX26, PEX6 and MTOR, were significantly associated with prolonged patient survival in lymphoma, lung cancer and melanoma cohorts. Our work highlighted that drugs designed to disrupt peroxisome homeostasis may serve as unconventional therapies to combat therapy resistance in cancer.Abbreviations: ABCD3/PMP70: ATP binding cassette subfamily D member 3; ACOX1: acyl-CoA oxidase 1; AP: autophagosome; COX: cytochrome c oxidase; CQ: chloroquine; CRISPRi: clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference; DLBCL: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; GO: gene ontology; dCas9: Cas9 endonuclease dead, or dead Cas9; HDACi: histone deacetylase inhibitors; IHC: Immunohistochemistry; LAMP2: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2; LCFAs: long-chain fatty acids; LFQ-MS: label-free quantitation mass spectrometry; LPC: lysophoshatidylcholine; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; PBD: peroxisome biogenesis disorders; PTS1: peroxisomal targeting signal 1; ROS: reactive oxygen species; sgRNA: single guide RNA; VLCFAs: very-long chain fatty acids; Vor: vorinostat; WO: wash-off.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Dahabieh
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Fan Huang
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Raúl Ernesto Flores González
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sathyen Prabhu
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Alicia Bolt
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Erminia Di Pietro
- Department of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, Research Institute of McGill University Children's Hospital, Montréal, Canada
| | - Elie Khoury
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - John Heath
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Zi Yi Xu
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Koren K Mann
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Alexandre Orthwein
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Nancy Braverman
- Department of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, Research Institute of McGill University Children's Hospital, Montréal, Canada
| | - Wilson H Miller
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shorstova T, Su J, Zhao T, Dahabieh M, Leibovitch M, De Sa Tavares Russo M, Avizonis D, Rajkumar S, Watson IR, Del Rincón SV, Miller WH, Foulkes WD, Witcher M. Reprogramming of Nucleotide Metabolism Mediates Synergy between Epigenetic Therapy and MAP Kinase Inhibition. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:64-75. [PMID: 33087508 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare but often lethal cancer that is diagnosed at a median age of 24 years. Optimal management of patients is not well defined, and current treatment remains challenging, necessitating the discovery of novel therapeutic approaches. The identification of SMARCA4-inactivating mutations invariably characterizing this type of cancer provided insights facilitating diagnostic and therapeutic measures against this disease. We show here that the BET inhibitor OTX015 acts in synergy with the MEK inhibitor cobimetinib to repress the proliferation of SCCOHT in vivo Notably, this synergy is also observed in some SMARCA4-expressing ovarian adenocarcinoma models intrinsically resistant to BETi. Mass spectrometry, coupled with knockdown of newly found targets such as thymidylate synthase, revealed that the repression of a panel of proteins involved in nucleotide synthesis underlies this synergy both in vitro and in vivo, resulting in reduced pools of nucleotide metabolites and subsequent cell-cycle arrest. Overall, our data indicate that dual treatment with BETi and MEKi represents a rational combination therapy against SCCOHT and potentially additional ovarian cancer subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Shorstova
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jie Su
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael Dahabieh
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matthew Leibovitch
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Daina Avizonis
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre's (GCRC) Metabolomics Facility, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shivshankari Rajkumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Goodman Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ian R Watson
- Department of Biochemistry, Goodman Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Wilson H Miller
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - William D Foulkes
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Departments of Oncology and Human Genetics, McGill University, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael Witcher
- Departments of Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Lady Davis Institute and Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bartish M, Del Rincón SV, Rudd CE, Saragovi HU. Aiming for the Sweet Spot: Glyco-Immune Checkpoints and γδ T Cells in Targeted Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:564499. [PMID: 33133075 PMCID: PMC7550643 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.564499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Though a healthy immune system is capable of recognizing and eliminating emergent cancerous cells, an established tumor is adept at escaping immune surveillance. Altered and tumor-specific expression of immunosuppressive cell surface carbohydrates, also termed the “tumor glycocode,” is a prominent mechanism by which tumors can escape anti-tumor immunity. Given their persistent and homogeneous expression, tumor-associated glycans are promising targets to be exploited as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, the exploitation of these glycans has been a challenge due to their low immunogenicity, immunosuppressive properties, and the inefficient presentation of glycolipids in a conventional major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted manner. Despite this, a subset of T-cells expressing the gamma and delta chains of the T-cell receptor (γδ T cells) exist with a capacity for MHC-unrestricted antigen recognition and potent inherent anti-tumor properties. In this review, we discuss the role of tumor-associated glycans in anti-tumor immunity, with an emphasis on the potential of γδ T cells to target the tumor glycocode. Understanding the many facets of this interaction holds the potential to unlock new ways to use both tumor-associated glycans and γδ T cells in novel therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Bartish
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Translational Center for Research in Cancer, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Translational Center for Research in Cancer, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christopher E Rudd
- Division of Immuno-Oncology, Research Center Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - H Uri Saragovi
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Translational Center for Research in Cancer, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Oncology and Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
The tremendous success of immune checkpoint blockades has revolutionized cancer management. Our increased understanding of the cell types that compose the tumor microenvironment (TME), including those of the innate and adaptive immune system, has helped to shape additional immune modulatory strategies in cancer care. Pre-clinical and clinical investigations targeting novel checkpoint interactions and key pathways that regulate cancer immunity continue to increase rapidly. Various combinatorial drug regimens are being tested in attempt to achieve durable response and survival rates of patients with cancer. This review provides an overview of specific components of the TME, an introduction to novel immune checkpoints, followed by a survey of present day and future combination immune modulatory therapies. The idea that the immune system can recognize and destroy tumor cells was first described in the cancer immunosurveillance hypothesis of Burnet and Thomas. However, early experimental evidence failed to support the concept. It was not until the late 1990s when seminal papers clearly showed the existence of cancer immunosurveillance, leading to the cancer immunoediting hypothesis. In this century, progress in the understanding of negative regulators of the immune response led to the discovery that inhibition of these regulators in patients with cancer could lead to dramatic and durable remissions. Drs. Tasuku Honjo and James P. Allison were awarded the Nobel Prize in 2018 for their pioneering work in this field. We now see rapid advances in cancer immunology and emerging effective therapies revolutionizing cancer care across tumor types in the clinic, while pre-clinical research is moving from a focus on the malignant cells themselves to dissect the highly heterogenic and complex multi-cellular tumor microenvironment (TME).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Guo
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Segal Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Fan Huang
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Segal Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christophe Goncalves
- Jewish General Hospital, Segal Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Segal Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wilson H Miller
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Jewish General Hospital, Segal Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Montreal, QC, Canada; Rossy Cancer Network, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Guo Q, Li VZ, Nichol JN, Huang F, Yang W, Preston SEJ, Talat Z, Lefrère H, Yu H, Zhang G, Basik M, Gonçalves C, Zhan Y, Plourde D, Su J, Torres J, Marques M, Habyan SA, Bijian K, Amant F, Witcher M, Behbod F, McCaffrey L, Alaoui-Jamali M, Giannakopoulos NV, Brackstone M, Postovit LM, Del Rincón SV, Miller WH. MNK1/NODAL Signaling Promotes Invasive Progression of Breast Ductal Carcinoma In Situ. Cancer Res 2019; 79:1646-1657. [PMID: 30659022 PMCID: PMC6513674 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which breast cancers progress from relatively indolent ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) are not well understood. However, this process is critical to the acquisition of metastatic potential. MAPK-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (MNK1) signaling can promote cell invasion. NODAL, a morphogen essential for embryogenic patterning, is often reexpressed in breast cancer. Here we describe a MNK1/NODAL signaling axis that promotes DCIS progression to IDC. We generated MNK1 knockout (KO) or constitutively active MNK1 (caMNK1)-expressing human MCF-10A-derived DCIS cell lines, which were orthotopically injected into the mammary glands of mice. Loss of MNK1 repressed NODAL expression, inhibited DCIS to IDC conversion, and decreased tumor relapse and metastasis. Conversely, caMNK1 induced NODAL expression and promoted IDC. The MNK1/NODAL axis promoted cancer stem cell properties and invasion in vitro. The MNK1/2 inhibitor SEL201 blocked DCIS progression to invasive disease in vivo. In clinical samples, IDC and DCIS with microinvasion expressed higher levels of phospho-MNK1 and NODAL versus low-grade (invasion-free) DCIS. Cumulatively, our data support further development of MNK1 inhibitors as therapeutics for preventing invasive disease. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings provide new mechanistic insight into progression of ductal carcinoma and support clinical application of MNK1 inhibitors to delay progression of indolent ductal carcinoma in situ to invasive ductal carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Guo
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vivian Z Li
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jessica N Nichol
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fan Huang
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - William Yang
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Samuel E J Preston
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Zahra Talat
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Hanne Lefrère
- Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Henry Yu
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Guihua Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark Basik
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christophe Gonçalves
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Yao Zhan
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dany Plourde
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jie Su
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jose Torres
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maud Marques
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sara Al Habyan
- Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Krikor Bijian
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael Witcher
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fariba Behbod
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Centre, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Luke McCaffrey
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Moulay Alaoui-Jamali
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nadia V Giannakopoulos
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Muriel Brackstone
- Departments of Surgery and Oncology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lynne-Marie Postovit
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sonia V Del Rincón
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Wilson H Miller
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Rossy Cancer Network, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Petruccelli LA, Pettersson F, Del Rincón SV, Guilbert C, Licht JD, Miller WH. Expression of leukemia-associated fusion proteins increases sensitivity to histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:1591-604. [PMID: 23536727 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDI) show activity in a broad range of hematologic and solid malignancies, yet the percentage of patients in any given malignancy who experience a meaningful clinical response remains small. In this study, we sought to investigate HDI efficacy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells expressing leukemia-associated fusion proteins (LAFP). HDIs have been shown to induce apoptosis, in part, through accumulation of DNA damage and inhibition of DNA repair. LAFPs have been correlated with a DNA repair-deficient phenotype, which may make them more sensitive to HDI-induced DNA damage. We found that expression of the LAFPs PLZF-RARα, PML-RARα, and RUNX1-ETO (AML1-ETO) increased sensitivity to DNA damage and apoptosis induced by the HDI vorinostat. The increase in apoptosis correlated with an enhanced downregulation of the prosurvival protein BCL2. Vorinostat also induced expression of the cell-cycle regulators p19(INK4D) and p21(WAF1) and triggered a G2-M cell cycle arrest to a greater extent in LAFP-expressing cells. The combination of LAFP and vorinostat further led to a greater downregulation of several base excision repair (BER) enzymes. These BER genes represent biomarker candidates for response to HDI-induced DNA damage. Notably, repair of vorinostat-induced DNA double-strand breaks was found to be impaired in PLZF-RARα-expressing cells, suggesting a mechanism by which LAFP expression and HDI treatment cooperate to cause an accumulation of damaged DNA. These data support the continued study of HDI-based treatment regimens in LAFP-positive AMLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca A Petruccelli
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Segal Cancer Center, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Del Rincón SV, Rogers J, Widschwendter M, Sun D, Sieburg HB, Spruck C. Development and validation of a method for profiling post-translational modification activities using protein microarrays. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11332. [PMID: 20596523 PMCID: PMC2893156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Post-translational modifications (PTMs) impact on the stability, cellular location, and function of a protein thereby achieving a greater functional diversity of the proteome. To fully appreciate how PTMs modulate signaling networks, proteome-wide studies are necessary. However, the evaluation of PTMs on a proteome-wide scale has proven to be technically difficult. To facilitate these analyses we have developed a protein microarray-based assay that is capable of profiling PTM activities in complex biological mixtures such as whole-cell extracts and pathological specimens. Methodology/Principal Findings In our assay, protein microarrays serve as a substrate platform for in vitro enzymatic reactions in which a recombinant ligase, or extracts prepared from whole cells or a pathological specimen is overlaid. The reactions include labeled modifiers (e.g., ubiquitin, SUMO1, or NEDD8), ATP regenerating system, and other required components (depending on the assay) that support the conjugation of the modifier. In this report, we apply this methodology to profile three molecularly complex PTMs (ubiquitylation, SUMOylation, and NEDDylation) using purified ligase enzymes and extracts prepared from cultured cell lines and pathological specimens. We further validate this approach by confirming the in vivo modification of several novel PTM substrates identified by our assay. Conclusions/Significance This methodology offers several advantages over currently used PTM detection methods including ease of use, rapidity, scale, and sample source diversity. Furthermore, by allowing for the intrinsic enzymatic activities of cell populations or pathological states to be directly compared, this methodology could have widespread applications for the study of PTMs in human diseases and has the potential to be directly applied to most, if not all, basic PTM research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia V Del Rincón
- Signal Transduction Program, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Del Rincón SV, Scadding SR. Retinoid antagonists inhibit normal patterning during limb regeneration in the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum. J Exp Zool 2002; 292:435-43. [PMID: 11857478 DOI: 10.1002/jez.10050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) has been detected in the regenerating limb of the axolotl, and exogenous RA can proximalize, posteriorize, and ventralize blastemal cells. Thus, RA may be an endogenous regulatory factor during limb regeneration. We have investigated whether endogenous retinoids are essential for patterning during axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) limb regeneration by using retinoid antagonists that bind to specific RAR (retinoic acid receptor) or RXR (retinoid X receptor) retinoid receptor subtypes. Retinoid antagonists (Ro41-5253, Ro61-8431, LE135, and LE540) were administered to regenerating limbs using implanted silastin blocks loaded with each antagonist. The skeletal pattern of regenerated limbs treated with Ro41-5253 or Ro61-8431 differed only slightly from control limbs. Treatment with LE135 inhibited limb regeneration, while treatment with LE540 allowed relatively normal limb regeneration. When LE135 and LE540 were implanted together, regeneration was not completely inhibited and a hand-like process regenerated. These results demonstrate that interfering with retinoid receptors can modify pattern in the regenerating limb indicating that endogenous retinoids are important during patterning of the regenerating limb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia V Del Rincón
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2
| | | |
Collapse
|