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Ranieri R, Candeliere F, Sola L, Leonardi A, Rossi M, Amaretti A, Raimondi S. Production of arabitol from glycerol by immobilized cells of Wickerhamomyces anomalus WC 1501. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1375937. [PMID: 38659644 PMCID: PMC11039890 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1375937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyalcohols such as arabitol are among the main targets of biorefineries aiming to upcycle wastes and cheap substrates. In previous works Wickerhamomyces anomalus WC 1501 emerged as an excellent arabitol producer utilizing glycerol. Arabitol production by this strain is not growth associated, therefore, in this study, pre-grown cells were entrapped in calcium alginate beads (AB) and utilized for glycerol transformation to arabitol. Flasks experiments aimed to assess the medium composition (i.e., the concentration of inorganic and organic nitrogen sources and phosphates) and to establish the appropriate carrier-to-medium proportion. In flasks, under the best conditions of ammonium limitation and the carrier:medium ratio of 1:3 (w/v), 82.7 g/L glycerol were consumed in 168 h, yielding 31.2 g/L arabitol, with a conversion of 38% and volumetric productivity of 186 mg/mL/h. The process with immobilized cells was transferred to laboratory scale bioreactors with different configurations: stirred tank (STR), packed bed (PBR), fluidized bed (FBR), and airlift (ALR) bioreactors. The STR experienced oxygen limitation due to the need to maintain low stirring to preserve AB integrity and performed worse than flasks. Limitations in diffusion and mass transfer of oxygen and/or nutrients characterized also the PBR and the FBR and were partially relieved only in ALR, where 89.4 g/L glycerol were consumed in 168 h, yielding 38.1 g/L arabitol, with a conversion of 42% and volumetric productivity of 227 mg/mL/h. When the ALR was supplied with successive pulses of concentrated glycerol to replenish the glycerol as it was being consumed, 117 g/L arabitol were generated in 500 h, consuming a total of 285 g/L glycerol, with a 41% and 234 mg/L/h. The study strongly supports the potential of W. anomalus WC 1501 for efficient glycerol-to-arabitol conversion using immobilized cells. While the yeast shows promise by remaining viable and active for extended periods, further optimization is required, especially regarding mixing and oxygenation. Improving the stability of the immobilization process is also crucial for reusing pre-grown cells in multiple cycles, reducing dead times, biomass production costs, and enhancing the economic feasibility of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Ranieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Sola
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alan Leonardi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Candeliere F, Musmeci E, Sola L, Amaretti A, Raimondi S, Rossi M. Genomic and functional analysis of the mucinolytic species Clostridium celatum, Clostridium tertium, and Paraclostridium bifermentans. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1359726. [PMID: 38511005 PMCID: PMC10952124 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1359726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucins are large glycoproteins whose degradation requires the expression of several glycosil hydrolases to catalyze the cleavage of the oligosaccharide chains and release monosaccharides that can be assimilated. In this study, we present a characterization on the strains Clostridium celatum WC0700, Clostridium tertium WC0709, and Paraclostridium bifermentans WC0705. These three strains were previously isolated from enrichment cultures on mucin of fecal samples from healthy subjects and can use mucin as sole carbon and nitrogen source. Genome analysis and in vitro functional analysis of these strains elucidated their physiological and biochemical features. C. celatum WC0700 harbored the highest number of glycosyl hydrolases specific for mucin degradation, while P. bifermentans WC0705 had the least. These predicted differences were confirmed growing the strains on 5 mucin-decorating monosaccharides (L-fucose, N-Acetylneuraminic acid, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, and N-acetylglucosamine) as only source of carbon. Fermenting mucin, they all produced formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, isovaleric, and lactic acids, and ethanol; acetic acid was the main primary metabolite. Further catabolic capabilities were investigated, as well as antibiotic susceptibility, biofilm formation, tolerance to oxygen and temperature. The potential pathogenicity of the strains was evaluated through in silico research of virulence factors. The merge between comparative and functional genomics and biochemical/physiological characterization provided a comprehensive view of these mucin degraders, reassuring on the safety of these species and leaving ample scope for deeper investigations on the relationship with the host and for assessing if some relevant health-promoting effect could be ascribed to these SCFA producing species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Eliana Musmeci
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Material Engineering (DICAM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Sola
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Candeliere F, Sola L, Raimondi S, Rossi M, Amaretti A. Good and bad dispositions between archaea and bacteria in the human gut: New insights from metagenomic survey and co-occurrence analysis. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2024; 9:88-98. [PMID: 38292760 PMCID: PMC10824687 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Archaea are an understudied component of the human microbiome. In this study, the gut archaeome and bacteriome of 60 healthy adults from different region were analyzed by whole-genome shotgun sequencing. Archaea were ubiquitously found in a wide range of abundances, reaching up to 7.2 %. The dominant archaeal phylum was Methanobacteriota, specifically the family Methanobacteriaceae, encompassing more than 50 % of Archaea in 50 samples. The previously underestimated Thermoplasmatota, mostly composed of Methanomassiliicoccaceae, dominated in 10 subjects (>50 %) and was present in all others except one. Halobacteriota, the sole other archaeal phylum, occurred in negligible concentration, except for two samples (4.6-4.8 %). This finding confirmed that the human gut archaeome is primarily composed of methanogenic organisms and among the known methanogenic pathway: i) hydrogenotrophic reduction of CO2 is the predominant, being the genus Methanobrevibacter and the species Methanobrevibacter smithii the most abundant in the majority of the samples; ii) the second pathway, that involved Methanomassiliicoccales, was the hydrogenotrophic reduction of methyl-compounds; iii) dismutation of acetate or methyl-compounds seemed to be absent. Co-occurrence analysis allowed to unravel correlations between Archaea and Bacteria that shapes the overall structure of the microbial community, allowing to depict a clearer picture of the human gut archaeome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Sola
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Ranieri R, Candeliere F, Moreno-García J, Mauricio JC, Rossi M, Raimondi S, Amaretti A. Fermentative processes for the upcycling of xylose to xylitol by immobilized cells of Pichia fermentans WC1507. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1339093. [PMID: 38303913 PMCID: PMC10830724 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1339093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Xylitol is a pentose-polyol widely applied in the food and pharmaceutical industry. It can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass, valorizing second-generation feedstocks. Biotechnological production of xylitol requires scalable solutions suitable for industrial scale processes. Immobilized-cells systems offer numerous advantages. Although fungal pellet carriers have gained attention, their application in xylitol production remains unexplored. In this study, the yeast strain P. fermentans WC 1507 was employed for xylitol production. The optimal conditions were observed with free-cell cultures at pH above 3.5, low oxygenation, and medium containing (NH4)2SO4 and yeast extract as nitrogen sources (xylitol titer 79.4 g/L, YP/S 66.3%, and volumetric productivity 1.3 g/L/h). Yeast cells were immobilized using inactive Aspergillus oryzae pellet mycelial carrier (MC) and alginate beads (AB) and were tested in flasks over three consecutive production runs. Additionally, the effect of a 0.2% w/v alginate layer, coating the outer surface of the carriers (cMC and cAB, respectively), was examined. While YP/S values observed with both immobilized and free cells were similar, the immobilized cells exhibited lower final xylitol titer and volumetric productivity, likely due to mass transfer limitations. AB and cAB outperformed MC and cMC. The uncoated AB carriers were tested in a laboratory-scale airlift bioreactor, which demonstrated a progressive increase in xylitol production in a repeated batch process: in the third run, a xylitol titer of 63.0 g/L, YP/S of 61.5%, and volumetric productivity of 0.52 g/L/h were achieved. This study confirmed P. fermentans WC 1507 as a promising strain for xylitol production in both free- and entrapped-cells systems. Considering the performance of the wild strain, a metabolic engineering intervention aiming at further improving the efficiency of xylitol production could be justified. MC and AB proved to be viable supports for cell immobilization, but additional process development is necessary to identify the optimal bioreactor configuration and fermentation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Ranieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jaime Moreno-García
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Edaphology and Microbiology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Mauricio
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Edaphology and Microbiology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Nasuti C, Ruffini J, Sola L, Di Bacco M, Raimondi S, Candeliere F, Solieri L. Sour Beer as Bioreservoir of Novel Craft Ale Yeast Cultures. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2138. [PMID: 37763982 PMCID: PMC10537276 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand for craft beer is driving the search for novel ale yeast cultures from brewing-related wild environments. The focus of bioprospecting for craft cultures is to identify feral yeasts suitable to imprint unique sensorial attributes onto the final product. Here, we integrated phylogenetic, genotypic, genetic, and metabolomic techniques to demonstrate that sour beer during aging in wooden barrels is a source of suitable craft ale yeast candidates. In contrast to the traditional lambic beer maturation phase, during the aging of sour-matured production-style beer, different biotypes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae dominated the cultivable in-house mycobiota, which were followed by Pichia membranifaciens, Brettanomyces bruxellensis, and Brettanomyces anomalus. In addition, three putative S. cerevisiae × Saccharomyces uvarum hybrids were identified. S. cerevisiae feral strains sporulated, produced viable monosporic progenies, and had the STA1 gene downstream as a full-length promoter. During hopped wort fermentation, four S. cerevisiae strains and the S. cerevisiae × S. uvarum hybrid WY213 exceeded non-Saccharomyces strains in fermentative rate and ethanol production except for P. membranifaciens WY122. This strain consumed maltose after a long lag phase, in contrast to the phenotypic profile described for the species. According to the STA1+ genotype, S. cerevisiae partially consumed dextrin. Among the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by S. cerevisiae and the S. cerevisiae × S. uvarum hybrid, phenylethyl alcohol, which has a fruit-like aroma, was the most prevalent. In conclusion, the strains characterized here have relevant brewing properties and are exploitable as indigenous craft beer starters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Nasuti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola, 2-Pad. Besta, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (C.N.); (J.R.)
| | - Jennifer Ruffini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola, 2-Pad. Besta, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (C.N.); (J.R.)
| | - Laura Sola
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 51, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.S.); (S.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Mario Di Bacco
- Ca’ Del Brado Brewery, Via Andrea Costa, 146/2, 40065 Rastignano, Italy;
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 51, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.S.); (S.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 51, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.S.); (S.R.); (F.C.)
| | - Lisa Solieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola, 2-Pad. Besta, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (C.N.); (J.R.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
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Candeliere F, Musmeci E, Amaretti A, Sola L, Raimondi S, Rossi M. Profiling of the intestinal community of Clostridia: taxonomy and evolutionary analysis. Microbiome Res Rep 2023; 2:13. [PMID: 38047279 PMCID: PMC10688793 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2022.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Aim: Clostridia are relevant commensals of the human gut due to their major presence and correlations to the host. In this study, we investigated intestinal Clostridia of 51 healthy subjects and reconstructed their taxonomy and phylogeny. The relatively small number of intestinal Clostridia allowed a systematic whole genome approach based on average amino acid identity (AAI) and core genome with the aim of revising the current classification into genera and determining evolutionary relationships. Methods: 51 healthy subjects' metagenomes were retrieved from public databases. After the dataset's validation through comparison with Human Microbiome Project (HMP) samples, the metagenomes were profiled using MetaPhlAn3 to identify the population ascribed to the class Clostridia. Intestinal Clostridia genomes were retrieved and subjected to AAI analysis and core genome identification. Phylogeny investigation was conducted with RAxML and Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) algorithms, and SplitsTree for split decomposition. Results: 225 out of 406 bacterial taxonomic units were ascribed to Bacillota [Firmicutes], among which 124 were assigned to the class Clostridia. 77 out of the 124 taxonomic units were referred to a species, altogether covering 87.7% of Clostridia abundance. According to the lowest AAI genus boundary set at 55%, 15 putative genera encompassing more than one species (G1 to G15) were identified, while 19 species did not cluster with any other one and each appeared to belong to a diverse genus. Phylogenetic investigations highlighted that most of the species clustered into three main evolutive clades. Conclusion: This study shed light on the species of Clostridia colonizing the gut of healthy adults and pinpointed several gaps in knowledge regarding the taxonomy and the phylogeny of Clostridia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Eliana Musmeci
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Material Engineering (DICAM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
- Biogest Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia 42124, Italy
| | - Laura Sola
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
- Biogest Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia 42124, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
- Biogest Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia 42124, Italy
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Vincini M, Marvaso G, Isaksson L, Zaffaroni M, Pepa M, Corrao G, Summers P, Repetto M, Mazzola G, Rotondi M, Raimondi S, Gandini S, Volpe S, Haron Z, Alessi S, Pricolo P, Mistretta F, Luzzago S, Cattani F, Musi G, De Cobelli O, Cremonesi M, La Torre D, Petralia G, Jereczek-Fossa B. Added value of MRI radiomics to predict pathological status of prostate cancer patients. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01276-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Isaksson LJ, Repetto M, Summers PE, Pepa M, Zaffaroni M, Vincini MG, Corrao G, Mazzola G, Rotondi M, Bellerba F, Raimondi S, Haron Z, Alessi S, Pricolo P, Mistretta F, Luzzago S, Cattani F, Musi G, De Cobelli O, Cremonesi M, Orecchia R, Torre DL, Marvaso G, Petralia G, Jereczek-Fossa BA. High-performance prediction models for prostate cancer radiomics. Informatics in Medicine Unlocked 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2023.101161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Raimondi S, Foca G, Ulrici A, Destro L, Leonardi A, Buzzi R, Candeliere F, Rossi M, Amaretti A. Improved fed-batch processes with Wickerhamomyces anomalus WC 1501 for the production of D-arabitol from pure glycerol. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:179. [PMID: 36058916 PMCID: PMC9442996 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01898-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND D-Arabitol, a five-carbon sugar alcohol, represents a main target of microbial biorefineries aiming to valorize cheap substrates. The yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus WC 1501 is known to produce arabitol in a glycerol-based nitrogen-limited medium and preliminary fed-batch processes with this yeast were reported to yield 18.0 g/L arabitol. RESULTS Fed-batch fermentations with W. anomalus WC 1501 were optimized using central composite design (CCD). Dissolved oxygen had not a significant effect, while optimum values were found for glycerol concentration (114.5 g/L), pH (5.9), and temperature (32.5 °C), yielding 29 g/L D-arabitol in 160 h, a conversion yield of 0.25 g of arabitol per g of consumed glycerol, and a volumetric productivity of 0.18 g/L/h. CCD optimal conditions were the basis for further improvement, consisting in increasing the cellular density (3✕), applying a constant feeding of glycerol, and increasing temperature during production. The best performing fed-batch fermentations achieved 265 g/L D-arabitol after 325 h, a conversion yield of 0.74 g/g, and a volumetric productivity of 0.82 g/L/h. CONCLUSION W. anomalus WC 1501 confirmed as an excellent producer of D-arabitol, exhibiting a remarkable capability of transforming pure glycerol. The study reports among the highest values ever reported for microbial transformation of glycerol into D-arabitol, in terms of arabitol titer, conversion yield, and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42124, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Foca
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42124, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ulrici
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42124, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lorenza Destro
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Alan Leonardi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Raissa Buzzi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42124, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125, Modena, Italy. .,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42124, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Raimondi S, Candeliere F, Amaretti A, Costa S, Vertuani S, Spampinato G, Rossi M. Phylogenomic analysis of the genus Leuconostoc. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:897656. [PMID: 35958134 PMCID: PMC9358442 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.897656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leuconostoc is a genus of saccharolytic heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria that inhabit plant-derived matrices and a variety of fermented foods (dairy products, dough, milk, vegetables, and meats), contributing to desired fermentation processes or playing a role in food spoilage. At present, the genus encompasses 17 recognized species. In total, 216 deposited genome sequences of Leuconostoc were analyzed, to check the delineation of species and to infer their evolutive genealogy utilizing a minimum evolution tree of Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) and the core genome alignment. Phylogenomic relationships were compared to those obtained from the analysis of 16S rRNA, pheS, and rpoA genes. All the phylograms were subjected to split decomposition analysis and their topologies were compared to check the ambiguities in the inferred phylogenesis. The minimum evolution ANI tree exhibited the most similar topology with the core genome tree, while single gene trees were less adherent and provided a weaker phylogenetic signal. In particular, the 16S rRNA gene failed to resolve several bifurcations and Leuconostoc species. Based on an ANI threshold of 95%, the organization of the genus Leuconostoc could be amended, redefining the boundaries of the species L. inhae, L. falkenbergense, L. gelidum, L. lactis, L. mesenteroides, and L. pseudomesenteroides. Two strains currently recognized as L. mesenteroides were split into a separate lineage representing a putative species (G16), phylogenetically related to both L. mesenteroides (G18) and L. suionicum (G17). Differences among the four subspecies of L. mesenteroides were not pinpointed by ANI or by the conserved genes. The strains of L. pseudomesenteroides were ascribed to two putative species, G13 and G14, the former including also all the strains presently belonging to L. falkenbergense. L. lactis was split into two phylogenetically related lineages, G9 and G10, putatively corresponding to separate species and both including subgroups that may correspond to subspecies. The species L. gelidum and L. gasicomitatum were closely related but separated into different species, the latter including also L. inhae strains. These results, integrating information of ANI, core genome, and housekeeping genes, complemented the taxonomic delineation with solid information on the phylogenetic lineages evolved within the genus Leuconostoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefania Costa
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences—DOCPAS, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gloria Spampinato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maddalena Rossi
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11
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Carloni G, Marvaso G, Garibaldi C, Zaffaroni M, Volpe S, Pepa M, Raimondi S, Lo Presti G, Positano V, Orecchia R, Jereczek-Fossa B. PO-1783 Leverage radiomic and clinical data in predicting SRS treatment outcomes in patients with brain mets. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03747-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Volpe S, Isaksson L, Pepa M, Zaffaroni M, Raimondi S, Lo Presti G, Garibaldi C, Rampinelli C, Marvaso G, Gandini S, Cremonesi M, Jereczek-Fossa B. PO-1765 Pre-processing and feature/volume correlation in CT radiomics in non-small cell lung cancer. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03729-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Spampinato G, Candeliere F, Amaretti A, Licciardello F, Rossi M, Raimondi S. Microbiota Survey of Sliced Cooked Ham During the Secondary Shelf Life. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:842390. [PMID: 35350621 PMCID: PMC8957903 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.842390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sliced cooked ham packaged in a modified atmosphere is a popular ready-to-eat product, subjected to abundant microbial contamination throughout its shelf life that can lead to deterioration of both sensorial properties and safety. In this study, the microbial load and the chemical–physical features of cooked ham of five producers were monitored for a period of 12 days after the opening of the packages (i.e., the secondary shelf life), during which the products were stored in a domestic refrigerator at 5.2 ± 0.6°C. The sensorial properties presented a perceivable decay after 8 days and became unacceptable after 12 days. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis and solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography profiling of volatile metabolites indicated that lactic acid, ethanol, acetic acid, acetoin, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and 2-3 butanediol were the main metabolites that characterized the evolution of the analyzed cooked ham. The microbiota was monitored by 16S ribosomal RNA gene profiling and culture-dependent techniques. Already at the opening of packages, all the products presented high microbial load, generally dominated by lactic acid bacteria, with evident differences among the products. The increase of lactic acid bacteria somehow protected samples from abundant contamination by other bacteria, concurring with the evolution of more safe products. This role was exerted by numerous Latilactobacillus, Leuconostoc, and Carnobacterium species, among which the most frequently detected were Latilactobacillus sakei, Latilactobacillus sakei carnosum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and Carnobacterium divergens. Some products presented more complex communities that encompassed Proteobacteria such as Moellerella wisconsensis, Proteus hauseri, Brochothrix thermosphacta, and less frequently Pseudomonas, Erwinia, and Massilia. Opportunistic pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Vibrio sp. were found in small quantities. The yeasts Kazachstania servazzii and Debaryomyces hansenii occurred already at 0 days, whereas various species of Candida (Candida zeylanoides, Candida sake, Candida norvegica, and Candida glaebosa) were abundant only after 12 days. These results indicated that the microbiological contaminants overgrowing during the secondary shelf life did not derive from environmental cross-contamination at the opening of the tray but were already present when the packages were opened, highlighting the phases of production up to the packaging as those crucial in managing the safety risk associated to this product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Spampinato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Licciardello
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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14
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Candeliere F, Raimondi S, Ranieri R, Musmeci E, Zambon A, Amaretti A, Rossi M. β-Glucuronidase Pattern Predicted From Gut Metagenomes Indicates Potentially Diversified Pharmacomicrobiomics. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:826994. [PMID: 35308380 PMCID: PMC8928169 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.826994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
β-glucuronidases (GUS) of intestinal bacteria remove glucuronic acid from glucoronides, reversing phase II metabolism of the liver and affecting the level of active deconjugated metabolites deriving from drugs or xenobiotics. Two hundred seventy-nine non-redundant GUS sequences are known in the gut microbiota, classified in seven structural categories (NL, L1, L2, mL1, mL2, mL1,2, and NC) with different biocatalytic properties. In the present study, the intestinal metagenome of 60 healthy subjects from five geographically different cohorts was assembled, binned, and mined to determine qualitative and quantitative differences in GUS profile, potentially affecting response to drugs and xenobiotics. Each metagenome harbored 4–70 different GUS, altogether accounting for 218. The amount of intestinal bacteria with at least one GUS gene was highly variable, from 0.7 to 82.2%, 25.7% on average. No significant difference among cohorts could be identified, except for the Ethiopia (ETH) cohort where GUS-encoding bacteria were significantly less abundant. The structural categories were differently distributed among the metagenomes, but without any statistical significance related to the cohorts. GUS profiles were generally dominated by the category NL, followed by mL1, L2, and L1. The GUS categories most involved in the hydrolysis of small molecules, including drugs, are L1 and mL1. Bacteria contributing to these categories belonged to Bacteroides ovatus, Bacteroides dorei, Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli, Eubacterium eligens, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Parabacteroides merdae, and Ruminococcus gnavus. Bacteria harboring L1 GUS were generally scarcely abundant (<1.3%), except in three metagenomes, where they reached up to 24.3% for the contribution of E. coli and F. prausnitzii. Bacteria harboring mL1 GUS were significantly more abundant (mean = 4.6%), with Bacteroides representing a major contributor. Albeit mL1 enzymes are less active than L1 ones, Bacteroides likely plays a pivotal role in the deglucuronidation, due to its remarkable abundance in the microbiomes. The observed broad interindividual heterogeneity of GUS profiles, particularly of the L1 and mL1 categories, likely represent a major driver of pharmacomicrobiomics variability, affecting drug response and toxicity. Different geographical origins, genetic, nutritional, and lifestyle features of the hosts seemed not to be relevant in the definition of glucuronidase activity, albeit they influenced the richness of the GUS profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Raffaella Ranieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Eliana Musmeci
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alfonso Zambon
- Department of Chemistry and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maddalena Rossi,
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15
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Rinaldi L, De Angelis S, Raimondi S, Origgi D, Rizzo S, Fanciullo C, Rampinelli C, Mariani M, Lascialfari A, Bellomi M, Cremonesi M, Botta F. Reproducibility of radiomic features in CT images of NSCLC patients. Phys Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)00243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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16
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Raimondi S, Candeliere F, Amaretti A, Foschi C, Morselli S, Gaspari V, Rossi M, Marangoni A. Vaginal and Anal Microbiome during Chlamydia trachomatis Infections. Pathogens 2021; 10:1347. [PMID: 34684295 PMCID: PMC8539191 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10101347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background.Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the agent of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide, with a significant impact on women's health. Despite the increasing number of studies about the vaginal microbiome in women with CT infections, information about the composition of the anal microbiome is still lacking. Here, we assessed the bacterial community profiles of vaginal and anal ecosystems associated or not with CT infection in a cohort of Caucasian young women. Methods. A total of 26 women, including 10 with a contemporary vaginal and ano-rectal CT infection, were enrolled. Composition of vaginal and anal microbiome was studied by 16S rRNA gene profiling. Co-occurrence networks of bacterial communities and metagenome metabolic functions were determined. Results. In case of CT infection, both vaginal and anal environments were characterized by a degree of dysbiosis. Indeed, the vaginal microbiome of CT-positive women were depleted in lactobacilli, with a significant increase in dysbiosis-associated bacteria (e.g., Sneathia, Parvimonas, Megasphaera), whereas the anal microbiota of CT-infected women was characterized by higher levels of Parvimonas and Pseudomonas and lower levels of Escherichia. Interestingly, the microbiome of anus and vagina had numerous bacterial taxa in common, reflecting a significant microbial 'sharing' between the two sites. In the vaginal environment, CT positively correlated with Ezakiella spp. while Gardnerella vaginalis co-occurred with several dysbiosis-related microbes, regardless of CT vaginal infection. The vaginal microbiome of CT-positive females exhibited a higher involvement of chorismate and aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, as well as an increase in mixed acid fermentation. Conclusions. These data could be useful to set up new diagnostic/prognostic tools, offering new perspectives for the control of chlamydial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy; (S.R.); (F.C.); (A.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy; (S.R.); (F.C.); (A.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy; (S.R.); (F.C.); (A.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Claudio Foschi
- Microbiology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (S.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Sara Morselli
- Microbiology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (S.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Valeria Gaspari
- Dermatology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), St. Orsola Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy; (S.R.); (F.C.); (A.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Antonella Marangoni
- Microbiology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (S.M.); (A.M.)
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17
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Pellegrini C, Raimondi S, Di Nardo L, Ghiorzo P, Menin C, Manganoni MA, Palmieri G, Guida G, Quaglino P, Stanganelli I, Massi D, Pastorino L, Elefanti L, Tosti G, Queirolo P, Leva A, Maurichi A, Rodolfo M, Fargnoli MC. Melanoma in children and adolescents: analysis of susceptibility genes in 123 Italian patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:213-221. [PMID: 34664323 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A polygenic inheritance involving high, medium and low penetrance genes has been suggested for melanoma susceptibility in adults, but genetic information is scarce for paediatric patients. OBJECTIVE We aim to analyse the major high and intermediate melanoma risk genes, CDKN2A, CDK4, POT1, MITF and MC1R, in a large multicentre cohort of Italian children and adolescents in order to explore the genetic context of paediatric melanoma and to reveal potential differences in heritability between children and adolescents. METHODS One-hundred-twenty-three patients (<21 years) from nine Italian centres were analysed for the CDKN2A, CDK4, POT1, MITF, and MC1R melanoma predisposing genes. The rate of gene variants was compared between sporadic, familial and multiple melanoma patients and between children and adolescents, and their association with clinico-pathological characteristics was evaluated. RESULTS Most patients carried MC1R variants (67%), while CDKN2A pathogenic variants were found in 9% of the cases, the MITF E318K in 2% of patients and none carried CDK4 or the POT1 S270N pathogenic variant. Sporadic melanoma patients significantly differed from familial and multiple cases for the young age at diagnosis, infrequent red hair colour, low number of nevi, low frequency of CDKN2A pathogenic variants and of the MC1R R160W variant. Melanoma in children (≤12 years) had more frequently spitzoid histotype, were located on the head/neck and upper limbs and had higher Breslow thickness. The MC1R V92M variant was more common in children than in adolescents. CDKN2A common polymorphisms and MC1R variants were associated with a high number of nevi. CONCLUSION Our results confirm the scarce involvement of the major high-risk susceptibility genes in paediatric melanoma and suggest the implication of MC1R gene variants especially in the children population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pellegrini
- Dermatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - S Raimondi
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - L Di Nardo
- Dermatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Dermatology, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Italy
| | - P Ghiorzo
- Genetics of Rare Cancers, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, and Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - C Menin
- Immunology and Diagnostic Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - M A Manganoni
- Department of Dermatology, Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - G Palmieri
- Unit of Cancer Genetics, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, Sassari, Italy
| | - G Guida
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'A. Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - P Quaglino
- Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - I Stanganelli
- Skin Cancer Unit, IRCCS-IRST Scientific Institute of Romagna for the Study and Treatment of Cancer, Meldola and University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - D Massi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - L Pastorino
- Genetics of Rare Cancers, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, and Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - L Elefanti
- Immunology and Diagnostic Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - G Tosti
- Division of Melanoma, Sarcoma and Rare Cancer, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - P Queirolo
- Division of Melanoma, Sarcoma and Rare Cancer, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - A Leva
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Unit, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - A Maurichi
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Unit, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - M Rodolfo
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - M C Fargnoli
- Dermatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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18
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Raimondi S, Calvini R, Candeliere F, Leonardi A, Ulrici A, Rossi M, Amaretti A. Multivariate Analysis in Microbiome Description: Correlation of Human Gut Protein Degraders, Metabolites, and Predicted Metabolic Functions. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:723479. [PMID: 34603248 PMCID: PMC8484906 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.723479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein catabolism by intestinal bacteria is infamous for releasing many harmful compounds, negatively affecting the health status, both locally and systemically. In a previous study, we enriched in protein degraders the fecal microbiota of five subjects, utilizing a medium containing protein and peptides as sole fermentable substrates and we monitored their evolution by 16S rRNA gene profiling. In the present study, we fused the microbiome data and the data obtained by the analysis of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the headspace of the cultures. Then, we utilized ANOVA simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) to establish a relationship between metabolites and bacteria. In particular, ASCA allowed to separately assess the effect of subject, time, inoculum concentration, and their binary interactions on both microbiome and volatilome data. All the ASCA submodels pointed out a consistent association between indole and Escherichia–Shigella, and the relationship of butyric, 3-methyl butanoic, and benzenepropanoic acids with some bacterial taxa that were major determinants of cultures at 6 h, such as Lachnoclostridiaceae (Lachnoclostridium), Clostridiaceae (Clostridium sensu stricto), and Sutterellaceae (Sutterella and Parasutterella). The metagenome reconstruction with PICRUSt2 and its functional annotation indicated that enrichment in a protein-based medium affected the richness and diversity of functional profiles, in the face of a decrease of richness and evenness of the microbial community. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size indicated a positive differential abundance (p < 0.05) for the modules of amino acid catabolism that may be at the basis of the changes of VOC profile. In particular, predicted genes encoding functions belonging to the superpathways of ornithine, arginine, and putrescine transformation to GABA and eventually to succinyl-CoA, of methionine degradation, and various routes of breakdown of aromatic compounds yielding succinyl-CoA or acetyl-CoA became significantly more abundant in the metagenome of the bacterial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Rosalba Calvini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alan Leonardi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ulrici
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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19
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Raimondi S, Spampinato G, Candeliere F, Amaretti A, Brun P, Castagliuolo I, Rossi M. Phenotypic Traits and Immunomodulatory Properties of Leuconostoc carnosum Isolated From Meat Products. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:730827. [PMID: 34512608 PMCID: PMC8425591 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.730827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Twelve strains of Leuconostoc carnosum from meat products were investigated in terms of biochemical, physiological, and functional properties. The spectrum of sugars fermented by L. carnosum strains was limited to few mono- and disaccharides, consistently with the natural habitats of the species, including meat and fermented vegetables. The strains were able to grow from 4 to 37°C with an optimum of approximately 32.5°C. The ability to grow at temperatures compatible with refrigeration and in presence of up to 60 g/L NaCl explains the high loads of L. carnosum frequently described in many meat-based products. Six strains produced exopolysaccharides, causing a ropy phenotype of colonies, according to the potential involvement on L. carnosum in the appearance of slime in packed meat products. On the other side, the study provides evidence of a potential protective role of L. carnosum WC0321 and L. carnosum WC0323 against Listeria monocytogenes, consistently with the presence in these strains of the genes encoding leucocin B. Some meat-based products intended to be consumed without cooking may harbor up to 108 CFU/g of L. carnosum; therefore, we investigated the potential impact of this load on health. No strains survived the treatment with simulated gastric juice. Three selected strains were challenged for the capability to colonize a mouse model and their immunomodulatory properties were investigated. The strains did not colonize the intestine of mice during 10 days of daily dietary administration. Intriguingly, despite the loss of viability during the gastrointestinal transit, the strains exhibited different immunomodulatory effect on the maturation of dendritic cells in vivo, the extent of which correlated to the production of exopolysaccharides. The ability to stimulate the mucosal associated immune system in such probiotic-like manner, the general absence of antibiotic resistance genes, and the lack of the biosynthetic pathways for biogenic amines should reassure on the safety of this species, with potential for exploitation of selected starters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gloria Spampinato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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20
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Raimondi S, Zambon A, Ranieri R, Fraulini F, Amaretti A, Rossi M, Lusvardi G. Investigation on the antimicrobial properties of cerium-doped bioactive glasses. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 110:504-508. [PMID: 34346141 PMCID: PMC9291033 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Cerium‐doped bioactive glasses (Ce‐BGs) are implant materials that present high biocompatibility, modulate the levels of reactive oxygen species, and exert antimicrobial activity. The potential of BGs, 45S5, and K50S derived glasses doped with CeO2 (1.2, 3.6, and 5.3 mol%) to inhibit the growth of pathogen microbes was thoroughly investigated according to the ISO 22196:2011 method properly adapted. A significant reduction of the E. coli charge was detected in all glasses, including the BGs without cerium. The evolution of pH of the medium not inoculated following the immersion of the Ce‐BGs was monitored. The presence of cerium did not affect markedly the pH trend, which increased rapidly for both compositions. The change of pH was strongly mitigated by the presence of 200 mM phosphate buffer pH 7.0 (PB) in the medium. In media buffered by PB, the growth of E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and C. albicans was not affected by the presence of BGs doped or not with cerium, suggesting that the antibacterial activity of Ce‐BGs is linked to the increase of environmental pH rather than to specific ion effects. However, Ce‐BGs resulted promising biomaterials that associate low toxicity to normal cells to a considerable antimicrobial effect, albeit the latter is not directly associated with the presence of cerium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alfonso Zambon
- Department of Chemistry and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Raffaella Ranieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Fraulini
- Department of Chemistry and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Gigliola Lusvardi
- Department of Chemistry and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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21
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Morcia C, Tumino G, Raimondi S, Schneider A, Terzi V. Muscat Flavor in Grapevine: A Digital PCR Assay to Track Allelic Variation in VvDXS Gene. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050747. [PMID: 34065649 PMCID: PMC8156067 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aroma of grapes and derived wines has long been one of the major traits considered in the selection of grapevine varieties through the centuries. In particular, Muscat aromatic grapes have been highly appreciated and widespread since ancient times. Monoterpenes are the key compounds responsible for the Muscat flavor. A major QTL affecting monoterpene level has been found to co-localize with the 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (VvDXS) gene, encoding for the 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase enzyme involved in the plastidial pathway of terpene biosynthesis. In more detail, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP 1822) in the coding region of the gene causes a "gain of function" mutation, which is involved in Muscat flavor. In this work, we have developed a digital PCR-based assay to target allelic variations in the VvDXS gene, SNP1822, with the aim to propose a fast and sensitive analytical tool for targeting Muscat-flavored grapevine genotypes. The assay accurately predicts the genetic structure at 1822 SNP, critical for the development of the aroma in the great majority of Muscats. In the case of grapes in which the aromatic component is due to mutations other than SNP 1822 (e.g., Chasselas Musqué and Chardonnay Muscat), further specific assays can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Morcia
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Via San Protaso 302, 29017 Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Tumino
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy; (S.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Schneider
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy; (S.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Valeria Terzi
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Via San Protaso 302, 29017 Fiorenzuola d’Arda, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0523-983758
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22
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Costantini L, Moreno-Sanz P, Nwafor CC, Lorenzi S, Marrano A, Cristofolini F, Gottardini E, Raimondi S, Ruffa P, Gribaudo I, Schneider A, Grando MS. Somatic variants for seed and fruit set in grapevine. BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:135. [PMID: 33711928 PMCID: PMC7955655 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02865-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grapevine reproductive development has direct implications on yield. It also impacts on berry and wine quality by affecting traits like seedlessness, berry and bunch size, cluster compactness and berry skin to pulp ratio. Seasonal fluctuations in yield, fruit composition and wine attributes, which are largely driven by climatic factors, are major challenges for worldwide table grape and wine industry. Accordingly, a better understanding of reproductive processes such as gamete development, fertilization, seed and fruit set is of paramount relevance for managing yield and quality. With the aim of providing new insights into this field, we searched for clones with contrasting seed content in two germplasm collections. RESULTS We identified eight variant pairs that seemingly differ only in seed-related characteristics while showing identical genotype when tested with the GrapeReSeq_Illumina_20K_SNP_chip and several microsatellites. We performed multi-year observations on seed and fruit set deriving from different pollination treatments, with special emphasis on the pair composed by Sangiovese and its seedless variant locally named Corinto Nero. The pollen of Corinto Nero failed to germinate in vitro and gave poor berry set when used to pollinate other varieties. Most berries from both open- and cross-pollinated Corinto Nero inflorescences did not contain seeds. The genetic analysis of seedlings derived from occasional Corinto Nero normal seeds revealed that the few Corinto Nero functional gametes are mostly unreduced. Moreover, three genotypes, including Sangiovese and Corinto Nero, were unexpectedly found to develop fruits without pollen contribution and occasionally showed normal-like seeds. Five missense single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified between Corinto Nero and Sangiovese from transcriptomic data. CONCLUSIONS Our observations allowed us to attribute a seedlessness type to some variants for which it was not documented in the literature. Interestingly, the VvAGL11 mutation responsible for Sultanina stenospermocarpy was also discovered in a seedless mutant of Gouais Blanc. We suggest that Corinto Nero parthenocarpy is driven by pollen and/or embryo sac defects, and both events likely arise from meiotic anomalies. The single nucleotide polymorphisms identified between Sangiovese and Corinto Nero are suitable for testing as traceability markers for propagated material and as functional candidates for the seedless phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Costantini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.
| | - Paula Moreno-Sanz
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via. E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Chinedu Charles Nwafor
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center for Plant Science Innovation & Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Silvia Lorenzi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Annarita Marrano
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Fabiana Cristofolini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Elena Gottardini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - Research Council of Italy, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Paola Ruffa
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - Research Council of Italy, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Ivana Gribaudo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - Research Council of Italy, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Anna Schneider
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - Research Council of Italy, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Maria Stella Grando
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via. E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
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23
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Dicuonzo S, Leonardi MC, Raimondi S, Corrao G, Bagnardi V, Gerardi MA, Morra A, Zerella MA, Zaffaroni M, Pansini F, Cattani F, Luraschi R, Fodor C, Veronesi P, Orecchia R, Rojas DP, Jereczek-Fossa BA. Acute and intermediate toxicity of 3-week radiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost using TomoDirect: prospective series of 287 early breast cancer patients. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:1415-1428. [PMID: 33537865 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To report toxicity of a hypofractionated scheme of whole-breast (WB) intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) to the tumor bed (TB) using Tomotherapy® with Direct modality. METHODS Patients with early breast cancer, undergoing radiotherapy (RT) in 15 daily fractions to WB (prescription dose 40.05 Gy) and SIB to the TB (48 Gy), between 2013 and 2017, was analyzed. Primary endpoint was acute and intermediate toxicity assessed at the end and within 6 months from RT, according to Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scale. Secondary endpoints included early chronic toxicity at 12-months follow-up, using the Late Effects Normal Tissue Task Subjective, Objective, Management, and Analytic (LENT-SOMA) scale, and cosmesis using Harvard criteria. RESULTS The study population was of 287 patients. Acute and intermediate toxicity was collected among 183 patients with data available at the end of RT and within 6 months, 85 (46%) experienced G2 toxicity and 84 (46%) G1 toxicity, while 14 (8%) did not report toxicity at any time. A significant reduction of any grade toxicity was observed between the two time points, with the majority of patients reporting no clinically relevant toxicity at 6 months. At univariate analysis, age < 40 years, breast volume > 1000 cm3 and Dmax ≤ 115% of prescription dose were predictive factors of clinically relevant acute toxicity (G ≥ 2) at any time. At multivariable analysis, only age and breast volume were confirmed as predictive factors, with Relative Risks (95% Confidence Intervals): 2.02 (1.13-3.63) and 1.84 (1.26-2.67), respectively. At 12-month follow-up, 113 patients had complete information on any toxicity with 53% of toxicity G < 2, while cosmetic evaluation, available for 102 patients, reported a good-excellent result for 86% of patients. CONCLUSIONS Hypofractionated WB IMRT with a SIB to the TB, delivered with TomoDirect modality, is safe and well-tolerated. Most patients reported no toxicity after 6 months and good-excellent cosmesis. Predictive factors of clinically relevant toxicity might be considered during treatment planning in order to further reduce side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dicuonzo
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - M C Leonardi
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - S Raimondi
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - G Corrao
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - V Bagnardi
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - M A Gerardi
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - A Morra
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - M A Zerella
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - M Zaffaroni
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - F Pansini
- Unit of Medical Physics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - F Cattani
- Unit of Medical Physics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - R Luraschi
- Unit of Medical Physics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - C Fodor
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - P Veronesi
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Division of Breast Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - R Orecchia
- Scientific Directorate, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - D P Rojas
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - B A Jereczek-Fossa
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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24
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Stefanaki I, Stratigos AJ, Kypreou KP, Evangelou E, Gandini S, Maisonneuve P, Polsky D, Lazovich D, Newton-Bishop J, Kanetsky PA, Puig S, Gruis NA, Ghiorzo P, Pellegrini C, De Nicolo A, Ribas G, Guida G, Garcia-Borron JC, Fargnoli MC, Nan H, Landi MT, Little J, Sera F, Raimondi S. MC1R variants in relation to naevi in melanoma cases and controls: a pooled analysis from the M-SKIP project. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:e135-e138. [PMID: 32780924 PMCID: PMC8327925 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Stefanaki
- 1st Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - A J Stratigos
- 1st Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - K P Kypreou
- 1st Department of Dermatology, Medical School, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E Evangelou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - S Gandini
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - P Maisonneuve
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - D Polsky
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - D Lazovich
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J Newton-Bishop
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - P A Kanetsky
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - S Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N A Gruis
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P Ghiorzo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - C Pellegrini
- Dermatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - A De Nicolo
- Cancer Genomics Program, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - G Ribas
- Dptd. Oncologia medica y hematologia, Fundación Investigación Clínico de Valencia Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria- INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - G Guida
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - J C Garcia-Borron
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - M C Fargnoli
- Dermatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - H Nan
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, IU Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - M T Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J Little
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - F Sera
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - S Raimondi
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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25
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Candeliere F, Raimondi S, Spampinato G, Tay MYF, Amaretti A, Schlundt J, Rossi M. Comparative Genomics of Leuconostoc carnosum. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:605127. [PMID: 33505375 PMCID: PMC7829361 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.605127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Leuconostoc carnosum is a known colonizer of meat-related food matrices. It reaches remarkably high loads during the shelf life in packaged meat products and plays a role in spoilage, although preservative effects have been proposed for some strains. In this study, the draft genomes of 17 strains of L. carnosum (i.e., all the strains that have been sequenced so far) were compared to decipher their metabolic and functional potential and to determine their role in food transformations. Genome comparison and pathway reconstruction indicated that L. carnosum is a compact group of closely related heterofermentative bacteria sharing most of the metabolic features. Adaptation to a nitrogen-rich environment, such as meat, is evidenced by 23 peptidase genes identified in the core genome and by the autotrophy for nitrogen compounds including several amino acids, vitamins, and cofactors. Genes encoding the decarboxylases yielding biogenic amines were not present. All the strains harbored 1–4 of 32 different plasmids, bearing functions associated to proteins hydrolysis, transport of amino acids and oligopeptides, exopolysaccharides, and various resistances (e.g., to environmental stresses, bacteriophages, and heavy metals). Functions associated to bacteriocin synthesis, secretion, and immunity were also found in plasmids. While genes for lactococcin were found in most plasmids, only three harbored the genes for leucocin B, a class IIa antilisterial bacteriocin. Determinants of antibiotic resistances were absent in both plasmids and chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gloria Spampinato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Moon Yue Feng Tay
- Nanyang Technological University Food Technology Centre (NAFTEC), Singapore, Singapore.,School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Joergen Schlundt
- Nanyang Technological University Food Technology Centre (NAFTEC), Singapore, Singapore.,School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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26
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Pepa M, Gugliandolo S, Isaksson L, Marvaso G, Raimondi S, Botta F, Gandini S, Ciardo D, Volpe S, Riva G, Rojas D, Zerini D, Pricolo P, Alessi S, Petralia G, Summers P, Mistretta A, Luzzago S, Cattani F, De Cobelli O, Cassano E, Cremonesi M, Bellomi M, Orecchia R, Jereczek-Fossa B. PO-1576: Assessment of mpMRI-based radiomics tools in PCa for cancer aggressiveness prediction, AIRC IG-. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01594-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Solopova A, Bottacini F, Venturi Degli Esposti E, Amaretti A, Raimondi S, Rossi M, van Sinderen D. Riboflavin Biosynthesis and Overproduction by a Derivative of the Human Gut Commensal Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC 15697. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:573335. [PMID: 33042083 PMCID: PMC7522473 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.573335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin or vitamin B2 is the precursor of the essential coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). Despite increased interest in microbial synthesis of this water-soluble vitamin, the metabolic pathway for riboflavin biosynthesis has been characterized in just a handful of bacteria. Here, comparative genome analysis identified the genes involved in the de novo biosynthetic pathway of riboflavin in certain bifidobacterial species, including the human gut commensal Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (B. infantis) ATCC 15697. Using comparative genomics and phylogenomic analysis, we investigated the evolutionary acquisition route of the riboflavin biosynthesis or rib gene cluster in Bifidobacterium and the distribution of riboflavin biosynthesis-associated genes across the genus. Using B. infantis ATCC 15697 as model organism for this pathway, we isolated spontaneous riboflavin overproducers, which had lost transcriptional regulation of the genes required for riboflavin biosynthesis. Among them, one mutant was shown to allow riboflavin release into the medium to a concentration of 60.8 ng mL–1. This mutant increased vitamin B2 concentration in a fecal fermentation system, thus providing promising data for application of this isolate as a functional food ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Solopova
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | | | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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28
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Raimondi S, Tumino G, Ruffa P, Boccacci P, Gambino G, Schneider A. DNA-based genealogy reconstruction of Nebbiolo, Barbera and other ancient grapevine cultivars from northwestern Italy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15782. [PMID: 32978486 PMCID: PMC7519648 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72799-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Northwestern Italy is a wine region of the world with the highest of reputations, where top quality wines of remarkable economic value are produced from traditional, long-cultivated varieties. Kinship analyses were performed using 32 microsatellite loci and more than 10 K single-nucleotide polymorphism markers on 227 traditional grapes mostly from Northwestern Italy—including those that have been neglected or are threatened. This was done to better understand the genetic grapevine origins and history of this reputable wine producing area, thus enhancing its cultural value and the marketing appeal of its wines. The work revealed a complex network of genetic relationships among varieties, with little contribution of genotypes from other areas. It revealed the major role played by a few ancient grape varieties as parents of numerous offspring, including some that are endangered today. The ancestry of many cultivars is proposed. Among these are Dolcetto, Barbera and Riesling italico. Through the inference of parent–offspring and sibling relations, marker profiles of ungenotyped putative parents were reconstructed, suggesting kinship relations and a possible parentage for Nebbiolo, one of the most ancient wine grapes worldwide. Historic and geographic implications from the resulting kinships are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raimondi
- National Research Council of Italy-Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Tumino
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Via San Protaso 302, 29017, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, PC, Italy
| | - Paola Ruffa
- National Research Council of Italy-Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Turin, Italy.,University of Turin-Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (UNITO-DiSAFA), L. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Boccacci
- National Research Council of Italy-Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gambino
- National Research Council of Italy-Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Schneider
- National Research Council of Italy-Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135, Turin, Italy.
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29
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Giannitto C, Marvaso G, Botta F, Raimondi S, Alterio D, Ciardo D, Volpe S, De Piano F, Ancona E, Tagliabue M, Origgi D, Chiocca S, Maffini FA, Ansarin M, Bagnardi V, Cattani F, Nolè F, Preda L, Orecchia R, Cassano E, Cremonesi M, Starzyńska A, Bellomi M, Jereczek-Fossa BA. Association of quantitative MRI-based radiomic features with prognostic factors and recurrence rate in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Neoplasma 2020; 67:1437-1446. [PMID: 32787435 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2020_200310n249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Radiomics focuses on extracting a large number of quantitative imaging features and testing both their correlation with clinical characteristics and their prognostic and predictive values. We propose a radiomic approach using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to decode the tumor phenotype and local recurrence in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). The contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences from baseline MRI examinations of OPSCC patients treated between 2008 and 2016 were retrospectively selected. Radiomic features were extracted using the IBEX software, and hiegrarchical clustering was applied to reduce features redundancy. The association of each radiomic feature with tumor grading and stage, HPV status, loco-regional recurrence within 2 years, considered as main endpoints, was assessed by univariate analysis and then corrected for multiple testing. Statistical analysis was performed with SAS/STAT® software. Thirty-two eligible cases were identified. For each patient, 1286 radiomic features were extracted, subsequently grouped into 16 clusters. Higher grading (G3 vs. G1/G2) was associated with lower values of GOH/65Percentile and GOH/85Percentile features (p=0.04 and 0.01, respectively). Positive HPV status was associated with higher values of GOH/10Percentile (p=0.03) and lower values of GOH/90Percentile (p=0.03). Loco-regional recurrence within 2 years was associated with higher values of GLCM3/4-7Correlation (p=0.04) and lower values of GLCM3/2-1InformationMeasureCorr1 (p=0.04). Results lost the statistical significance after correction for multiple testing. T stage was significantly correlated with 9 features, 4 of which (GLCM25/180-4InformationMeasureCorr2, Shape/MeanBreadth, GLCM25/90-1InverseDiffMomentNorm, and GLCM3/6-1InformationMeasureCorr1) retained statistical significance after False Discovery Rate correction. MRI-based radiomics is a feasible and promising approach for the prediction of tumor phenotype and local recurrence in OPSCC. Some radiomic features seem to be correlated with tumor characteristics and oncologic outcome however, larger collaborative studies are warranted in order to increase the statistical power and to obtain robust and validated results.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Giannitto
- Department of Radiology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - G Marvaso
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F Botta
- Unit of Medical Physics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - S Raimondi
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - D Alterio
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - D Ciardo
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - S Volpe
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F De Piano
- Postgraduation School in Radiodiagnostics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - E Ancona
- Postgraduation School in Radiodiagnostics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Tagliabue
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - D Origgi
- Unit of Medical Physics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - S Chiocca
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - F Antonio Maffini
- Department of Pathology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - M Ansarin
- Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - V Bagnardi
- Department of Statistics and Quantitative Methods, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - F Cattani
- Unit of Medical Physics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - F Nolè
- Department of Medical Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - L Preda
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,National Centre of Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Pavia, Italy
| | - R Orecchia
- Scientific Directorate, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - E Cassano
- Breast Imaging Unit, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - M Cremonesi
- Radiation Research Unit, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - A Starzyńska
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - M Bellomi
- Department of Radiology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - B Alicja Jereczek-Fossa
- Division of Radiation Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Raimondi S, Spampinato G, Macavei LI, Lugli L, Candeliere F, Rossi M, Maistrello L, Amaretti A. Effect of Rearing Temperature on Growth and Microbiota Composition of Hermetia illucens. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060902. [PMID: 32549385 PMCID: PMC7355568 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential utilization of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) as food or feed is interesting due to the nutritive value and the sustainability of the rearing process. In the present study, larvae and prepupae of H. illucens were reared at 20, 27, and 33 °C, to determine whether temperature affects the whole insect microbiota, described using microbiological risk assessment techniques and 16S rRNA gene survey. The larvae efficiently grew across the tested temperatures. Higher temperatures promoted faster larval development and greater final biomass but also higher mortality. Viable Enterobacteriaceae, Bacillus cereus, Campylobacter, Clostridium perfringens, coagulase-positive staphylococci, Listeriaceae, and Salmonella were detected in prepupae. Campylobacter and Listeriaceae counts got higher with the increasing temperature. Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis, the microbiota of larvae was dominated by Providencia (>60%) and other Proteobateria (mainly Klebsiella) and evolved to a more complex composition in prepupae, with a bloom of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Bacilli, while Providencia was still present as the main component. Prepupae largely shared the microbiota with the frass where it was reared, except for few lowly represented taxa. The rearing temperature was negatively associated with the amount of Providencia, and positively associated with a variety of other genera, such as Alcaligenes, Pseudogracilibacillus, Bacillus, Proteus, Enterococcus, Pediococcus, Bordetella, Pseudomonas, and Kerstersia. With respect to the microbiological risk assessment, attention should be paid to abundant genera, such as Bacillus, Myroides, Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella, which encompass species described as opportunistic pathogens, bearing drug resistances or causing severe morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.); (G.S.); (L.I.M.); (L.L.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Gloria Spampinato
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.); (G.S.); (L.I.M.); (L.L.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Laura Ioana Macavei
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.); (G.S.); (L.I.M.); (L.L.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Linda Lugli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.); (G.S.); (L.I.M.); (L.L.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.); (G.S.); (L.I.M.); (L.L.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.); (G.S.); (L.I.M.); (L.L.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (L.M.)
- BIOGEST–SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lara Maistrello
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.); (G.S.); (L.I.M.); (L.L.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (L.M.)
- BIOGEST–SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (S.R.); (G.S.); (L.I.M.); (L.L.); (F.C.); (M.R.); (L.M.)
- BIOGEST–SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-059-205-8588
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31
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Stanganelli I, De Felici MB, Mandel VD, Caini S, Raimondi S, Corso F, Bellerba F, Quaglino P, Sanlorenzo M, Ribero S, Medri M, Farnetani F, Feliciani C, Pellacani G, Gandini S. The association between pesticide use and cutaneous melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:691-708. [PMID: 31541557 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of cutaneous melanoma (CM), the deadliest form of skin cancer, has gradually increased in the last decades among populations of European origin. Epidemiological studies suggested that farmers and agricultural workers are at an increased risk of CM because they were exposed to pesticides. However, little is known about the relationship between pesticides and CM. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between exposure to pesticides and CM by systematically reviewing the literature. Secondary aim was to determine the categories of pesticides mainly involved in CM development. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was performed up to September 2018 using MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science. Studies assessing CM risk in licensed pesticide applicators were considered. Strict criteria were established to select independent studies and risk estimates; random effect models, taking into account heterogeneity, were applied. A pooled risk estimate for CM was calculated for the use of each type of pesticide and type of exposure. Between-study and estimate heterogeneity was assessed and publication bias investigated. RESULTS A total of nine studies (two case-controls and seven cohorts) comprising 184 389 unique subjects were included. The summary relative risks for the categories 'herbicides - ever exposure', 'insecticides - ever exposure', 'any pesticide - ever exposure' and 'any pesticide - high exposure' resulted 1.85 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 3.36], 1.57 (95% CI: 0.58, 4.25), 1.31 (95% CI: 0.85, 2.04) and 2.17 (95% CI: 0.45, 10.36), respectively. Herbicides and insecticides had no between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 0%), while a significant heterogeneity (I2 > 50%) was detected for the high exposure to any pesticide. No indication for publication bias was found. CONCLUSIONS Individuals exposed to herbicides are at an increased risk of CM. Future properly designed observational studies are required to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Stanganelli
- Skin Cancer Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Meldola, Italy
- Dermatology Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - M B De Felici
- Dermatology Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - V D Mandel
- Skin Cancer Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Meldola, Italy
| | - S Caini
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - S Raimondi
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - F Corso
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - F Bellerba
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - P Quaglino
- Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M Sanlorenzo
- Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - S Ribero
- Dermatologic Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M Medri
- Skin Cancer Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Meldola, Italy
| | - F Farnetani
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - C Feliciani
- Dermatology Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - G Pellacani
- Dermatology Unit, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - S Gandini
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
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Amaretti A, Righini L, Candeliere F, Musmeci E, Bonvicini F, Gentilomi GA, Rossi M, Raimondi S. Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Factors, Phenotyping, and Genotyping of Non- Escherichia coli Enterobacterales from the Gut Microbiota of Healthy Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051847. [PMID: 32156029 PMCID: PMC7084377 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Escherichia coli Enterobacterales (NECE) can colonize the human gut and may present virulence determinants and phenotypes that represent severe heath concerns. Most information is available for virulent NECE strains, isolated from patients with an ongoing infection, while the commensal NECE population of healthy subjects is understudied. In this study, 32 NECE strains were isolated from the feces of 20 healthy adults. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and mass spectrometry attributed the isolates to Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter kobei, Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter amalonaticus, Cronobacter sp., and Hafnia alvei, Morganella morganii, and Serratia liquefaciens. Multiplex PCR revealed that K. pneumoniae harbored virulence genes for adhesins (mrkD, ycfM, and kpn) and enterobactin (entB) and, in one case, also for yersiniabactin (ybtS, irp1, irp2, and fyuA). Virulence genes were less numerous in the other NECE species. Biofilm formation was spread across all the species, while curli and cellulose were mainly produced by Citrobacter and Enterobacter. Among the most common antibiotics, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was the sole against which resistance was observed, only Klebsiella strains being susceptible. The NECE inhabiting the intestine of healthy subjects have traits that may pose a health threat, taking into account the possibility of horizontal gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.A.); (L.R.); (F.C.); (E.M.); (M.R.)
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Viale Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lucia Righini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.A.); (L.R.); (F.C.); (E.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.A.); (L.R.); (F.C.); (E.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Eliana Musmeci
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.A.); (L.R.); (F.C.); (E.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Francesca Bonvicini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.B.); (G.A.G.)
| | - Giovanna Angela Gentilomi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.B.); (G.A.G.)
- Unit of Microbiology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.A.); (L.R.); (F.C.); (E.M.); (M.R.)
- Biogest-Siteia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Viale Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.A.); (L.R.); (F.C.); (E.M.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-059-205-8595
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Amaretti A, Bottari B, Morreale F, Savo Sardaro ML, Angelino D, Raimondi S, Rossi M, Pellegrini N. Potential prebiotic effect of a long-chain dextran produced by Weissella cibaria: an in vitro evaluation. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 71:563-571. [PMID: 31910700 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1711026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dextrans are homopolysaccharides of D-glucose units produced by lactic acid bacteria. They have several technological applications and potential utilisation in positively modulating gut microbiota is attracting increasing attention. Whereas the prebiotic activity of low polymerisation degree (DP) dextrans has been established, high DP dextrans still deserve deeper investigation. In the present study, a long linear chain dextran produced by Weissella cibaria was compared to inulin with regards to the growth of specific health-related taxa and to the production of organic acids in pH-controlled batch cultures of intestinal microbiota. qPCR quantification of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Prevotella, Bacteroides fragilis, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii revealed differences in their relative abundance, depending on the carbon source, that reflected the pattern of fermentation products determined by HPLC. Dextran mainly enhanced the relative amount of Prevotella and Bacteroides, consistently with a favourable acetate-propionate ratio suggesting a promising utilisation as functional ingredient in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, Centro per il Miglioramento e la Valorizzazione delle Risorse Biologiche Agro-Alimentari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Luisa Savo Sardaro
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of the Quality of Life, University of San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Donato Angelino
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Biogest-Siteia, Centro per il Miglioramento e la Valorizzazione delle Risorse Biologiche Agro-Alimentari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Raimondi S, Amaretti A, Gozzoli C, Simone M, Righini L, Candeliere F, Brun P, Ardizzoni A, Colombari B, Paulone S, Castagliuolo I, Cavalieri D, Blasi E, Rossi M, Peppoloni S. Longitudinal Survey of Fungi in the Human Gut: ITS Profiling, Phenotyping, and Colonization. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1575. [PMID: 31354669 PMCID: PMC6636193 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungal component of the intestinal microbiota of eight healthy subjects was studied over 12 months using metagenome survey and culture-based approaches. Aspergillus, Candida, Debaryomyces, Malassezia, Penicillium, Pichia, and Saccharomyces were the most recurrent and/or dominant fungal genera, according to metagenomic analysis. The biodiversity of fungal communities was lower and characterized by greater unevenness, when compared to bacterial microbiome. The dissimilarities both among subjects and over the time within the same subject suggested that most of the fungi passed through the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) without becoming stable colonizers. Certain genera, such as Aspergillus and Penicillium, were isolated in a minority of cases, although they recurred abundantly and frequently in the metagenomics survey, likely being environmental or food-borne fungi that do not inhabit the GIT. Candida genus was recurrently detected. Candida albicans isolates dominated among the cultivable mycobiota and longitudinally persisted, likely as commensals inhabiting the intestine or regularly reaching it from Candida-colonized districts, such as the oral cavity. Other putative colonizers belonged to Candida zeylanoides, Geotrichum candidum, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, with persisting biotypes being identified. Phenotyping of fungal isolates indicated that C. albicans adhered to human epithelial cells more efficiently and produced greater amounts of biofilm in vitro than non-albicans Candida (NAC) and non-Candida fungi (NCF). The C. albicans isolates also induced the highest release of HBD-2 by human epithelial cells, further differing from NAC and NCF. Nine representative isolates were administered to mice to evaluate the ability to colonize the intestine. Only two out of three C. albicans strains persisted in stools of animals 2 weeks after the end of the oral administration, whereas NAC and NCF did not. These results confirm the allochthonous nature of most the intestinal fungi, while C. albicans appears to be commonly involved in stable colonization. A combination of specific genetic features in the microbe and in the host likely allow colonization from fungi normally present solely as passengers. It remains to be established if other species identified as potential colonizers, in addition to Candida, are true inhabitants of the GIT or rather reach the intestine spreading from other body districts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Caterina Gozzoli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marta Simone
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lucia Righini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Candeliere
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Ardizzoni
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Bruna Colombari
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Simona Paulone
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | - Elisabetta Blasi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Samuele Peppoloni
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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35
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Raimondi S, Mascherpa M, Ravaldi C, Vannacci A, Marconi AM, Bulfamante GP, Avagliano L. How many roads lead to stillbirth rate reduction? A 30-year analysis of risk factors in a Northern Italy University care center. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1622675 [online ahead of print]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Raimondi
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- CiaoLapo, Charity for Healthy Pregnancy, Stillbirth and Perinatal Loss Support, Prato, Italy
| | - M. Mascherpa
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Ravaldi
- CiaoLapo, Charity for Healthy Pregnancy, Stillbirth and Perinatal Loss Support, Prato, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A. Vannacci
- CiaoLapo, Charity for Healthy Pregnancy, Stillbirth and Perinatal Loss Support, Prato, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A. M. Marconi
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G. P. Bulfamante
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L. Avagliano
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Raimondi S, Mascherpa M, Ravaldi C, Vannacci A, Marconi AM, Bulfamante GP, Avagliano L. How many roads lead to stillbirth rate reduction? A 30-year analysis of risk factors in a Northern Italy University care center. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 34:952-959. [PMID: 31113267 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1622675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stillbirths affect more than 2.5 million pregnancies worldwide every year and the progress in reducing stillbirth rates is slower than that required by World Health Organization. The aim of the present study was to investigate which factors were associated with stillbirths in a University Hospital in the North of Italy, over a time span of 30 years. The goal was to identify which factors are potentially modifiable to reduce stillbirth rate. METHODS Retrospective case-control study (358 stillbirths, 716 livebirths) subdivided into two study periods (1987-2006 and 2007-2017). RESULTS The prevalence of conception obtained by assisted reproductive technologies, pregnancy at advanced maternal age, and complications of pregnancy such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and other fetal diseases (abnormal fetal conditions including fetal anemia, fetal hydrops, TORCH infections) increased through the years of the study. Despite a rising prevalence, the last 10 years showed a significant reduction in stillbirths associated with preeclampsia and FGR. Similarly, the risk of stillbirth related to abnormal fetal conditions decreased in the second study period and a history of previous stillbirth becomes a nonsignificant risk factor. CONCLUSIONS Altogether these results suggest that in pregnancies perceived as "high risk" (i.e. previous stillbirth, preeclampsia, FGR, abnormal fetal conditions) appropriate care and follow-up can indeed lower stillbirth rates. In conclusion, the road to stillbirth prevention passes inevitably through awareness and recognition of risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Raimondi
- Molecular and Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,CiaoLapo, Charity for Healthy Pregnancy, Stillbirth and Perinatal Loss Support, Prato, Italy
| | - M Mascherpa
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C Ravaldi
- CiaoLapo, Charity for Healthy Pregnancy, Stillbirth and Perinatal Loss Support, Prato, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A Vannacci
- CiaoLapo, Charity for Healthy Pregnancy, Stillbirth and Perinatal Loss Support, Prato, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A M Marconi
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G P Bulfamante
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L Avagliano
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Marvaso G, Delia C, Alterio D, Botta F, Giannitto C, Volpe S, Maffini F, Raimondi S, Ansarin M, Bellomi M, Jereczek-Fossa B. EP-1925 Association of MRI-based radiomic features with prognostic factors in oropharyngeal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)32345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dicuonzo S, Leonardi M, Raimondi S, Miglietta E, Gerardi M, Morra A, Dell'Acqua V, Surgo A, Rojas D, Pansini F, Luraschi R, Cattani F, Fodor C, Veronesi P, Orecchia R, Jereczek-Fossa B. EP-1310 Toxicity evaluation of a hypofractionated WBRT with SIB for breast cancer using TomoDirect. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31730-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Raimondi S, Luciani R, Sirangelo TM, Amaretti A, Leonardi A, Ulrici A, Foca G, D'Auria G, Moya A, Zuliani V, Seibert TM, Søltoft-Jensen J, Rossi M. Microbiota of sliced cooked ham packaged in modified atmosphere throughout the shelf life: Microbiota of sliced cooked ham in MAP. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 289:200-208. [PMID: 30268907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen lots of cooked ham in modified atmosphere packaging (CH) were analyzed within a few days from packaging (S) and at the end of the shelf-life (E), after storage at 7 °C to simulate thermal abuse. Five more lots, rejected from the market because spoiled (R), were included in the study. Quality of the products was generally compromised during the shelf life, with only 4 lots remaining unaltered. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons resulted in 801 OTUs. S samples presented a higher diversity than E and R ones. At the beginning of the shelf life, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes dominated the microbiota, with Acinetobacter, Brochothrix, Carnobacterium, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, Pseudomonas, Psychrobacter, Weissella, Vibrio rumoiensis occurring frequently and/or abundantly. E and R samples were dominated by Firmicutes mostly ascribed to Lactobacillales. It is noteworthy the appearance of abundant Leuconostoc, negligible in S samples, in some E and R samples, while in other LAB were outnumbered by V. rumoiensis or Brochothrix thermosphacta. The microbiota of spoiled and R samples could not be clustered on the basis of specific defects (discoloration, presence of slime, sourness, and swollen packages) or supplemented additives. LAB population of S samples, averaging 2.9 log10(cfu/g), increased to 7.7 log10(cfu/g) in the E and R samples. Dominant cultivable LAB belonged to the species Lactobacillus sakei and Leuconostoc carnosum. The same biotypes ascribed to different species where often found in the corresponding S and R samples, and sometime in different batches provided from the same producer, suggesting a recurrent contamination from the plant of production. Consistently with growth of LAB, initial pH (6.26) dropped to 5.74 in E samples. Volatiles organic compound (VOCs) analysis revealed that ethanol was the major metabolite produced during the shelf life. The profile of volatile compounds got enriched with other molecules (e.g. 2-butanone, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, acetoin, butanoic acid, ethyl ester, butanoic acid, and 2,3-butanediol) mainly ascribed to microbial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Rosaria Luciani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; BIOGEST - SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alan Leonardi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ulrici
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; BIOGEST - SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giorgia Foca
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; BIOGEST - SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D'Auria
- Servicio de Secuenciación y Bioinformática, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés Moya
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Valencia, Spain; Area de Genómica y Salud, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas, Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; BIOGEST - SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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Amaretti A, Gozzoli C, Simone M, Raimondi S, Righini L, Pérez-Brocal V, García-López R, Moya A, Rossi M. Profiling of Protein Degraders in Cultures of Human Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2614. [PMID: 31803157 PMCID: PMC6874058 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Unabsorbed proteins reach the colon and are fermented by the microbiota, yielding a variety of harmful metabolites. In the present study, a 16S rRNA gene survey identified the bacterial taxa flourishing in 11 batch fermentations with proteins and peptones as the sole fermentable substrates, inoculated with the feces of six healthy adults. Organic acids, ammonia, and indole resulting from protein breakdown and fermentation accumulated in all of the cultures. Analysis of differential abundances among time-points identified Enterobacteriaceae, Burkholderiaceae, and Desulfovibrionaceae (including Esherichia-Shigella, Sutterella, Parasutterella, and Bilophila) among the bacteria that especially in the cultures with low inoculation load. Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae also encompassed many taxa that significantly expanded, mainly in cultures inoculated with high inoculation load, and showed the strongest correlation with the production of ammonium, indole, and p-cresol. Anaerotruncus, Dorea, Oscillibacter, Eubacterium oxidoreducens, Lachnoclostridium, Paeniclostridium, and Rombutsia were among them. Other Firmicutes (e.g., Roseburia, Ruminococcus, Lachnospira, Dialister, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Streptococcaceae) and many Bacteroidetes (e.g., Barnesiellaceae, Prevotellaceae, and Rickenelliaceae) decreased. Sequences attributed to Bacteroides, unresolved at the level of species, presented opposite contributions, resulting in no significant changes in the genus. This study sheds light on the multitude of bacterial taxa putatively participating in protein catabolism in the colon. Protein fermentation was confirmed as unfavorable to health, due to both the production of toxic metabolites and the blooming of opportunistic pathogens and pro-inflammatory bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Caterina Gozzoli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marta Simone
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lucia Righini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Vicente Pérez-Brocal
- Area of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research of Valencian Community (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo García-López
- Area of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research of Valencian Community (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Moya
- Area of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research of Valencian Community (FISABIO-Public Health), Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (ISysBio), University of Valencia, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC-UVEG), Valencia, Spain
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- BIOGEST-SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maddalena Rossi,
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Botta F, Origgi D, Raimondi S, De Marco P, Pesenti A, Rizzo S. 306 Correlation between radiomic features extracted from CT images of non small cells lung cancer (NSCLC) and lymph node status: Preliminary results. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.04.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Ficco DBM, Prandi B, Amaretti A, Anfelli I, Leonardi A, Raimondi S, Pecchioni N, De Vita P, Faccini A, Sforza S, Rossi M. Comparison of gluten peptides and potential prebiotic carbohydrates in old and modern Triticum turgidum ssp. genotypes. Food Res Int 2018; 120:568-576. [PMID: 31000273 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Old wheat genotypes are perceived by consumers as healthier than modern ones. The release of gluten peptides with in vitro digestion and the content of potentially prebiotic carbohydrates (i.e. resistant fraction of starch and cell-wall associated dietary fiber) were evaluated in tetraploid wheats, namely 9 old and 3 modern Triticum turgidum ssp. genotypes. Simulated digestion of wholemeal flours yielded 152 major peptides, 59 of which were attributed a sequence. Principal component analysis revealed that peptide profiles were variable in old genotypes, unlike in modern ones. Digestion of old genotypes generally yielded peptides in greater concentration. In particular, 5 peptides of γ-gliadin, known to trigger the adaptive immune reaction, and two peptides of α-gliadin, known to be toxic to celiac patients, were particularly abundant in some old varieties. Resistant starch (RS) was negligible in modern genotypes (<0.6%), but it was remarkably abundant in some old varieties, reaching the highest value in Dauno III (8.5%, P < 0.05). Dauno III also presented the highest amount of soluble fiber (4.2%, P < 0.05). Pasta was made with an old and a modern genotype (Dauno III and PR22D89, respectively) with opposite RS content. Pasta making and cooking affected starch digestibility, overtaking differences between genotypes and yielding the same amount of RS for both the varieties (approx. 1.7%). The data herein presented suggest that the wholemeal flours of old tetraploid wheat genotypes could not boast particular claims associated to a lower exposure to gluten peptides and, if cooked, to a prebiotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Bianca Maria Ficco
- CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Foggia, Italy
| | - Barbara Prandi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Italy; Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, Telematic University San Raffaele Roma, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy; Biogest-Siteia, Centro per il Miglioramento e la Valorizzazione delle Risorse Biologiche Agro-Alimentari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Igor Anfelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alan Leonardi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Nicola Pecchioni
- CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Foggia, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy; Biogest-Siteia, Centro per il Miglioramento e la Valorizzazione delle Risorse Biologiche Agro-Alimentari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Vita
- CREA - Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Faccini
- Interdepartmental Center for Measurements, University of Parma, Italy
| | | | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy; Biogest-Siteia, Centro per il Miglioramento e la Valorizzazione delle Risorse Biologiche Agro-Alimentari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy..
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Raimondi S, Nappi MR, Sirangelo TM, Leonardi A, Amaretti A, Ulrici A, Magnani R, Montanari C, Tabanelli G, Gardini F, Rossi M. Bacterial community of industrial raw sausage packaged in modified atmosphere throughout the shelf life. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 280:78-86. [PMID: 29783046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ten lots of industrial raw sausages in modified atmosphere (CO2 30%, O2 70%), produced in the same plant over 7 months, were analyzed at the day after production (S samples) and at the end of shelf life (E samples), after 12 days storage at 7 °C to simulate thermal abuse. Quality of the products was generally compromised by storage at 7 °C, with only 3 E samples without alterations. During the shelf life, the pH decreased for the accumulation of acetic and lactic acids. A few biogenic amines accumulated, remaining below acceptable limits. The profile of volatile compounds got enriched with alcohols, ketones, and acids (e.g. ethanol, 2,3-butanediol, 2,3-butandione, butanoic acid) originated by bacterial metabolism. Throughout the shelf life, aerobic bacteria increased from 4.7 log to 6.6 log cfu/g, and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from 3.7 to 8.1 log cfu/g. Staphylococci, enterobacteria, and pseudomonads passed from 3.7, 3.0, and 1.7 to 5.5, 4.8, and 3.0 log cfu/g, respectively. Dominant cultivable LAB, genotyped by RAPD-PCR, belonged to the species Lactobacillus curvatus/graminis and Lactobacillus sakei, with lower amounts of Leuconostoc carnosum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Brochothrix thermosphacta was the prevailing species among aerobic bacteria. The same biotypes ascribed to several different species where often found in E samples of diverse batches, suggesting a recurrent contamination from the plant of production. Profiling of 16S rRNA gene evidenced that microbiota of S samples clustered in two main groups where either Firmicutes or Bacteroidetes prevailed, albeit with taxa generally associated to the gastro-intestinal tract of mammals. The microbial diversity was lower in E samples than in S ones. Even though a common profile could not be identified, most E samples clustered together and were dominated by Firmicutes, with Lactobacillaceae and Listeriaceae as the most abundant families (mostly ascribed to Lactobacillus and Brochothrix, respectively). In a sole E sample Proteobacteria (especially Serratia) was the major phylum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Nappi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Alan Leonardi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; BIOGEST - SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ulrici
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; BIOGEST - SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Montanari
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Agroalimentare, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Cesena, FC, Italy
| | - Giulia Tabanelli
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Agroalimentare, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Cesena, FC, Italy
| | - Fausto Gardini
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Agroalimentare, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Cesena, FC, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; BIOGEST - SITEIA, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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Dicuonzo S, Raimondi S, Surgo A, Spoto R, Gerardi M, Morra A, Ricotti R, Dell'acqua V, Casbarra A, Arculeo S, Rojas D, Luraschi R, Cattani F, Fodor C, Veronesi P, Orecchia R, Leonardi M, Jereczek B. EP-1326: Hypofractionated IMRT using Tomotherapy for early stage breast cancer: early chronic toxicity. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31636-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Gerardi M, Morra A, Dicuonzo S, Arculeo S, Patti F, Ricotti R, Dell'Acqua V, Augugliaro M, Arrobbio C, Viola A, Rojas D, Fodor C, Emiro F, Cattani F, Raimondi S, Galimberti V, Orecchia R, Leonardi M, Jereczek-Fossa B. EP-1323: Dosimetry results and toxicity of a 3-week schedule RT with SIB in breast cancer, with TomoDirect. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31633-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gambino G, Dal Molin A, Boccacci P, Minio A, Chitarra W, Avanzato CG, Tononi P, Perrone I, Raimondi S, Schneider A, Pezzotti M, Mannini F, Gribaudo I, Delledonne M. Whole-genome sequencing and SNV genotyping of 'Nebbiolo' (Vitis vinifera L.) clones. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17294. [PMID: 29229917 PMCID: PMC5725591 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
‘Nebbiolo’ (Vitis vinifera) is among the most ancient and prestigious wine grape varieties characterised by a wide genetic variability exhibited by a high number of clones (vegetatively propagated lines of selected mother plants). However, limited information is available for this cultivar at the molecular and genomic levels. The whole-genomes of three ‘Nebbiolo’ clones (CVT 71, CVT 185 and CVT 423) were re-sequenced and a de novo transcriptome assembly was produced. Important remarks about the genetic peculiarities of ‘Nebbiolo’ and its intra-varietal variability useful for clonal identification were reported. In particular, several varietal transcripts identified for the first time in ‘Nebbiolo’ were disease resistance genes and single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) identified in ‘Nebbiolo’, but not in other cultivars, were associated with genes involved in the stress response. Ten newly discovered SNVs were successfully employed to identify some periclinal chimeras and to classify 98 ‘Nebbiolo’ clones in seven main genotypes, which resulted to be linked to the geographical origin of accessions. In addition, for the first time it was possible to discriminate some ‘Nebbiolo’ clones from the others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Gambino
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy.
| | | | - Paolo Boccacci
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Minio
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Walter Chitarra
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy
| | | | - Paola Tononi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Irene Perrone
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Anna Schneider
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Mario Pezzotti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Franco Mannini
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Ivana Gribaudo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Grugliasco (TO), Italy
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Bottari B, Quartieri A, Prandi B, Raimondi S, Leonardi A, Rossi M, Ulrici A, Gatti M, Sforza S, Nocetti M, Amaretti A. Characterization of the peptide fraction from digested Parmigiano Reggiano cheese and its effect on growth of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. Int J Food Microbiol 2017; 255:32-41. [PMID: 28575713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Parmigiano Reggiano (PR) is a raw-milk, hard cooked, long-ripened cheese of high quality and nutritional value. Long ripening times allow for extensive proteolysis of milk proteins to yield a number of peptides, some of which have potential healthy bioactive properties. This study aimed to: i) determine the peptide profile of PR cheese subjected to simulated gastrointestinal transit; ii) evaluate in vitro whether the peptides could support growth of beneficial microbial groups of the gut microbiota. PR samples were subjected to in vitro digestion, simulating oral, gastric, and duodenal transit. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry revealed that digestion caused the disappearance of the serum proteins and most of the original peptides, while 71 new peptides were found, all ranging from 2 to 24 residues. The digests were given as sole nitrogen source to pure cultures of Bifidobacterium (27 strains) and Lactobacillus (30 strains), and to bioreactor batch cultures of human gut microbiota. Most of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli grew more abundantly on PR digests than on the control peptone, and exhibited strain- or species-specific peptide preferences, as evidenced by principal component analysis. Bifidobacteria generally consumed a greater amount of peptides than lactobacilli, in terms of both the mean peptide consumption and the number of peptides consumed. For bifidobacteria, peptide preferences were very diverse, but a core of 10 peptides with 4 or 5 residues were consumed by all the strains. Lactobacilli behaved more homogenously and consumed nearly only the same 6 peptides, mostly dipeptides. The peptide preferences of the different groups of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli could not be ascribed to features such as the length of the peptide or the abundance of residues with peculiar properties (hydrophobicity, polarity, charge) and likely depend on specific proteases and/or peptide transporters preferentially recognizing specific sequence motifs. The cultures of human colonic microbiota confirmed that PR digest promoted the growth of commensal bifidobacteria. This study demonstrated that peptides derived from simulated gastrointestinal digestion of PR supported the growth of most lactobacilli and bifidobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Quartieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alan Leonardi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy; Biogest-Siteia, Centro per il Miglioramento e la Valorizzazione delle Risorse Biologiche Agro-Alimentari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ulrici
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy; Biogest-Siteia, Centro per il Miglioramento e la Valorizzazione delle Risorse Biologiche Agro-Alimentari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Monica Gatti
- Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Italy; Multidisciplinary Interdepartmental Dairy Center - MILC, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Marco Nocetti
- Servizio Tecnico Consorzio del Formaggio Parmigiano Reggiano, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy; Biogest-Siteia, Centro per il Miglioramento e la Valorizzazione delle Risorse Biologiche Agro-Alimentari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Savino F, Quartieri A, De Marco A, Garro M, Amaretti A, Raimondi S, Simone M, Rossi M. Comparison of formula-fed infants with and without colic revealed significant differences in total bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and faecal ammonia. Acta Paediatr 2017; 106:573-578. [PMID: 27763733 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study compared the faecal microbial composition of formula-fed infants who did and did not have colic. METHODS Faecal samples from formula-fed infants under 16 weeks of age with (n = 38) and without (n = 39) colic were collected at Department of Pediatrics in Turin, Italy, between February 2014 and October 2015. The pH and faecal ammonia were determined and total bacteria, bifidobacteria, lactic acid bacteria and coliforms were quantified by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH). RESULTS Faecal ammonia was significantly higher in the colicky infants than in the controls (483 vs. 216 μg/g, p < 0.05). The FISH counts of total bacteria were lower in colicky infants (1.8E10 ± 1.5E10) than in the controls (3.4E10 ± 3.0E10) (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of coliform bacteria was significantly higher in colicky infants (p < 0.05). No differences were observed for the bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria counts between the two groups. CONCLUSION Our comparison of formula-fed infants with and without colic revealed significant differences in total bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and faecal ammonia. This study provides the stimulus for further studies of the gut microbiome, using new methods of analysis such as 16S metagenomics sequencing in order to lead to more tailored dietary approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Savino
- Department of Pediatrics; Regina Margherita Children's Hospital; Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino; Torino Italy
| | - Andrea Quartieri
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Angela De Marco
- Department of Pediatrics; Regina Margherita Children's Hospital; Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino; Torino Italy
| | - Maria Garro
- Department of Pediatrics; Regina Margherita Children's Hospital; Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino; Torino Italy
| | - Alberto Amaretti
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Marta Simone
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
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49
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Urcan DE, Giacosa S, Torchio F, Río Segade S, Raimondi S, Bertolino M, Gerbi V, Pop N, Rolle L. 'Fortified' wines volatile composition: Effect of different postharvest dehydration conditions of wine grapes cv. Malvasia moscata (Vitis vinifera L.). Food Chem 2016; 219:346-356. [PMID: 27765237 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The impact of postharvest dehydration on the volatile composition of Malvasia moscata grapes and fortified wines produced from them was assessed. The ripeness effect of fresh grapes on volatile compounds of dehydrated grapes was evaluated for the first time in this study. Fresh grape berries were densimetrically sorted, and more represented density classes were selected. Dehydration of riper berries (20.5 °Brix) led to volatile profiles richer in terpenes, particularly linalool and geraniol. The effect of dehydration rate on the volatile composition of dehydrated grapes and fortified wines was also evaluated. Fast dehydration grapes were richer in total free terpenes, and the resulting wines contained greater amounts of volatile compounds. The predominant compounds were free esters, but linalool, rose oxide, citronellol and geraniol can also contribute to wine aroma, particularly for fast dehydration. β-Damascenone can be an active odorant, although its contribution was greater in wines made from slow dehydrated grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Elena Urcan
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Simone Giacosa
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Torchio
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Istituto di Enologia e Ingegneria Agro-Alimentare, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Susana Río Segade
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Unità Grugliasco, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Marta Bertolino
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Gerbi
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Nastasia Pop
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Luca Rolle
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Unità Grugliasco, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
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50
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Di Gioia D, Mazzola G, Nikodinoska I, Aloisio I, Langerholc T, Rossi M, Raimondi S, Melero B, Rovira J. Lactic acid bacteria as protective cultures in fermented pork meat to prevent Clostridium spp. growth. Int J Food Microbiol 2016; 235:53-9. [PMID: 27400453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In meat fermented foods, Clostridium spp. growth is kept under control by the addition of nitrite. The growing request of consumers for safer products has led to consider alternative bio-based approaches, the use of protective cultures being one of them. This work is aimed at checking the possibility of using two Lactobacillus spp. strains as protective cultures against Clostridium spp. in pork ground meat for fermented salami preparation. Both Lactobacillus strains displayed anti-clostridia activity in vitro using the spot agar test and after co-culturing them in liquid medium with each Clostridium strain. Only one of them, however, namely L. plantarum PCS20, was capable of effectively surviving in ground meat and of performing anti-microbial activity in carnis in a challenge test where meat was inoculated with the Clostridium strain. Therefore, this work pointed out that protective cultures can be a feasible approach for nitrite reduction in fermented meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Di Gioia
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Bologna, viale Fanin 42, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Mazzola
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Bologna, viale Fanin 42, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ivana Nikodinoska
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Bologna, viale Fanin 42, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Irene Aloisio
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Bologna, viale Fanin 42, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Tomaz Langerholc
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Maribor, Pivola 10, 2311 Hoce, Slovenia
| | - Maddalena Rossi
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Raimondi
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Beatriz Melero
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Jordi Rovira
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
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