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Lee J, Mu S, Stowe DJ. Revealing the 2D Distribution of Lithium in Cathode Materials Using the Composition-by-Difference Method. Microsc Microanal 2023; 29:1988-1990. [PMID: 37612940 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Gatan Inc., Pleasanton, CA, United States
| | - S Mu
- EDAX, LLC, Pleasanton, CA, United States
| | - D J Stowe
- Gatan Inc., Pleasanton, CA, United States
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Lee J, Mu S, Stowe DJ. Trace Element Identification and Quantification in Solar Cell Materials Using Energy Dispersive and Cathodoluminescence Spectroscopy. Microsc Microanal 2023; 29:1991-1993. [PMID: 37612939 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Lee
- Gatan Inc, Pleasanton, California, United States of America
| | - S Mu
- EDAX LLC, Pleasanton, California, United States of America
| | - D J Stowe
- Gatan Inc, Pleasanton, California, United States of America
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Gamlin CR, Schneider-Mizell CM, Mallory M, Elabbady L, Gouwens N, Williams G, Mukora A, Dalley R, Bodor A, Brittain D, Buchanan J, Bumbarger D, Kapner D, Kinn S, Mahalingam G, Seshamani S, Takeno M, Torres R, Yin W, Nicovich PR, Bae JA, Castro MA, Dorkenwald S, Halageri A, Jia Z, Jordan C, Kemnitz N, Lee K, Li K, Lu R, Macrina T, Mitchell E, Mondal SS, Mu S, Nehoran B, Popovych S, Silversmith W, Turner NL, Wong W, Wu J, Yu S, Berg J, Jarsky T, Lee B, Seung HS, Zeng H, Reid RC, Collman F, da Costa NM, Sorensen SA. Integrating EM and Patch-seq data: Synaptic connectivity and target specificity of predicted Sst transcriptomic types. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.22.533857. [PMID: 36993629 PMCID: PMC10055412 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.22.533857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Neural circuit function is shaped both by the cell types that comprise the circuit and the connections between those cell types 1 . Neural cell types have previously been defined by morphology 2, 3 , electrophysiology 4, 5 , transcriptomic expression 6-8 , connectivity 9-13 , or even a combination of such modalities 14-16 . More recently, the Patch-seq technique has enabled the characterization of morphology (M), electrophysiology (E), and transcriptomic (T) properties from individual cells 17-20 . Using this technique, these properties were integrated to define 28, inhibitory multimodal, MET-types in mouse primary visual cortex 21 . It is unknown how these MET-types connect within the broader cortical circuitry however. Here we show that we can predict the MET-type identity of inhibitory cells within a large-scale electron microscopy (EM) dataset and these MET-types have distinct ultrastructural features and synapse connectivity patterns. We found that EM Martinotti cells, a well defined morphological cell type 22, 23 known to be Somatostatin positive (Sst+) 24, 25 , were successfully predicted to belong to Sst+ MET-types. Each identified MET-type had distinct axon myelination patterns and synapsed onto specific excitatory targets. Our results demonstrate that morphological features can be used to link cell type identities across imaging modalities, which enables further comparison of connectivity in relation to transcriptomic or electrophysiological properties. Furthermore, our results show that MET-types have distinct connectivity patterns, supporting the use of MET-types and connectivity to meaningfully define cell types.
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Wang B, Hu Z, Zhao L, Mu S, Dou Z, Wang P, Jin N, Lu X, Xu X, Liang T, Duan Y, Xiong Y. Regulation of CB1R/AMPK/PGC-1α signal pathway on the changes of mitochondria in heart and cardiomyocytes of mice with chronic intermittent hypoxia of different severity. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Wu W, Xuan Y, Ge Y, Mu S, Hu C, Fan R. Plasma miR-146a and miR-365 expression and inflammatory factors in patients with osteoarthritis. Malays J Pathol 2021; 43:311-317. [PMID: 34448795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression levels of micro-ribonucleic acid (miR)-146a and miR-365 in the plasma of osteoarthritis (OA) patients, to study their expression with the inflammatory factors and the severity of disease in patients and to analyse their diagnostic significance. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 42 OA patients diagnosed with OA and treated in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were selected as the subjects, and 28 healthy people were enrolled as controls. The expressions of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and IL-6 in the plasma of OA patients were detected via immunohistochemical staining. Moreover, the knee joint function of OA patients was evaluated by Lysholm score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) score and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score. The expression levels of plasma miR-146a and miR-365 in OA patients were measured through RT-PCR. Besides, the significance of the expression levels of miR-146a and miR-365 for the diagnosis of OA was analysed by ROC curves. RESULTS As compared with healthy people, OA patients had elevated expression levels of plasma IL-1β and IL-6, decreased Lysholm score, increased WOMAC and VAS scores as well as significantly up-regulated levels of plasma miR-146a and miR-365, which were of important significance for diagnosis. CONCLUSION The expression levels of plasma miR-146a, miR-365 and inflammatory factors are notably higher, the disease is more severe, and the function of knee joint movement is weaker in OA patients than those in healthy controls. It can be concluded that the levels of both miR-146a and miR-365 can serve as biomarkers of OA diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wu
- The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, Department of Orthopedic, PLA, China, 214000.
| | - Y Xuan
- The second People's Hospital of Hefei, Department of Orthopedic, China, 230011
| | - Y Ge
- The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, Department of Orthopedic, PLA, China, 214000
| | - S Mu
- The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, Department of Orthopedic, PLA, China, 214000
| | - C Hu
- The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, Department of Orthopedic, PLA, China, 214000
| | - R Fan
- The 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, Department of Orthopedic, PLA, China, 214000
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Li H, He YL, Li R, Wong C, Sy B, Lam CW, Lam K, Peng HM, Mu S, Schooling M, Yeung W, Ho PC, Ng E. Age-specific reference ranges of serum anti-müllerian hormone in healthy women and its application in diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome: a population study. BJOG 2020; 127:720-728. [PMID: 32009280 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the age-specific centiles of serum anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in Chinese women, and to explore the use of multiples of median (MoM) AMH levels for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN An observational study. SETTING University-affiliated hospitals and community clinics. POPULATION We included 3137 healthy women aged 20-44 years recruited prospectively or who had archived serum samples from previous research projects. Another validation cohort of 751 women with PCOS as well as ovulatory controls, which was a convenient sample of women attending for infertility or menstrual disorders, was also studied. METHODS The serum samples were assayed for AMH by the automated Access AMH assay. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Age-specific reference ranges were constructed on the primary cohort with the Lambda-Mu-Sigma method. The MoM AMH of each subject in the validation cohort was calculated. RESULTS Centile curves of serum AMH level against age were established. MoM AMH was significantly higher in women with PCOS than in controls (P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve was 0.852 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.825-0.877) (P < 0.0001) for discriminating women with PCOS from ovulatory controls by MoM AMH. CONCLUSIONS We established a set of year-by-year age-specific reference ranges of serum AMH levels in Chinese women. The MoM AMH derived from this set of reference ranges is a promising tool to replace antral follicle count in the diagnosis of PCOS. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT A set of age-specific reference ranges of AMH levels was established in Chinese women. Multiples of median AMH may be used to diagnose PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwr Li
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,The Family Planning Association of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y-L He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - R Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cyg Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,The Family Planning Association of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - B Sy
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C W Lam
- Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ksl Lam
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - H-M Peng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - S Mu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - M Schooling
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wsb Yeung
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - P C Ho
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ehy Ng
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Voskoboynik M, Mileshkin L, Gan H, Millward M, Au-Yeung G, Meniawy T, Kichenadasse G, Zhang K, Zhang M, Mu S, Lickliter J. Safety, antitumor activity, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of pamiparib (BGB-290), a PARP1/2 inhibitor, in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumours: Updated phase I dose-escalation/expansion results. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz244.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Stradella A, Johnson M, Goel S, Chandana S, Galsky M, Calvo E, Moreno V, Park H, Arkenau HT, Cervantes A, Madrid LF, Mileshkin L, Plummer R, Evans J, Horvath L, Prawira A, Pelham R, Mu S, Andreu-Vieyra C, Barve M. Updated results of the PARP1/2 inhibitor pamiparib in combination with low-dose (ld) temozolomide (TMZ) in patients (pts) with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumours. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz244.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Johnson M, Galsky M, Barve M, Goel S, Park H, Du B, Mu S, Ramakrishnan V, Wood K, Wang V, Lakhani N. Preliminary results of pamiparib (BGB-290), a PARP1/2 inhibitor, in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in patients (pts) with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy279.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wu X, Wang J, Zhou Q, Gu T, Zhang K, Liang J, Mu S, Ge R, Yang H, Huang V, Brachmann R, Wang L, Li M. Pamiparib, a novel PARP 1/2 inhibitor, monotherapy for gBRCAm patients with recurrent ovarian, fallopian, and primary peritoneal cancer: An open-label, multicenter, phase II trial in China. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy285.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mu S, Tee BC, Emam H, Zhou Y, Sun Z. Culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cell sheets enhance extraction-site alveolar bone growth: An animal study. J Periodontal Res 2018; 53:514-524. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Mu
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University; Harbin China
| | - B. C. Tee
- Division of Biosciences; College of Dentistry; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - H. Emam
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; College of Dentistry; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - Y. Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
| | - Z. Sun
- Division of Orthodontics; College of Dentistry; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH USA
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Mu S, Cui Y, Wang W, Wang L, Xu H, Zhu O, Zhu D. A RHAG point mutation selectively disrupts Rh antigen expression. Transfus Med 2018; 29:121-127. [PMID: 29508504 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to characterise a novel mutation in the gene encoding RhAG in order to elucidate a molecular mechanism for Rh antigen expression and spherocytosis. BACKGROUND Rhesus-associated glycoprotein (RhAG) is critical for maintaining the structure and stability of erythrocytes. Single missense mutations in the gene encoding RhAG are sufficient to induce spherocytosis and deficiencies in Rh complex formation. We report a novel missense mutation that incompletely disrupts Rh antigen expression and selectively knocks out RhD antigen expression. METHODS Blood samples were taken from a 38-year-old male, his brother, his wife and his daughter in Xi'an, China. To detect the proband's RhAG and D antigen expression, the RBC were stained with anti-D and anti-RhAG and analysed by flow cytometry. Red blood cell morphology was detected with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood samples, and the RHD, RHCE and RHAG alleles were sequenced and analysed. The mutation was mapped onto a predicted crystal structure of RhAG by the I-TASSER server and visualised using PyMOL. RESULTS Morphological testing by AFM found clear evidence of spherocytosis in the proband's erythrocytes. RHAG gene sequencing identified the mutation at sequence 236G > A, resulting in a serine to asparagine substitution at residue 79 (S79N). Family survey indicated that inheriting this allele is necessary and sufficient to cause the condition. Mapping the mutation onto a predicted crystal structure of RhAG revealed the proximity of the mutation to the critical structural elements of the protein. CONCLUSIONS A novel RHAG mutation significantly lowers RhAG antigen expression and antigen-mediated agglutination intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Y Cui
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - W Wang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - H Xu
- Shanxi Blood Center, Xi'an, China
| | - O Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - D Zhu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Liu W, Mu S, Yao J, Chen H, Hu Z, Hu J, Chirn G, Kang H, Wang K, Yao M. Analytical and clinical validation of a next-generation sequencing-based circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay assures its clinical application. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx378.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Zou C, Liu X, Liu R, Wang M, Sui M, Mu S, Li L, Ji L, Xie R. Effect of the oral iron chelator deferiprone in diabetic nephropathy rats. J Diabetes 2017; 9:332-340. [PMID: 27121697 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the iron chelator deferiprone in diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats and the mechanisms involved. METHODS Thirty-two male Wistar rats (180-220 g, 6 weeks old) were randomly divided into a control group, a DN group and two DN groups treated with either 50 or 100 mg/kg per day deferiprone. The DN group was established by feeding of a high-carbohydrate-fat diet and injection of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin into the vena caudalis. The duration of deferiprone treatment was 20 weeks. Histopathological changes were detected by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining, as well as transmission electron microscopy. Levels of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, tissue-specific inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2, and nitrotyrosine were determined in kidney tissues using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Histopathological observations showed that deferiprone treatment alleviated inflammation infiltrates and collagenous fibrosis in DN rats. Results from RT-PCR and western blotting indicated that deferiprone inhibited the expression of NF-κB, MCP-1, COX-2, and nitrotyrosine, which were overexpressed in DN rats. Immunohistochemistry showed that the mechanism of deferiprone action may involve regulation of MMP-9 and TIMP-1. Decreased MMP-9 expression and increased TIMP-1 expression in DN rats were significantly promoted and inhibited by deferiprone, respectively. CONCLUSION Iron chelation by oral deferiprone has a renoprotective effect in DN rats by relieving oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis, which is related to the cytokines NF-κB, MCP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-1, COX-2, and nitrotyrosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Zou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruichan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Manshu Sui
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Suhong Mu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liqi Ji
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rujuan Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Liu J, Jing L, Zhang Y, Song Y, Wang Y, Li C, Wang Y, Mu S, Paliwal N, Meng H, Linfante I, Yang X. O-017 Recurrent Intracranial Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysms After Stent-assisted Coil Embolization-A Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis. J Neurointerv Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2016-012589.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Beniwal S, Zhang X, Mu S, Naim A, Rosa P, Chastanet G, Létard JF, Liu J, Sterbinsky GE, Arena DA, Dowben PA, Enders A. Surface-induced spin state locking of the [Fe(H2B(pz)2)2(bipy)] spin crossover complex. J Phys Condens Matter 2016; 28:206002. [PMID: 27121917 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/20/206002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Temperature- and coverage-dependent studies of the Au(1 1 1)-supported spin crossover Fe(II) complex (SCO) of the type [Fe(H2B(pz)2)2(bipy)] with a suite of surface-sensitive spectroscopy and microscopy tools show that the substrate inhibits thermally induced transitions of the molecular spin state, so that both high-spin and low-spin states are preserved far beyond the spin transition temperature of free molecules. Scanning tunneling microscopy confirms that [Fe(H2B(pz)2)2(bipy)] grows as ordered, molecular bilayer islands at sub-monolayer coverage and as disordered film at higher coverage. The temperature dependence of the electronic structure suggest that the SCO films exhibit a mixture of spin states at room temperature, but upon cooling below the spin crossover transition the film spin state is best described as a mix of high-spin and low-spin state molecules of a ratio that is constant. This locking of the spin state is most likely the result of a substrate-induced conformational change of the interfacial molecules, but it is estimated that also the intra-atomic electron-electron Coulomb correlation energy, or Hubbard correlation energy U, could be an additional contributing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Beniwal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
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Liu X, Zou C, Yu C, Xie R, Sui M, Mu S, Li L, Zhao S. Original Research: Atorvastatin prevents rat cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by parathyroid hormone 1-34 associated with the Ras-ERK signaling. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:1745-50. [PMID: 27190264 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216649259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of atorvastatin (Ator) on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy (CMH) induced by rat parathyroid hormone 1-34 (PTH1-34) and Ras-extracellular signal regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling. Rat cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into seven groups: normal controls (NC), PTH1-34 (10(-7) mol/L), Ator (10(-5) mol/L), farnesyl transferase inhibitors-276 (FTI-276, 4 × 10(-5) mol/L), PTH1-34 + Ator, PTH1-34 + FTI-276 and PTH1-34 + Ator + mevalonic acid (MVA, 10(-4) mol/L). After treatment, the hypertrophic responses of cardiomyocytes were assessed by measuring cell diameter, detecting protein synthesis, and single-cell protein content. The concentrations of hypertrophic markers such as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured by ELISA. Protein expressions of ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2 and Ras were detected by western blotting. The results showed that compared with the PTH1-34 group, cellular diameter, 3H-leucine incorporation, single-cell protein content, ANP and BNP concentration decreased by 12.07 µm, 1622 cpm/well, 84.34 pg, 7.13 ng/L and 20.04 µg/L, respectively, and the expressions of Ras and p-ERK1/2 were downregulated in PTH1-34 + Ator group (P < 0.05). Compared to the PTH1-34 + Ator group, the corresponding hypertrophic responses and hypertrophic markers increased by 4.95 µm, 750 cpm/well, 49.08 pg, 3.12 ng/L and 9.35 µg/L, respectively, and the expressions of Ras and p-ERK1/2 were upregulated in the PTH1-34 + Ator + MVA group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Ator prevents neonatal rat CMH induced by PTH1-34 and Ras-ERK signaling may be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chunbo Zou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chengyuan Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Rujuan Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Manshu Sui
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Suhong Mu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shilei Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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Mu S, Han L, Zhou G, Mo C, Duan J, He Z, Wang Z, Ren L, Zhang J. Protein regulation of induced pluripotent stem cells by transplanting in a Huntington's animal model. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2016; 42:521-34. [PMID: 26859760 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Mu
- Psychology & Social College of Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
| | - L. Han
- School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
| | - G. Zhou
- School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
| | - C. Mo
- School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
| | - J. Duan
- School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
| | - Z. He
- School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
| | - Z. Wang
- Department of Neurology; Shenzhen Shekou People's Hospital; Shenzhen China
| | - L. Ren
- Department of Neurology; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University); Shenzhen China
| | - J. Zhang
- School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
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Porro M, Sharma S, Witteveen P, Lolkema M, Hess D, Gelderblom H, Hussain S, Waldron E, Valera S, Mu S. 572 Oral panobinostat in patients with advanced tumors and impaired renal function: Relationship between pharmacokinetics and key safety parameters. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)70698-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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You JM, Wang QH, Lin XM, Guo J, Ai LQ, Zhang MD, Mu S, Guo XL, He YS, Liu HH, Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhao RJ, Wang S. First Report of Gray Mold of Rhizoma paridis Caused by Botrytis cinerea in China. Plant Dis 2014; 98:1434. [PMID: 30703970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoma paridis is a perennial, traditional Chinese medicinal herb. In May 2013, a disease was observed in an approximately 10 ha cultivated field in Enshi, Hubei Province, China. Approximately 80% of plants in the field were affected. Symptoms were visible on the basal leaves of affected plants. Chlorosis followed by necrosis started at the leaf tips and margins and gradually spread inward until the entire leaf was necrotic. Thick, gray mycelium and conidia were visible on both sides surface of leaves under wet, humid conditions. The leading edge of the chlorotic leaves was excised from 20 plant samples surface disinfested with 1% NaOCl solution for 1 min, rinsed in sterile water, air dried, and placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Plates were incubated at 22°C in the dark. Mycelia were initially hyaline and white, and became dark gray after 72 h. Mycelia were septate with dark branched conidiophores. Conidia were smooth, hyaline, ovoid, aseptate, and ranged from 8 to 14.5 × 7 to 8.5 μm. Numerous hard, small, irregular, and black sclerotia that were 1 to 3 × 2 to 5 mm were visible on PDA plates after 12 days. The fungus was identified as Botrytis cinerea on the basis of these characters (1). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA was amplified using the ITS1 and ITS4 primer and sequenced (GenBank Accession No. KF265499). BLAST analysis of the PCR product showed 99% identity to Botryotinia fuckeliana (perfect stage of B. cinerea) (EF207415.1, EF207414.1). The pathogen was further identified to the species level as B. cinerea using gene sequences from glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH), heat-shock protein 60 (HSP60), and DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunit II (RPB2) (2) (KJ638600, KJ638602, and KJ638601). Pathogenicity was tested by spraying the foliage of 40 two-year-old plants with a suspension of 106 conidia per ml of sterile distilled water. Each plant received 30 ml of the inoculum. Ten healthy potted plants were inoculated with sterilized water as control. All plants were covered with plastic bags for 5 days after inoculation to maintain high relative humidity and were placed in a growth chamber at 22°C. The first foliar lesions developed on leaves 7 days after inoculation and were similar to those observed in the field. No symptoms developed on the control plants. B. cinerea was consistently re-isolated from all artificially inoculated plants. The pathogenicity test was completed twice. To our knowledge, this is the first report of gray mold of R. paridis caused by B. cinerea in China. The root of R. paridis is the most commonly used Chinese herbal medicine to treat viper bites. In recent years, cultivation of this herb has increased in China because of its high value. Consequently, the economic importance of this disease is likely to increase with the greater prevalence of this host species. References: (1) H. L. Barnett and B. B. Hunter. Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi. Burgess Publishing Company, Minneapolis, MN, 1972. (2) M. Staats et al. Mol. Biol. Evol. 22:333, 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M You
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - Q H Wang
- Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - X M Lin
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - J Guo
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - L Q Ai
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - M D Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - S Mu
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - X L Guo
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - Y S He
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - H H Liu
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - H Wang
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - R J Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Enshi, Hubei, 445000, China
| | - S Wang
- Biology and Pharmacy Engineering Department of Shangluo University, Shangluo, Shanxi, 726000, China
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Sui M, Zhou J, Xie R, Liu X, Mu S, Jia X, Ma J, Wu H. The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist FTY720 prevents the development of anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:389-97. [PMID: 21833515 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-0750-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) agonist FTY720 prolongs the survival of organ allograft and attenuates autoimmune-mediated injury in experimental models. Most cases of glomerulonephritis (GN) in human appear to be immunologically initiated. In this study, we evaluated the potential therapeutic role of FTY720 in GN via a mouse anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) model. Mice were immunized with rabbit IgG in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) followed by an intravenous injection of a rabbit anti-mouse GBM serum. Disease and immune responses were assessed on day 14. Mice were treated with FTY720 (0.3 or 3 mg/kg) and prednisone (10 mg/kg) from days 0 to 14. The S1P modulator reduced proteinuria, serum creatinine, crescent formation and serum IgG level. The expressions of splenic S1P receptor and renal Th-1 cytokine were also inhibited at the transcription stage. Treatment with FTY720 increased splenocyte production of protective Th2 cytokine IL-4 and promoted the apoptosis of splenic CD4+ T cells in the animal models, which suggests that FTY720 played a protective role at the induction stage of GN by inhibiting mRNA expressions of splenic S1P receptor 1, S1P receptor 2, and S1P receptor 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manshu Sui
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
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Wang M, Liu R, Jia X, Mu S, Xie R. N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline attenuates renal inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in rats. Int J Mol Med 2011; 26:795-801. [PMID: 21042772 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm_00000527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP) attenuates renal and cardiac inflammation as well as fibrosis in hypertensive rats. In this study, we investigated these effects using a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model. Eighteen male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, UUO/vehicle and UUO/Ac-SDKP groups. Animal models of renal inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis were established with unilateral ureteral ligation in rats. Ac-SDKP and vehicle were infused subcutaneously by using osmotic mini pumps for two weeks. On the 14th day post-injection, kidney histological changes of each group were observed by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's stain. Renal macrophage infiltration, together with protein expression and localization of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in renal tissue was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. Gene expression of MCP-1 and TGF-β1 was analyzed with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Ac-SDKP-treated animals demonstrated less severe renal inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Interstitial fibrosis was significantly attenuated with Ac-SDKP. ED-1 was expressed in the interstitium of the UUO/vehicle group kidneys and decreased with Ac-SDKP treatment. MCP-1, NF-κB, α-SMA and TGF-β1 were increased in the renal interstitium and tubular epithelial cells of the UUO/vehicle group. Ac-SDKP significantly reduced their expressions. Gene expressions of MCP-1 and TGF-β1 were upregulated in the UUO/vehicle group kidneys and were significantly inhibited by Ac-SDKP. In conclusion, in the rat UUO model Ac-SDKP administration protected against renal inflammation and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. The inhibitory effect of Ac-SDKP was mediated by the reduction in the expression of MCP-1, NF-κB, α-SMA and TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, P.R. China
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Mu S, Moro-Oka T, Johal P, Hamai S, Freeman MAR, Banks SA. Comparison of static and dynamic knee kinematics during squatting. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2011; 26:106-8. [PMID: 20870324 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND there long has been debate whether static knee kinematics measured using magnetic resonance imaging are the same as knee kinematics in dynamic weight-bearing motion. Magnetic resonance imaging provides excellent volumetric detail but is static. Fluoroscopic imaging provides for dynamic observation of knee kinematics but provides no direct observation of the soft-tissue structures. We attempted to answer the question 'Are knee kinematics the same during static and dynamic squatting?' METHODS knee kinematics data from two previously reported studies of healthy knee kinematics during squatting from 0° to 120° were obtained. The results of the dynamic fluoroscopic study were reformatted to perform a direct comparison of femoral anteroposterior translation and internal-external rotation with the static magnetic resonance imaging study. FINDINGS comparison of internal-external rotations and lateral femoral condyle anteroposterior translations did not reveal significant differences between static and dynamic data. The medial femoral condyle demonstrated 0 (SD=3) mm posterior translation during dynamic squatting from 0° to 120° flexion compared to 5 (SD=3) mm posterior translation during static squatting (P=0.01, Cohen's d=1.7). INTERPRETATION for squatting types of motions, static and dynamic study protocols appear to produce equivalent knee kinematics with no functionally important differences. Differences in medial condyle translations can be attributed to differences in foot position during the study. Investigators can choose the modality that best fits their goals and resources with the knowledge that the results for squatting activities are comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mu
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Yang X, Mu S, Lv M, Li L, Wu Z. Endovascular treatment of huge dissecting aneurysms involving the basilar artery. Experience and lessons from two cases. Interv Neuroradiol 2008; 13:369-80. [PMID: 20566106 DOI: 10.1177/159101990701300408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Accepted: 11/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY Dissecting aneurysms involving the basilar artery (BA) are lesions with significant morbidity and mortality. Their management is controversial and often difficult. There is no generally approved strategy. Two cases of huge dissections involving the BA presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage in one case and mass effect in both cases. The dissection of case 1 involved the upper two thirds of the BA distal to the anterior inferior cerebellar arteries (AICA). Another dissection of case 2 involved the bilateral vertebral arteries (VA) distal to bilateral PICA and extended to upper third of the BA. After making a basket with coils inside the pseudoaneursym, proximal dissection was totally occluded in case 1. Dissection on the bilateral VA distal to the bilateral PICA and proximal BA was occluded in case 2 with a small residual dissection on the left VA. Case 1 had an excellent recovery with a durable image and clinical result. But recanalization and regrowth occurred in case 2, which might have originated from the residual dissection on the left VA, induced acute mass effect and sudden coma six weeks after the initial treatment. The residual and regrown dissection had to be occluded in a second intervention. The patient died two days later. BA occlusion is safe and efficient for dissections involving the BA as in our case and the literature. Proximal occlusion might be enough for huge and long lesions like ours. It seems that completely dense packing of proximal dissection is the key point to prevent recanalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yang
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing; China -
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Kanwal C, Mu S, Kern SE, Lim CS. Bidirectional on/off switch for controlled targeting of proteins to subcellular compartments. J Control Release 2004; 98:379-93. [PMID: 15312994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2004] [Accepted: 05/20/2004] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A regulatable fusion protein was constructed for controlling the localization of plasmid products. A ligand-inducible nuclear localization signal, nuclear export signal (NES) and a truncated form of the ligand binding domain of the progesterone receptor were attached to the desired protein. Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) was used as a model protein and its trafficking between the nucleus and cytoplasm was studied using fluorescence microscopy in response to the ligand, mifepristone. It was found that the protein trafficking into the nucleus was dose dependent with ligand concentration. Increasing the ligand dose from 1 to 100 nM enhanced import and reduced the rate of export of the fusion protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using an export signal and a ligand-inducible nuclear import signal as a bi-directional on/off switch with potential use for controlled targeting of therapeutic proteins to subcellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kanwal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, 421 Wakara Way #318, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
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Luo S, Liu X, Mu S, Tsai SP, Wen CP. Asbestos related diseases from environmental exposure to crocidolite in Da-yao, China. I. Review of exposure and epidemiological data. Occup Environ Med 2003; 60:35-41; discussion 41-2. [PMID: 12499455 PMCID: PMC1740384 DOI: 10.1136/oem.60.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scattered patches of crocidolite, one form of asbestos, were found in the surface soil in the rural county of Da-yao in southwestern China. In 1983, researchers from the West China University of Medical Sciences (WCUMS) discovered that residents of two villages in Da-yao had hyperendemic pleural plaques and excessive numbers of pleural mesotheliomas. AIMS To review and summarise epidemiological studies, along with other relevant data, and to discuss the potential contribution to environmental risk assessment. METHODS This report is based on a review of several clinical/epidemiological studies conducted by WCUMS researchers since 1984, which included one cross sectional medical examination survey, one clinical/pathological analysis of 46 cases of mesothelioma, and three retrospective cohort mortality studies. Additional information acquired from reviewing original data first hand during a personal visit along with an interview of medical specialists from Da-yao County Hospital was also incorporated. RESULTS The prevalence of pleural plaque was 20% among peasants in Da-yao over 40 years of age in the cross sectional survey. The average number of mesothelioma cases was 6.6 per year in the 1984-95 period and 22 per year in the 1996-99 period, in a population of 68 000. For those mesothelioma cases that were histology confirmed, there were 3.8 cases/year in the first period and 9 cases/year in the second. Of the 2175 peasants in this survey, 16 had asbestosis. Lung cancer deaths were significantly increased in all three cohort studies. The annual mortality rate for mesothelioma was 85 per million, 178 per million, and 365 per million for the three cohort studies, respectively. The higher exposed peasants had a fivefold increased mesothelioma mortality compared to their lower exposed counterparts. There were no cases of mesothelioma in the comparison groups where no crocidolite was known to exist in the environment. In the third cohort study, almost one of five cancer deaths (22%) was from mesothelioma. The ratio of lung cancer to mesothelioma deaths was low for all three studies (1.3, 3.0, and 1.2, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The observation of numerous mesothelioma cases at Da-yao was a unique finding, due mainly to their lifetime exposure to crocidolite asbestos. The finding of cases dying at a younger age and the relatively high ratio of mesothelioma cases to lung cancer could also be another unique result of lifetime environmental exposure to crocidolite asbestos. Although the commercial use of crocidolite has been officially banned since 1984, the incidence of mesothelioma has continued to show a steady increase, particularly among peasants. Since the latency of mesothelioma is approximately 30-40 years, the ban had little effect in the 1990s. The increased awareness and changes in diagnosis over time may also contribute to the increase. Furthermore, exposure to asbestos stoves and walls continued. The government implemented reduction of these exposures. However, from a public health standpoint, the most important issue is the complete avoidance of further exposure to asbestos.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Luo
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, West China University of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Yoshida H, Hamano S, Senaldi G, Covey T, Faggioni R, Mu S, Xia M, Wakeham AC, Nishina H, Potter J, Saris CJ, Mak TW. WSX-1 is required for the initiation of Th1 responses and resistance to L. major infection. Immunity 2001; 15:569-78. [PMID: 11672539 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(01)00206-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
WSX-1 is a class I cytokine receptor with homology to the IL-12 receptors. The physiological role of WSX-1, which is expressed mainly in T cells, was investigated in gene-targeted WSX-1-deficient mice. IFN-gamma production was reduced in isolated WSX-1(-/-) T cells subjected to primary stimulation in vitro to induce Th1 differentiation but was normal in fully differentiated and activated WSX-1(-/-) Th1 cells that had received secondary stimulation. WSX-1(-/-) mice were remarkably susceptible to Leishmania major infection, showing impaired IFN-gamma production early in the infection. However, IFN-gamma production during the later phases of the infection was not impaired in the knockout. WSX-1(-/-) mice also showed poorly differentiated granulomas with dispersed accumulations of mononuclear cells when infected with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Thus, WSX-1 is essential for the initial mounting of Th1 responses but dispensable for their maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshida
- The Amgen Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada
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Feng YH, Zhou L, Zhao JY, Huang F, Mu S. [Effects on fiber regeneration following facial nerve transection treated with NOS antagonist]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 2000; 14:415-8. [PMID: 12563916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the role of nitric oxide synthase antagonist, N-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) in the regeneration of facial nerve following facial nerve transection. METHOD The facial nerves of 40 guinea pigs were exposed and a segment of the nerve at 3 mm length were excided. The two ends of the transected nerve were sutured and enveloped in a silicone tubule to form a regeneration chamber. L-NAME and saline were respectively injected into the regeneration chambers just after transection. The experiments were observed quantificational by the means of axon and myelin staining under light microscope. RESULT The findings in the work indicate that inhibition of NOS with L-NAME substantially better myelinated facial nerve regeneration than that associated with administration of saline. CONCLUSION L-NAME improve the regeneration of myelinated fibers. The mechanism seems to be related to the blockade of NO's neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renji Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200001
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Wang X, Mu S, Ao J, Zhou G. [Acoustic densitometry for quantification of renal allografts microcirculation and microstructure]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2000; 38:589-91. [PMID: 11832114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a new method for observing renal allografts microcirculation and microstructure with acoustic densitometry (integrated backscatter, contrast, second harmonics). METHODS 27 patients with renal allografts were investigated by Doppler, IBS, contrast and second harmonics. Renal allografts failed age in 5 patients 20-61 years. Intravenous injection of SHU-508A was given, compared with pre-injection by quantitative assessment of acoustic densitometry (AD) of renal microstructure. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the peak intensity, the area under the curve and the half-time of wash-out between pre-injection and injection contrast agent. The wish-in and wish-out curve was shown in a peak shape. The renal allografts with acute rejection were significantly lower than the control group in AD (P < 0.05). No contrast opacification of renal microstructure was present in 5 failed renal allografts and the wish-in and wish-out curve appeared in a straight line shape. CONCLUSION AD is safe, and efficient in assessing renal allografts microstructure. It more sensitive in detecting allograft complication such as rejection than Doppler.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- Department of Utrasound, General Hospital, People Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
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Yan XQ, Lacey DL, Saris C, Mu S, Hill D, Hawley RG, Fletcher FA. Ectopic overexpression of c-mpl by retroviral-mediated gene transfer suppressed megakaryopoiesis but enhanced erythropoiesis in mice. Exp Hematol 1999; 27:1409-17. [PMID: 10480432 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-472x(99)00069-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this report, we tested whether ectopic overexpression of a cell surface receptor cDNA could be used to explore the physiological roles of that receptor. We generated c-mpl overexpressing animals by reconstituting mice with retroviral vector-transduced bone marrow (BM) cells. We observed that platelet counts in the c-mpl overexpressing mice failed to recover to normal levels and remained at <200 x 10(6)/mL post-transplantation, while platelet numbers in the control mice returned to > 800 x 10(6)/mL by 4 weeks post-transplantation. However, platelet counts in the c-mpl overexpressing mice could be stimulated to normal levels after administration of rhMGDF. No significant changes in peripheral leukocyte counts were observed, although the number of CFU-E, GM-CFC, and CFC-multi were reduced two- to threefold in the BM of the c-mpl overexpressing mice. In addition, enhanced erythropoiesis was observed in the c-mpl overexpressing mice. The mpl receptors on erythroid cells were functional as demonstrated by tyrosine-phosphorylation of mpl receptor on RBC and by in vitro erythroid colony-formation in response to MGDF stimulation, respectively. These results suggested that ectopically expressed mpl receptors competed for ligand in vivo leading to an insufficient amount of circulating thrombopoietin (Tpo) for the development of megakaryocytic lineage. These results further suggest that, in addition to sequestering circulating Tpo, overexpression of the mpl receptor on erythroid progenitors may directly contribute to enhanced erythropoiesis in vivo. Our studies demonstrate that ectopic overexpression of a receptor by retroviral-mediated gene transfer provides an approach to explore the biological roles of novel receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Yan
- Department of Pathology, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320-1789, USA.
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Mu S, He Q, Chen Y. [Investigation and analysis of the diagnostic status of bronchial asthma]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 1998; 21:601-3. [PMID: 11477877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of delayed diagnosis of the bronchial asthma and related factors. METHOD 57 asthmatic outpatients were investigated randomly by questionnaire including main symptoms of asthmatic attack, the date of initial attack, the date of initial visit physician, and initial diagnosis, the basis of diagnosis and the names of misdiagnosed diseases. Then according to the above-mentioned data the duration of delayed diagnosis, the rate of delayed diagnosis were calculated. RESULT 96% of outpatients saw physician within 1 yr. after initial attack. The duration from initial visit to making diagnosis were 11.1 +/- 2.3, and 1.5 +/- 0.3 yr. before and after 1980, respectively, and their rate of delayed diagnosis were 75%, 15%, respectively. Both of their differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). Only 20% of diagnosis of asthma was by pulmonary function test. CONCLUSION The majority of the delayed diagnosis should be due to making the mis-understanding and underattention of physician to the asthma, and their diagnostic levels should need further improving.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100044
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Luo S, Zhang Y, Mu S, Zhang C, Ma T, Liu X. [The risk of lung cancer and mesothelioma in farmers exposed to crocidolite in environment]. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1998; 29:63-5. [PMID: 10683983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
To assess the risk of lung cancer and mesothelioma after environmental exposure to crocidolite for 20-30 years, a retrospective cohort study was carried out in farmers who had been exposed to crocidolite in environment. 1610 subjects were followed up for 9 years (Jan. 1, 1987 Dec. 31, 1995). The control group consisted of 7646 farmers who resided in the noncrocidolite pollution rural area in the same province. The results showed that the annual mortality rate was 43.75 per 100,000 population for lung cancer, and 36.46 per 100,000 for mesothelioma. Significantly high risks of lung cancer (RR 5.67) and mesothelioma (RR 182.3) were noted. These results demonstrate a strong causal association between lung cancer, mesothelioma and exposure to crocidolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Luo
- Research Unit of Pneumoconiosis, School of Public Health, Chengdu
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Yan XQ, Lacey D, Fletcher F, Hartley C, McElroy P, Sun Y, Xia M, Mu S, Saris C, Hill D, Hawley RG, McNiece IK. Chronic exposure to retroviral vector encoded MGDF (mpl-ligand) induces lineage-specific growth and differentiation of megakaryocytes in mice. Blood 1995; 86:4025-33. [PMID: 7492757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF) has recently been identified as a ligand for the c-mpl receptor. Using retroviral-mediated gene transfer, MGDF has been overexpressed in mice to evaluate the systematic effects due to chronic exposure to this growth factor. MGDF overexpressing mice had more rapid platelet recovery than control mice after transplantation. Following this recovery, the platelet levels continued increasing to fourfold to eightfold above normal baseline levels and remained elevated (five-fold above control mice) in these animals, which are alive and well at more than 4 months posttransplantation. Increased megakaryocyte numbers were detected in a number of organs in these mice including bone marrow, spleen, liver, and lymph nodes. Prolonged overexpression of MGDF led to decreased marrow hematopoiesis, especially erythropoiesis, with a shift to extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen and liver. All the MGDF overexpressing mice analyzed to date developed myelofibrosis and osteosclerosis, possibly induced by megakaryocyte and platelet produced cytokines. No significant effect on other hematopoietic lineages was seen in the MGDF overexpressing mice, showing that the stimulatory effect of MGDF in vivo is restricted to the megakaryocyte lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Yan
- Department of Developmental Hematology, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320-1789, USA
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Robinson MO, Zhou W, Hokom M, Danilenko DM, Hsu RY, Atherton RE, Xu W, Mu S, Saris CJ, Swift S. The tsA58 simian virus 40 large tumor antigen disrupts megakaryocyte differentiation in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994; 91:12798-802. [PMID: 7809123 PMCID: PMC45527 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.26.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia is a condition of multiple etiologies affecting the megakaryocyte lineage. To perturb this lineage in transgenic mice, the tsA58 mutation of the simian virus 40 large tumor antigen was targeted to megakaryocytes using the platelet factor 4 promoter. Ten of 17 transgenic lines generated exhibited low platelet levels, each line displaying a distinct, heritable level of thrombocytopenia. Within a line, the degree of the platelet reduction correlated directly with transgene zygosity. The platelet level could be further reduced by the inactivation of one copy of the endogenous retinoblastoma gene. Western blot analysis detected large tumor antigen protein in the most severely affected lines; less affected lines were below the level of detection. Platelets and megakaryocytes from thrombocytopenic mice exhibited morphological abnormalities. Mice with either normal or reduced platelet levels developed megakaryocytic malignancies with a mean age of onset of about 8 months. There was no correlation between severity of thrombocytopenia and onset of malignancy. These mice provide a defined genetic model for thrombocytopenia, and for megakaryocytic neoplasia, and implicate the retinoblastoma protein in the process of megakaryocyte differentiation.
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Wang F, Xiao M, Mu S. Purification and properties of a diisopropyl-fluorophosphatase from squid Todarodes pacificus steenstrup. J Biochem Toxicol 1993; 8:161-6. [PMID: 8263902 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.2570080308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A diisopropyl-fluorophosphatase (DFPase) was purified from brain and ganglia of squid Todarodes pacificus steenstrup. The DFPase had a preference in hydrolysis toward diisopropylphosphorofluoridate (DFP). It also was able to hydrolyze O-1,2,2-trimethylpropyl methylphosphofluoridate (soman) and O-isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (sarin) at nearly equal hydrolytic rates but only 1/10 that of DFP. The hydrolytic activity toward diethyl-p-nitrophenylphosphate (paraoxon) was very low compared with DFP, soman, and sarin. The DFPase was purified 330-fold to a specific activity of 18,300 n mol/min/mg protein. Its molecular weight was 34,000 dalton determined by gel-filtration chromatography. Mn2+ stimulation of the DFPase was not observed when DFP and soman were the substrates, but with sarin, the rate increased onefold in the presence of 1.0 mM of Mn2+. Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium (EDTA-Na2) at 0.05 M inhibited the DFPase activity about 30%. It could be concluded that this DFPase belongs to the squid-type DFPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
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Mao X, Xu M, Mu S, Ma Y, He M. [Study on relationship between human ABO blood groups and type A behavior pattern]. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1991; 22:93-6. [PMID: 1774046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of the relationship between ABO blood groups (ABO BG) and Type A behavior pattern (TABP) was performed. No significant correlation was found between human ABO BG and TABP (P less than 0.05). However, CH and TH + CH scores in individuals with blood type A and type A personality were significantly lower (P less than 0.05). The values of TH-CH scores among tested people were of no statistical significance (P greater than 0.05). Moreover, nearly half of the examinees (41.32%) had higher CH score and the distribution of the individuals was obviously different in statistics (P less than 0.005). In addition, L score of examinees with blood type A and type B personality was relatively lower.
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