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Kim HJ, Cha S, Choi JS, Lee JY, Kim KE, Kim JK, Kim J, Moon SY, Lee SHS, Park K, Won SY. scAAV2-Mediated Expression of Thioredoxin 2 and C3 Transferase Prevents Retinal Ganglion Cell Death and Lowers Intraocular Pressure in a Mouse Model of Glaucoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16253. [PMID: 38003443 PMCID: PMC10671512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma causes retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss and damage to the optic nerve. Although IOP is controlled pharmacologically, no treatment is available to restore retinal and optic nerve function. In this paper, we aimed to develop a novel gene therapy for glaucoma using an AAV2-based thioredoxin 2 (Trx2)-exoenzyme C3 transferase (C3) fusion protein expression vector (scAAV2-Trx2-C3). We evaluated the therapeutic effects of this vector in vitro and in vivo using dexamethasone (DEX)-induced glaucoma models. We found that scAAV2-Trx2-C3-treated HeLa cells had significantly reduced GTP-bound active RhoA and increased phosphor-cofilin Ser3 protein expression levels. scAAV2-Trx2-C3 was also shown to inhibit oxidative stress, fibronectin expression, and alpha-SMA expression in DEX-treated HeLa cells. NeuN immunostaining and TUNEL assay in mouse retinal tissues was performed to evaluate its neuroprotective effect upon RGCs, whereas changes in mouse IOP were monitored via rebound tonometer. The present study showed that scAAV2-Trx2-C3 can protect RGCs from degeneration and reduce IOP in a DEX-induced mouse model of glaucoma, while immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of fibronectin and alpha-SMA was decreased after the transduction of scAAV2-Trx2-C3 in murine eye tissues. Our results suggest that AAV2-Trx2-C3 modulates the outflow resistance of the trabecular meshwork, protects retinal and other ocular tissues from oxidative damage, and may lead to the development of a gene therapeutic for glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jong Kim
- Institute of New Drug Development Research, Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Seoul 05855, Republic of Korea; (H.J.K.); (S.C.); (J.-S.C.); (J.K.K.); (J.K.); (S.Y.M.); (S.H.S.L.); (K.P.)
- Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28577, Republic of Korea
| | - Seho Cha
- Institute of New Drug Development Research, Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Seoul 05855, Republic of Korea; (H.J.K.); (S.C.); (J.-S.C.); (J.K.K.); (J.K.); (S.Y.M.); (S.H.S.L.); (K.P.)
- Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28577, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Sub Choi
- Institute of New Drug Development Research, Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Seoul 05855, Republic of Korea; (H.J.K.); (S.C.); (J.-S.C.); (J.K.K.); (J.K.); (S.Y.M.); (S.H.S.L.); (K.P.)
- Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28577, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Yong Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (K.E.K.)
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ko Eun Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (K.E.K.)
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kwon Kim
- Institute of New Drug Development Research, Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Seoul 05855, Republic of Korea; (H.J.K.); (S.C.); (J.-S.C.); (J.K.K.); (J.K.); (S.Y.M.); (S.H.S.L.); (K.P.)
- Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28577, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- Institute of New Drug Development Research, Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Seoul 05855, Republic of Korea; (H.J.K.); (S.C.); (J.-S.C.); (J.K.K.); (J.K.); (S.Y.M.); (S.H.S.L.); (K.P.)
- Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28577, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yun Moon
- Institute of New Drug Development Research, Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Seoul 05855, Republic of Korea; (H.J.K.); (S.C.); (J.-S.C.); (J.K.K.); (J.K.); (S.Y.M.); (S.H.S.L.); (K.P.)
- Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28577, Republic of Korea
| | - Steven Hyun Seung Lee
- Institute of New Drug Development Research, Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Seoul 05855, Republic of Korea; (H.J.K.); (S.C.); (J.-S.C.); (J.K.K.); (J.K.); (S.Y.M.); (S.H.S.L.); (K.P.)
- Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28577, Republic of Korea
| | - Keerang Park
- Institute of New Drug Development Research, Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Seoul 05855, Republic of Korea; (H.J.K.); (S.C.); (J.-S.C.); (J.K.K.); (J.K.); (S.Y.M.); (S.H.S.L.); (K.P.)
- Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28577, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yoon Won
- Institute of New Drug Development Research, Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Seoul 05855, Republic of Korea; (H.J.K.); (S.C.); (J.-S.C.); (J.K.K.); (J.K.); (S.Y.M.); (S.H.S.L.); (K.P.)
- Cdmogen Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28577, Republic of Korea
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Cha S, Seo WI, Woo HN, Kim HJ, Lee SHS, Kim J, Choi JS, Park K, Lee JY, Lee BJ, Lee H. AAV expressing an mTOR-inhibiting siRNA exhibits therapeutic potential in retinal vascular disorders by preserving endothelial integrity. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 12:71-81. [PMID: 34431239 PMCID: PMC8727948 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Expanding on previous demonstrations of the therapeutic effects of adeno‐associated virus (AAV) carrying small‐hairpin RNA (shRNA) in downregulating the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) in in vivo retinal vascular disorders, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐stimulated endothelial cells were treated with AAV2‐shmTOR to examine the role of mTOR inhibition in retinal angiogenesis. AAV2‐shmTOR exposure significantly reduced mTOR expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and decreased downstream signaling cascades of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2 under VEGF treatment. Moreover, the angiogenic potential of VEGF was significantly inhibited by AAV2‐shmTOR, which preserved endothelial integrity by maintaining tight junctions between HUVECs. These data thus support previous in vivo studies and provide evidence that AAV2‐shmTOR induces therapeutic effects by inhibiting the neovascularization of endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seho Cha
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju, Korea
| | - Won-Il Seo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ha-Na Woo
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea.,Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jong Kim
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju, Korea
| | - Steven Hyun Seung Lee
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jun-Sub Choi
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju, Korea
| | - Keerang Park
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju, Korea
| | - Joo Yong Lee
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Jun Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Heuiran Lee
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee SHS, Chang H, Kim JH, Kim HJ, Choi JS, Chung S, Woo HN, Lee KJ, Park K, Lee JY, Lee H. Inhibition of mTOR via an AAV-Delivered shRNA Tested in a Rat OIR Model as a Potential Antiangiogenic Gene Therapy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:45. [PMID: 32106292 PMCID: PMC7329967 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.2.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recent studies have shown that inhibitors of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) play important roles in proliferating endothelial cells within the retinal vasculature. Here we explore the effects of inhibiting mTOR as a potential gene therapeutic against pathological retinal angiogenesis in a rat model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Methods Sprague-Dawley pups were used to generate the OIR model, with a recombinant adeno-associated virus expressing an shRNA (rAAV2-shmTOR-GFP) being administered via intravitreal injection on returning the rats to normoxia, with appropriate controls. Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assays, as well as fluorescein angiography, were performed on transverse retinal sections and flat mounts, respectively, to determine the in vivo effects of mTOR inhibition. Results Compared with normal control rats, as well as OIR model animals that were either untreated (20.95 ± 6.85), mock-treated (14.50 ± 2.47), or injected with a control short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-containing virus vector (16.64 ± 4.92), rAAV2-shmTOR-GFP (4.28 ± 2.86, P = 0.00103) treatment resulted in dramatically reduced neovascularization as a percentage of total retinal area. These results mirrored quantifications of retinal avascular area and vessel tortuosity, with rAAV2-shmTOR-GFP exhibiting significantly greater therapeutic efficacy than the other treatments. The virus vector was additionally shown to reduce inflammatory cell infiltration into retinal tissue and possess antiapoptotic properties, both these processes having been implicated in the pathophysiology of angiogenic retinal disorders. Conclusions Taken together, these results demonstrate the strong promise of rAAV2-shmTOR-GFP as an effective and convenient gene therapy for the treatment of neovascular retinal diseases.
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Lee SHS, Chang H, Kim HJ, Choi JS, Kim J, Kim JH, Woo HN, Nah SK, Jung SJ, Lee JY, Park K, Park TK, Lee H. Effects of Stuffer DNA on the Suppression of Choroidal Neovascularization by a rAAV Expressing a mTOR-Inhibiting shRNA. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2019; 14:171-179. [PMID: 31380463 PMCID: PMC6661460 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the defining characteristic of the wet subtype of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which is a rapidly growing global health problem. Previously, we had demonstrated the therapeutic potential of gene therapy against CNV using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) delivered via recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV), which abrogates mammalian-to-mechanistic (mTOR) activity in a novel manner by simultaneously inhibiting both mTOR complexes. Both the target and use of gene therapy represent a novel treatment modality against AMD. Here, the xenogeneic GFP gene used as a reporter in previous studies was removed from the virus vector to further develop the therapeutic for clinical trials. Instead, a stuffer DNA derived from the 3′ UTR of the human UBE3A gene was used to ensure optimal viral genome size for efficient rAAV assembly. The virus vector containing the stuffer DNA, rAAV2-shmTOR-SD, positively compares to one encoding the shRNA and a GFP expression cassette in terms of reducing CNV in a laser-induced mouse model, as determined by fundus fluorescein angiography. These results were confirmed via immunohistochemistry using anti-CD31, while a TUNEL assay showed that rAAV2-shmTOR-SD possesses anti-apoptotic properties as well. The qualities exhibited by rAAV2-shmTOR-SD demonstrate its potential as a human gene therapeutic for the treatment of wet AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Hyun Seung Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - HeeSoon Chang
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28578, Korea
| | - Hee Jong Kim
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28578, Korea
| | - Jun-Sub Choi
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28578, Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju 28578, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Ha-Na Woo
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Seung Kwan Nah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Bucheon 14584, Korea
| | - Sang Joon Jung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Bucheon 14584, Korea
| | - Joo Yong Lee
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Keerang Park
- Department of Biopharmacy, Chungbuk Health & Science University, Cheongju 28150, Korea
| | - Tae Kwann Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Bucheon 14584, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea
- Corresponding author: Tae Kwann Park, MD, PhD, Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, 170, Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon 14584, Korea.
| | - Heuiran Lee
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Corresponding author: Heuiran Lee, PhD, Department of Microbiology and Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea.
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Park S, Lee SHS, Lee WI, Choi R, Kim SW, Woo HN, Lee H. MicroRNA expression profiling of adult hippocampal neural stem cells upon cell death reveals an autophagic cell death-like pattern. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 509:674-679. [PMID: 30612732 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neural (HCN) stem cells promptly undergo irreversible autophagic cell death (ACD) if deprived of insulin in culture. Small, non-coding microRNAs (miRNA) play an important role in regulating biological processes, including proliferation and cell death. However, there have been no reports thus far regarding miRNA involvement in the induction of adult HCN stem cell death under insulin-deprived conditions, for which we performed a microarray-based analysis to examine the expression signature of miRNAs in adult rat HCN stem cells. Three independent specimens per culture condition either with or without insulin were prepared and a miRNA microarray analysis carried out. A total of 12 exhibited significantly altered expression levels upon cell death due to the absence of insulin when compared to HCN stem cells cultured with insulin present (cut-off limit; p < 0.05 and fold-change >1.3) The resulting volcano plot showed that, among these miRNAs, seven were upregulated and five were downregulated. The upregulated miRNAs were capable of modulating HCN stem cell death. Caspase-3 activity analysis, LC3 conversion, and TEM of autophagosome formation consistently suggested that ACD, not apoptosis, was most likely the mechanism affecting HCN cell death. As such, we have come to term these miRNAs, "HCN stem cell-specific autophagic cell death regulators." Taken together, our data suggest that the miRNA expression profile of HCN stem cells is altered during ACD occurring due to insulin deprivation and that differentially expressed miRNAs are involved in HCN stem cell viability. Detailed explorations of the underlying mechanisms regarding HCN stem cell viability modulation by these miRNAs would be beneficial in further understanding the physiological features of adult HCN stem cells and are currently being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeong Park
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Steven Hyun Seung Lee
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Il Lee
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rachelle Choi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong Who Kim
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Stem Cell Immunomodulation Research Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ha-Na Woo
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Heuiran Lee
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Lee SHS, Kim HJ, Shin OK, Choi JS, Kim J, Cho YH, Ha J, Park TK, Lee JY, Park K, Lee H. Intravitreal Injection of AAV Expressing Soluble VEGF Receptor-1 Variant Induces Anti-VEGF Activity and Suppresses Choroidal Neovascularization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 59:5398-5407. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-24926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Hyun Seung Lee
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jong Kim
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju, Korea
| | - Oh Kyu Shin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jun-Sub Choi
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- CuroGene Life Sciences Co., Ltd., Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young-Hwa Cho
- Department of Biopharmacy, Chungbuk Health & Science University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Joohun Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Kwann Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Bucheon, Bucheon, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Joo Yong Lee
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keerang Park
- Department of Biopharmacy, Chungbuk Health & Science University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Heuiran Lee
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Murphy MG, Crocker JFS, O'Regan P, Lee SHS, Geldenhuys L, Dooley K, Al-Khalidi M, Acott PD. Carnitine, acylcarnitine and amino acid profiles analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry in a surfactant/virus mouse model of acute hepatic encephalopathy. Chemosphere 2007; 68:1692-8. [PMID: 17498775 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2006] [Revised: 03/20/2007] [Accepted: 03/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was used to analyze multiple serum metabolites for the first time in a surfactant/virus mouse model of acute hepatic encephalopathy (AHE). AHE is characterized by acute liver failure that can lead to potentially lethal increases in intracranial pressure. We have reproduced AHE in young CD-1 mice exposed from postnatal day (P) 2-13 to the industrial surfactant, Toximul 3409F (Tox), and then infected intranasally on P14 with sublethal doses (LD(10-30)) of mouse-adapted human influenza B (Lee) virus (FluB). The sera analyzed by MS/MS were from mice exhibiting typical markers of Tox-mediated potentiation of viral illness, including reduced weights and blood glucose levels. Most metabolite abnormalities were not evident until five days after viral infection (P19), the time corresponding to the onset of weight loss and mortality. Values for fatty acylcarnitines and amino acids in the Tox+FluB-treated mice were either additive or supra-additive relative to the effects of either treatment alone. Amino acid profiles were consistent with those reported for human AHE. None of the treated mice exhibited signs of carnitine deficiency, and propionylcarnitine levels were normal. On P19, mice given combined Tox+FluB treatment had significant increases in levels of both medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines (C6:0-C12:0 and C14:0-C20:0, respectively), including their monounsaturated metabolites. Levels of medium-chain dicarboxylic and long-chain hydroxy-acylcarnitines were also elevated in the combined treatment group. The results of this study indicate a diffuse mitochondrial dysfunction in Tox+FluB-treated mice that results in a serum metabolite profile unique from those observed in classic inherited metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Murphy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Rozee KR, Acott P, Lee SHS, Crocker JFS, Gough D, MacDonald J, Evans J, Murphy MG. Elevated anticardiolipin antibodies in acute liver failure. Biochim Biophys Acta 2003; 1637:183-6. [PMID: 12697298 DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4439(03)00034-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies to cardiolipin (aCLA), a phospholipid primarily localized in inner mitochondrial membranes, were transiently elevated (P<0.01) when mice were exposed to an industrial surfactant and then infected with influenza B virus, a model of acute liver failure (ALF). Children with ALF also had elevated levels of aCLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Rozee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, B3H 4H7, Halifax, Canada
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