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Hua F, Wang W, Nakagawa S, Liu S, Miao X, Yu L, Du Z, Abrahamczyk S, Arias-Sosa LA, Buda K, Budka M, Carrière SM, Chandler RB, Chiatante G, Chiawo DO, Cresswell W, Echeverri A, Goodale E, Huang G, Hulme MF, Hutto RL, Imboma TS, Jarrett C, Jiang Z, Kati VI, King DI, Kmecl P, Li N, Lövei GL, Macchi L, MacGregor-Fors I, Martin EA, Mira A, Morelli F, Ortega-Álvarez R, Quan RC, Salgueiro PA, Santos SM, Shahabuddin G, Socolar JB, Soh MCK, Sreekar R, Srinivasan U, Wilcove DS, Yamaura Y, Zhou L, Elsen PR. Ecological filtering shapes the impacts of agricultural deforestation on biodiversity. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:251-266. [PMID: 38182682 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02280-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The biodiversity impacts of agricultural deforestation vary widely across regions. Previous efforts to explain this variation have focused exclusively on the landscape features and management regimes of agricultural systems, neglecting the potentially critical role of ecological filtering in shaping deforestation tolerance of extant species assemblages at large geographical scales via selection for functional traits. Here we provide a large-scale test of this role using a global database of species abundance ratios between matched agricultural and native forest sites that comprises 71 avian assemblages reported in 44 primary studies, and a companion database of 10 functional traits for all 2,647 species involved. Using meta-analytic, phylogenetic and multivariate methods, we show that beyond agricultural features, filtering by the extent of natural environmental variability and the severity of historical anthropogenic deforestation shapes the varying deforestation impacts across species assemblages. For assemblages under greater environmental variability-proxied by drier and more seasonal climates under a greater disturbance regime-and longer deforestation histories, filtering has attenuated the negative impacts of current deforestation by selecting for functional traits linked to stronger deforestation tolerance. Our study provides a previously largely missing piece of knowledge in understanding and managing the biodiversity consequences of deforestation by agricultural deforestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Hua
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Weiyi Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shuangqi Liu
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinran Miao
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Le Yu
- Department of Earth System Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Education Ecological Field Station for East Asia Migratory Birds, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua University (Department of Earth System Science)-Xi'an Institute of Surveying and Mapping Joint Research Center for Next-Generation Smart Mapping, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenrong Du
- Department of Earth System Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Institute for Global Change Studies, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Stefan Abrahamczyk
- Department of Botany, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Luis Alejandro Arias-Sosa
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Organismos (GEO-UPTC), Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Kinga Buda
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Budka
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Stéphanie M Carrière
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR SENS, IRD, CIRAD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Richard B Chandler
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - David O Chiawo
- Centre for Biodiversity Information Development, Strathmore University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Will Cresswell
- Centre of Biological Diversity, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland
| | - Alejandra Echeverri
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Eben Goodale
- Department of Health and Environmental Science, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guohualing Huang
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark F Hulme
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
- British Trust for Ornithology, Norfolk, UK
| | - Richard L Hutto
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Titus S Imboma
- Ornithology Section, Zoology Department, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Crinan Jarrett
- Department of Bird Migration, Swiss Ornithological Institute, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Zhigang Jiang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Vassiliki I Kati
- Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - David I King
- Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Primož Kmecl
- Group for Conservation Biology, DOPPS BirdLife Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Na Li
- Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Gábor L Lövei
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian University of Agriculture and Forestry, Fuzhou, China
- HUN-REN-DE Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Leandro Macchi
- Instituto de Ecología Regional (IER), CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Ian MacGregor-Fors
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Lahti, Finland
| | - Emily A Martin
- Institute of Animal Ecology and Systematic Zoology, Justus Liebig University of Gießen, Giessen, Germany
| | - António Mira
- MED (Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development), CHANGE (Global Change and Sustainability Institute) and UBC (Conservation Biology Lab), Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Federico Morelli
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Rubén Ortega-Álvarez
- Investigadoras e Investigadores por México del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Dirección Regional Occidente, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rui-Chang Quan
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, China
| | - Pedro A Salgueiro
- MED (Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development), CHANGE (Global Change and Sustainability Institute), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research and UBC (Conservation Biology Lab), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Sara M Santos
- MED (Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development), CHANGE (Global Change and Sustainability Institute), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research and UBC (Conservation Biology Lab), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Rachakonda Sreekar
- Centre for Nature-based Climate Solutions, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Umesh Srinivasan
- Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - David S Wilcove
- School of Public and International Affairs and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Yuichi Yamaura
- Shikoku Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Kochi, Japan
| | - Liping Zhou
- Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Paul R Elsen
- Global Conservation Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY, USA
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Fache E, Piovano S, Soderberg A, Tuiono M, Riera L, David G, Kowasch M, Pauwels S, Breckwoldt A, Carrière SM, Sabinot C. "Draw the sea…": Children's representations of ocean connectivity in Fiji and New Caledonia. Ambio 2022; 51:2445-2458. [PMID: 36149595 PMCID: PMC9584002 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-022-01777-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the South Pacific region, marine territories and resources play a crucial role for local communities. Children engage with these territories and resources from an early age onwards. As the next ocean stewards, they are a stakeholder group whose understandings of ocean connectivity and fisheries should be given serious consideration in decision-making processes towards the sustainable use and management of coastal seas. This paper analyses 290 children's drawings from Fiji and New Caledonia, created in 2019 in spontaneous response to the instruction: "Draw the sea and what you and others do in the sea". Exploring the webs of connections with and within the sea revealed by these children's drawings and their own interpretations leads us to discuss children's representations of the sea: (1) beyond a land-sea compartmentation, (2) as a locus of both exploitation and conservation of marine life, and (3) as a 'place-full' space connecting human and more-than-human realms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Fache
- SENS, IRD, CIRAD, Univ Paul Valery Montpellier 3, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Susanna Piovano
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences (SAGEONS), The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Bay Road, Private Mail Bag, Suva, Fiji
| | - Alisi Soderberg
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences (SAGEONS), The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Bay Road, Private Mail Bag, Suva, Fiji
| | - Malakai Tuiono
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences (SAGEONS), The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Bay Road, Private Mail Bag, Suva, Fiji
| | - Léa Riera
- SENS, IRD, CIRAD, Univ Paul Valery Montpellier 3, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Gilbert David
- UMR ESPACE-DEV, Univ Montpellier, IRD, Univ Antilles, Univ Avignon-Pays de Vaucluse, Univ Guyane, Univ La Réunion, Univ Nouvelle-Calédonie, Montpellier, France
| | - Matthias Kowasch
- Institute of Secondary Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Styria, Hasnerplatz 12, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
- UMR ESPACE-DEV, Univ Montpellier, IRD, Univ Antilles, Univ Avignon-Pays de Vaucluse, Univ Guyane, Univ La Réunion, Univ Nouvelle-Calédonie, Montpellier, France
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simonne Pauwels
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, EHESS, CREDO (UMR 7308), Labex Corail, Marseille, France
| | - Annette Breckwoldt
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Stéphanie M. Carrière
- SENS, IRD, CIRAD, Univ Paul Valery Montpellier 3, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Sabinot
- UMR ESPACE-DEV, Univ Montpellier, IRD, Univ Antilles, Univ Avignon-Pays de Vaucluse, Univ Guyane, Univ La Réunion, Univ Nouvelle-Calédonie, Montpellier, France
- Centre IRD Anse Vata, BPA5, 98848 Nouméa Cedex, Nouvelle-Calédonie
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Porcher V, Carrière SM, Gallois S, Randriambanona H, Rafidison VM, Reyes-García V. Growing up in the Betsileo landscape: Children’s wild edible plants knowledge in Madagascar. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264147. [PMID: 35176111 PMCID: PMC8853535 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding local knowledge about wild edible plants (WEP) is essential for assessing plant services, reducing the risks of knowledge extinction, recognizing the rights of local communities, and improving biodiversity conservation efforts. However, the knowledge of specific groups such as women or children tends to be under-represented in local ecological knowledge (LEK) research. In this study, we explore how knowledge of WEP is distributed across gender and life stages (adults/children) among Betsileo people in the southern highlands of Madagascar. Using data from free listings with 42 adults and 40 children, gender-balanced, we show that knowledge on WEP differs widely across gender and life stage. In addition, we find that children have extended knowledge of WEP while reporting different species than adults. Women’s knowledge specializes in herbaceous species (versus other plant life forms), while men’s knowledge specializes in endemic species (versus native or introduced). Finally, we find that introduced species are more frequently cited by children, while adults cite more endemic species. We discuss the LEK differentiation mechanisms and the implications of acquiring life stage’s knowledge in the highland landscapes of Madagascar. Given our findings, we highlight the importance of considering groups with under-represented knowledge repositories, such as children and women, into future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Porcher
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma deBarcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- SENS, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Sandrine Gallois
- Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Victoria Reyes-García
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma deBarcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avanç ats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Anthropology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Rimlinger A, Duminil J, Lemoine T, Avana ML, Chakocha A, Gakwavu A, Mboujda F, Tsogo M, Elias M, Carrière SM. Shifting perceptions, preferences and practices in the African fruit trade: the case of African plum (Dacryodes edulis) in different cultural and urbanization contexts in Cameroon. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2021; 17:65. [PMID: 34749757 PMCID: PMC8576868 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00488-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the perceptions, preferences and management practices associated with intraspecific variability of emblematic African tree crops is critical for their sustainable management. In this paper, we examine how the agrobiodiversity of a fruit tree species native to Central Africa, the African plum tree (Dacryodes edulis), is perceived and managed by Cameroonian cultivators. METHODS Semi-structured interviews and tree surveys were conducted over four months with 441 African plum tree owners from three different ethnic groups (Bamileke, Bassa, Beti) in urban, peri-urban and rural areas. Questions focused on trees owners' perceptions-including the local nomenclature-preferences and management practices related to African plum trees and their intraspecific agrobiodiversity. RESULTS Across the three ethnic groups in the study area, more than 300 different local varietal names were recorded. These were mainly based on morphological and organoleptic traits, with two-thirds of the names referring to fruit size, skin color and fruit taste. The same traits were used by tree owners to describe their fruit preferences, but their relative importance in shaping fruit preferences varied among groups. The preferences of urban dwellers from different ethnic groups when purchasing African plum fruit focused on the fruit's taste characteristics, while those of rural dwellers differed among ethnic groups. In rural areas, where African plums are sold and consumed by their growers, the preferences of Bassa consumers reflect quantity (fruit size) over quality (fruit taste or skin color) considerations. These preferences are reflected in the choice of seeds used for planting. Bassa owners sought seeds from trees with large fruits (with 34.8% of Bassa owners giving top priority to this trait as a selection criterion) to a significantly greater extent than Bamileke and Beti owners who prioritized taste and skin color instead. Among tree growers who selectively retained African plum trees in their fields, 44% considered tree productivity as a primary selection criterion. CONCLUSIONS Findings linking perceptions of and preferences for fruit traits to intraspecific tree diversity, with attention to inter-ethnic and rural-urban differences, will help design locally specific measures to conserve the agrobiodiversity of African plum in the context of its ongoing domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Rimlinger
- SENS, IRD, CIRAD, Univ Paul Valery Montpellier 3, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- DIADE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, France.
- Institute of Geography and Sustainability, Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jérôme Duminil
- DIADE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Taïna Lemoine
- CEFE Univ Montpellier - CNRS - EPHE - IRD - Univ Paul Valéry, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Louise Avana
- Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, Forestry Department, University of Dschang, BP 222, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Armel Chakocha
- Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, Forestry Department, University of Dschang, BP 222, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Alexis Gakwavu
- Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, Forestry Department, University of Dschang, BP 222, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Franca Mboujda
- DIADE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier, France
- Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, Forestry Department, University of Dschang, BP 222, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Marlène Elias
- The Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Via di San Domenico, 1, 00153, Rome, Italy
| | - Stéphanie M Carrière
- SENS, IRD, CIRAD, Univ Paul Valery Montpellier 3, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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Mariel J, Carrière SM, Penot E, Danthu P, Rafidison V, Labeyrie V. Exploring farmers' agrobiodiversity management practices and knowledge in clove agroforests of Madagascar. People and Nature 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pan3.10238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Mariel
- CIRADUMR SENS Montpellier France
- SENSCIRADIRDUniv Paul Valery Montpellier 3Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
| | | | - Eric Penot
- CIRADUMR Innovation Montpellier France
- Université de MontpellierCIRADINRAMontpellier SupAgro Montpellier France
| | - Pascal Danthu
- CIRADUPR HortSys Montpellier France
- UPR HortSysUniversité de MontpellierCIRAD Montpellier France
| | | | - Vanesse Labeyrie
- CIRADUMR SENS Montpellier France
- SENSCIRADIRDUniv Paul Valery Montpellier 3Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
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Rimlinger A, Avana ML, Awono A, Chakocha A, Gakwavu A, Lemoine T, Marie L, Mboujda F, Vigouroux Y, Johnson V, Vinceti B, Carrière SM, Duminil J. Trees and their seed networks: The social dynamics of urban fruit trees and implications for genetic diversity. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0243017. [PMID: 33724989 PMCID: PMC7963046 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Trees are a traditional component of urban spaces where they provide ecosystem services critical to urban wellbeing. In the Tropics, urban trees’ seed origins have rarely been characterized. Yet, understanding the social dynamics linked to tree planting is critical given their influence on the distribution of associated genetic diversity. This study examines elements of these dynamics (seed exchange networks) in an emblematic indigenous fruit tree species from Central Africa, the African plum tree (Dacryodes edulis, Burseraceae), within the urban context of Yaoundé. We further evaluate the consequences of these social dynamics on the distribution of the genetic diversity of the species in the city. Urban trees were planted predominantly using seeds sourced from outside the city, resulting in a level of genetic diversity as high in Yaoundé as in a whole region of production of the species. Debating the different drivers that foster the genetic diversity in planted urban trees, the study argues that cities and urban dwellers can unconsciously act as effective guardians of indigenous tree genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Rimlinger
- SENS, IRD, CIRAD, Univ. Paul Valery Montpellier 3, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- DIADE, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (AR); (SMC); (JD)
| | - Marie-Louise Avana
- Forestry Department, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Abdon Awono
- CIFOR, C/o IITA Humid Forest Ecoregional Center, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Armel Chakocha
- Forestry Department, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Alexis Gakwavu
- Forestry Department, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Lison Marie
- DIADE, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Franca Mboujda
- DIADE, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, Montpellier, France
- Forestry Department, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Vincent Johnson
- The Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Fiumicino Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Vinceti
- The Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Fiumicino Rome, Italy
| | - Stéphanie M. Carrière
- SENS, IRD, CIRAD, Univ. Paul Valery Montpellier 3, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (AR); (SMC); (JD)
| | - Jérôme Duminil
- DIADE, Univ. Montpellier, IRD, Montpellier, France
- The Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, Fiumicino Rome, Italy
- * E-mail: (AR); (SMC); (JD)
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7
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Blanco J, Michon G, Carrière SM. Natural ecosystem mimicry in traditional dryland agroecosystems: Insights from an empirical and holistic approach. J Environ Manage 2017; 204:111-122. [PMID: 28865306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
While the aim of Ecological Intensification is to enable the design of more sustainable and productive agricultural systems, it is not suited to dryland agroecosystems that are driven by non-equilibrium dynamics and intrinsic variability. Instead, a model based on mobility and variability management has been proposed for these agroecosystems. However, this model remains under-applied in southern Morocco where there have been few studies on the functioning of traditional agroecosystems. This paper focuses on an agroecosystem in the Moroccan Saharan fringe zone that combines agriculture and pastoralism in an acacia parkland. A grounded theory approach was used over a three-year investigation period (i) to highlight how agro-pastoral activities interface with environmental variability, and (ii) to analyze the formal and informal institutions that support these activities. Results show that farmers interface with rainfall variability through (i) an opportunistic agricultural calendar, (ii) a variation of cultivated areas, and (iii) crop diversification. Herders combine macro-mobility (nomads move over long distances to track rainfall) and micro-mobility (nomadic and sedentary herds are driven on a daily basis around settlements) to optimize the exploitation of ecological heterogeneity. During droughts, they also resort to State-subsidized forage supplies. Both cultivation and pastoral activities tend to interface with ecological dynamics and to mimic nature, resulting in a human-modified parkland that could be considered as a 'green agroecosystem'. The sustainability of natural resource use relies on flexible property rights, backed up by a social and cultural norm-based regulation system, that allow crop-livestock integration and landscape collective management. Despite encouraging results, the agroecosystem appears to be threatened by current agricultural policies, rural exodus and the lack of social recognition of nomadism. Nevertheless, because ecosystem mimicry of nature is often considered as a sound agricultural model for drylands, this case study could provide a basis for local development policies, and thus merits further attention from local managers and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Blanco
- IRD, UMR-220 GRED, Université Paul-Valéry - Saint Charles, Route de Mende, 34199, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | - Geneviève Michon
- IRD, UMR-220 GRED, Université Paul-Valéry - Saint Charles, Route de Mende, 34199, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | - Stéphanie M Carrière
- IRD, UMR-220 GRED, Université Paul-Valéry - Saint Charles, Route de Mende, 34199, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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Gérard A, Ganzhorn JU, Kull CA, Carrière SM. Possible roles of introduced plants for native vertebrate conservation: the case of Madagascar. Restor Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gérard
- Unité Mixte de Recherche-220, GRED (Gouvernance Risque Environnement Développement); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Université Paul Valery; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
- Biocenter Grindel; Martin-Luther-King Platz 3 20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Jörg U. Ganzhorn
- Biocenter Grindel; Martin-Luther-King Platz 3 20146 Hamburg Germany
| | - Christian A. Kull
- Institut de géographie et durabilité; Université de Lausanne; Lausanne Switzerland
- Center for Geography and Environmental Science; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
| | - Stéphanie M. Carrière
- Unité Mixte de Recherche-220, GRED (Gouvernance Risque Environnement Développement); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Université Paul Valery; 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
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Rives F, Carrière SM, Montagne P, Aubert S, Sibelet N. Forest management devolution: gap between technicians' design and villagers' practices in Madagascar. Environ Manage 2013; 52:877-893. [PMID: 23974902 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-013-0138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the 1980s, tropical forest-management principles underwent a shift toward approaches giving greater responsibilities to rural people. One argument for such a shift were the long-term relations established between rural people and their natural resources. In Madagascar, a new law was drawn up in 1996 (Gelose law), which sought to integrate rural people into forest management. A gap was observed between the changes foreseen by the projects implementing the Gelose law and the actual changes. In this article, we use the concept of the social-ecological system (SES) to analyze that gap. The differences existing between the planned changes set by the Gelose contract in the village of Ambatoloaka (northwest of Madagascar) and the practices observed in 2010 were conceptualized as a gap between two SESs. The first SES is the targeted one (i.e., a virtual one); it corresponds to the designed Gelose contract. The second SES is the observed one. It is characterized by the heterogeneity of forest users and uses, which have several impacts on forest management, and by very dynamic social and ecological systems. The observed SES has been reshaped contingent on the constraints and opportunities offered by the Gelose contract as well as on other ecological and social components. The consequences and opportunities that such an SES reshaping would offer to improve the implementation of the Gelose law are discussed. The main reasons explaining the gap between the two SESs are as follows: (1) the clash between static and homogeneous perceptions in the targeted SES and the dynamics and heterogeneity that characterize the observed SES; and (2) the focus on one specific use of forest ecosystems (i.e., charcoal-making) in the targeted SES. Forest management in the observed SES depends on several uses of forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Rives
- CIRAD, UR GREEN, TA C-47/F Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier, France,
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Carrière SM, Rodary E, Méral P, Serpantié G, Boisvert V, Kull CA, Lestrelin G, Lhoutellier L, Moizo B, Smektala G, Vandevelde JC. Rio+20, biodiversity marginalized. Conserv Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-263x.2012.00291.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Randriamalala R, Serpantié G, Carrière SM. Influence des pratiques cuturales et du milieu sur la diversité des jachères d’origine forestière (Hautes-Terres, Madagascar). revec 2007. [DOI: 10.3406/revec.2007.1358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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