1
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Hejla D, Huynh S, Samra S, Richmond PA, Dalmann J, Del Bel KL, Byres L, Lehman A, Turvey SE, Boerkoel CF. Naturally occurring splice variants dissect the functional domains of BHC80 and emphasize the need for RNA analysis. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63548. [PMID: 38264805 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic PHF21A variation causes PHF21A-related neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Although amorphic alleles, including haploinsufficiency, have been established as a disease mechanism, increasing evidence suggests that missense variants as well as frameshift variants extending the BHC80 carboxyl terminus also cause disease. Expanding on these, we report a proposita with intellectual disability and overgrowth and a novel de novo heterozygous PHF21A splice variant (NM_001352027.3:c.[153+1G>C];[=]) causing skipping of exon 6, which encodes an in-frame BHC80 deletion (p.(Asn30_Gln51del)). This deletion disrupts a predicted leucine zipper domain and implicates this domain in BHC80 function and as a target of variation causing PHF21A-related NDDs. This extension of understanding emphasizes the application of RNA analysis in precision genomic medicine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duha Hejla
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephanie Huynh
- Provincial Medical Genetics Program, B.C. Women's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Simran Samra
- The Rare Disease Discovery Hub, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Experimental Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Phillip A Richmond
- The Rare Disease Discovery Hub, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joshua Dalmann
- The Rare Disease Discovery Hub, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kate L Del Bel
- The Rare Disease Discovery Hub, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Loryn Byres
- The Rare Disease Discovery Hub, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anna Lehman
- The Rare Disease Discovery Hub, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- The Rare Disease Discovery Hub, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cornelius F Boerkoel
- Provincial Medical Genetics Program, B.C. Women's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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2
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Huynh S, Strong EB, Raslan O, Ow RA. Metastatic Prostate Adenocarcinoma Masquerading as Invasive Fungal Sinusitis. Ear Nose Throat J 2023:1455613231189137. [PMID: 37515355 DOI: 10.1177/01455613231189137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A 58 year old male with a history of prostate adenocarcinoma presented with diplopia, severe headaches, and eye pain, consistent with sinusitis. Imaging was concerning for invasive fungal sinusitis (IFS) and an urgent ENT consultation was requested. Endoscopic sinus surgery was performed revealing metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma to the sinuses and anterior cranial fossa. The distinctive imaging features in this case are very useful when considering the divergent management options of IFS and metastatic sinus disease. These entities are likely to be encountered more frequently as immunomodulating therapies expand and prostate cancer continues to be a leading cause of death in males.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E Bradley Strong
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Osama Raslan
- Department of Radiology/Neuroradiology, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Randall A Ow
- Sacramento Ear, Nose and Throat, Roseville, CA, USA
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3
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Tenaillon MI, Burban E, Huynh S, Wojcik A, Thuillet AC, Manicacci D, Gérard PR, Alix K, Belcram H, Cornille A, Brault M, Stevens R, Lagnel J, Dogimont C, Vigouroux Y, Glémin S. Crop domestication as a step towards reproductive isolation. Am J Bot 2023:e16173. [PMID: 37087742 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Speciation, Darwin's mystery of mysteries, is a continuous process that results in genomic divergence accompanied by the gradual increment of reproductive barriers between lineages. Since the beginning of research on the genetics of speciation, several questions have emerged such as: What are the genetic bases of incompatibilities? How many loci are necessary to prevent hybridization and how are they distributed along genomes? Can speciation occur despite gene flow and how common is ecological speciation? Early stages of divergence are key to understand the ecology and genetics of speciation, and semi-isolated species where hybrids can still be produced are particularly relevant This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Tenaillon
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE - Le Moulon, 12 route, 128, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Burban
- Laboratoire ECOBIO_UMR 6553 UR1-CNRS, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - S Huynh
- UMR DIADE, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, 911 avenue Agropolis, Montpellier, France
| | - A Wojcik
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE - Le Moulon, 12 route, 128, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A-C Thuillet
- UMR DIADE, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, 911 avenue Agropolis, Montpellier, France
| | - D Manicacci
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE - Le Moulon, 12 route, 128, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P R Gérard
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE - Le Moulon, 12 route, 128, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Alix
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE - Le Moulon, 12 route, 128, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - H Belcram
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE - Le Moulon, 12 route, 128, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Cornille
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE - Le Moulon, 12 route, 128, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Brault
- GAFL - Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, INRAE, Allée des Chênes, Montfavet, France
| | - R Stevens
- GAFL - Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, INRAE, Allée des Chênes, Montfavet, France
| | - J Lagnel
- GAFL - Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, INRAE, Allée des Chênes, Montfavet, France
| | - C Dogimont
- GAFL - Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, INRAE, Allée des Chênes, Montfavet, France
| | - Y Vigouroux
- UMR DIADE, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, 911 avenue Agropolis, Montpellier, France
| | - S Glémin
- Laboratoire ECOBIO_UMR 6553 UR1-CNRS, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Sweden
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4
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Huynh S, Morris E, Inglis A, Austin J. Behavioral Changes after Psychiatric Genetic Counseling: An Exploratory Study. Public Health Genomics 2023; 26:35-44. [PMID: 37019096 DOI: 10.1159/000530366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Though it is well established that genetic information does not produce behavior changes, there are limited data regarding whether genetic counseling can facilitate changes in lifestyle and health behaviors that can result in improved health outcomes. METHODS To explore this issue, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 8 patients who had lived experience of psychiatric illness and who had received psychiatric genetic counseling (PGC). Using interpretive description, we used a constant comparative approach to data analysis. RESULTS Participants talked about how, prior to PGC, they held misconceptions and/or uncertainties about the causes of and protective behaviors associated with mental illness, which caused feelings of guilt, shame, fear, and hopelessness. Participants reported that PGC reframed things in a way that provided them a sense of agency over illness management, allowed a greater acceptance of illness, and provided release from some of the negative emotions associated with their initial framing of their illness, which seemed to be related to the self-reported increase in engagement in illness management behaviors and consequently improved mental health outcomes. CONCLUSION This exploratory study provides evidence to support the idea that through addressing emotions associated with perceived cause of illness and facilitating understanding of etiology and risk-reducing strategies, PGC may lead to an increase in behaviors, which protect mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Huynh
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Emily Morris
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Angela Inglis
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jehannine Austin
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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5
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Boerkoel P, Huynh S, Yang GX, Boerkoel CF, Patel MS, Lehman A, Terry J, Elbert A. NOTCH1 loss of the TAD and PEST domain: An antimorph? Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:1593-1598. [PMID: 36866832 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
The Notch proteins play key roles in cell fate determination during development. Germline pathogenic variants in NOTCH1 predispose to a spectrum of cardiovascular malformations including Adams-Oliver syndrome and a wide variety of isolated complex and simple congenital heart defects. The intracellular C-terminus of the single-pass transmembrane receptor encoded by NOTCH1 contains a transcriptional activating domain (TAD) required for target gene activation and a PEST domain (a sequence rich in proline, glutamic acid, serine, and threonine), regulating protein stability and turnover. We present a patient with a novel variant encoding a truncated NOTCH1 protein without the TAD and PEST domain (NM_017617.4: c.[6626_6629del];[=], p.(Tyr2209CysfsTer38)) and extensive cardiovascular abnormalities consistent with a NOTCH1-mediated mechanism. This variant fails to promote transcription of target genes as assessed by luciferase reporter assay. Given the roles of the TAD and PEST domains in NOTCH1 function and regulation, we hypothesize that loss of both the TAD and the PEST domain results in a stable, loss-of-function protein that acts as an antimorph through competition with wild-type NOTCH1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Boerkoel
- MD Undergraduate Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephanie Huynh
- Provincial Medical Genetics Program, B.C. Women's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gui Xiang Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cornelius F Boerkoel
- Provincial Medical Genetics Program, B.C. Women's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Millan S Patel
- Provincial Medical Genetics Program, B.C. Women's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anna Lehman
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jefferson Terry
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adrienne Elbert
- Provincial Medical Genetics Program, B.C. Women's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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6
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Chin HL, Gazzaz N, Huynh S, Handra I, Warnock L, Moller-Hansen A, Boerkoel P, Jacobsen JOB, du Souich C, Zhang N, Shefchek K, Prentice LM, Washington N, Haendel M, Armstrong L, Clarke L, Li WL, Smedley D, Robinson PN, Boerkoel CF. The Clinical Variant Analysis Tool: Analyzing the evidence supporting reported genomic variation in clinical practice. Genet Med 2022; 24:1512-1522. [PMID: 35442193 PMCID: PMC9363005 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Genomic test results, regardless of laboratory variant classification, require clinical practitioners to judge the applicability of a variant for medical decisions. Teaching and standardizing clinical interpretation of genomic variation calls for a methodology or tool. METHODS To generate such a tool, we distilled the Clinical Genome Resource framework of causality and the American College of Medical Genetics/Association of Molecular Pathology and Quest Diagnostic Laboratory scoring of variant deleteriousness into the Clinical Variant Analysis Tool (CVAT). Applying this to 289 clinical exome reports, we compared the performance of junior practitioners with that of experienced medical geneticists and assessed the utility of reported variants. RESULTS CVAT enabled performance comparable to that of experienced medical geneticists. In total, 124 of 289 (42.9%) exome reports and 146 of 382 (38.2%) reported variants supported a diagnosis. Overall, 10.5% (1 pathogenic [P] or likely pathogenic [LP] variant and 39 variants of uncertain significance [VUS]) of variants were reported in genes without established disease association; 20.2% (23 P/LP and 54 VUS) were in genes without sufficient phenotypic concordance; 7.3% (15 P/LP and 13 VUS) conflicted with the known molecular disease mechanism; and 24% (91 VUS) had insufficient evidence for deleteriousness. CONCLUSION Implementation of CVAT standardized clinical interpretation of genomic variation and emphasized the need for collaborative and transparent reporting of genomic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lin Chin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Provincial Medical Genetics Program, Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nour Gazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Provincial Medical Genetics Program, Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stephanie Huynh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Provincial Medical Genetics Program, Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Iulia Handra
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Provincial Medical Genetics Program, Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lynn Warnock
- Provincial Medical Genetics Program, Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ashley Moller-Hansen
- Provincial Medical Genetics Program, Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pierre Boerkoel
- MD Undergraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julius O B Jacobsen
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christèle du Souich
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Kent Shefchek
- Oregon Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Leah M Prentice
- Provincial Laboratory Medicine Services, Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Melissa Haendel
- Oregon Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Linlea Armstrong
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Provincial Medical Genetics Program, Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lorne Clarke
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Provincial Medical Genetics Program, Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Damian Smedley
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Cornelius F Boerkoel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Provincial Medical Genetics Program, Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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7
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Boerkoel PK, Dixon K, Fitzsimons C, Shen Y, Huynh S, Schlade-Bartusiak K, Culibrk L, Chan S, Boerkoel CF, Jones SJM, Chin HL. Long-read genome sequencing resolves a complex 13q structural variant associated with syndromic anophthalmia. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:1589-1594. [PMID: 35122461 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma (MAC) are a heterogeneous spectrum of anomalous eye development and degeneration with genetic and environmental etiologies. Structural and copy number variants of chromosome 13 have been implicated in MAC; however, the specific loci involved in disease pathogenesis have not been well-defined. Herein we report a newborn with syndromic degenerative anophthalmia and a complex de novo rearrangement of chromosome 13q. Long-read genome sequencing improved the resolution and clinical interpretation of a duplication-triplication/inversion-duplication (DUP-TRP/INV-DUP) and terminal deletion. Sequence features at the breakpoint junctions suggested microhomology-mediated break-induced replication (MMBIR) of the maternal chromosome as the origin. Comparing this rearrangement to previously reported copy number alterations in 13q, we refine a putative dosage-sensitive critical region for MAC that might provide new insights into its molecular etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre K Boerkoel
- MD Undergraduate Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katherine Dixon
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Yaoqing Shen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephanie Huynh
- Provincial Medical Genetics Program, Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kamilla Schlade-Bartusiak
- Department of Pathology, BC Children's Hospital, BC Women's Hospital & Health Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Luka Culibrk
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Simon Chan
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cornelius F Boerkoel
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Provincial Medical Genetics Program, Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hui-Lin Chin
- Provincial Medical Genetics Program, Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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8
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Chin HL, Huynh S, Ashkani J, Castaldo M, Dixon K, Selby K, Shen Y, Wright M, Boerkoel CF, Hendson G, Jones SJM. An infant with congenital respiratory insufficiency and diaphragmatic paralysis: A novel BICD2 phenotype? Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:926-930. [PMID: 34825470 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Monoallelic pathogenic variants in BICD2 are associated with autosomal dominant Spinal Muscular Atrophy Lower Extremity Predominant 2A and 2B (SMALED2A, SMALED2B). As part of the cellular vesicular transport, complex BICD2 facilitates the flow of constitutive secretory cargoes from the trans-Golgi network, and its dysfunction results in motor neuron loss. The reported phenotypes among patients with SMALED2A and SMALED2B range from a congenital onset disorder of respiratory insufficiency, arthrogryposis, and proximal or distal limb weakness to an adult-onset disorder of limb weakness and contractures. We report an infant with congenital respiratory insufficiency requiring mechanical ventilation, congenital diaphragmatic paralysis, decreased lung volume, and single finger camptodactyly. The infant displayed appropriate antigravity limb movements but had radiological, electrophysiological, and histopathological evidence of myopathy. Exome sequencing and long-read whole-genome sequencing detected a novel de novo BICD2 variant (NM_001003800.1:c.[1543G>A];[=]). This is predicted to encode p.(Glu515Lys); p.Glu515 is located in the coiled-coil 2 mutation hotspot. We hypothesize that this novel phenotype of diaphragmatic paralysis without clear appendicular muscle weakness and contractures of large joints is a presentation of BICD2-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lin Chin
- Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephanie Huynh
- Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jahanshah Ashkani
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael Castaldo
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katherine Dixon
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kathryn Selby
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yaoqing Shen
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marie Wright
- Division of Respirology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and Children's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cornelius F Boerkoel
- Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Glenda Hendson
- Department of Pathology, BC Children's Hospital, BC Women's Hospital and Health Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steven J M Jones
- Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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9
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Moller-Hansen A, Huynh S, Boerkoel CF, Chin HL. Mesenteric cysts, lymphatic leak, and cerebral cavernous malformation in a proband with KRIT1-related disease. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:332-335. [PMID: 34558799 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) of the central nervous system arise sporadically or secondary to genomic variation. Established genetic etiologies include deleterious variants in KRIT1 (CCM1), malcavernin (CCM2), and PDCD10 (CCM3). KRIT1-related disease has not been described in conjunction with lymphatic defects, although lymphatic defects with abnormal endothelial cell junctions have been observed in mice deficient in HEG1-KRIT1 signaling. We report a proband with CCMs, multiple chylous mesenteric cysts, and chylous ascites with leaky lymphatic vasculature. Clinical short-read exome sequencing detected a disease-associated KRIT1 variant (NM_194456.1:c.[1927C>T];[=], p.(Gln643*)). We postulate an expansion of KRIT1-related disease to include lymphatic malformations and lymphatic endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Moller-Hansen
- Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephanie Huynh
- Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cornelius F Boerkoel
- Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hui-Lin Chin
- Department of Medical Genetics and Provincial Medical Genetics Program, University of British Columbia and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore
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10
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Huynh S, Lee L, Haskell T. PNS67 The Humanistic Burden of Caregiving in China, Japan, and the US. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Abstract
The use of remote health care services, or telehealth, is a promising solution for providing health care to those unable to access care in person easily and thus helping to reduce health inequalities. The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting stay-at-home orders in the United States have created an optimal situation for the use of telehealth services for non-life-threatening health care use. A retrospective cohort study was performed using Kantar's Claritis™ database, which links insurance claims encounters (Komodo Health) with patient-reported data (Kantar Health, National Health & Wellness Survey). Logistic regression models (odds ratios [OR], 95% confidence intervals [CI]) examined predictors of telehealth versus in-person encounters. Adults ages ≥18 years eligible for payer-complete health care encounters in both March 2019 and March 2020 were identified (n = 35,376). Telehealth use increased from 0.2% in 2019 to 1.9% in 2020. In adjusted models of respondents with ≥1 health care encounter (n = 11,614), age, marital status, geographic residence (region; urban/rural), and presence of anxiety or depression were significant predictors of telehealth compared with in-person use in March 2020. For example, adults 45-46 years versus 18-44 years were less likely to use telehealth (OR 0.684, 95% CI: 0.561-0.834), and respondents living in urban versus rural areas were more likely to use telehealth (OR 1.543, 95% CI: 1.153-2.067). Substantial increases in telehealth use were observed during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States; however, disparities existed. These inequalities represent the baseline landscape that population health management must monitor and address during this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lulu Lee
- Health Division, Kantar, San Mateo, California, USA
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Abstract
Objective: To examine the potential sociodemographic disparities in type 2 diabetes (T2D) management and care among US adult individuals, after controlling for clinical and behavioral factors.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of individuals with T2D (N = 4552) from a linked database of the National Health and Wellness Survey and a large US ambulatory electronic health record (EHR) database. This study period was between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2018 and individuals were followed up for at least 6 months through EHR after the completion of the survey. The sociodemographic characteristics included gender, race, ethnicity, marital status, education, employment status, household income, insurance status, and geographic region. The independent variables included testing and control of HbA1c, blood pressure (BP), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C); hypoglycemia, emergency room (ER) visits, and all-cause hospitalization. Multivariable analyses were conducted using generalized linear models.Results: The percentage of uncontrolled HbA1c was 38.6%. With clinical and behavioral characteristics adjusted, individuals living in the Northeast region had 30% higher odds of having HbA1c testing than those who lived in the South. Blacks and Asians were less likely to have HbA1c control than Whites. Uninsured individuals had a lower likelihood of receiving HbA1c, BP, or LDL-C testing compared with commercial insurers. Individuals with low income were more likely to have higher ER visits and hospitalizations.Conclusion: Potential sociodemographic disparities exist in T2D management and care in the US, indicating the needs for improvement in healthcare access, educational and behavioral programs, as well as disease and treatment management in these subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Tan
- Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
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Huynh S, Baroudjian B, Allayous C, Ballon A, Herms F, Basset-Seguin N, Mourah S, Madelaine I, Lebbé C, Delyon J. Combinaison d’un anti-PD1 à une thérapie ciblant BRAF dans le traitement du mélanome métastatique : série de 9 cas. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2018.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Azam S, Lange T, Huynh S, Aro AR, von Euler-Chelpin M, Vejborg I, Tjønneland A, Lynge E, Andersen ZJ. Hormone replacement therapy, mammographic density, and breast cancer risk: a cohort study. Cancer Causes Control 2018; 29:495-505. [PMID: 29671181 PMCID: PMC5938298 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-018-1033-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use increases breast cancer risk and mammographic density (MD). We examine whether MD mediates or modifies the association of HRT with the breast cancer. Methods For the 4,501 participants in the Danish diet, cancer and health cohort (1993–1997) who attended mammographic screening in Copenhagen (1993–2001), MD (mixed/dense or fatty) was assessed at the first screening after cohort entry. HRT use was assessed by questionnaire and breast cancer diagnoses until 2012 obtained from the Danish cancer registry. The associations of HRT with MD and with breast cancer were analyzed separately using Cox’s regression. Mediation analyses were used to estimate proportion [with 95% confidence intervals (CI)] of an association between HRT and breast cancer mediated by MD. Results 2,444 (54.3%) women had mixed/dense breasts, 229 (5.4%) developed breast cancer, and 35.9% were current HRT users at enrollment. Compared to never users, current HRT use was statistically significantly associated with having mixed/dense breasts (relative risk and 95% CI 1.24; 1.14–1.35), and higher risk of breast cancer (hazard ratio 1.87; 1.40–2.48). Association between current HRT use and breast cancer risk was partially mediated by MD (percent mediated = 10%; 95% CI 4–22%). The current HRT use-related breast cancer risk was higher in women with mixed/dense (1.94; 1.37–3.87) than fatty (1.37; 0.80–2.35) breasts (p value for interaction = 0.15). Conclusions MD partially mediates some of the association between HRT and breast cancer risk. The association between HRT and breast cancer seems to be stronger in women with dense breasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Azam
- Unit for Health Promotion, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Vej 9, 6700, Esbjerg, Denmark.
| | - Theis Lange
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Statistical Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Stephanie Huynh
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Neuroscience, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusets, USA.,Danish Institute for Study Abroad, Vestergade 5-7, 1456, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arja R Aro
- Unit for Health Promotion, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrs Vej 9, 6700, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - My von Euler-Chelpin
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ilse Vejborg
- Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elsebeth Lynge
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zorana J Andersen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Thilakarathna SH, Rogers M, Lan Y, Huynh S, Marangoni AG, Robinson LE, Wright AJ. Investigations of in vitro bioaccessibility from interesterified stearic and oleic acid-rich blends. Food Funct 2016; 7:1932-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01272d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interesterification was previously found to impact stearic acid absorption in a randomized cross-over study, when human volunteers consumed a 70 : 30 wt% high-oleic sunflower and canola stearin blend (NIE) compared to the same blend which had undergone either chemical (CIE) or enzymatic (EIE) interesterification.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. H. Thilakarathna
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences
- University of Guelph
- Guelph ON N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - M. Rogers
- Department of Food Science
- University of Guelph
- Guelph
- N1G 2W1 Canada
- New Jersey Institute of Food
| | - Y. Lan
- New Jersey Institute of Food
- Nutrition
- and Health
- Department of Food Science
- Rutgers
| | - S. Huynh
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences
- University of Guelph
- Guelph ON N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - A. G. Marangoni
- Department of Food Science
- University of Guelph
- Guelph
- N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - L. E. Robinson
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences
- University of Guelph
- Guelph ON N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - A. J. Wright
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences
- University of Guelph
- Guelph ON N1G 2W1 Canada
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Huynh S, von Euler-Chelpin M, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Hertel O, Tjønneland A, Lynge E, Vejborg I, Andersen ZJ. Long-term exposure to air pollution and mammographic density in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort. Environ Health 2015; 14:31. [PMID: 25879829 PMCID: PMC4392475 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-015-0017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence suggests that air pollution may be a risk factor for breast cancer, but the biological mechanism remains unknown. High mammographic density (MD) is one of the strongest predictors and biomarkers of breast cancer risk, but it has yet to be linked to air pollution. We investigated the association between long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and MD in a prospective cohort of women 50 years and older. METHODS For the 4,769 women (3,930 postmenopausal) participants in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort (1993-1997) who attended mammographic screening in Copenhagen (1993-2001), we used MD assessed at the first screening after cohort entry. MD was defined as mixed/dense or fatty. Traffic-related air pollution at residence was assessed by modeled levels of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The association between mean NOx and NO2 levels since 1971 until cohort baseline (1993-97) and MD was analyzed using logistic regression, adjusting for confounders, and separately by menopause, smoking status, and obesity. RESULTS We found inverse, statistically borderline significant associations between long-term exposure to air pollution and having mixed/dense MD in our fully adjusted model (OR; 95% CI: 0.96; 0.93-1.01 per 20 μg/m(3) of NOx and 0.89; 0.80- 0.98 per 10 μg/m(3) of NO2). There was no interaction with menopause, smoking, or obesity. CONCLUSION Traffic-related air pollution exposure does not increase MD, indicating that if air pollution increases breast cancer risk, it is not via MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Huynh
- Center for Epidemiology and Screening, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Neuroscience, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - My von Euler-Chelpin
- Center for Epidemiology and Screening, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Ole Hertel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Center for Cancer Research, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Elsebeth Lynge
- Center for Epidemiology and Screening, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ilse Vejborg
- Diagnostic Imaging Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Zorana J Andersen
- Center for Epidemiology and Screening, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Huynh S, Menzies S, Khurana T, Lin T, Yan L, N. deVore, Slater J, Rabin R. Radial Immunodiffusion (RID) to Sandwich ELISA for the Quantitation of Fel d 1 and Amb a 1 in Cat and Short Ragweed Pollen Allergenic Extracts. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Commandeur D, Giacardi C, Danguy Des Deserts M, Huynh S, Buguet-Brown ML, Ould-Ahmed M, Drouillard I. [Monitoring vancomycin in an intensive care unit: A retrospective survey on 66 patients]. Med Mal Infect 2011; 41:410-4. [PMID: 21458937 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2011.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study objectives were to check whether recommended vancomycin doses were related to pharmacological objectives for intensive care patients: steady-state plasma concentration (SSc) and ratio SSc/MIC (Minimal Inhibiting Concentration). The authors tried to identify variability factors for vancomycin plasmatic concentrations at peak. PATIENTS AND METHODS This monocentric, observational, and retrospective survey was performed on 66 intensive care patients treated by antibiotics including vancomycin, alone or in combination, as a curative treatment for a severe infection with Gram-positive bacteria. Vancomycin was dosed at 15mg/kg during the first hour, then 40 to 60mg/kg per 24hour. Vancomycin SSc and bacteria MIC were recorded. The SSc/MIC ratio was determined and was considered efficient when superior to 8. RESULTS Forty-two percent of vancomycin SSc were within the effectiveness rate. Twenty-three percent of SSc/MIC ratios were superior to 8. The rate of clinical recovery was 71 %. The length of antibiotherapy was identified as positively interacting with biological effectiveness, unlike severe sepsis, a factor of negative interaction on vancomycin SSc in this study. CONCLUSION Less than half of the SSc and less than a quarter of the SSc/MIC ratios were at effective rates in our study. Therefore, adequacy between dosage, administration, and monitoring should be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Commandeur
- Fédération d'anesthésie-réanimation-urgences, hôpital d'instruction des armées Clermont-Tonnerre, BCRM de Brest, CC 41, 29240 Brest cedex 9, France.
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Healy B, Huynh S, Mullane N, O'Brien S, Iversen C, Lehner A, Stephan R, Parker C, Fanning S. Microarray-based comparative genomic indexing of the Cronobacter genus (Enterobacter sakazakii). Int J Food Microbiol 2009; 136:159-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2009] [Revised: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 07/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to obtain preliminary data on pathological gambling rates within a metropolitan Chinese community to determine if more costly extensive epidemiological surveys were justified. Two thousand survey questionnaires were distributed to parents through children attending a local Chinese speaking school. A response rate of 27.4% was obtained. Over a quarter of respondents were born overseas in either Mainland China or Hong Kong. Results indicated that gambling was not a popular activity with 60.0% of respondents stating that they never gambled. Of those who gambled, a third of respondents identified lotto as the preferred form. Using a Chinese translation version of the SOGS and a cut-off score of 10, a prevalence estimate of 2.9% for pathological gambling was found with males showing a higher rate (4.3%) as compared to females (1.6%). Respondents reporting a prior history of gambling in their country of origin were more likely to be classified as probable pathological gamblers. Despite the use of a sample of convenience, changes to the wording of two items in the Chinese translation of the SOGS and the possibility of false positive cases in the present study, it is concluded that further research into problem gambling in this community should be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Blaszczynski
- Psychiatry Research & Teaching Unit, University of New South Wales, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool NSW 2170, Australia
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Oulhaj H, Huynh S, Langris M, Barbey P, Bocquet J. Synthesis and distribution of rat Sertoli cell proteoglycans are modulated by linoleate and vitamin E. Biochem Mol Biol Int 1993; 31:305-14. [PMID: 8275018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In rat Sertoli cells, linoleate addition modified cell membrane fatty acid composition and changes depended on linoleate concentrations. In presence of the lowest 18:2 n-6 concentrations (2.5 and 7.5 microM), decrease in proteoglycan synthesis paralleled increase in n-6 linoleate-derived metabolites. At high concentration (21 microM), linoleate accumulated in membranes and level of n-6 linoleate-derived metabolites returned to basal value, without change in proteoglycan synthesis. Linoleate modified proteoglycan distribution in Sertoli cells by an increase in peripheral proteoglycans and a concomitant decrease in medium proteoglycans. Vitamin E (100 microM) did not alter fatty acid composition in control and linoleate-treated cells, but enhanced proteoglycan production. Furthermore, this agent counteracted linoleate-induced modifications in proteoglycan cell distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Oulhaj
- Departement de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences de Meknès, Maroc
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22
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Abstract
1. The biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of the n-6 and n-3 series was investigated in cultured Sertoli cells. 18:2n-6, 18:3n-6, 20:2n-6, 18:3n-3 and 20:3n-3 were added individually at a concentration of 20 mumol to culture media. 2. Maximum incorporation of 20- and 22-carbon PUFA into membrane lipids was observed after 72 hr of incubation with all the exogenous substrates used. 3. As reported in other cell systems, the delta 6 desaturation was the first rate-limiting step; the major factor regulating this activity was the concentration of linoleic acid or alpha-linolenic acid in the medium. 4. Our data show that the delta 5-desaturation represents a second regulatory step in PUFA biosynthesis. 5. The sum of n-6 and n-3 PUFA of the 22 carbon chain length constantly represented between 11 and 12% of total fatty acids, regardless of the exogenous substrate used. 6. Our kinetic studies of the incorporation of PUFA of the n-6 and n-3 series did not permit detection of a delta 8 desaturase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Oulhaj
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, URA CNRS 609, Université de Caen, France
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Huynh S, Oulhaj H, Bocquet J, Nouvelot A. Metabolic utilization of linoleate and alpha-linolenate in cultured Sertoli cells. Comp Biochem Physiol B 1991; 99:265-70. [PMID: 1684926 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(91)90039-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
1. The capacity of cultured Sertoli cells to synthesize long-chain polyunsatured fatty acids (PUFA) from the essential fatty acid (EFA) precursors 18:2 n-6 and 18:3 n-3 was tested, and the concentrations of each EFA required to obtain maximal incorporation into membrane lipids were determined. 2. The two EFA were added to the culture medium as free fatty acids complexed to albumin in a molar ratio of 12:1. 3. When the substrates were added individually, the maximal levels of biosynthesis were obtained with 0.7 micrograms/ml of 18:2 n-6 and 2 micrograms/ml of 18:3 n-3. 4. When the two EFA were added together, clear alterations in the behavior of the desaturases with regard to the n-6 and n-3 fatty acids were observed. 5. It was found that a concentration of 0.35 micrograms/ml of each EFA represented the "ideal" required level in order to ensure optimal incorporation of 22-carbon PUFA into the membrane lipids. 6. These results provide the first data on the definition of EFA requirements for Sertoli cells in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Huynh
- Laboratoire de biochimie, URA CNRS 609, Université Caen, France
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Huynh CH, Huynh S, Jacquet J, Boivinet P. [Interaction of two isomers, N-nitrosomethylphenylamine, N-nitroso derivative, and p-nitrosomethylaniline with microorganisms]. C R Acad Hebd Seances Acad Sci D 1978; 286:233-6. [PMID: 417873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There exists a relationship between the chemical structure C--NO or N--NO and biological effects. p-nitrosomethylaniline, a C-nitroso compound, in contrast to its isomer, N-nitrosomethylphenylamine, a N-nitroso derivate, shows a marked action against microoganisms and is, alone, reduced enzymatically.
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