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An JS, Lim BS, Ahn SJ. Managing oral biofilms to avoid enamel demineralization during fixed orthodontic treatment. Korean J Orthod 2023; 53:345-357. [PMID: 37989574 PMCID: PMC10663579 DOI: 10.4041/kjod23.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Enamel demineralization represents the most prevalent complication arising from fixed orthodontic treatment. Its main etiology is the development of cariogenic biofilms formed around orthodontic appliances. Ordinarily, oral biofilms exist in a dynamic equilibrium with the host's defense mechanisms. However, the equilibrium can be disrupted by environmental changes, such as the introduction of a fixed orthodontic appliance, resulting in a shift in the biofilm's microbial composition from non-pathogenic to pathogenic. This alteration leads to an increased prevalence of cariogenic bacteria, notably mutans streptococci, within the biofilm. This article examines the relationships between oral biofilms and orthodontic appliances, with a particular focus on strategies for effectively managing oral biofilms to mitigate enamel demineralization around orthodontic appliances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Sub An
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bum-Soon Lim
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Park SH, Kim K, Cho S, Chung DH, Ahn SJ. Variation in adhesion of Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in saliva-derived biofilms on raw materials of orthodontic brackets. Korean J Orthod 2022; 52:278-286. [PMID: 35678009 PMCID: PMC9314218 DOI: 10.4041/kjod21.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate differences in the adhesion levels of the most common oral pathogens, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, in human saliva-derived microcosm biofilms with respect to time and raw materials of orthodontic brackets. Methods The samples were classified into three groups of bracket materials 1) monocrystalline alumina ceramic (CR), 2) stainless steel metal (SS), and 3) polycarbonate plastic (PL), and a hydroxyapatite (HA) group was used to mimic the enamel surface. Saliva was collected from a healthy donor, and saliva-derived biofilms were grown on each sample. A real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to quantitatively evaluate differences in the attachment levels of total bacteria, S. mutans and P. gingivalis at days 1 and 4. Results Adhesion of S. mutans and P. gingivalis to CR and HA was higher than the other bracket materials (SS = PL < CR = HA). Total bacteria demonstrated higher adhesion to HA than to bracket materials, but no significant differences in adhesion were observed among the bracket materials (CR = SS = PL < HA). From days 1 to 4, the adhesion of P. gingivalis decreased, while that of S. mutans and total bacteria increased, regardless of material type. Conclusions The higher adhesion of oral pathogens, such as S. mutans and P. gingivalis to CR suggests that the use of CR brackets possibly facilitates gingival inflammation and enamel decalcification during orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hyun Park
- Department of Orthodontics, Dankook University Jukjeon Dental Hospital, Yongin, Korea
| | - Kyungsun Kim
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soha Cho
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Chung
- Department of Orthodontics, Dankook University Jukjeon Dental Hospital, Yongin, Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Chang MS, Choi JH, Yang IH, An JS, Heo MS, Ahn SJ. Association between Condylar Bone Density and Disk Displacement in the Temporomandibular Joint. J Clin Densitom 2022; 25:215-222. [PMID: 34391639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Measuring bone density (BD) is a common method of determining bone quality; however, the relationship between condylar BD and the occurrence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders has not been investigated. To address this knowledge gap, we aimed to investigate condylar BD in terms of TMJ disk displacement (TMJ DD) using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We classified TMJ MRI results according to the position of the disk: normal disk position (Normal), anterior disk displacement with reduction (ADDR), and anterior disk displacement without reduction (ADDNR). After retrospectively evaluating 86 female condyles, we determined the total, cortical, and trabecular BD in the upper-joint portion of the condyle and the whole condyle using CT data. To standardize condylar BD, we calculated the BD ratios by dividing the condylar BD by the cervical axis BD. The Kruskal-Wallis test analyzed the differences in BD measurements in the TMJ DD patient groups and showed significant between-group differences in condylar BD. The total and trabecular BD was significantly higher in ADDNR condyles than in Normal or ADDR condyles (Normal = ADDR < ADDNR). However, there was no significant difference in the cortical BD among the three TMJ DD groups. The BD ratios showed a similar tendency with condylar BD. These results suggest that increased condylar BD - specifically total and trabecular BD - may be significantly associated with ADDNR condyles. Our findings will help clinicians determine the course of treatment for patients with disk-related TMJ disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Chang
- Department of Orthodontics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il-Hyung Yang
- Department of Orthodontics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Sub An
- Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Suk Heo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Department of Orthodontics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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An JS, Seo BY, Ahn SJ. Differences in dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes due to rapid maxillary expansion using a tooth-borne expander between adolescents and adults: A retrospective observational study. Korean J Orthod 2022; 52:131-141. [PMID: 35321952 PMCID: PMC8964468 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2022.52.2.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes following conventional tooth-borne rapid maxillary expansion (RME) between adolescents and adults. Methods Dentoskeletal and soft tissue variables of 17 adolescents and 17 adults were analyzed on posteroanterior and lateral cephalograms and frontal photographs at pretreatment (T1) and after conventional RME using tooth-borne expanders (T2). Changes in variables within each group between T1 and T2 were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Mann–Whitney U test was used to determine the differences in the pretreatment age, expansion and post-expansion durations, and dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes after RME between the groups. Spearman’s correlation between pretreatment age and transverse dentoskeletal changes in the adolescent group was calculated. Results Despite similar amounts of expansion at the crown level in both groups, the adult group underwent less skeletal expansion with less intermolar root expansion after RME than the adolescent group. The skeletal vertical dimension increased significantly in both groups without significant intergroup difference. The anteroposterior position of the maxilla was maintained in both groups, while a greater backward displacement of the mandible was evident in the adult group than that in the adolescent group after RME. The soft tissue alar width increased in both groups without a significant intergroup difference. In the adolescent group, pretreatment age was not significantly correlated with transverse dentoskeletal changes. Conclusions Conventional RME may induce similar soft tissue changes but different dentoskeletal changes between adolescents and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Sub An
- Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo-Yeon Seo
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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An JS, Seo BY, Ahn SJ. Comparison of dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes between tooth-borne and tooth-bone-borne hybrid nonsurgical rapid maxillary expansions in adults: a retrospective observational study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:658. [PMID: 34922526 PMCID: PMC8684621 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-02008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the gradual increase in the use of rapid maxillary expansion (RME), specifically RME with the aid of skeletal anchorage in adults, there have been no reports comparing dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes between nonsurgical tooth-borne and tooth-bone-borne RMEs in adults. This study aimed to analyse differences in dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes between tooth-borne and tooth-bone-borne RMEs using a similar appliance design and the same expansion protocol in adult patients. METHODS Twenty-one patients with tooth-borne expansion (a conventional expansion screw with two premolars and two molar bands for dental anchorage [T-RME]) and the same number of patients with tooth-bone-borne hybrid expansion (a conventional expansion screw with two premolar and two molar bands for dental anchorage and four mini-implants in the palate for skeletal anchorage [H-RME]) were included. Dentoskeletal and soft tissue variables at pretreatment (T1) and after expansion (T2) were measured using posteroanterior and lateral cephalograms and frontal photographs. The sex distribution of the two groups was analysed using the chi-square test, and the change after RME in each group was evaluated using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Differences in pretreatment age, expansion duration, post-expansion duration, and dentoskeletal and soft tissue changes after RME between the two groups were determined using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the expansion protocol, pretreatment conditions, and sex distribution between the two groups. Despite similar degrees of dental expansion at the crown level between the two groups, H-RME induced increased skeletal and parallel expansion of the maxilla compared to T-RME. After expansion, H-RME demonstrated increased forward displacement of the maxilla without significant changes in the vertical dimension, while T-RME exhibited increased backward displacement of the mandible, increased vertical dimension, and decreased overbite. Both groups showed significant retroclination and extrusion of the maxillary incisors without significant intergroup differences. There were no significant soft tissue changes between the two groups. CONCLUSION This study suggests that using skeletal anchorage in RME may induce increased skeletal and parallel expansion of the maxilla without significant effects on the vertical dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Sub An
- Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, 101, Deahak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Yeon Seo
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101, Deahak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101, Deahak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Cho SG, Kim YH, Park HJ, Park KS, Kim JH, Ahn SJ, Bom HS. Prediction of radiation-related cardiotoxicity using F-18 FDG PET in non-small-cell lung cancer. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Radiation-related cardiotoxicity has been refocused nowadays as the follow-up was increased amomg the patients with advanced lung cancer. The early recognition of the occult cardiotoxicity enables the early intervention preventing clinically significant cardiac events or worsening of severity.
Purpose
We aim to search whether the F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) performed immediately after radiotherapy could predict the late cardiac events.
Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 133 patients with locally advanced, unresectable stage III NSCLC who underwent F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) immediately after CCRT for the response evaluation and survived at least for 6 months. Heart was recontoured according to the RTOG 0617 secondary analysis atlas for the dose volume analysis. Standardized uptake values (SUV) of the left ventricular myocardium were measured on FDG PET images. The patients were regularly followed up for the disease progression and complications. The primary end-point was the cardiac events grade ≥2 based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 5.0).
Results
FDG PET was performed at median interval of 11 days after CCRT. Fourty-two patients experienced cardiotoxicity during a median follow-up of 47 months (range, 12 – 123 months). In univariable analysis, mean heart dose, maximum SUV of the left ventricle (LV SUVmax), white blood cell count, and diabetes were associated with the risk of cardiotoxicity. In multivariable analysis, only higher mean heart dose (>11.1 Gy, hazard ratio 3.930 [95% confidence interval 1.933–7.988]; p=0.0002) and higher LV SUVmax (>12.84, 2.189 [1.162–4.124]; p=0.0152) were independently associated with increased risk of cardiotoxicity. In subgroup analyses, LV SUVmax remained predictive of cardiotoxicity among those with higher mean heart dose, but not among those with lower mean heart dose.
Conclusion
Early FDG PET after CCRT for NSCLC could predict the late cardiac events, especially in patients with high dose cardiac irradiation.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): This work was supported by a grant of the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation funded by the Ministry of Education, Republic of Korea (Principal Investigator: Sang-Geon Cho)
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Cho
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Nuclear Medicine, Gwangju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y H Kim
- Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Radiation Oncology, Hwasun, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Park
- Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Cardiololgy, Hwasun, Korea (Republic of)
| | - K S Park
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Nuclear Medicine, Gwangju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Kim
- Chonnam National University Hospital, Nuclear Medicine, Gwangju, Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Ahn
- Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Radiation Oncology, Hwasun, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H S Bom
- Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Nuclear Medicine, Hwasun, Korea (Republic of)
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Kim HJ, Cho H, Park M, Kim JW, Ahn SJ, Lyoo CH, Suh SH, Ryu YH. MRI-Visible Perivascular Spaces in the Centrum Semiovale Are Associated with Brain Amyloid Deposition in Patients with Alzheimer Disease-Related Cognitive Impairment. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1231-1238. [PMID: 33985952 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The association of perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale with amyloid accumulation among patients with Alzheimer disease-related cognitive impairment is unknown. We evaluated this association in patients with Alzheimer disease-related cognitive impairment and β-amyloid deposition, assessed with [18F] florbetaben PET/CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS MR imaging and [18F] florbetaben PET/CT images of 144 patients with Alzheimer disease-related cognitive impairment were retrospectively evaluated. MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces were rated on a 4-point visual scale: a score of ≥3 or <3 indicated a high or low degree of MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces, respectively. Amyloid deposition was evaluated using the brain β-amyloid plaque load scoring system. RESULTS Compared with patients negative for β-amyloid, those positive for it were older and more likely to have lower cognitive function, a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease, white matter hyperintensity, the Apolipoprotein E ε4 allele, and a high degree of MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale. Multivariable analysis, adjusted for age and Apolipoprotein E status, revealed that a high degree of MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale was independently associated with β-amyloid positivity (odds ratio, 2.307; 95% CI, 1.036-5.136; P = .041). CONCLUSIONS A high degree of MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale independently predicted β-amyloid positivity in patients with Alzheimer disease-related cognitive impairment. Thus, MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces in the centrum semiovale are associated with amyloid pathology of the brain and could be an indirect imaging marker of amyloid burden in patients with Alzheimer disease-related cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kim
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.K., Y.H.R.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.K.), Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin-si, South Korea
| | | | - M Park
- Radiology (M.P., J.W.K., S.J.A., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J W Kim
- Radiology (M.P., J.W.K., S.J.A., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S J Ahn
- Radiology (M.P., J.W.K., S.J.A., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - S H Suh
- Radiology (M.P., J.W.K., S.J.A., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y H Ryu
- From the Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.J.K., Y.H.R.)
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An JS, Jeong W, Sonnesen L, Baek SH, Ahn SJ. Effects of Presurgical Mandibular Incisor Decompensation on Long-Term Outcomes of Class III Surgical Orthodontic Treatment. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132870. [PMID: 34203427 PMCID: PMC8268191 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the effects of presurgical mandibular incisor decompensation on long-term outcomes of Class III surgical orthodontic treatment. Thirty-five patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion who received conventional surgical orthodontic treatment were included. Mandibular incisor brackets with -6° of inclination were placed normally in 18 patients (NB group) and inversely in 17 patients (RB group). Between-group differences and relationships between incisal and skeletal variables were analyzed based on lateral cephalograms at pretreatment, presurgery, postsurgery, posttreatment, and retention. Mandibular incisors were more labially inclined in the RB group than in the NB group from presurgery to retention. No significant between-group differences were observed in presurgical and postsurgical skeletal relationships. The NB group exhibited a larger overjet with deficient interincisal contact at postsurgery than the RB group. Skeletal Class III relationship was also more severe in the NB group at retention. More lingually inclined mandibular incisors at presurgery and larger overjet at postsurgery were correlated with a more severe skeletal Class III relationship at retention. Thus, establishing appropriate postsurgical overjet by sufficient presurgical mandibular incisor decompensation may play a significant role in postsurgical stability of Class III surgical orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Sub An
- Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, 101 Deahakno, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Wonchae Jeong
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Deahakno, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; (W.J.); (S.-H.B.)
| | - Liselotte Sonnesen
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 20 Nørre Alle, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Seung-Hak Baek
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Deahakno, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; (W.J.); (S.-H.B.)
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Deahakno, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; (W.J.); (S.-H.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2072-2672; Fax: +82-2-2072-3817
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Oh E, Ahn SJ, Sonnesen L. Treatment effects of functional appliances in children with Class II malocclusion with and without morphologic deviations in the upper spine. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2021; 160:41-49. [PMID: 33888375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This research aimed to compare treatment effects of functional appliances between children with and without morphologic deviations in the upper spine and analyze associations between Atlas dimensions and the short- and long-term treatment effects. METHODS Sixty-eight prepubertal or pubertal children (35 boys and 33 girls; mean age, 11.47 ± 1.39 years) treated with Class II functional appliances were included. Lateral cephalograms were taken at pretreatment (T1), postfunctional appliance treatment (T2), and after retention at postpuberty (T3). Upper spine morphology and Atlas dimensions were evaluated at T1. T1-T2 and T1-T3 lateral cephalograms were superimposed using a structural method. Changes in the jaws were compared with multiple linear regression analysis between children with and without deviations in the upper spine. Associations between the changes and Atlas dimensions were analyzed by partial correlation. RESULTS Children with morphologic deviations in the upper spine showed significantly more backward rotation of the mandible (P <0.01) and increased inclination of the jaws (P <0.05, P <0.01) from T1-T2 and significantly smaller condylar growth (P <0.01) from T1-T3 compared with children without the deviations. Atlas height was significantly associated with vertical and rotational changes in the mandible (P <0.01) from T1-T2 and condylar growth (P <0.05) from T1-T2 and T1-T3. CONCLUSIONS Morphologic deviations in the upper spine and low Atlas height were significantly associated with smaller condylar growth induced by functional appliances in the long term. Upper spine morphology and the Atlas dimension may be valuable in phenotypic differentiation in children with Class II malocclusion for optimal treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhye Oh
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Liselotte Sonnesen
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Seo BY, Huh KH, An JS, Chang MS, Ahn SJ. Relationship of computed tomography-verified degenerative condylar morphology with temporomandibular joint disk displacement and sex. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 132:93-103. [PMID: 34006488 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association of computed tomography (CT)-verified degenerative condylar changes with disk displacement (DD) and sex. STUDY DESIGN Multidetector CT and cone beam CT scans of 165 condyles were evaluated for erosion, osteophyte formation, flattening, subcortical sclerosis, generalized sclerosis, subcortical defects, and loose joint bodies. Disk position was determined using magnetic resonance imaging. The association of degenerative alterations with disk position and sex was analyzed. RESULTS The risks of erosion, osteophyte formation, and flattening were significantly increased by 3.72, 9.00, and 6.35 times, respectively, in the joints with DD without reduction (DDNR); however, the risks of these changes did not increase significantly in joints with DD with reduction. The risks of extensive erosion and slight and moderate osteophyte formation significantly increased only in the joints with DDNR. The degenerative changes were more likely to exist together in the joints with DDNR than in those with a normal disk position. The association of DD and most degenerative morphologies was not significantly influenced by sex. CONCLUSIONS Erosion, osteophyte formation, and flattening were significantly associated with DDNR, regardless of sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yeon Seo
- Graduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoe Huh
- Professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Sub An
- Clinical Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Seok Chang
- Graduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Park SH, Han WJ, Chung DH, An JS, Ahn SJ. Relationship between rotational disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint and the dentoskeletal morphology. Korean J Orthod 2021; 51:105-114. [PMID: 33678626 PMCID: PMC7940809 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2021.51.2.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between rotational disk displacement (DD) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the dentoskeletal morphology. Methods Women aged > 17 years were included in this study. Each subject had a primary complaint of malocclusion and underwent routine cephalometric examinations. They were divided into five groups according to the findings on sagittal and coronal magnetic resonance images of their TMJs bilateral normal disk position, bilateral anterior DD with reduction (ADDR), bilateral rotational DD with reduction (RDDR), bilateral anterior DD without reduction (ADDNR), and bilateral rotational DD without reduction (RDDNR). Twenty-three cephalometric variables were analyzed, and the Kruskal–Wallis test was used to evaluate differences in the dentoskeletal morphology among the five groups. Results Patients with TMJ DD exhibited a hyperdivergent pattern with a retrognathic mandible, unlike those with a normal disk position. These specific skeletal characteristics were more severe in patients exhibiting DD without reduction than in those with reduction, regardless of the presence of rotational DD. Rotational DD significantly influenced horizontal and vertical skeletal patterns only in the stage of DD with reduction, and the mandible exhibited a more backward position and rotation in patients with RDDR than in those with ADDR. However, there were no significant dentoskeletal differences between ADDNR and RDDNR. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that rotational DD of TMJ plays an important role in the dentoskeletal morphology, particularly in patients showing DD with reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hyun Park
- Department of Orthodontics, Dankook University Jukjeon Dental Hospital, Yongin, Korea
| | - Won-Jeong Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Chung
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jung-Sub An
- Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Kim K, Kim JN, Lim BS, Ahn SJ. Urethane Dimethacrylate Influences the Cariogenic Properties of Streptococcus Mutans. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14041015. [PMID: 33669956 PMCID: PMC7924865 DOI: 10.3390/ma14041015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Concerns regarding unbound monomers in dental composites have increased with the increased usage of these materials. This study assessed the biological effects of urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), a common monomer component of dental composite resins, on the cariogenic properties of Streptococcus mutans. Changes in the growth rate, biofilm formation, interaction with saliva, surface hydrophobicity, adhesion, glucan synthesis, sugar transport, glycolytic profiles, and oxidative- and acid-stress tolerances of S. mutans were evaluated after growing the cells in the presence and absence of UDMA. The results indicated that UDMA promotes the adhesion of S. mutans to the underlying surfaces and extracellular polysaccharide synthesis, leading to enhanced biofilm formation. Furthermore, UDMA reduced the acid tolerance of S. mutans, but enhanced its tolerance to oxidative stress, thus favoring the early stage of biofilm development. UDMA did not significantly affect the viability or planktonic growth of cells, but diminished the ability of S. mutans to metabolize carbohydrates and thus maintain the level of intracellular polysaccharides, although the tendency for sugar transport increased. Notably, UDMA did not significantly alter the interactions of bacterial cells with saliva. This study suggests that UDMA may potentially contribute to the development of secondary caries around UDMA-containing dental materials by prompting biofilm formation, enhancing oxidative tolerance, and modulating carbon flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsun Kim
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Jeong Nam Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Bum-Soon Lim
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Dental Biomaterial Science, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2072-2671
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13
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Lim BS, Kim BH, Shon WJ, Ahn SJ. Effects of Caries Activity on Compositions of Mutans Streptococci in Saliva-Induced Biofilm Formed on Bracket Materials. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13214764. [PMID: 33114489 PMCID: PMC7663262 DOI: 10.3390/ma13214764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate effects of caries activity on composition of mutans streptococci in saliva-induced biofilms formed on bracket materials. Three bracket materials were used as specimens: ceramic, metal, and plastic. After saliva was collected using a spitting method from caries-active (CA, decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) score ≥ 10) and caries-free (CF, DMFT score = 0) subjects, saliva was mixed with growth media in a proportion of 1:10. The saliva solution was then incubated with each bracket material. After a saliva-induced biofilm was developed on the surface of the bracket material, the amounts of total bacteria and mutans streptococci were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that biofilms from CA saliva contained more mutans streptococci but less total bacteria than biofilms from CF saliva, regardless of material type. Adhesion of total bacteria to ceramic was higher than to plastic, regardless of caries activity. Mutans streptococci adhered more to ceramic than to metal and plastic in both biofilms from CA and CF saliva, but there was a difference in adhesion between Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. The amount of S. mutans was higher than that of S. sobrinus in biofilms from CA saliva despite similar amounts of the two strains in biofilms from CF saliva. The stronger adhesion of S. mutans to ceramic than to metal and plastic was more evident in biofilms from CA saliva than in biofilms from CF saliva. This study suggests that caries activity and material type significantly influenced composition of mutans streptococci in biofilms formed on bracket materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bum-Soon Lim
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Dental Biomaterial Science, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Bo-Hyun Kim
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Won-Jun Shon
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2072-2671
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14
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Because changes in surface properties affect bacterial adhesion, orthodontic bonding procedures may significantly influence biofilm formation and composition around orthodontic appliances. However, most studies used a mono-species biofilm model under static conditions, which does not simulate the intraoral environment and complex interactions of oral microflora because the oral cavity is a diverse and changeable environment. In this study, a multi-species biofilm model was used under dynamic culture conditions to assess the effects of the orthodontic bonding procedure on biofilm formation and compositional changes in two main oral pathogens, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. METHODS Four specimens were prepared with bovine incisors and bonding adhesive: untreated enamel surface (BI), enamel surface etched with 37% phosphoric acid (ET), primed enamel surface after etching (PR), and adhesive surface (AD). Surface roughness (SR), surface wettability (SW), and surface texture were evaluated. A multi-species biofilm was developed on each surface and adhesion amounts of Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and total bacteria were analyzed at day 1 and day 4 using real-time polymerase chain reaction. After determining the differences in biofilm formation, SR, and SW between the four surfaces, relationships between bacteria levels and surface properties were analyzed. RESULTS The order of SR was AD < PR < BI < ET, as BI and ET showed more irregular surface texture than PR and AD. For SW, ET had the greatest value followed by PR, BI, and AD. S. mutans and P. gingivalis showed greater adhesion to BI and ET with rougher and more wettable surfaces than to AD with smoother and less wettable surfaces. The adhesion of total bacteria and S. mutans significantly increased over time, but the amount of P. gingivalis decreased. The adhesion amounts of all bacteria were positively correlated with SR and SW, irrespective of incubation time. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, changes in SR and SW associated with orthodontic bonding had significant effects on biofilm formation and composition of S. mutans and P. gingivalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Mi Jeon
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Deahak-ro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Sub An
- Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Soon Lim
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Dental Biomaterials, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, 101 Daehakro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Oh E, Ahn SJ, Sonnesen L. Evaluation of growth changes induced by functional appliances in children with Class II malocclusion: Superimposition of lateral cephalograms on stable structures. Korean J Orthod 2020; 50:170-180. [PMID: 32475844 PMCID: PMC7270938 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2020.50.3.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare short- and long-term dentoalveolar, skeletal, and rotational changes evaluated by Björk’s structural method of superimposition between children with Class II malocclusion treated by functional appliances and untreated matched controls. Methods Seventy-nine prepubertal or pubertal children (mean age, 11.57 ± 1.40 years) with Class II malocclusion were included. Thirty-four children were treated using an activator with a high-pull headgear (Z-activator), while 28 were treated using an activator without a headgear (E-activator). Seventeen untreated children were included as controls. Lateral cephalograms were obtained before treatment (T1), after functional appliance treatment (T2), and after retention in the postpubertal phase (T3). Changes from T1 to T2 and T1 to T3 were compared between the treated groups and control group using multiple linear regression analysis. Results Relative to the findings in the control group at T2, the sagittal jaw relationship (subspinale-nasion-pogonion, p < 0.001), maxillary prognathism (sella-nasion-subspinale, p < 0.05), and condylar growth (p < 0.001) exhibited significant improvements in the Z- and E-activator groups, which also showed a significantly increased maxillary incisor retraction (p < 0.001) and decreased overjet (p < 0.001). Only the E-activator group exhibited significant backward rotation of the maxilla at T2 (p < 0.01). The improvements in the sagittal jaw relationship (p < 0.01) and dental relationship (p < 0.001) remained significant at T3. Condylar growth and jaw rotations were not significant at T3. Conclusions Functional appliance treatment in children with Class II malocclusion can significantly improve the sagittal jaw relationship and dental relationships in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhye Oh
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Liselotte Sonnesen
- Section of Orthodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Kim H, Ryu KH, Baek D, Khan TA, Kim HJ, Shin S, Hyun J, Ahn JS, Ahn SJ, Kim HJ, Koo J. 3D Printing of Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol-Sepiolite Composites with Nanoscale Orientation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:23453-23463. [PMID: 32349467 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A fused-deposition modeling (FDM) 3D-printed polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG)-sepiolite composite showed effective synergetic mechanical reinforcement in tensile testing compared to an injection-molded composite. The results showed that the addition of 3 phr sepiolite improved the tensile strength of 3D-printed PETG samples by 35.4%, while the tensile strength of injection-molded PETG samples was improved by 7.2%. To confirm these phenomena, FDM PETG-sepiolite composites were investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering to correlate the nanostructures of the composites with their mechanical strengths. The small-angle X-ray scattering data and transmission electron microscopy observations demonstrated that needle-shaped sepiolite particles were aligned in the printing direction. This fine oriented nanostructure formed during 3D printing created a synergistic effect that improved the material properties of the composite. These novel PETG-sepiolite composites with enhanced mechanical properties can be promising materials fabricated via FDM 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Kim
- Laboratory of Adhesion & Bio-Composites, Program in Environmental Materials Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Ryu
- Laboratory of Adhesion & Bio-Composites, Program in Environmental Materials Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dooyoung Baek
- Laboratory of Adhesion & Bio-Composites, Program in Environmental Materials Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tanveer Ahmed Khan
- Laboratory of Adhesion & Bio-Composites, Program in Environmental Materials Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joong Kim
- Laboratory of Adhesion & Bio-Composites, Program in Environmental Materials Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul Shin
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Hyun
- Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soo Ahn
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaseung Koo
- Department of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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17
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Seo BY, An JS, Chang MS, Huh KH, Ahn SJ. Changes in condylar dimensions in temporomandibular joints with disk displacement. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 129:72-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Park JW, An JS, Lim WH, Lim BS, Ahn SJ. Microbial changes in biofilms on composite resins with different surface roughness: An in vitro study with a multispecies biofilm model. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 122:493.e1-493.e8. [PMID: 31648793 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The single-species biofilm method cannot represent the interaction and complex functions of microorganisms associated with oral biofilms. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate microbial changes in biofilms on composite resins of varying surface roughness by using a multispecies biofilm model with early-colonizing streptococci, middle colonizer, and late-colonizing gram-negative anaerobes. MATERIAL AND METHODS Composite resin disks were prepared with different roughness: SR180, SR400, SR1500, and SRGlass roughened with 180-, 400-, and 1500-grit silicon carbide paper and glass (control surface without surface roughening). Surface roughness was analyzed by confocal laser scanning and scanning electron microscopy. After multispecies biofilms had been grown on the composite resin surfaces, the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and of total bacteria was determined after 1 (T1) and 4 (T2) days. Differences in surface roughness among the 4 groups were tested with 1-way ANOVA. Multifactorial analysis of variance was used to determine the time-related differences in the bacterial composition with respect to surface roughness (α=.05). RESULTS The order of SR, from highest to lowest, was SR180 (1.45 ±0.11 μm), SR400 (0.62 ±0.05 μm), SR1500 (0.35 ±0.02 μm), and SRGlass (0.15 ±0.01 μm) (SR180>SR400>SR1500>SRGlass, P<.001). Increased surface roughness was not proportional to bacterial adhesion. Significant differences in the adhesion of total bacteria was only found between SRGlass and SR180 (SR180>SRGlass, P=.029). The adhesion of S. mutans and S. sobrinus to SR180 and SR400 was higher than that to SRGlass (SR180=SR400>SRGlass; S. mutans, P=.003; S. sobrinus, P=.002). However, the adhesion of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis to composite resin was not significantly influenced by surface roughness. Adhesion of total bacteria, S. mutans, and S. sobrinus increased from T1 to T2 (T1<T2, P<.001), whereas the adhesion of periodontal pathogens decreased from T1 to T2 (T1>T2; A. actinomycetemcomitans, P<.001; P. gingivalis, P=.013). CONCLUSIONS Decreased adhesion of cariogenic streptococci and total bacteria was observed at surface roughness values of around 0.15 μm. Periodic finishing of surface roughness should be considered to minimize the adhesion of cariogenic streptococci to composite resin surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Won Park
- Graduate student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Sub An
- Clinical Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hee Lim
- Professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Soon Lim
- Professor, Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Puth S, Hong SH, Na HS, Lee HH, Lee YS, Kim SY, Tan W, Hwang HS, Sivasamy S, Jeong K, Kook JK, Ahn SJ, Kang IC, Ryu JH, Koh JT, Rhee JH, Lee SE. A built-in adjuvant-engineered mucosal vaccine against dysbiotic periodontal diseases. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:565-579. [PMID: 30487648 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0104-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is associated with a dysbiotic shift in the oral microbiome. Vaccine approaches to prevent microbial shifts from healthy to diseased state in oral biofilms would provide a fundamental therapeutic strategy against periodontitis. Since dental plaque formation is a polymicrobial and multilayered process, vaccines targeting single bacterial species would have limited efficacy in clinical applications. In this study, we developed a divalent mucosal vaccine consisting of a mixture of FlaB-tFomA and Hgp44-FlaB fusion proteins targeting virulence factors of inflammophilic bacteria Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis, respectively. Introduction of peptide linkers between FlaB and antigen improved the stability and immunogenicity of engineered vaccine antigens. The intranasal immunization of divalent vaccine induced protective immune responses inhibiting alveolar bone loss elicited by F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis infection. The built-in flagellin adjuvant fused to protective antigens enhanced antigen-specific antibody responses and class switch recombination. The divalent vaccine antisera recognized natural forms of surface antigens and reacted with diverse clinical isolates of Fusobacterium subspecies and P. gingivalis. The antisera inhibited F. nucleatum-mediated biofilm formation, co-aggregation of P. gingivalis and Treponema denticola, and P. gingivalis-host cell interactions. Taken together, the built-in adjuvant-engineered mucosal vaccine provides a technological platform for multivalent periodontitis vaccines targeting dysbiotic microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sao Puth
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol Hee Hong
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sam Na
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Hwa Lee
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Suhk Lee
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenzhi Tan
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Suk Hwang
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Sethupathy Sivasamy
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangjoon Jeong
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Ki Kook
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Chol Kang
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Hwang Ryu
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Tae Koh
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Haeng Rhee
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shee Eun Lee
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, 58128, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Kim H, Park W, Choi DH, Ahn SJ, Kim SS, Kim ES, Lee JH, Lee KC, Kim JH, Lee HS, Kim JH, Kim MY, Park HJ, Kim K, Song SH, Kwon J, Lee IJ, Kim TH, Kim TG, Chang AR, Cho O, Jeong BK, Ha B, Lee J, Ki Y. Abstract OT2-04-02: A phase 3 study of post-lumpectomy radiotherapy to whole breast + regional lymph nodes vs whole breast alone for patients with pN1 breast cancer treated with taxane-based chemotherapy (KROG 1701): Trial in progress. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-ot2-04-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In patients with early stage breast cancer, regional nodal irradiation (RNI) is added to whole breast irradiation (WBI) in order to control microscopic regional disease and to prevent systemic spread of cancer. According to recent randomized trials (MA.20 and EORTC 22922-10925), prophylactic RNI was associated with improvement in disease-free survival (DFS) in the patients with high-risk node negative or pN1 breast cancer. However, systemic agents now known to improve loco-regional control, such as taxane or endocrine therapy, were prescribed to a small percentage of patients in the studies. The benefit of RNI found in the previous studies might be attributed to incorporation of less effective systemic treatments. The impact of prophylactic RNI in pN1 breast cancer should be evaluated in the patients receiving modern systemic treatment. The current study was conducted to compare the effect of post-lumpectomy WBI vs WBI plus RNI on DFS in pN1 breast cancer patients who received adjuvant taxane-based chemotherapy.
Methods
This study is a multicenter, phase 3, randomized controlled non-inferiority trial (NCT03269981). Eligibility criteria are ≥ 20 years female; pathologically proven invasive carcinoma of the breast; one to three positive axillary lymph nodes (pN1) in pathologic specimen; receiving breast-conserving surgery followed by taxane-based chemotherapy; having adjuvant endocrine therapy or anti-HER2 treatment according to molecular subtype of tumor. Patients are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive WBI or WBI plus RNI. Patient randomization was stratified by molecular subtype of tumor (i.e. luminal A/luminal B/luminal HER2/HER2-enriched/triple-negative) and methods of axillary management (i.e. sentinel lymph node biopsy/axillary lymph node dissection). The primary outcome is DFS. The secondary outcomes include DFS according to molecular subtype, treatment-related toxicity, and patient's quality of life per EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23. Patients will be followed for survival and disease recurrence for seven years. A total of 1,926 patients are planned to be enrolled, with recruitment initiated in April 2017. As of June 2018, a total of 236 patients were enrolled.
Acknowledgement
This study was supported by a grant from the National R&D Program for Cancer Control, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number: HA17C0043010018).
Citation Format: Kim H, Park W, Choi DH, Ahn SJ, Kim SS, Kim ES, Lee JH, Lee KC, Kim JH, Lee H-S, Kim JH, Kim MY, Park HJ, Kim K, Song SH, Kwon J, Lee IJ, Kim TH, Kim TG, Chang AR, Cho O, Jeong BK, Ha B, Lee J, Ki Y. A phase 3 study of post-lumpectomy radiotherapy to whole breast + regional lymph nodes vs whole breast alone for patients with pN1 breast cancer treated with taxane-based chemotherapy (KROG 1701): Trial in progress [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-04-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - W Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - DH Choi
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - SJ Ahn
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - SS Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - ES Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - JH Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - KC Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - JH Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - H-S Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - JH Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - MY Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - HJ Park
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - K Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - SH Song
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - J Kwon
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - IJ Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - TH Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - TG Kim
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - AR Chang
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - O Cho
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - BK Jeong
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - B Ha
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - J Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
| | - Y Ki
- Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea; St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea; Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea; Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea; Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea; Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei Univer
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Jang MH, Yoon MH, Ahn SJ, Lee JW, Shin MJ. Diagnosis of Critical Illness Myopathy After Liver Transplantation and Muscle Condition Monitoring: A Case Report. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:4023-4027. [PMID: 30577307 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW) can occur after liver transplantation. Early diagnosis of ICUAW and monitoring of muscle condition during rehabilitation are helpful in improving functional recovery. METHODS AND MATERIALS A 47-year-old man with liver cirrhosis developed limb weakness after liver transplantation. The patient had a Medical Research Council sum score of 2 weeks post-liver transplantation with marked proximal limb weakness. Direct muscle stimulation was performed on the right tibialis anterior muscle; the nerve-to-muscle ratio of compound muscle action potentials was 0.96, which indicated critical illness myopathy. Fatigue analysis using surface electromyography was performed 4 times after liver transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The maximal voluntary contraction tended to increase during rehabilitation, whereas the percentage of maximal voluntary contraction tended to decrease, indicating that muscle strength was increased. The fatigue index gradually decreased, showing that muscle endurance had improved along with strength. Muscle fatigue can be evaluated during rehabilitation using surface electromyography to prevent damage of the impaired muscle and to control exercise intensity. Early diagnosis of ICUAW and evaluation of muscle fatigue during rehabilitation will ensure a better prognosis for patients with ICUAW.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Jang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - M H Yoon
- Division of Hepatobiliarypancreas and Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - S J Ahn
- Division of Energy and Electric Engineering, Uiduk University, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - J W Lee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - M J Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea; Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
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Kim K, An JS, Lim BS, Ahn SJ. Effect of Bisphenol A Glycol Methacrylate on Virulent Properties of Streptococcus mutans UA159. Caries Res 2018; 53:84-95. [DOI: 10.1159/000490197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (bis-GMA), which is released into the oral environment by dental composites through incomplete polymerization, hydrolysis, and mechanical degradation, can significantly influence oral ecology around resin-based materials. The purpose of this study was to investigate how bis-GMA changes the virulence properties of Streptococcus mutans, a major cariogenic bacterium in humans. The results show that bis-GMA not only inhibited the planktonic growth of cells in medium containing glucose, fructose, or mannose, but also reduced the viability of S. mutans. However, the presence of bis-GMA increased sugar transport and intracellular polysaccharide accumulation in S. mutans, thereby increasing the potential of cell persistence. In addition, bis-GMA could enhance S. mutans’s adhesion to hard surfaces and glucan synthesis, which could contribute to biofilm formation. Although free bis-GMA made cells vulnerable to acidic stress, it also provided increased resistance to hydrogen peroxide, which might confer an advantage in competition with other oral microorganisms during the early stage of biofilm development. Interestingly, the presence of bis-GMA did not change the ability of S. mutans to interact with saliva. The results suggest that leachable bis-GMA could contribute to biofilm-related secondary dental caries at the marginal interface between resin-based materials and teeth by altering the virulent properties of S. mutans, although bis-GMA reduced the planktonic growth and viability of S. mutans.
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Son M, Kaspar J, Ahn SJ, Burne RA, Hagen SJ. Threshold regulation and stochasticity from the MecA/ClpCP proteolytic system in Streptococcus mutans competence. Mol Microbiol 2018; 110:914-930. [PMID: 29873131 PMCID: PMC6281771 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Many bacterial species use the MecA/ClpCP proteolytic system to block entry into genetic competence. In Streptococcus mutans, MecA/ClpCP degrades ComX (also called SigX), an alternative sigma factor for the comY operon and other late competence genes. Although the mechanism of MecA/ClpCP has been studied in multiple Streptococcus species, its role within noisy competence pathways is poorly understood. S. mutans competence can be triggered by two different peptides, CSP and XIP, but it is not known whether MecA/ClpCP acts similarly for both stimuli, how it affects competence heterogeneity, and how its regulation is overcome. We have studied the effect of MecA/ClpCP on the activation of comY in individual S. mutans cells. Our data show that MecA/ClpCP is active under both XIP and CSP stimulation, that it provides threshold control of comY, and that it adds noise in comY expression. Our data agree quantitatively with a model in which MecA/ClpCP prevents adventitious entry into competence by sequestering or intercepting low levels of ComX. Competence is permitted when ComX levels exceed a threshold, but cell‐to‐cell heterogeneity in MecA levels creates variability in that threshold. Therefore, MecA/ClpCP provides a stochastic switch, located downstream of the already noisy comX, that enhances phenotypic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Son
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - J Kaspar
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - S J Ahn
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - R A Burne
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - S J Hagen
- Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Oh E, Ahn SJ, Sonnesen L. Ethnic differences in craniofacial and upper spine morphology in children with skeletal Class II malocclusion. Angle Orthod 2018; 88:283-291. [PMID: 29337630 DOI: 10.2319/083017-584.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze differences in upper cervical spine and craniofacial morphology, including posterior cranial fossa and growth prediction signs, between Danish and South Korean pre-orthodontic skeletal Class II children and to analyze associations between upper cervical spine morphology and craniofacial characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred forty-six skeletal Class II children-93 Danes (54 boys and 39 girls, mean age 12.2 years) and 53 Koreans (27 boys and 26 girls, mean age 10.8 years)-were included. Upper spine morphology, Atlas dimensions, and craniofacial morphology, including posterior cranial fossa and growth prediction signs, were assessed on lateral cephalograms. Differences and associations were analyzed by multiple linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for age and gender. RESULTS Significant differences between the ethnic groups were found in the sagittal and vertical craniofacial dimensions ( P < .001), mandibular shape ( P < .01), dental relationship ( P < .01), posterior cranial fossa ( P < .05), and growth prediction signs ( P < .001). No significant differences were found in upper spine morphology and Atlas dimensions between the groups. Upper spine morphology/dimensions were significantly associated with the cranial base angle ( P < .01), sagittal craniofacial dimensions ( P < .001), posterior cranial fossa ( P < .001), and growth prediction signs ( P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Upper spine morphology/dimensions may be valuable as predictive factors in treatment planning for growing Class II children.
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Jung WS, Park CH, Hong CK, Suh SH, Ahn SJ. Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of Brain Metastasis from Lung Cancer: Correlation of MRI Parameters with the Histologic Type and Gene Mutation Status. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:273-279. [PMID: 29301782 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Development of noninvasive imaging biomarkers indicating the histology and the gene mutation status of brain metastasis from lung cancer is important. We aimed to investigate diffusion-weighted imaging parameters as predictors of the histology and gene mutations of brain metastasis from lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS DWI data for 74 patients with brain metastasis from lung cancer were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were first grouped according to the primary tumor histology (adenocarcinoma, small-cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma), and those with adenocarcinoma were further divided into epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR) mutation-positive and wild type groups. Sex; age; number, size, and location of brain metastasis; DWI visual scores; the minimum ADC; and the normalized ADC ratio were compared among groups using χ2 and ANOVA. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of the EGFR mutation. RESULTS The minimum ADC was lower in the small-cell lung cancer group than in the other 2 groups, though the difference was not significant. Furthermore, minimum ADC and the normalized ADC ratio were significantly lower in the EGFR mutation-positive group than in the wild type group (P = .021 and .014, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that minimum ADC and the normalized ADC ratio were independently associated with the EGFR mutation status (P = .028 and .021, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that DWI parameters (minimum ADC and normalized ADC ratio) for the solid components of brain metastasis from lung cancer are not correlated with their histology, whereas they can predict the EGFR mutation status in brain metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Jung
- From the Departments of Radiology (W.S.J., C.H.P., S.H.S., S.J.A.).,Department of Radiology (W.S.J.), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - C H Park
- From the Departments of Radiology (W.S.J., C.H.P., S.H.S., S.J.A.)
| | - C-K Hong
- Neurosurgery (C.-K.H.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Suh
- From the Departments of Radiology (W.S.J., C.H.P., S.H.S., S.J.A.)
| | - S J Ahn
- From the Departments of Radiology (W.S.J., C.H.P., S.H.S., S.J.A.)
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Park SN, Lim YK, Choi MH, Cho E, Bang IS, Kim JM, Ahn SJ, Kook JK. Antimicrobial Mechanism of Oleanolic and Ursolic Acids on Streptococcus mutans UA159. Curr Microbiol 2018; 75:11-19. [PMID: 28852850 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-017-1344-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Triterpenoid saponin derivatives oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA), but not betulinic acid (BA), were previously found to have strong antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans. OA and UA inhibited the transcription of genes related to peptidoglycan biosynthesis, thereby preventing bacterial growth. However, it is not clear whether this is the only pathway involved in the antimicrobial activity of these compounds against S. mutans. Therefore, we used quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and microarray analyses to examine the expression of genes related to essential metabolic pathways in S. mutans UA159 following incubation with OA, UA, or BA. An oligonucleotide array consisting of 5363 probes was designed to survey 1928 of the 1963 genes in the genome of S. mutans UA159. Genes that showed >2-fold changes in expression in response to the treatment conditions were annotated, and selected target genes involved in central metabolism were analyzed by qPCR. Microarray analysis confirmed that the gene expression patterns of the OA- and UA-treated cells differed from that of the BA-treated culture, indicating differences in the antimicrobial mechanism. In particular, the expression of pfk and pykF, coding for glycolysis regulatory proteins phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase, respectively, were significantly decreased in the OA and UA groups (P < 0.05), as were genes involved in fatty acid and amino acid synthesis. In addition, the microarray analysis confirmed previous qPCR results showing that peptidoglycan synthesis is down-regulated in the OA- and UA-treated groups. OA and UA also appear to decrease the generation of organic acids by S. mutans UA159, which would have an anticaries effect. Overall, these findings suggest that OA and UA affect multiple genes involved in the central metabolism of S. mutans, with inhibition of glycolysis, fatty acid synthesis, amino acid synthesis, and peptidoglycan synthesis, all contributing to their antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Nang Park
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyong Lim
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Choi
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Cho
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Iel Soo Bang
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
- Oral Biology Research Institute, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Kim
- Genoplan Korea, Inc. and NAR Center, Inc., Seoul, 06221, Republic of Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joong-Ki Kook
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
- Oral Biology Research Institute, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.
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Jung WS, Kim JH, Ahn SJ, Song SW, Kim BM, Seo KD, Suh SH. Prevalence of Intracranial Aneurysms in Patients with Aortic Dissection. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:2089-2093. [PMID: 28882865 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is an uncertainty about the association between intracranial aneurysms and aortic dissection. We aimed to determine the prevalence of intracranial aneurysms in patients with aortic dissection and evaluate the independent risk factors for the presence of intracranial aneurysms in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-one patients with a confirmed aortic dissection who underwent additional brain imaging were enrolled as the aortic dissection group, and 2118 healthy individuals with brain imaging, as controls. Demographic data were obtained from their medical records, including age, sex, comorbidities, and arch vessel involvement of aortic dissection. Two readers reviewed all brain images independently regarding the presence, morphology, size, and location of intracranial aneurysms. Baseline characteristics were compared between the aortic dissection group and controls by propensity score matching, and logistic regression analysis was performed for independent risk factors for the presence of intracranial aneurysms. RESULTS The prevalence of intracranial aneurysms was 12.96% in the aortic dissection group and 1.85% in controls (P = .022). The mean diameter of intracranial aneurysms was significantly larger in the aortic dissection group (5.79 ± 3.26 mm in aortic dissection versus 3.04 ± 1.57 mm in controls; P = .008), and intracranial aneurysms of >7 mm were also more common in the aortic dissection group (28.6% in aortic dissection versus 5.3% in controls, P = .003). On multivariate analysis, arch vessel involvement of aortic dissection was an independent risk factor for the presence of intracranial aneurysms (odds ratio, 6.246; 95% confidence interval, 1.472-26.50; P = .013). CONCLUSIONS Patients with aortic dissection have a high prevalence of intracranial aneurysms, and selective screening for brain vessels could be considered in these patients with arch vessel involvement. A further prospective study is needed to demonstrate a substantial prevalence of intracranial aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Jung
- From the Departments of Radiology (W.S.J., S.J.A., S.H.S.).,Department of Radiology (W.S.J.), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | | | - S J Ahn
- From the Departments of Radiology (W.S.J., S.J.A., S.H.S.)
| | - S-W Song
- Cardiovascular Surgery (S.-W.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - B M Kim
- Department of Radiology (B.M.K.)
| | - K-D Seo
- Department of Neurology (K.-D.S.), Wonkwang University Sanbon Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Suh
- From the Departments of Radiology (W.S.J., S.J.A., S.H.S.) .,Severance Institute of Vascular and Metabolic Research (S.H.S.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Chung SH, Cho S, Kim K, Lim BS, Ahn SJ. Antimicrobial and physical characteristics of orthodontic primers containing antimicrobial agents. Angle Orthod 2017; 87:307-312. [PMID: 27598781 PMCID: PMC8384363 DOI: 10.2319/052516-416.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the antimicrobial and physical properties of experimental primers containing chlorhexidine (CHX) or ursolic acid (UA) with a commercial primer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two antibacterial agents, 3 mg each of CHX and UA were incorporated respectively into 1 ml of Transbond XT primer (TX) to form antibacterial primers, TX-CHX and TX-UA. The antimicrobial activity of the three primers (TX, TX-CHX, and TX-UA) against Streptococcus mutans in both planktonic and biofilm phases was analyzed by determining minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations and by performing growth and biofilm assays. Growth and biofilm assays were performed in both the absence and presence of thermocycling in a water tank to analyze the effects of water aging on the antimicrobial activities of primers. After bonding brackets onto bovine incisors using the primers, shear bond strength and mode of fracture were analyzed to compare physical properties. RESULTS TX-CHX had stronger antimicrobial activity against S. mutans in the planktonic and biofilm phases than did TX or TX-UA. When applied, TX-CHX completely inhibited the growth and biofilm formation of S. mutans . In addition, the antimicrobial activity of TX-CHX was maintained after thermocycling. However, TX-UA did not show significant antimicrobial activity compared with TX. There was no significant difference in either shear bond strength or bond failure interface among the primers. CONCLUSION Incorporation of CHX into an orthodontic primer may help prevent enamel demineralization around surfaces without compromising its physical properties.
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Kim K, Jung WS, Cho S, Ahn SJ. Changes in salivary periodontal pathogens after orthodontic treatment: An in vivo prospective study. Angle Orthod 2016; 86:998-1003. [PMID: 26606331 PMCID: PMC8597347 DOI: 10.2319/070615-450.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the initial changes in salivary levels of periodontal pathogens after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. MATERIALS AND METHODS The subjects consisted of 54 adult patients. The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, Plaque Index, and Gingival Index were measured as periodontal parameters. Both the plaque and gingival indexes were obtained from the central and lateral incisors and first molars of both arches. Whole saliva and periodontal parameters were obtained at the following four time points: immediately before debonding (T1), 1 week after debonding (T2), 5 weeks after debonding (T3), and 13 weeks after debonding (T4). Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to determine salivary bacterial levels and periodontal parameters among the four time points after quantifying salivary levels of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), and total bacteria using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS All periodontal parameters were significantly decreased immediately after debonding (T2). The salivary levels of total bacteria and Pg were decreased at T3, while Pi and Tf levels were decreased at T4. However, the amount of Aa and Fn remained at similar levels in saliva during the experimental period. Interestingly, Aa and Fn were present in saliva at higher levels than were Pg, Pi, and Tf. CONCLUSION The higher salivary levels of Aa and Fn after debonding suggests that the risk of periodontal problems cannot be completely eliminated by the removal of fixed orthodontic appliances during the initial retention period, despite improved oral hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsun Kim
- Graduate Student, Dental Research Institute and Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Sun Jung
- Clinical Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Gwanak Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soha Cho
- Research Assistant, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Jung WS, Kim K, Cho S, Ahn SJ. Adhesion of periodontal pathogens to self-ligating orthodontic brackets: An in-vivo prospective study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2016; 150:467-75. [PMID: 27585775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our aims were to analyze adhesion of periodontopathogens to self-ligating brackets (Clarity-SL [CSL], Clippy-C [CC] and Damon Q [DQ]) and to identify the relationships between bacterial adhesion and oral hygiene indexes. METHODS Central incisor brackets from the maxilla and mandible were collected from 60 patients at debonding after the plaque and gingival indexes were measured. Adhesions of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), and Tannerella forsythia (Tf) were quantitatively determined using real-time polymerase chain reactions. Factorial analysis of variance was used to analyze bacterial adhesion in relation to bracket type and jaw position. Correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationships between bacterial adhesion and the oral hygiene indexes. RESULTS Total bacteria showed greater adhesion to CSL than to DQ brackets, whereas Aa, Pg, and Pi adhered more to DQ than to CSL brackets. CC brackets showed an intermediate adhesion pattern between CSL and DQ brackets, but it did not differ significantly from either bracket type. Adhesion of Fn and Tf did not differ significantly among the 3 brackets. Most bacteria were detected in greater quantities in the mandibular than in the maxillary brackets. The plaque and gingival indexes were not strongly correlated with bacterial adhesion to the brackets. CONCLUSIONS Because Aa, Pg, and Pi adhered more to the DQ brackets in the mandibular area, orthodontic patients with periodontal problems should be carefully monitored in the mandibular incisors where the distance between the bracket and the gingiva is small, especially when DQ brackets are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Sun Jung
- Clinical lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Gwanak Dental Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungsun Kim
- Postgraduate student, Dental Research Institute and Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soha Cho
- Research assistant, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Jeong HK, Oh SW, Kim J, Lee SK, Ahn SJ. Reduction of Oxygen-Induced CSF Hyperintensity on FLAIR MR Images in Sedated Children: Usefulness of Magnetization-Prepared FLAIR Imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:1549-55. [PMID: 26988816 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Oxygen-induced CSF hyperintensity on FLAIR MR imaging is often observed in sedated children. This phenomenon can mimic leptomeningeal pathology and lead to a misdiagnosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether magnetization-prepared FLAIR MR imaging can reduce oxygen-induced CSF hyperintensity and improve image quality compared with conventional (non-magnetization-prepared) FLAIR MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bloch simulation for magnetization-prepared and non-magnetization-prepared FLAIR sequences was performed for tissue contrast. We retrospectively reviewed 85 children with epilepsy who underwent MR imaging under general anesthesia with supplemental oxygen (41 with non-magnetization-prepared FLAIR and 44 with magnetization-prepared FLAIR). CSF hyperintensity was scored from 0 to 3 points according to the degree of CSF signal intensity and was compared between the 2 sequences. The contrast-to-noise ratios among GM, WM, and CSF were evaluated to assess general image quality from both sequences. To assess the diagnostic accuracy for hemorrhage, we reviewed an additional 25 patients with hemorrhage. RESULTS Bloch simulation demonstrated that CSF hyperintensity can be reduced on magnetization-prepared FLAIR compared with non-magnetization-prepared FLAIR. CSF hyperintensity scores were significantly lower in magnetization-prepared FLAIR than in non-magnetization-prepared FLAIR (P < .01). The contrast-to-noise ratios for GM-WM, GM-CSF, and WM-CSF were significantly higher in magnetization-prepared FLAIR than in non-magnetization-prepared FLAIR (P < .05). Hemorrhage was clearly demarcated from CSF hyperintensity in the magnetization-prepared group (100%, 12/12) and non-magnetization-prepared group (38%, 5/13). CONCLUSIONS Magnetization-prepared 3D-FLAIR MR imaging can significantly reduce oxygen-induced CSF artifacts and increase the tissue contrast-to-noise ratio beyond the levels achieved with conventional non-magnetization-prepared 3D-FLAIR MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-K Jeong
- From Philips Korea (H.-K.J.), Seoul, Republic of Korea Korea Basic Science Institute (H.-K.J.), Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Oh
- Department of Radiology (S.W.O), Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Chungnam, Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Radiology (J.K., S.-K.L., S.J.A.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-K Lee
- Department of Radiology (J.K., S.-K.L., S.J.A.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S J Ahn
- Department of Radiology (J.K., S.-K.L., S.J.A.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Ryu HS, Kim YI, Lim BS, Lim YJ, Ahn SJ. Chlorhexidine Uptake and Release From Modified Titanium Surfaces and Its Antimicrobial Activity. J Periodontol 2015; 86:1268-75. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.150075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Jung C, Yoon W, Ahn SJ, Choi BS, Kim JH, Suh SH. The Revascularization Scales Dilemma: Is It Right to Apply the Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia Scale in Posterior Circulation Stroke? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 37:285-9. [PMID: 26381554 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although various revascularization scales are used in the angiographic evaluation of acute ischemic stroke, observer reliability tests of these scales have been rarely performed for posterior circulation stroke. We aimed to evaluate inter- and intraobserver variability of 2 scales, the modified Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia and the Arterial Occlusive Lesion, in posterior circulation stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three independent readers interpreted pre- and postthrombolytic angiographies of 62 patients with posterior circulation stroke by using the modified Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia and Arterial Occlusive Lesion scales. The κ statistic was used to measure observer agreement for both scales, and κ > 0.6 was considered substantial agreement. RESULTS For the Arterial Occlusive Lesion scale, inter- and intraobserver agreement was >0.6. While intraobserver agreement of the modified Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia scale was >0.6 except for 1 reader, interobserver agreement was lower in dichotomized and original scales. In 49 cases with solely basilar artery occlusion, inter- and intraobserver agreement of both scales was similar to that in all 62 patients with posterior circulation stroke. In 2 consecutive readings, there was a significant decrease in the proportion of mTICI 2a reads (22.58% in the first versus 13.44% in the second session, P < .03) and a reciprocal increase in the sum of proportions for modified Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia 2b and modified Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia 3 reads (62.37% in the first versus 72.58% in the second session, P < .046). CONCLUSIONS In angiographic assessment of posterior circulation stroke, inter- and intraobserver agreement for the Arterial Occlusive Lesion scale was reliable, while the modified Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia failed to achieve substantial interobserver agreement. The clinical impact of this result needs to be validated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jung
- From the Department of Radiology (C.J., B.S.C., J.H.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - W Yoon
- Department of Radiology (W.Y.), Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S J Ahn
- Department of Radiology (S.J.A., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - B S Choi
- From the Department of Radiology (C.J., B.S.C., J.H.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- From the Department of Radiology (C.J., B.S.C., J.H.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - S H Suh
- Department of Radiology (S.J.A., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea Severance Institute of Vascular and Metabolic Research (S.H.S.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Ahn SJ, Suh SH, Lee KY, Kim JH, Seo KD, Lee S. Hyperintense Vessels on T2-PROPELLER-FLAIR in Patients with Acute MCA Stroke: Prediction of Arterial Stenosis and Perfusion Abnormality. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36:2042-7. [PMID: 26228881 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintense vessels in stroke represent leptomeningeal collateral flow. We presumed that FLAIR hyperintense vessels would be more closely associated with arterial stenosis and perfusion abnormality in ischemic stroke on T2-PROPELLER-FLAIR than on T2-FLAIR. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 35 patients with middle cerebral territorial infarction who underwent MR imaging. FLAIR hyperintense vessel scores were graded according to the number of segments with FLAIR hyperintense vessels in the MCA ASPECTS areas. We compared the predictability of FLAIR hyperintense vessels between T2-PROPELLER-FLAIR and T2-FLAIR for large-artery stenosis. The interagreement between perfusion abnormality and FLAIR hyperintense vessels was assessed. In subgroup analysis (9 patients with MCA horizontal segment occlusion), the association of FLAIR hyperintense vessels with ischemic lesion volume and perfusion abnormality volume was evaluated. RESULTS FLAIR hyperintense vessel scores were significantly higher on T2-PROPELLER-FLAIR than on T2-FLAIR (3.50 ± 2.79 versus 1.21 ± 1.47, P < .01), and the sensitivity for large-artery stenosis was significantly improved on T2-PROPELLER-FLAIR (93% versus 68%, P = .03). FLAIR hyperintense vessels on T2-PROPELLER-FLAIR were more closely associated with perfusion abnormalities than they were on T2-FLAIR (κ = 0.64 and κ = 0.27, respectively). In subgroup analysis, FLAIR hyperintense vessels were positively correlated with ischemic lesion volume on T2-FLAIR, while the mismatch of FLAIR hyperintense vessels between the 2 sequences was negatively correlated with ischemic lesion volume (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS In MCA stroke, FLAIR hyperintense vessels were more prominent on T2-PROPELLER-FLAIR compared with T2-FLAIR. In addition, FLAIR hyperintense vessels on T2-PROPELLER-FLAIR have a significantly higher sensitivity for predicting large-artery stenosis than they do on T2-FLAIR. Moreover, the areas showing FLAIR hyperintense vessels on T2-PROPELLER-FLAIR were more closely associated with perfusion abnormality than those on T2-FLAIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Ahn
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.A., S.H.S.)
| | - S H Suh
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.J.A., S.H.S.) Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research (S.H.S., K.-Y.L.), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-Y Lee
- Neurology (K.-Y.L., J.H.K., K.-D.S.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research (S.H.S., K.-Y.L.), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Neurology (K.-Y.L., J.H.K., K.-D.S.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-D Seo
- Neurology (K.-Y.L., J.H.K., K.-D.S.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Global Applications and Workflow (S.L.), GE Healthcare, Seoul, Korea
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Park SN, Ahn SJ, Kook JK. Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid inhibit peptidoglycan biosynthesis in Streptococcus mutans UA159. Braz J Microbiol 2015; 46:613-7. [PMID: 26273281 PMCID: PMC4507558 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838246246220130209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we revealed that OA and UA significantly inhibited the expression of most genes related to peptidoglycan biosynthesis in S. mutans UA159. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to introduce the antimicrobial mechanism of OA and UA against S. mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Nang Park
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and
Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, >Republic of Korea, Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and
Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University,
Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Seoul National University, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, >Republic of Korea, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry,
Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Ki Kook
- Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and
Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, >Republic of Korea, Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology and
Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Chosun University,
Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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An JS, Jeon DM, Jung WS, Yang IH, Lim WH, Ahn SJ. Influence of temporomandibular joint disc displacement on craniocervical posture and hyoid bone position. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015; 147:72-9. [PMID: 25533074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate craniocervical posture and hyoid bone position in orthodontic patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement. METHODS The subjects consisted of 170 female orthodontic patients who consented to bilateral magnetic resonance imaging of their TMJs. They were divided into 3 groups based on the results of magnetic resonance imaging of their TMJs: bilateral normal disc position, bilateral disc displacement with reduction, and bilateral disc displacement without reduction. Twenty-five variables from lateral cephalograms were analyzed with 1-way analysis of variance to investigate differences in craniocervical posture and hyoid bone position with respect to TMJ disc displacement status. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to analyze the relationships between craniofacial morphology and craniocervical posture or hyoid bone position. RESULTS Subjects with TMJ disc displacement were more likely to have an extended craniocervical posture with Class II hyperdivergent patterns. The most significant differences were found between patients with bilateral normal disc position and bilateral disc displacement without reduction. However, hyoid bone position in relation to craniofacial references was not significantly different among the TMJ disc displacement groups, except for variables related to the mandible. Pearson correlation coefficients indicated that extended craniocervical posture was significantly correlated with backward positioning and clockwise rotation of the mandible. CONCLUSIONS This suggests that craniocervical posture is significantly influenced by TMJ disc displacement, which may be associated with hyperdivergent skeletal patterns with a retrognathic mandible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Sub An
- Postgraduate student, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da-Mi Jeon
- Postgraduate student, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Sun Jung
- Researcher, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il-Hyung Yang
- Assistant professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Hee Lim
- Associate professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Ahn SJ, Tsou L, Antonio Sánchez C, Fels S, Kwon HB. Analyzing center of rotation during opening and closing movements of the mandible using computer simulations. J Biomech 2015; 48:666-671. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Jung WS, Yang ILH, Lim WH, Baek SH, Kim TW, Ahn SJ. Adhesion of mutans streptococci to self-ligating ceramic brackets:in vivoquantitative analysis with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Eur J Orthod 2015; 37:565-9. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cju090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ahn SJ, Park SN, Lee YJ, Cho EJ, Lim YK, Li XM, Choi MH, Seo YW, Kook JK. In vitro antimicrobial activities of 1-methoxyficifolinol, licorisoflavan A, and 6,8-diprenylgenistein against Streptococcus mutans. Caries Res 2014; 49:78-89. [PMID: 25531232 DOI: 10.1159/000362676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of purified single compounds from ethanol-extracted licorice root on Streptococcus mutans. The crude licorice root extract (CLE) was obtained from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, which was subjected to column chromatography to separate compounds. Purified compounds were identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Antimicrobial activities of purified compounds from CLE were evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration and by performing time-kill kinetics. The inhibitory effects of the compounds on biofilm development were evaluated using crystal violet assay and confocal microscopy. Cell toxicity of substances to normal human gingival fibroblast (NHGF) cells was tested using a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) was used in the control group. Three antimicrobial flavonoids, 1-methoxyficifolinol, licorisoflavan A, and 6,8-diprenylgenistein, were isolated from the CLE. We found that the three flavonoids and CHX had bactericidal effects on S. mutans UA159 at the concentration of ≥4 and ≥1 µg/ml, respectively. The purified compounds completely inhibited biofilm development of S. mutans UA159 at concentrations over 4 μg/ml, which was equivalent to 2 μg/ml of CHX. Confocal analysis showed that biofilms were sparsely scattered in the presence of over 4 μg/ml of the purified compounds. However, the three compounds purified from CLE showed less cytotoxic effects on NHGF cells than CHX at these biofilm-inhibitory concentrations. Our results suggest that purified flavonoids from CLE can be useful in developing oral hygiene products, such as gargling solutions and dentifrices for preventing dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sug-Joon Ahn
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) symptoms on skeletal morphologies of orthodontic patients with TMJ disc displacement (DD). MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample consisted of 197 women seeking orthodontic treatment. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the presence of TMJ symptoms: the presence and absence of TMJ symptoms. Each group was sub-divided into three groups based on magnetic resonance images of bilateral TMJs: bilateral normal disc position (BN), bilateral disc displacement with reduction (DDR) and bilateral disc displacement without reduction (DDNR). Seventeen variables from lateral cephalograms were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance to identify differences in skeletal morphologies with respect to TMJ symptoms and TMJ DD status. RESULTS Patients with TMJ DD were more likely to have short ramus height, short mandibular body length and backward positioning of the ramus and mandible. These skeletal morphologies became more severe as TMJ DD progressed to DDNR. However, the skeletal morphologies associated with TMJ DD were not significantly different between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. As a result, patients with TMJ DD had backward positioning and clockwise rotation compared to those with bilateral normal TMJs, irrespective of the presence of TMJ symptom. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that TMJ DD is associated with altered skeletal morphology, but TMJ symptoms do not significantly influence the relationships between TMJ DD and skeletal morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Mi Jeon
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University , Seoul , Korea (ROK)
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Lim WH, Choi B, Lee JY, Ahn SJ. Dentofacial characteristics in orthodontic patients with centric relation-maximum intercuspation discrepancy. Angle Orthod 2014; 84:939-945. [PMID: 24673658 PMCID: PMC8638492 DOI: 10.2319/123013-949.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate dentofacial characteristics of orthodontic patients with centric relation (CR)-maximum intercuspation (MI) discrepancy and to analyze changes in dentofacial characteristics between CR and MI positions in these patients using lateral cephalograms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult female patients were classified into two groups: large CR-MI discrepancy (greater than 2.0 mm horizontal or vertical mandibular incisor movements during CR to MI change, n = 20) and small CR-MI discrepancy (less than 1.0 mm horizontal and vertical mandibular incisor movements during CR to MI change, n = 22). All subjects underwent temporomandibular joint (TMJ) magnetic resonance imaging prior to treatment. Gnathological stabilizing splints were used to find a reliable CR position in patients with large CR-MI discrepancy. Sixteen variables from lateral cephalograms were analyzed to identify differences in cephalometric variables between CR and MI positions in patients with large discrepancy. Differences in dentofacial cephalometric variables at MI positions between patients with large and small CR-MI discrepancies were also analyzed. RESULTS Patients with large CR-MI discrepancy had backward positioning and rotation of the mandible at the MI position compared to the norm. In addition, the mandible moved more posteriorly and rotated more in a clockwise direction during MI to CR change. Interestingly, all patients with large CR-MI discrepancy had TMJ disk displacement. There were no significant differences in the cephalometric variables of the MI positions between patients with small and large CR-MI discrepancies. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that adult patients with backward positioning and rotation of the mandible should be carefully evaluated as a result of the potential CR-MI discrepancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Hee Lim
- Associate Professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byungtaek Choi
- Clinical Associate Professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Yun Lee
- Associate Professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Associate Professor, Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Ahn SJ, Kim BM, Jung WS, Suh SH. Efficacy of skull plain films in follow-up evaluation of cerebral aneurysms treated with detachable coils: quantitative assessment of coil mass. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014; 36:337-41. [PMID: 25324496 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Skull plain films of coiled aneurysms have been used in a limited role, including morphologic comparison of the coil mass. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of skull plain films in patients treated with detachable coils by using quantitative assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, 78 pairs of the initial and follow-up skull anteroposterior and lateral images were reviewed independently by 2 neuroradiologists. The largest diameter, the perpendicular diameter, and area of the coil mass were measured separately on plain film, and quantitative changes of parameters were compared between subgroups, which were determined by consensus, depending on the need for retreatment. Subgroup analysis was also performed according to aneurysm size, packing attenuation, and ruptured status. RESULTS On skull lateral images, mean quantitative changes of the largest diameter (0.53 ± 0.43 mm versus 1.17 ± 0.91 mm, P < .01), the perpendicular diameter (0.56 ± 0.48 mm versus 1.20 ± 1.05 mm, P < .01), and the area of the coil mass (5.21 ± 7.51 mm(2) versus 10.55 ± 10.93 mm(2), P < .02) differed significantly between subgroups. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed quantitative change of the largest diameter (>1.1 mm; sensitivity, 50.0%; specificity, 90.3%), the perpendicular diameter (>.9 mm; sensitivity, 62.5%; specificity, 85.5%), and the area (>8.5 mm(2); sensitivity, 50.0%; specificity, 83.9%) on skull lateral films to be indicative of aneurysm recurrence, and the diagnostic accuracy of these parameters increased significantly in the high-packing-attenuation group. CONCLUSIONS Quantitative measurement of the coil mass by using skull plain lateral images has the potential to predict aneurysm recurrence in follow-up evaluations of intracranial aneurysms with coiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Ahn
- From the Department of Radiology (S.J.A., W.S.J., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital
| | - B M Kim
- Department of Radiology (B.M.K.)
| | - W S Jung
- From the Department of Radiology (S.J.A., W.S.J., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital
| | - S H Suh
- From the Department of Radiology (S.J.A., W.S.J., S.H.S.), Gangnam Severance Hospital Severance Institute of Vascular and Metabolic Research (S.H.S.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Ahn SJ, Song YD, Mah SJ, Cho EJ, Kook JK. Determination of optimal concentration of deglycyrrhizinated licorice root extract for preventing dental caries using a bacterial model system. J Dent Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Jung WS, Kim H, Park SY, Cho EJ, Ahn SJ. Quantitative analysis of changes in salivary mutans streptococci after orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2014; 145:603-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lee Y, Chang SW, Perinpanayagam H, Yoo YJ, Lim SM, Oh SR, Gu Y, Ahn SJ, Kum KY. Autotransplantation of mesiodens for missing maxillary lateral incisor with cone-beam CT-fabricated model and orthodontics. Int Endod J 2014; 47:896-904. [PMID: 24298936 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Autotransplantation is a viable treatment option for a missing tooth when there is a suitable donor, especially in adolescents with remaining facial growth. This report presents the aesthetic restoration of a missing maxillary lateral incisor through orthodontic treatment and autotransplantation of a mesiodens using a CBCT-fabricated rapid-prototyping model. SUMMARY A 14-year-old male patient with a congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor was referred from the Department of Orthodontics. The teeth were moved orthodontically to regain space for the missing lateral incisor and to close the space of the mesiodens after transplantation. A replica of the donor tooth was fabricated from a cone-beam computed tomography scan through a rapid-prototyping machine before autotransplantation surgery. The model was used to create a socket for the graft tooth, thereby shortening the extra-oral time and minimizing the damage to the root surface. After transplantation and orthodontic tooth movement, the mesiodens was finally restored with an aesthetic laminate restoration. Over 3 years, the aesthetics remained excellent, and the transplant functioned normally without any signs or symptoms of root resorption. KEY LEARNING POINT Missing anterior teeth may be replaced through a combination of orthodontics, autotransplantation with a rapid-prototyping model and prosthodontic restoration, in growing patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
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Burne RA, Zeng L, Ahn SJ, Palmer SR, Liu Y, Lefebure T, Stanhope MJ, Nascimento MM. Progress dissecting the oral microbiome in caries and health. Adv Dent Res 2013; 24:77-80. [PMID: 22899685 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512449462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent rapid advances in "-omics" technologies have yielded new insights into the interaction of the oral microbiome with its host. Associations of species that are usually considered to be acid-tolerant with caries have been confirmed, while some recognized as health-associated are often present in greater proportions in the absence of caries. In addition, some newly identified bacteria have been suggested as potential contributors to the caries process. In spite of this progress, two major challenges remain. The first is that there is a great deal of heterogeneity in the phenotypic capabilities of individual species of oral bacteria. The second is that the most abundant taxa in oral biofilms display remarkable phenotypic plasticity, i.e., the bacteria associated most strongly with health or with caries can morph rapidly in response to alterations in environmental pH, carbohydrate availability and source, and oxygen tension and redox environment. However, new technologic advances coupled with "old-fashioned microbiology" are starting to erode the barriers to a more complete understanding of oral biofilm physiology and ecology, and in doing so are beginning to provide insights for the creation of novel cost-effective caries control therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Burne
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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Jung MH, Baik UB, Ahn SJ. Treatment of anterior open bite and multiple missing teeth with lingual fixed appliances, double jaw surgery, and dental implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2013; 143:S125-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lim BS, Cheng Y, Lee SP, Ahn SJ. Chlorhexidine release from orthodontic adhesives after topical chlorhexidine treatment. Eur J Oral Sci 2013; 121:211-7. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bum-Soon Lim
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Dental Biomaterials; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Yanping Cheng
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Dental Biomaterials; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Seung-Pyo Lee
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Oral Anatomy; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Sug-Joon Ahn
- Dental Research Institute and Department of Orthodontics; School of Dentistry; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
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Joo JK, Lim YJ, Kwon HB, Ahn SJ. Panoramic radiographic evaluation of the mandibular morphological changes in elderly dentate and edentulous subjects. Acta Odontol Scand 2013; 71:357-62. [PMID: 22774938 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2012.690446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to analyze the changes in the gonial angle, ramus height, condyle height and cortical bone thickness in relation to gender and dental status in elderly patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population comprised 240 patients (age ranged from 60-69 years) who had digital panoramic radiographs taken for various purposes. One group consisted of 120 patients, 60 men and 60 women, who had all natural teeth present except for third molars. The second group consisted of the remaining 120 patients (60 men and 60 women) who were in a completely edentulous state (maxilla and mandible). The gonial angle, ramus height, condylar height and cortical bone thickness of the mandible were measured by computer software on their panoramic radiographs. RESULTS Women showed larger gonial angles than men, while men had greater cortical bone thickness and ramus height (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference in condylar height was found between both genders (p > 0.05). Edentulous subjects had a larger gonial angle than dentate subjects, while dentate subjects had greater cortical bone thickness on both sides and left side of condylar height (p < 0.05). The gonial angle had statistically negative correlations with cortical bone thickness and ramus height, regardless of gender. CONCLUSIONS The outcomes of the present study indicate that the edentulous women undergo morphological changes of the mandible influenced by the dental status more than men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Ki Joo
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Nam SE, Park YS, Lee W, Ahn SJ, Lee SP. Making three-dimensional Monson's sphere using virtual dental models. J Dent 2013; 41:336-44. [PMID: 23353067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2013.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Monson's sphere and curve of Wilson can be used as reference for prosthetic reconstructions or orthodontic treatments. This study aimed to generate and measure the three-dimensional (3-D) Monson's sphere and curve of Wilson using virtual dental models and custom software. METHODS Mandibular dental casts from 79 young adults of Korean descent were scanned and rendered as virtual dental models using a 3-D digitizing scanner. 26 landmarks were digitized on the virtual dental models using a custom made software program. The Monson's sphere was estimated by fitting a sphere to the cusp tips using a least-squares method. Two curves of Wilson were generated by finding the intersecting circle between the Monson's sphere and two vertical planes orthogonal to a virtual occlusal plane. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed to test for difference between sex and in cusp number within tooth position. RESULTS The mean radius of Monson's sphere was 110.89 ± 25.75 mm. There were significant differences between males and females in all measurements taken (p<0.01), within 16.87-17.27 mm. Furthermore, morphological variation derived from variability in cusp number in the second premolar and second molar were not found to influence occlusal curvature (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study describes a best-fit algorithm for generating 3-D Monson's sphere using occlusal curves quantified from virtual dental models. The radius of Monson's sphere in Korean subjects was greater than the original four-inch value suggested by Monson. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The Monson's sphere and curve of Wilson can be used as a reference for prosthetic reconstruction and orthodontic treatment. The data found in this study may be applied to improve dental treatment results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Eun Nam
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Dental Research Institute and School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 28-22 Yunkeun-Dong, Chongro-Ku, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea
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