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Schwietzer MF, Thölmann S, Greune L, Ebnet K. A micropattern-based assay to study contact inhibition of locomotion and entosis of adherent human and canine cells in vitro. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102186. [PMID: 36952336 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a protocol for using micropatterns to study post-collision locomotion and entosis of human and canine cells in vitro. We describe steps for lentiviral transduction and the preparation of micropatterned slides consisting of narrow matrix-coated stripes separated by cytophobic spacers. We then detail cell seeding, chamber assembly, and live cell analysis. We provide steps for analysis by live cell imaging using fluorescence microscopy as well as fixing for subsequent analysis by confocal microscopy or correlative light and electron microscopy. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Kummer et al. (2022)1 and Schwietzer et al. (2022).2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariel Flavia Schwietzer
- Institute-associated Research Group "Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity", Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Sonja Thölmann
- Institute-associated Research Group "Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity", Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Lilo Greune
- Institute of Infectiology, ZMBE, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Ebnet
- Institute-associated Research Group "Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity", Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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2
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Kummer D, Steinbacher T, Thölmann S, Schwietzer MF, Hartmann C, Horenkamp S, Demuth S, Peddibhotla SS, Brinkmann F, Kemper B, Schnekenburger J, Brandt M, Betz T, Liashkovich I, Kouzel IU, Shahin V, Corvaia N, Rottner K, Tarbashevich K, Raz E, Greune L, Schmidt MA, Gerke V, Ebnet K. A JAM-A-tetraspanin-αvβ5 integrin complex regulates contact inhibition of locomotion. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2022; 221:213070. [PMID: 35293964 PMCID: PMC8931538 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202105147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL) is a process that regulates cell motility upon collision with other cells. Improper regulation of CIL has been implicated in cancer cell dissemination. Here, we identify the cell adhesion molecule JAM-A as a central regulator of CIL in tumor cells. JAM-A is part of a multimolecular signaling complex in which tetraspanins CD9 and CD81 link JAM-A to αvβ5 integrin. JAM-A binds Csk and inhibits the activity of αvβ5 integrin-associated Src. Loss of JAM-A results in increased activities of downstream effectors of Src, including Erk1/2, Abi1, and paxillin, as well as increased activity of Rac1 at cell-cell contact sites. As a consequence, JAM-A-depleted cells show increased motility, have a higher cell-matrix turnover, and fail to halt migration when colliding with other cells. We also find that proper regulation of CIL depends on αvβ5 integrin engagement. Our findings identify a molecular mechanism that regulates CIL in tumor cells and have implications on tumor cell dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kummer
- Institute-associated Research Group “Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity”, Münster, Germany,Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Center (IZKF), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tim Steinbacher
- Institute-associated Research Group “Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity”, Münster, Germany,Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sonja Thölmann
- Institute-associated Research Group “Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity”, Münster, Germany,Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mariel Flavia Schwietzer
- Institute-associated Research Group “Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity”, Münster, Germany,Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Hartmann
- Institute-associated Research Group “Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity”, Münster, Germany,Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Simone Horenkamp
- Institute-associated Research Group “Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity”, Münster, Germany,Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sabrina Demuth
- Institute-associated Research Group “Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity”, Münster, Germany,Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Swetha S.D. Peddibhotla
- Institute-associated Research Group “Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity”, Münster, Germany,Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Frauke Brinkmann
- Institute-associated Research Group “Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity”, Münster, Germany,Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Björn Kemper
- Biomedical Technology Center, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schnekenburger
- Biomedical Technology Center, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Brandt
- Institute-associated Research Group “Mechanics of Cellular Systems”, Institute of Cell Biology, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Timo Betz
- Institute-associated Research Group “Mechanics of Cellular Systems”, Institute of Cell Biology, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ivan Liashkovich
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ivan U. Kouzel
- Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology University of Bergen Thormøhlensgt, Bergen, Norway
| | - Victor Shahin
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nathalie Corvaia
- Centre d’Immunologie Pierre Fabre (CIPF), Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Divison of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technical University Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany,Molecular Cell Biology Group, Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Erez Raz
- Institute of Cell Biology, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003—CiM), University of Münster, 48419 Münster, Germany
| | - Lilo Greune
- Institute of Infectiology, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Volker Gerke
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003—CiM), University of Münster, 48419 Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Ebnet
- Institute-associated Research Group “Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity”, Münster, Germany,Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Center (IZKF), University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003—CiM), University of Münster, 48419 Münster, Germany
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Thölmann S, Seebach J, Otani T, Florin L, Schnittler H, Gerke V, Furuse M, Ebnet K. JAM-A interacts with α3β1 integrin and tetraspanins CD151 and CD9 to regulate collective cell migration of polarized epithelial cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:88. [PMID: 35067832 PMCID: PMC8784505 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04140-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AbstractJunctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-A is a cell adhesion receptor localized at epithelial cell–cell contacts with enrichment at the tight junctions. Its role during cell–cell contact formation and epithelial barrier formation has intensively been studied. In contrast, its role during collective cell migration is largely unexplored. Here, we show that JAM-A regulates collective cell migration of polarized epithelial cells. Depletion of JAM-A in MDCK cells enhances the motility of singly migrating cells but reduces cell motility of cells embedded in a collective by impairing the dynamics of cryptic lamellipodia formation. This activity of JAM-A is observed in cells grown on laminin and collagen-I but not on fibronectin or vitronectin. Accordingly, we find that JAM-A exists in a complex with the laminin- and collagen-I-binding α3β1 integrin. We also find that JAM-A interacts with tetraspanins CD151 and CD9, which both interact with α3β1 integrin and regulate α3β1 integrin activity in different contexts. Mapping experiments indicate that JAM-A associates with α3β1 integrin and tetraspanins CD151 and CD9 through its extracellular domain. Similar to depletion of JAM-A, depletion of either α3β1 integrin or tetraspanins CD151 and CD9 in MDCK cells slows down collective cell migration. Our findings suggest that JAM-A exists with α3β1 integrin and tetraspanins CD151 and CD9 in a functional complex to regulate collective cell migration of polarized epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Thölmann
- Institute-Associated Research Group "Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity", Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jochen Seebach
- Institute of Anatomy and Vascular Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Center, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tetsuhisa Otani
- Division of Cell Structure, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Luise Florin
- Institute for Virology and Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans Schnittler
- Institute of Anatomy and Vascular Biology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Center, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Volker Gerke
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Center, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Mikio Furuse
- Division of Cell Structure, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institute of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Klaus Ebnet
- Institute-Associated Research Group "Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity", Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, 48149, Münster, Germany.
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Center, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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4
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Kummer D, Steinbacher T, Schwietzer MF, Thölmann S, Ebnet K. Tetraspanins: integrating cell surface receptors to functional microdomains in homeostasis and disease. Med Microbiol Immunol 2020; 209:397-405. [PMID: 32274581 PMCID: PMC7395057 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-020-00673-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tetraspanins comprise a family of proteins embedded in the membrane through four transmembrane domains. One of the most distinctive features of tetraspanins is their ability to interact with other proteins in the membrane using their extracellular, transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, allowing them to incorporate several proteins into clusters called tetraspanin-enriched microdomains. The spatial proximity of signaling proteins and their regulators enables a rapid functional cross-talk between these proteins, which is required for a rapid translation of extracellular signals into intracellular signaling cascades. In this article, we highlight a few examples that illustrate how tetraspanin-mediated interactions between cell surface proteins allow their functional cross-talk to regulate intracellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kummer
- Institute-Associated Research Group: Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Center (IZKF), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tim Steinbacher
- Institute-Associated Research Group: Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Cells-In-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mariel Flavia Schwietzer
- Institute-Associated Research Group: Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sonja Thölmann
- Institute-Associated Research Group: Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Ebnet
- Institute-Associated Research Group: Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Center (IZKF), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
- Cells-In-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC1003-CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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