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Pavlin J, Nagel TA, Svitok M, Di Filippo A, Mikac S, Keren S, Dikku A, Toromani E, Panayotov M, Zlatanov T, Haruta O, Dorog S, Chaskovskyy O, Bače R, Begović K, Buechling A, Dušátko M, Frankovič M, Janda P, Kameniar O, Kozák D, Marchand W, Mikoláš M, Rodrigo R, Svoboda M. Pathways and drivers of canopy accession across primary temperate forests of Europe. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:167593. [PMID: 37802334 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Canopy accession strategies reveal much about tree life histories and forest stand dynamics. However, the protracted nature of ascending to the canopy makes direct observation challenging. We use a reconstructive approach based on an extensive tree ring database to study the variability of canopy accession patterns of dominant tree species (Abies alba, Acer pseudoplatanus, Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies) in temperate mountain forests of Europe and elucidate how disturbance histories, climate, and topography affect canopy accession. All four species exhibited high variability of radial growth histories leading to canopy accession and indicated varying levels of shade tolerance. Individuals of all four species survived at least 100 years of initial suppression. Fir and particularly beech, however, survived longer periods of initial suppression, exhibited more release events, and reached the canopy later on average, with a larger share of trees accessing the canopy after initially suppressed growth. These results indicate the superior shade tolerance of beech and fir compared to spruce and maple. The two less shade-tolerant species conversely relied on faster growth rates, revealing their competitive advantage in non-suppressed conditions. Additionally, spruce from higher-elevation spruce-dominated forests survived shorter periods of initial shading and exhibited fewer releases, with a larger share of trees reaching the canopy after open canopy recruitment (i.e. in absence of suppression) and no subsequent releases compared to spruce growing in lower-elevation mixed forests. Finally, disturbance factors were identified as the primary driver of canopy accession, whereby disturbances accelerate canopy accession and consequently regulate competitive interactions. Intensifying disturbance regimes could thus promote shifts in species composition, particularly in favour of faster-growing, more light-demanding species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Pavlin
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Thomas A Nagel
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 83, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marek Svitok
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Biology and General Ecology, Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Technical University in Zvolen, Masaryka 24, 96053 Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Alfredo Di Filippo
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via SC de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Stjepan Mikac
- Department of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Srdjan Keren
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Elvin Toromani
- Faculty of Forestry Sciences, Agricultural University of Tirana, 1029 Koder-Kamez, Albania
| | - Momchil Panayotov
- Department of Dendrology, University of Forestry Sofia, Kliment Ohridski 10 Blvd., 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tzvetan Zlatanov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Gagarin Street 2, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ovidiu Haruta
- Forestry and Forest Engineering Department, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Sorin Dorog
- Forestry and Forest Engineering Department, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Oleh Chaskovskyy
- Institute of Forest Management, Ukrainian National Forestry University, Vul. Henerala Chuprynky 103, 79031 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Radek Bače
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Krešimir Begović
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Arne Buechling
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dušátko
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Frankovič
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Janda
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Kameniar
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Kozák
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - William Marchand
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Mikoláš
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ruffy Rodrigo
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Svoboda
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcka 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
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Mikac S, Žmegač A, Trlin D, Paulić V, Oršanić M, Anić I. Drought-induced shift in tree response to climate in floodplain forests of Southeastern Europe. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16495. [PMID: 30405173 PMCID: PMC6220280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34875-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Floodplain forests are the most rapidly disappearing ecosystem in the world, especially in temperate regions of Europe where anthropogenic influence has been pronounced throughout history. Research on primeval forests is crucial to further our understanding of their natural dynamics and interaction with climate but is limited by the lack of such preserved forests. The aim of this study was to investigate how a primeval floodplain forest in Southeastern Europe has responded to climate variability during the last 250 years through comparison of tree growth and climate, canopy disturbance and recruitment dynamic of two dominant tree species with different tolerances to flooding/drought. Our analysis revealed induced stress caused by several consecutive severe drought events in the 1940s, which led to a significant increase in sensitivity to increasing temperatures and decreasing river water levels. This trend is particularly pronounced in pedunculate oak. Age structure analysis revealed one larger episode of oak regeneration culminating after periods of intense growth release. Such period co-occurs with summer drought, which is part of a complex system of natural disturbances and a significant natural driver of the cyclical regeneration of primeval oak ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stjepan Mikac
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Svetošimunska 25, 10002, Zagreb, Croatia.
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Forestry, Croatian Dendroecology Laboratory, Svetošimunska 25, 10002, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Anja Žmegač
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Svetošimunska 25, 10002, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Forestry, Croatian Dendroecology Laboratory, Svetošimunska 25, 10002, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Domagoj Trlin
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Svetošimunska 25, 10002, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vinko Paulić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Svetošimunska 25, 10002, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Milan Oršanić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Svetošimunska 25, 10002, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Igor Anić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Svetošimunska 25, 10002, Zagreb, Croatia
- Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Zrinski trg 11, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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Sabatini FM, Burrascano S, Keeton WS, Levers C, Lindner M, Pötzschner F, Verkerk PJ, Bauhus J, Buchwald E, Chaskovsky O, Debaive N, Horváth F, Garbarino M, Grigoriadis N, Lombardi F, Marques Duarte I, Meyer P, Midteng R, Mikac S, Mikoláš M, Motta R, Mozgeris G, Nunes L, Panayotov M, Ódor P, Ruete A, Simovski B, Stillhard J, Svoboda M, Szwagrzyk J, Tikkanen OP, Volosyanchuk R, Vrska T, Zlatanov T, Kuemmerle T. Where are Europe’s last primary forests? DIVERS DISTRIB 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabina Burrascano
- Department of Environmental Biology; Sapienza, Università di Roma; Rome Italy
| | - William S. Keeton
- Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources; University of Vermont; Burlington Vermont USA
| | - Christian Levers
- Geography Department; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | | | | | | | - Jürgen Bauhus
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources; University of Freiburg; Freiburg Germany
| | | | - Oleh Chaskovsky
- Institute of Forest Management; National University of Forestry and Wood Technology; Lviv Ukraine
| | | | - Ferenc Horváth
- Institute of Ecology and Botany; MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót Hungary
| | - Matteo Garbarino
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA); University of Torino; Grugliasco Italy
| | | | - Fabio Lombardi
- Department of Agraria; Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria; Reggio Calabria Italy
| | - Inês Marques Duarte
- Centre for Applied Ecology “Professor Baeta Neves” (CEABN); InBio; School of Agriculture; University of Lisbon; Lisbon Portugal
| | - Peter Meyer
- Northwest German Forest Research Institute; Göttingen Germany
| | | | - Stjepan Mikac
- Faculty of Forestry; Department of Forest Ecology and Silviculture; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Martin Mikoláš
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague; Praha-Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - Renzo Motta
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA); University of Torino; Grugliasco Italy
| | - Gintautas Mozgeris
- Institute of Forest Management and Wood Science; Aleksandras Stulginskis University; Akademija Lithuania
| | - Leónia Nunes
- Centre for Applied Ecology “Professor Baeta Neves” (CEABN); InBio; School of Agriculture; University of Lisbon; Lisbon Portugal
- CITAB Centre of the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Science; University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro; Vila Real Portugal
| | | | - Peter Ódor
- Institute of Ecology and Botany; MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót Hungary
| | | | - Bojan Simovski
- Faculty of Forestry in Skopje; Department of Botany and Dendrology; Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje; Skopje Republic of Macedonia
| | - Jonas Stillhard
- WSL Swiss Federal Institute of Forest; Snow and Landscape Research; Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Svoboda
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague; Praha-Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - Jerzy Szwagrzyk
- Faculty of Forestry; Institute of Forest Ecology and Silviculture; University of Agriculture; Kraków Poland
| | | | | | - Tomas Vrska
- Forest Ecology Department; Silva Tarouca Research Institute; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Tzvetan Zlatanov
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Tobias Kuemmerle
- Geography Department; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Berlin Germany
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